2024-2025学年湖北省武汉市新洲一中阳逻校区高二下学期期末英语试卷

2024-2025学年湖北省武汉市新洲一中阳逻校区高二下学期期末英语试卷一、阅读理解(★★)HarvardUniversityLibrariesofferdiverseprogramsandeventsyear-round,connectingscholarsandvisitorswithworld-classresources.Thefollowingarefeaturedacademicseasonactivitiesacrossitsiconiccollectionsandspaces.ExploringLibraryTreasures(Year-Round)Harvard’slibrariesaremorethanjustbooks—they’regatewaystouniversediscovery.Whetheryou’reresearchingathesis,unearthingthesecretswithinraremanuscripts,ormerelylongingforapeacefulstudycorner,thisself-guidedtourisyourpassporttotheuniversity’sworld-classcollections.PickupamapatWidenerLibrary’sentrancetobeginyourjourney.UndergradResearchBootcamp(Year-Round)Newtoacademicresearch?LearnhowtonavigateHarvard’svastdigitaldocuments,requestspecialcollections,andcitesourceslikeaspecialistunderthecarefulguidanceoftherealone.Weeklysessionsareavailable.JuststopbyLamontLibrary’sTechHelpDesktoparticipate.Youcanchoosetostayfora15-minutedemonstrationorengageinaworkshop.WellnessWednesdaysatCabot(September5—May15)Balancemountingstudystresswithmindfulreadingbreaks.Here,you’llfindanarrayofengagingfeaturesdesignedtosootheyourmind.Colorablebooks,offeringacreativeoutlet,puzzlecorners,agreatwaytotakeyourmindoffacademicpressures,anda“cozyclassics”recommendationwallawait.LocatedinCabotScienceLibrary’sdedicatedrestingzone;opentoallstudentsduringoperatinghours.SpecialCollectionsSpotlightJoinourteamofexpertlibraryscholars—renownedfortheirresearchinarchivalstudies,rarebookcataloging,andhistoricalmanuscriptpreservation—forin-depthguidedsessions.11/14—MappingHistory:Immerseyourselfin16th-centuryatlasesatPuseyMapCollection.3/22—VoicesofChange:ListentodigitizedcivilrightsoralhistoriesatSchlesingerLibrary.1.Whatcanparticipantsdointhe“ExploringLibraryTreasures”activity?

A．Exploretheuniversity.B．Accessuncommonmanuscripts.C．Writearesearchpaper.D．Unearthtreasuresburiedunderground.2.Whichactivityisintendedforrelaxation?

A．UndergradResearchBootcamp.B．ExploringLibraryTreasures.C．WellnessWednesdaysatCabot.D．SpecialCollectionsSpotlight.3.WhatdoUndergradResearchBootcampandSpecialCollectionsSpotlightshare?

A．TheyaredesignedforHarvardfreshmen.B．Theyfocusonbrand-newresearchallyear.C．Theyofferlearningwithprofessionalsupport.D．Theyrequireparticipantstopreparedemonstrations.(★★★)Inthesedaysofelectroniceverything,you’dthinkthatmostbusinesseswouldn’tbeusingpapercheques(支票)anymore.Infact,formostbusinesses,paperchequesarestillathing.Asmanyasoneinthreebusinessdealsarepaidthiswayand81%offirmsintheUSarestillusingpaperchequestosettlesomeoftheirbills.Stoptheeye-rollingbecauseyeah,weknowelectronicpaymentsarequickertomake,authorizeandcomplete,andthey’reeasiertotrackandreport.Theysavepaperandaregoodfortheenvironment.They’remoresecure,efficientandcostless.Theycanbemadeandapprovedfromanywhere.Agrowingnumberofbusinessesnotonlypreferelectronicpayments,butarerequiringcustomerstodothis.EvenMicrosoftrecentlyannouncedthatitwouldnolongeracceptpaperchequesfromitspartners.Butstill...I’mgoingtomissthepapercheque.I’vealwaysenjoyedthecircumstanceofthebiweeklychequerunandthegrandestpartisthefinalapprovalevidencedbytheultimateproofofauthority:thesignature.Someofmyclientstakedelightintheopportunitytoexamineandsigneverychequebecausethere’snobetterexampleofpowerthanthis.Paperchequesarenotonlyawrittenformofcontractsfavoredbyfirmsthroughouthistorybutalsoaformofmarketingwherecompaniescanproudlydisplaytheirlogos.Theyareclearevidenceofstabilityandreliability.Unfortunately,thewritingisonthewallforthepapercheque.Andthatmakesmesad.AccordingtotheSmallBusinessAdministration,themajorityofsmallbusinessownersareovertheageof50.WegrewupwithSwansonTVDinners,hockeywithouthelmets(头盔)andappointedsmokingsectionsinairplanes.We’llretireandyoungergenerationswillburyusalongwithourchequebooks.Weknowthiswillunavoidablychange.Fornow,manybusinessesintheUSarestillrelyingonpaperchequestopay.Yes,they’reinefficientandcostlier.Butpleasebepatient.Allowmetohavethisonelittleenjoymentwhileitlasts.4.Whatphenomenondoestheauthordescribeinparagraph1?

A．Doingbusinessisincreasinglydifficult.B．EverythingisgoingelectronicintheUS.C．Paperchequesarestillinuseinbusiness.D．MostAmericanfirmsfailtopaythebills.5.WhatdoesMicrosoft’sdecisionindicate?

A．Thegrowingtrendofshiftingtoelectronicpayments.B．Thechangeinformsofcooperationinbigcompanies.C．Thepotentialcomebackofpaperchequesinthemarket.D．Thepopularityofelectronicpaymentsamongcustomers.6.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph3?

A．Defendhispreference.B．Introduceanewconcept.C．Callforreaders’support.D．Promoteanoldtradition.7.WhydoestheauthormentionSwansonTVDinnersandhockeywithouthelmets?

A．Toemphasizetheoutdatednatureofpasttrends.B．Toshowhisattachmenttoold-schoolpractices.C．Tostresshisresistancetotechnologicalchanges.D．Tosuggestthereliabilityoftraditionalmethods.(★★★★)Forstudentschasinglastingwealth,thebestchoiceofacollegemajorislessobviousthanyoumightthink.Conventionalwisdomsayscomputerscienceandengineeringmajorshavehigherearningsthanliberalartsgraduates.Thisistrueforthefirstjob,butthelong-termstoryismorecomplicated.Computerscienceandengineeringmajorsaged23and25earnedanaverageof$61,744,accordingtoarecentsurvey.Thiswas37percenthigherthantheaveragestartingsalaryof$45,032earnedbyhistoryorthesocialsciencesmajors.Theseengineersroughlydoubledtheirstartingsalariesbyage40,toanaverageof$124,458.Yetearningsgrowthisevenfasterinothermajors,andsomecatchupcompletely.Byage40,theaveragesalaryofallcollegegraduateswas$111,870,andsocialscienceandhistorymajorsearned$131,154-anaveragethatislifted,inpart,byhigh-payingjobsinmanagement,businessandlaw.OnereasonforthenarrowinggapisthatSTEMjobschangerapidly,andworkersmustconstantlylearnnewskillstokeepup.Jobadsforsoftwaredevelopersandengineersweremorelikelytoaskforskillsthatdidn’texistadecadeearlier.Wecanalsoseethisbylookingatchangesincollegecoursecatalogs.MachineLearning,oneofthelargestcoursesintheStanfordcomputersciencedepartmentdidnotexistuntil2003.Today,itenrollsmorethanathousandstudents.Incontrast,liberalartsmajorsmaintainamoretraditionalcurriculumwithfewerchanges.Whydotheearningsofpoetscatchup?It’snotbecausepoetrysuddenlypaysthebills.Midcareersalariesarehighestinmanagementandbusinessoccupations,fieldswhichliberalartsmajorsaremorelikelythanSTEMgraduatestoenter.Aliberalartseducationbuildsasetoffoundationalskills,suchaswrittencommunication,problem-solving,andtheabilitytoworkinateam,whichservestudentswellinarapidlychangingjobmarket.Toclarify,IamnotsuggestingstudentsavoidingSTEMmajors.ButIdothinkweshouldbecautiousoftheimpulsetomakecollegecurriculumsoverlytechnicalandcareer-focused.Afour-yeardegreeshouldpreparestudentsforthenext40yearsofworkinglife,andforafuturethatnoneofuscanimagine.8.WhatdothefiguresinParagraph2reveal?

A．Engineersearnlessthansocialscientists.B．STEMcareersguaranteethehighestpay.C．LiberalartsearningsgrowtomatchSTEM.D．Socialsciencemajorsexcelinhigh-payingfields.9.Whatisthereasonforthenarrowingearningsgap?

A．Liberalartsmajors’salariesstarthigher.B．STEMworkersexperienceskillupdates.C．Liberalartsmajorsavoidtraditionalcareers.D．STEMmajorsmaintainatraditionalcurriculum.10.Whatistheauthor’sviewoncollegecurriculums?

A．StudentsshouldavoidSTEMmajors.B．Artdegreesshouldbecareer-oriented.C．STEMmajorsmustfocusonthefuture.D．Balanceispreferredovertechnicalfocus.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A．EngineersStartFaster,butPoetsCatchupB．ConstantSkillUpdatingforSTEMCareersC．ManagementandBusiness:PathstoWealthD．HowtoBalanceSkillsWithLifelongLearning(★★★)Francehasnotallowedsmartphoneuseinprimaryorsecondaryschoolssince2018,claimingthatitwouldhelpchildrenfocus,reducetheirsocialmediauseandcyberbullying.TheNetherlandsandHungaryinitiatedsimilarbansin2024.Thekeyquestionfacingthemiswhetherbanningsmartphonesinschoolsoffersanybenefitstomentalhealth.A2021USSurgeonGeneralreportrevealeda40%riseinfeelingsofhopelessnessamongAmericanhighschoolstudentsbetween2009and2019,with48%oflifelongmental-healthproblems(likedepressionandanxiety)originatinginadolescence.Itistemptingtoconnectthesetrendswiththeincreasedavailabilityofsmartphones,butestablishingacausalconnectionisdifficult.Partoftheproblemisthatsmartphonescontainmultitudes.Usingasmartphonetosolvecrosswordsorreadthenewsmaywellhavedistinctlydifferentpsychologicaleffectsthanintensivesocial-mediause.Additionally,Children’sbrainundergoesprofoundchangesduringadolescence,meaningthatanyresearchontheeffectsofsmartphoneuseneedstoconsiderthedevelopmentalageofthechildrenbeingstudiedaswellastheirprecisesmartphonehabits.Fewstudiesfullyaddresstheseslightdifferences.A2022CambridgeUniversitystudyof17,409youthsagedbetween10and21linkedincreasedsocialmediausetoreducedlifesatisfaction,particularlyingirlsaged11—13andboysaged14—15.However,school-levelbansalonemaybeinsufficient.ResearchinTheLancetcomparedschoolswithstrictandrelaxedsmartphonepolicies,findingnomentalhealthdifferencesbetweengroups.Whileheavysmartphoneusersshoweddeclines,policystrictnesshadnomeasurableeffect.Researchersaretryingtopaintacompletepicturewithbothhandstiedbehindtheirback.AccordingtoDr.Orben,socialmediacompaniesroutinelyrefusetogiveindependentresearchersaccesstodetaileddataonthebehaviorsoftheirusers.Thisforcesresearcherstorelyonlessaccuratemeasures,likeoverallscreentime.Italsomeansthatchildrenplayingeducationalgamesarebeingputinthesameanalyticalbinaschildrenwhoareonsocialmedia.Amoredetailedpictureoftheeffectsofsmartphonesneedstobepainted.12.WhatisthepurposeofParagragh1?

A．Toillustrateapoint.B．Topresentasolution.C．Tointroducethetopic.D．Todescribeaphenomenon.13.What’sthemainbarriertolinkingsmartphonestomentalhealthissues?

A．Thevariedpurposesofsmartphoneapps.B．Thechangesinchildren’ssmartphonehabits.C．Theineffectivenessofstrictschoolpolicies.D．Thecomplexityofprovingdirectcausation.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardschool-levelsmartphonebans?

A．Supportive.B．Skeptical.C．Indifferent.D．Neutral.15.Whichmightbeasuitabletitleforthearticle?

A．SmartphoneBansAlone:LimitedImpactonYouthMentalHealthB．SmartphonesinSchools:BalancingRisksandEducationalBenefitsC．TheRiseofSocialMedia:APrimaryCauseofAdolescentDepressionD．GlobalBansonSmartphones:ASimpleSolutiontoTeenMentalHealth(★★★)Thebadnewsabouttheboilinghotweatherisoneveryscreen.Thegoodnews,however,isthatevenastemperaturesrise,destructioncanbeminimised.Rich,hotplacessuchasPhoenix,KuwaitandSingaporeareadapting,asdidpartsofEuropeafterthatheatwavetwodecadesago.16Thebasicideaissimple:getpeopleoutofthesunandintothecool.Airconditioning,whichisaffordable,ispartoftheanswer.17However,ifpoweredbyrenewableenergy,itisnotbadfortheclimate.Moreimportantly,extremeheatcancausediseaseslikeheartproblems.Populationsthatarenotusedtoitaremorevulnerable(易受伤害的),soaretheelderly.AstudyinTheLancetconcludedthattherewere345,000heat-relateddeathsworldwideamongtheover-65s,andthatitwouldhavebeen50%higherwithoutairconditioning.18Somequickandcheapfixescanstandout.Forexample,workplacesandschoolsneedtobemoreflexible.Whenitisextremelyhot,shadeandwaterbreaksmustbeprovidedforoutdoorworkers.Asforchildren,theyshouldbeallowedtostudyfromhome.19SomeAmericancitieshave“heatreliefcenters”-asdoothersinChinaandVietnam.Oftentheseareordinarybuildingswithairconditioning,fromlibrariestooffices,thatcantemporarilybeopenedtoall.20ArchitectsinSingaporedesignbuildingstomakewindpassthroughthecity,whileavasttree-plantingeffortprovidesshadeandkeepsmoisture(湿润)forthecity.However,ittakestimeandamountainofcashtoredesigntheplacewherewelive.

A．Moreplacesneedsimilarguidelines.B．Rethinkinghowcitiesarebuiltcanhelp,too.C．Besides,creatingmorecoolpublicspacesisuseful.D．Therefore,itcontributestosavinglivesduringhotdays.E．Someenvironmentaliststrytoavoidthiswonderfultechnology.F．Farfrombeingaseriesofunusualevents,thisisthenewnormal.G．Ratherthansittingby,therestoftheworldshouldalsotakeaction.二、完形填空(★★)Ihadalwaysbeenterrifiedofsnakes,afearthatwasdeeplyrootedinmychildhood.Eventhe_________ofone,inapictureortoyform,would_________mewithterror.However,everythingchangedwhenIbecameamother.MysonjoinedtheCubScouts,andI_________theroleofdenmother(辅导员).Onafamilycampingtrip,Ifoundmyselffacinga_________snakeattheanimalstation.Thestaffmemberenthusiastically_________,“They’vegotalivesnakeyoucanhandle.”Despitemyfear,Icouldn’t_________theboys.Ifollowedthemtothestation,wheretheyoungmanintroducedHumphrey,ahognosesnake.Heexplainedhowthesnake,_________bynature,would_________deadwhenthreatened.Itriedtokeepasafedistance,butoneoftheboysencouragedmetoholdthesnake.Withaprayerforcourage,I_________agreed.Tomysurprise,Humphreywasn’tcoldandslimybutdryandsoft.Ashe__________himselfalongmyarmandlookedintomyeyes,Irealizedmy__________wasbasedonmisunderstandings.Humphrey’scalmnesstaughtmethatbraverydoesn’tmeanthe__________offear,buttheabilitytofaceit.ThoughIremain__________aboutsnakes,I’llneverforgetHumphrey.Heshowedmethattruecourageliesinovercomingfear,not__________it.Asthesayinggoes,thebravemanisnothewhodoesnotfeelafraid,buthewho__________thatfear.21.A．imageB．soundC．sightD．thought22.A．freezeB．catchC．engageD．excite23.A．reflectedonB．tookonC．focusedonD．insistedon24.A．dangerousB．harmlessC．wildD．live25.A．continuedB．mentionedC．declaredD．screamed26.A．abandonB．quitC．supportD．assist27.A．riskyB．harmlessC．aggressiveD．curious28.A．layB．dropC．fallD．play29.A．doubtfullyB．slowlyC．unwillinglyD．gradually30.A．positionedB．wrappedC．presentedD．supported31.A．courageB．hesitationC．anxietyD．fear32.A．lackB．absenceC．defeatD．impact33.A．cautiousB．enthusiasticC．uncertainD．concerned34.A．sufferingB．survivingC．avoidingD．acknowledging35.A．hidesB．encountersC．valuesD．conquers三、语法填空(★★★)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。PeterleyManorFarm,intheChilternHills,hasmovedalongwayfromconventionalfarming.WhenRogerBrill,afourth-generationfarmer,andhiswife36(take)overtherun-downfarm,theysetouttogrowandsellproducefromthefields,37accountedforanextremelysmallshareofthefarm’sincomeandmadeuplessthanone38(nine)oftheincomelastyear.Nowthe40-acrefarmhasa“wildspa”,yogaclassesinaMongolianyurt(蒙古包)andacaféinaconvertedbarn.“Socialmediahaschangedeverything,”saysKatyBrill,Roger’sdaughterwhoassumed39(responsible)forthefarm’sday-to-dayrunningin2014.Novelexperiencesandscenicbackdropsdoverywell40socialmediaplatforms.Inadditiontothespa,thefarmalsohostsfitnessbootcamps,anoutdoorcinemaandfarm-themedmessyplayforkids,togetherwithanewnature-basedgardencenter41(construct)inthenearfuture.42(branch)outandinnovatinghavebecomethenormwithmodernfarmers,anddobringnewbusinessforstrugglingfarms,43theyleavethefarmersexposedtostrangefieldsaswellasrequiringthemtofindworkerswithnew44(profession)skills.InfuturePeterleyManorFarmwillneedmoremarketersandchefs,forinstance,and45(few)farmhands.四、书信写作(★★★)46.假如你是李华，近期你校学生中出现了刷小视频学英语的热潮，校英文报就此现象进行征稿，请你写一则短文投稿。内容包括：1.陈述看法；2.提出建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。MyViewonLearningEnglishviaShortVideos____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、书面表达(★★★)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Tom’sfamilywasasmallfamilyonthecoastallineofasmallvillage.Tomwas11yearsold.Hewastall,darkandhandsomeandhadalotofdreams.Hehadalwaysdreamtoflivinginacity.Hewasalwayshisdad’scharm,ashewasnotquitehappytospendtimewithhismom.Allhecouldrememberabouthismomwasherscars,redandwhitescarsonherface,neckandhands.Healwaysfeltunpleasanttoseehismom’sface.Butwhathedidnotknowwasthathismomscratchedherbeautytosavehimfromafirewhenhewasoneyearold.Notwantingtoburdenhimwithit,Tom’sparentskeptitasecret.HismomMariausedtodrophimtoschoolandpickhimupeveryday.Hefeltawkwardtoseehismomwiththatscarredfacestandinginfrontoftheschoolgate.Ashewaslaughingandchattingwithhisfellowschoolmates,allofthembecamesilentandstartedstaringattheg