高考英语二轮复习（新高考版） 第3部分 书面表达与读后续写　专题5　第2讲　解题技法指导

第三部分应用文写作和读后续写技法一审题谋篇四步法(2022·浙江1月)假定你是李华，在“中国—爱尔兰文化节”活动中结识了爱尔兰朋友Chris，现在他已回国。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.回忆活动经历；2.分享个人收获；3.希望保持联系。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第2讲解题技法指导第一步审题立意布局谋篇体裁邮件时态一般过去时和一般现在时人称第一人称结构三段要点1.询问近况，表示怀念；2.回忆活动经历，分享个人收获；3.发出希望。第二步核心内容逐一盘点第一段——问候1.近来好吗？你回爱尔兰已有一年了。我非常想念你。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Howareyoudoingthesedays?IthasbeenayearsinceyoucamebacktoIreland.Imissyousomuch.第二段——回忆和分享2.提起中爱文化节活动我依然记得两年前我们在中爱文化节相遇的那一天。Istillremembertheveryday_____________________________________________________________.whenwemetatChina-IrelandCulturalFestivaltwoyearsago3.具体说明文化节活动(1)你在那次文化节上分享了你们国家许多有趣的事情。You________________________________________________

atthatfestival.(2)通过你的分享，我了解到了你们的食物、文化和历史。ThroughyoursharingI____________________________________________.sharedsomanyinterestingthingsaboutyourcountrylearnedalotaboutyourfood，cultureandhistory4.你的感受(1)很重要的是我们那时成了好朋友。It’sfarmoreimportant______________________________.(2)我感到有点遗憾的是你去年回国了。Ifeltalittlesorry_________________________.(3)我很高兴了解到你在你的家乡过着快乐的生活。Iampleasedtoknow________________________________________.thatwebecamegoodfriendsthenthatyouleftChinalastyearyouareleadingahappylifeinyourhometown第三段——发出希望5.我希望我们常联系，并希望早日收到你的回信。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ihopewecankeepintouchoften.Lookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.第三步斟词酌句润色升级1.把第3中的句(1)变成强调句，并用非限制性定语从句与句(2)合并起来______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.把第4中的句(1)变成what引导的名词性从句__________________________________________________________Itwasatthatfestivalthatyousharedsomanyinterestingthingsaboutyourcountry，throughwhichIlearnedalotaboutyourfood，cultureandhistory.What’sfarmoreimportantisthatwebecamegoodfriendsthen.3.把第4中的句(2)和句(3)合并成让步状语从句____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ThoughIfeltalittlesorrythatyouleftChinalastyear，Iampleasedtoknowyouareleadingahappylifeinyourhometown.第四步巧妙衔接完美成篇DearChris，Howareyoudoingthesedays?IthasbeenayearsinceyoucamebacktoIreland.Imissyousomuch.IstillremembertheverydaywhenwemetatChina-IrelandCulturalFestivaltwoyearsago.Itwasatthatfestivalthatyousharedsomanyinterestingthingsaboutyourcountry，throughwhichIlearnedalotaboutyourfood，cultureandhistory.Wereallyenjoyedourselvesthere.What’sfarmoreimportantisthatwebecamegoodfriendsthen.ThoughIfeltalittlesorrythatyouleftChinalastyear，Iampleasedtoknowyouareleadingahappylifeinyourhometown.Ihopewecankeepintouchoften.Lookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.Yours，LiHua技法二规避常见的五种错误

典例示范常见错误错误句子改错句子成分残缺或多余(缺)Therearemanystudentssupportit.Therearemanystudentswho/thatsupportit.(多)Wereachedtoschoolat6∶00am.Wereachedschoolat6∶00am.主谓不一致Thechildrenwasveryhappy.Thechildrenwereveryhappy.Youcanreadthebookswhichisontheshelf.Youcanreadthebookswhichareontheshelf.时态、语态错误Theexhibitionwillholdnextweekend.Theexhibitionwillbeheldnextweekend.YesterdayIwitnessanaccident.YesterdayIwitnessedanaccident.词性不分Honestisthebestpolicy.Honestyisthebestpolicy.PapercuttingisatraditionChineseart.PapercuttingisatraditionalChineseart.Ifinallythroughtheexamafterseveralattempts.Ifinallygotthroughtheexamafterseveralattempts.中式英语Iverylikehisclasses.Ilikehisclassesverymuch.MyfatherboughtmeaMoYanwritingbook.MyfatherboughtmeabookwrittenbyMoYan.Thetreesverytall.Thetreesareverytall.技法三亮化词汇三原则根据高考书面表达的评分标准，应用词汇的丰富性和准确性是作文能否取得高分的一条重要的标准。所以，在词汇的亮化上应遵循以下三个原则：原则1求新求变同样意义的词语，要根据语境使用最新学过的而不是小学初中学过的词汇。如果同样的意义重复出现，要使用不同的表达方式。如：1.Notonlydoestheoceanofferusenoughfood，butitalsomaintains

thebalanceofnature.Thus，itisveryimportanttoprotecttheocean.(2022·全国甲)→Notonlydoestheoceanofferussufficientfood，butitalsomaintainsthebalanceofnature.Thus，itisimperativetoprotecttheocean.2.Whenfeelingsad，Ioftenchoosetoenjoythenovelpartwhichincludesalotofgoodstories.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)→Whenfeelingdepressed，Ioftenchoosetoenjoythenovelpartwhichincludesalotofimaginativestories.3.WiththewidespreadoftheInternet，moreandmorepeoplebecomeonlinelearners.(2021·全国乙)→WiththewidespreadoftheInternet，anincreasingnumberofpeoplebecomeonlinelearners.4.Iamwritingtoaskyoutohelpuswithaplayweadaptedaccordingtothetext.(2020·全国Ⅲ)→Iamwritinginsinceritytoaskyouafavourregardingaplayweadaptedaccordingtothetext.5.Foranother，Chinahasalonghistoryandrichculture.IthasalwaysattractedpeoplewholoveanythingaboutChina.(2020·江苏)→Foranother，Chinaenjoysalonghistoryandrichculture.IthasalwaysbeenanattractionforthosewhoarekeenonanythingthatisChinese.原则2求准求精写作时不一定每一句都要有复杂句式，有时准确使用一个单词就会让整个句子增色。1.ItcaneasilybeseenthatthepercentageofstudentswhochooselisteningtoEnglishsongsandwatchingEnglishmoviesispartly65%and50%.(2022·全国乙)→ItcaneasilybeseenthatthepercentageofstudentswhochooselisteningtoEnglishsongsandwatchingEnglishmoviesisrespectively65%and50%.2.Inconclusion，weshouldfindawaytostudyonlinebetter.(2021·全国乙)→Inconclusion，weshouldfindawaytostudyonlinemoreefficiently.3.Hiswordsofencouragementcanstillberemembered.(2020·全国Ⅰ)→Hiswordsofencouragementstillringinmyears.4.Iamwaitingforyourearlyreply.(2021·全国甲)→Iamwaitingforyourearlyreplyeagerly.原则3短语优先恰当使用短语代替单词，不但可以增加词数，还有助于绕开不会表达的单词，使得行文更加流畅。1.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldconsidermyinvitation.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)→Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyinvitationintoaccount.2.Inconclusion，weshouldknowitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesandfindaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient.(2021·全国乙)→Inconclusion，weshouldhaveagoodunderstandingofitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesandfindaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient.3.Inordertogetmoreclicks，you’dbettertellmewhichChinesecultureattractswesternersmost.(2021·全国甲)→Inordertogetmoreclicks，you’dbettertellmewhichChinesecultureholdsthemostattractionforwesterners.4.Themajorityofpeoplewhoweresurveyedsupportedthisidea.→Themajorityofpeoplewhoweresurveyedwereinfavourofthisidea.技法四美化句式四诀窍诀窍1三大从句各一从句是丰富内容的有效手段。每一篇优秀作文，句式都应该多样。

所以在写作中，要注意打造三种从句。1.定语从句：Itwasatthatfestivalthatyousharedsomanyinterestingthingsaboutyourcountry，throughwhichIlearnedalotaboutyourfood，cultureandhistory.(2022·浙江1月)2.状语从句：Ithasbeen10yearssinceYouthwasfoundedandIbegantoreadthenewspaperwhenIwasstillajunioronestudent.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)3.名词性从句：What’sfarmoreimportantisthatwebecamegoodfriendsthen.(2022·浙江1月)诀窍2非谓语若干非谓语的正确使用能体现出学生的语法功底，相比于从句，非谓语更加生动简洁。(2020·全国Ⅱ)Lastweekend，myclassmatesandItookpartinafarmpicking(现在分词作定语)activity.Surrounded(过去分词作状语)bygreentrees，thefarmislocatedatthefootofthehillnearourschool.Thereisasmallriverflowing(现在分词作定语)throughthefarm.Whileenjoyingbeing(动名词作宾语)closetonature，webegantohelppickpeachescovering(现在分词作定语)everytree.Weworkedinpairs，onepickingpeachesandtheothercarefullyputtingthemintoabigbox(独立主格结构).Throughparticipating(动名词作宾语)inthispickingactivity，Ihavebecomeawareofthesignificanceofwork.Iamdeterminedtostudyhard，tobeausefulpersontothecountryandtocontributetotheimprovementofpeople’slives(不定式作宾语).诀窍3倒装强调可出现特殊句型如倒装句、强调句和感叹句等可以使整篇文章句式更加丰富。1.Itisourdailyactionsthatmakeadifferencetoprotectingtheoceanfrombeingpolluted.(2022·全国甲)2.SoeasilyaddictedtochattingonlineorplayinggamesaretheythattheywillforgettolearnEnglishusingthem.(2022·全国乙)3.Fromthisactivity，notonlydidwerealizethatbuildingupourbodyisofgreatimportance，butwealsolearnedmoreabout“persistenceleadstosuccess”.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)4.Ontheway，exhaustedastheparticipantswere，theykeptrunninguntilthefinishingline.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)5.Suchismyunderstandingaboutgrowingup.(2020·天津)诀窍4被动露露面

如果一篇文章全都是主动句而且主语一致，文章就会显得单调，适当使用被动句能够避免这种情况。1.Firstofall，whatwecandoisplaceimportanceonourdailyactions.Forexample，wecan’tthrowgarbageintotheocean.(2022·全国甲)→Firstofall，whatwecandoisplaceimportanceonourdailyactions.Forexample，garbagecan’tbethrownintotheocean.2.BecausewewillpresentthisactivityontheEnglishwebsite，Isincerelywantyoutooffermesomeadvice.(2021·全国甲)→BecausethisactivitywillbepresentedontheEnglishwebsite，Isincerelywantyoutooffermesomeadvice.3.Iwonderifyouwouldliketogiveussomeadvice.Weneedtoadjustthevocabularyandgrammaroftheplot，andwealsoneedyourguidanceonourperformance.(2020·全国Ⅲ)→Iwonderifyouwouldliketogiveussomeadvice.Thevocabularyandgrammaroftheplotneedtobeadjusted，andwealsoneedyourguidanceonourperformance.技法五衔接过渡四类型衔接过渡词可以分为“启、承、转、合”四类。1.用于“启”的过渡词语：asyouknow，asisshowninthe...，firstofall，foronething，aboveall，ontheonehand，inasense，tostartwith等。①AsfarasIknow，thisexhibitionwilllastforhalfamonthintheschoolartgallery.(2021·浙江)②Firstofall，whatwecandoisplaceimportanceonourdailyactions.(2022·全国甲)③Foronething，theoveralldevelopmentoverthepastdecadeshasbeensostrikingthattheyfeeleagertofamiliarizethemselveswithwhatisgoingoninChina.(2020·江苏)④Firstandforemost，thecompetitiontobeheldinourschoolstadiumwillbeginat2pmandlastforroughly3hours.(2019·全国Ⅱ)2.用于“承”的过渡词语：secondly，also，inaddition，foranotherthing，forthispurpose，furthermore，whatismore，forexample，inotherwords，infact，atthesametime，asaresult，therefore等。①What’smore，ifIwanttodecoratemywebsitewithsomeChineseelements，whatshouldIdo？(2021·全国甲)②Therefore，Istronglyrecommendthatallthestudentsinourschoolshouldmakeuseoftheirsparetimetoenjoythesewonderfulworkscarefully.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)③Foranother，Chinaenjoysalonghistoryandrichculture.(2020·江苏)④Besides，thetopicisabouthowtoimproveourspokenEnglish.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)⑤Furthermore，itisnecessaryforyoutotakeagoodrest，whichwillprovideenoughenergyforyou.(2019·全国Ⅱ)⑥Meanwhile，I’malsointerestedtolearnsomefolkdancesfromyouinyourlecture，whichwillhelpmeimprovemydancing.(2019·天津)3.用于“转”的过渡词语：afterall，but，however，onthecontrary，incontrast，otherwise，while，though，despite，inspiteof，allthesame，asamatteroffact等。①However，thosechoosingreadingEnglishbooksandvisitingEnglishlearningwebsitesonlyaccountfor18%and12%.(2022·全国乙)②Ontheway，althoughsomestudentsfellbehind，theykeptrunninguntilthefinishingline.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)4.用于“合”的过渡词语：inaword，generallyspeaking，atlast，inshort，intheend，inconclusion，onthewhole，insummary，tosumup等。①Finally，youarewelcomeatanytimetomyhouseandbemyguest.Congratulationsagain!②Tosumup，Iwishyoucouldliveuptotheexpectationsofourschool.(2019·全国Ⅱ)③Inconclusion，theschooluniformsareabetterchoicethanthetraditionalChinesedressforsuchanoccasion.(2019·江苏)④Allinall，itishightimethatwedevotedourselvestoprotectingtheocean.Toprotecttheoceanistoprotectourselves.(2022·全国甲)随堂演练Ⅰ.升级句中加颜色词汇1.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology，moreandmorepeoplearefondofonlinepayment.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology，__________________________

peoplearefondofonlinepayment.2.Traditionalculturesareveryimportantinourcountry.Traditionalcultures_____________________

inourcountry.anincreasingnumberofareofgreatimportance3.Asforme，Ilikeschooluniformsbetterthancasualclothes.Asforme，I_______

schooluniforms____

casualclothes.4.QingdaoliesintheeastofShandongProvince.Qingdao___________________

theeastofShandongProvince.5.Everyonemusthaveexperiencedamovingmoment，andI’dliketoshareminewithyou.Everyonemusthaveexperienceda_________

moment，andI’dliketoshareminewithyou.prefertoissituated/locatedintouching6.Iamwritingtosaythankstoyouforyourhelp.Iamwritingto___________________

toyouforyourhelp.7.Hereissomeadvice，whichIhopewillbegoodforyou.Hereissomeadvice，whichIhopewillbe_________

toyou.8.Iamveryhappytohearthatyouarecomingtoourcityforavisit.Iam_________________

tohearthatyouarecomingtoourcityforavisit.expressmygratitudebeneficialextremelydelightedⅡ.升级句式练习1.Theceremonywasscheduledtobeheldfrom8∶00amto11∶00amonJune8，andduringthattimewereviewedthepasteventsandwatchedsomevideosabouttheheroicdeedsofourschoolmatesinthebattleagainstCOVID-19.(用定语从句改写)→Theceremonywasscheduledtobeheldfrom8∶00amto11∶00amonJune8，_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.duringwhichwereviewedthepasteventsandwatchedsomevideosabouttheheroicdeedsofourschoolmatesinthebattleagainstCOVID-192.AnEnglishoralcompetitionwasheldthisMondayandourclasswonthefirstprizeinit.(用定语从句改写)→OurclasswonthefirstprizeintheEnglishoralcompetition______________________________.3.Doesyoursummercourseofferaccommodation？(用宾语从句改写)→________________________________________________________that/whichwasheldthisMondayIwonderif/whetheryoursummercourseoffersaccommodation.4.ThestudentsinterestedinthecontestarerequiredtosignupforitbeforeJuly3.(用主语从句改写)→__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.Yougreetothersactively，andyouaremorelikelytomakefriends.(用状语从句改写)→________________________________________________________Itisrequiredthatthestudentsinterestedinthecontest(should)signupforitbeforeJuly3.Ifyougreetothersactively，youaremorelikelytomakefriends.6.Webecameexhaustedhalfway，butwemanagedtogettothefinishingline.(用状语从句改写)→__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.WheneverImeetwithdifficulty，myChineseteachergivesmeencouragementintime.(用强调句改写)→__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Although/Though/Whilewebecameexhaustedhalfway，wemanagedtogettothefinishingline.ItismyChineseteacherthat/whogivesmeencouragementwheneverImeetwithdifficulty.8.IamsoanxiousthatIcan’tsleepwellbeforeexams.(用倒装句改写)→________________________________________________________9.ThefruitfarmliesatthefootoftheMountYuhuangshan.(用倒装句改写)→________________________________________________________10.WewillholdtheexhibitioninthegalleryhallofourschoolonSaturdayafternoon.(用被动语态改写)→__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________SoanxiousamIthatIcan’tsleepwellbeforeexams.AtthefootoftheMountYuhuangshanliesthefruitfarm.TheexhibitionwillbeheldinthegalleryhallofourschoolonSatu