阅读理解D篇-2025年高一英语寒假专项提升（人教版）

第04讲阅读理解D篇

D

NASAwillcrashaspacecraftintoanasteroid(小行星)totrytochangeitsorbit,attemptingtopreventhumans

goingthesamewayasthedinosaurs.

Earthisconstantlybeingdisturbedbysmallpiecesofdebris(碎片)，buttheyusuallyburnuporbreakuplong

beforetheyhittheground.Onceinawhile,however,somethinglargeenoughtodosignificantdamagemakes

impact.About66millionyearsago,onesuchcrashisthoughttohavewipedoutthedinosaurs.Someday,

somethingsimilarcouldendhumanbeings—unlesswccanfindawaytotackleit.

NASA'sDoubleAsteroidRedirectionTest(Dart)missionisthefirstattempttotestifsuchasteroidredirection

isarealisticstrategy:investigatingwhetheraspacecraftcanautonomouslyreachatargetasteroidandintentionally

crashintoit,aswellasmeasuringtheamountofredirection.14Ifitworks,itwouldbeabigdeal,becauseitwould

provethatwchavethetechnicalcapabilityofprotectingourselves/*saidJayTate,thedirectoroftheNationalNear

EarthObjectInformationCenter.

The6l()kgDartspacecraftisscheduledtohelaunchedatthetarget-theDidymossystem-aharmlesspairof

asteroidsconsistingofa163metretwmoonlef,asteroidcalledDimorphosthatorbitsalarger780metreasteroid

calledDidymos(Greekfbr“twin”).TheplanistocrashthespacecraftintoDimorphoswhentheasteroidsystemis

atitsclosesttoEarth一about6.8millionmilesaway.

About10daysbeforeimpact,aminiaturizedsatellitecalledLiciaCubewillseparatefromthemainspacecraft,

enablingimagesoftheimpacttoberelayedbacktoEarth,binedwithobservationsfromgroundbasedtelescopes,

andanonboardcamerathatwillrecordthefinalmomentsbeforethe?rash,theserecordingswillenaKescientiststo

calculatethedegreetowhichtheimpacthaschangedDimorphos'sorbit.Theexpectationisthatitwillchangethe

speedofthesmallerasteroidbyapproximately1%andreduceitsorbitaroundthelargerasteroid.

Then,inNovember2024,theEuropeanSpaceAgency'sHeraspacecraftwillvisittheDidymossystemand

conductafurthercloseupanalysisoftheconsequencesof(hissnooker(斯诺克)game,recordingdetailssuchasthe

precisemakeupandinternalstructureofDimorphos,andthesizeandshapeoftheholeleftbyDart.Suchdetails

arevitalfbrtransformingasteroidredirectionintoarepeatabletechnique.

Eventhen,itisimpossiblethatanysingleredirectionstrategywouldbeenough.tkTheproblemisthatnotwo

asteroidsoretsarealike,andhowyouredirectonedependsonahugenumberofvariables.Thereisnosikcrbullet

inthisgame.Whatyouneedisawholefolderofdifferentredirectionmethodsfbrdifferenttypesoftargets.''said

Tate.

So,whilethismaybeonesmallsteptowardsplanetaryprotection,manymorearclikelytobenecessaryto

avoiddestruction.

22.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph2?

A.Toexplainthenecessityoflaunchingaspacecraft.

B.Toexaminetheimpactofdinosaurs5extinction.

C.Tohighlight(hecrisisthreateninghumanbeingsatpresent.

【＞TDshowthedamagecausedbysmallpiecesofdebris.

23.Whichofthefollowingpicturesillustrates(hemission?

Didymos

DidymosDimorphos

Dimorphos

Dartspacecraft

Didymos

Didymos

Dimorphos

Dimorphos

DartspacecraftDartspacecraft

24.WhatisthefunctionofLiciaCube?

A.Helpingthesatelliteseparatefromthespacecraft.

B.Recordingthescientists'groundbasedobservations.

C.SendingimpactdatabacktoEarth.

D.CalculatingthelengthofDimorphos'sorbit.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Thereisnosilverbulletinthisgame^^mean?

A.ThereisnopossibilitytosatisfyNASA'sneeds.

B.Thereisnochallengetoobigtoovere.

C.Thereisnostrategytohelpmakeanobviousdecision.

D.Thereisnosinglesolutiontotheplexproblem.

【答案】22.A23.C24.C25.D

【解析】这是•篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国宇航局将让•艘航天器撞击•颗小行星，试图改变它的轨

道，阻止人类毁灭。

22推理判断题。由第二段“Earthisconstantlybeingdisturbedbysmallpiecesofdebris（碎片），butiheyusually

burnuporbreakuplongbeforetheyhittheground.Onceinawhile,however,somethinglargeenoughtodo

significantdamagemakesimpact.About66millionyearsago,onesuchcrashisthoughttohavewipedoutthe

dinosaurs.Someday,somethingsimilarcouldendhumanbeings—unlesswecanfindawaytotackleit.（地球经常

被小碎片所扰动，但它们通常在落地前很久就烧毁或碎裂了。然而，有时候，大到足以造成重大损害的东

西会造成撞击。大约6600万年前.•次这样的撞击被认为消灭了恐龙。总有•天，类似的东西会毁灭人类,

除非我们能找到解决的办法）”可知第二段主要介绍了地球可能会被太空其它物体（如小行星）撞击而导致人

类毁灭的后果，结合第一段“NASAwillcrashaspacecraftintoanasteroid（小行星）totrytochangeitsorbit,

attemptingtopreventhumansgoingthesamewayasthedinosaurs.（美国宇航局将让•艘航天器撞击一颗小行

星，试图改变它的轨道，阻止人类毁灭）''可知，地球可能会被太空其它物体（如小行星）撞击而导致人类毁

灭的后果，所以美国宇航局试图改变它的轨道，试图阻止人类重蹈恐龙的覆辙。由此可推知，第二段的目

的是解释美国宇航局Dart任务的必要性。故选A项。

23细节理解题。由第四段“The61DkgDartspacecraftisscheduledtobelaunchedatthetarget—theDidymos

system—aharmlesspairofasteroidsconsistingofa163metre“moonlet“asteroidcalledDimorphosthatorbitsa

larger780metreasteroidcalledDidymos（Greekfbr“iwin"）.TheplanistocrashthespacecraftintoDimorphos

whentheasteroidsystemisatitsclosesttoEarth—about6.8millionmilesaway.（重达610千克的Dart航天器计

划发射到Fl标Didymos小行星，这是一对无害的小行星，被称伶Dimorphos的163米直径的小行星，围绕

一个直径更大、被称为Didymos（希腊语“双胞胎”）的780米小行星运转。计划是在小行星系统离地球最

近的地方---大约680万英里外----让航天器撞上Dimorphos）”可知，小行星Dimorphos绕着小夕亍星Didymos

运转，此originalorbil（原始名L道）更大；让Dart航天器在小行星系统离地球最近的地方撞上Dimorphos,会

产生neworbi（（新的轨道）：结合怪形，C项图形表明中间为小行星Didymos,较小的是小行星Dimorphos,

二者有originalorbit（原始轨道），航天器在小行星系统离地球最近的地方撞上小彳亍星Dimorphos,产生new

orbit（新的轨道）C故选C项c

24细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的“About10daysbeforeimpact,aminiaturizedsatellitecalledLiciaCubewill

separatefromthemainspacecraft,enablingimagesoftheimpacttoberelayedbacktoEarlh.（在撞击前大约10

天，一颗名为LiciaCube的小型卫星将与主航天器分离，使撞击图像能够传回地球）“可知，LiciaCube的功

能是将撞击数据发送回地球。故选C项。

25词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段划线句前后“Theproblemisthatnotwoasteroidsoretsarealike,andhowyou

redirectonedependsonahugenumberofvariables.（问题是，没有两颗小行星或彗星是一样的，你如何重新定

向一颗小行星或彗星取决于很多变星）"和"WhalyouneedisawholefblderofdilTerenlredirectionmethodsibr

differedtypesoflargets（你需要的是一整套不同类型目标的重新定向方法）”可知，重新定向一颗小行星或彗

星取决于很多变量，需要一整套不同类型目标的重新定向方法，所以解决方案并不是单一的，由此可知划

线句意为“这个复杂的问题没有单一的解决方案故选D项。

D

Dotheendlessstreamofmessagesandthethoughtofreplyingtounopenedtextsgiveyouanxiety?Canthe

giuupulialfeelsuuvciwhelminglliulyuuwaullullnuwyuuiphoneoutofthewindow?Tcxlinganxietyisaival

B.Textinganxiety:Problemsandsolutions

C.Textconversations:Strengthsandweaknesses

D.Anewperspective:Howmuchlexlingistoomuch

【答案】36.A37.D38.C39.B

【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了手机带来的信息焦虑的危害及如何缓解这种焦虑。

36推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Textinganxietyisarealthing,andmoremonthanyou'dthink.（手机信息焦虑

确实存在，并且比你想象的普遍）”可知，信息焦虑是一件普遍的事情。根据第二段中的“Theaveragepersonin

2022checkstheirphone262timesaday,upfromadailyaverageof80in2016.Overwhelmed,manyendup

consciouslyorunconsciouslyoptingout,stoppingrespondingtolovedonesandfriends.（2022年，人均每天查看

手机262次，而2016年的频率只有80次。很多人应接不暇，最终有意或无意地选择不回复亲友）“可知，人

们对手机的依赖程度越来越高，导致更大程度的焦虑，并选择开始无视手机信息。由此推知，第二段的H

的是为了更具体的说明手机信息焦虑的程度。故选A项。

37词句猜测题。根据划线词组上文“Aguirresaysthisisreflectedinaphysicalreaction,tightnessir.thechest,

tensions,orincreasedheartrate.（Aguirre表示，这种焦虑会体现在身体的反应中，胸部紧绷，紧张或是心率加

快）''说明这种焦虑会导致紧张的情绪。由此推知，划线词组。nedge是“紧张的”意思。故选D项。

38细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的"Establishingatextingschedulewithpeopleyouinteractwithfrequentlyis

onewayofreducingsomeofthestressifyouhavedifferenttextingstyles.（如果你和经常联系的人有着不同的发

消息习惯，可以与他们建立一个消息时间表，这是减轻压力的途径之一）“可知，制定一个消息时间表有助于

减轻压力。故选C项。

39主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句"Aguirresaysthisisreflectedinaphysicalreaction,tightnessir.thechest,

tensions,orincreasedhearlrate.（Aguirre表示，这种焦虑会体现在身体的反应中，胸部紧绷，紧张或是心率加

快）''及第五段第一句"Aswellasthepersonaleffects,textanxietycanputastrainonyourrelationshipswith

friendsandlovedones.（信息焦虑不仅会对个人产生影响，也会给你与亲友的关系带来负面影响）”可知，信息

焦虑有很多弊端;最后两段中的“Establishingatextingschedule（建立消息时间表）”,“limitingtheamountof

time（限制时间）”和“Youcangiveyourselfapeptalk（给自己打气）”等则给出了具体的解决方法。由此可知，本

篇主要说明的是信息焦虑带来的问题及解决办法。Textinganxiety:Problemsandsolutions（信息焦虑：问题和

解决方案）适合作本文最佳标题。故选B项。

D

WildanimalsseemtohaveescapedtheIndianOceantsunami（海啸），addingweighttotheideathatthey

possessa“sixthsense”fordisasters,expertssaidonThursday.SriLankawildlifeofficialshavesaidthegiant

wavesthatkilledover24,000peoplealongtheIndianOceanIsland'scoastseeminglymissedwildbeasts,withno

deadanimalsfound.

H.D.elcphantsarcdead,notevenadeadhareorrabbit.Ithinkanimalscansensedisaster.Theyhaveasixth

sense.Theyknowwhenthingsarehappening,MH.D.Ratnayake,deputydirectorofSriLanka,sWildlife

DepartmentsaidonWednesday.

Thewaveswashedfloodwatersupto3km（2miles）inlandatYalaNationalParkinthesoutheast,SriLanka's

biggestwildlifereserve（自然保护区）andhometohundredsofwikielephants."Therehasbeenalotofevidence

aboutdogsbarkingorbirdsmigratingbeforevolcaniceniptionsorearthquakes.Butithasnotbeenproved,“said

MatthewvanLierop,ananimalbehaviourspecialistatJohannesburgZoo."Therehavebeennospecificstudies

becauseyoucan'treallytestitinalaborfieldsetting,“hesaid.Otherauthoritiesagreedwiththisconclusion.

44Wildlifeseemstobeabletopickupcertainphenomenon,especiallybirds.Therearemanyreportsofbirds

detectingingdisasters,"saidCliveWalker,whohaswrittenseveralbooksonAfricanwildlife.

Animalscertainlyrelyontheknownsensessuchassmellorhearingtoavoiddangersuchaspredators（食肉动物）.

Theideaofananimal's"sixthsense“isalastingonethattheevidenceonSriLanka'sdamagedcoastislikelyto

addto.

12.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A.（hedamagethatwascausedintheIndianOceantsunami

B.whyanimalscansavethemselvesfromnaturaldisasters

C.howtoprotectthewildlifewhendisasterhappens

D.thedifferentopinionsaboutanimals'naturalpower

13.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Ithasbeenprovedthatanimalshaveasixthsense.

B.Researchhasbeenmadeonthespecialmovementsofanimalsbeforedisasters.

C.It'sgenerallyconsideredthatanimalscansensetheingofdisasters.

D.Itcanbetestedthatanimalshavetheknownsensetoescapefromthedisasters.

14.Whatdocstheterm“sixthsense”inthepassagemean?

A.Itisthenaturalabilityofanimalsthatcan'tsavethemfromdanger.

B.Itistheanimal'simaginationinthebrain.

C.Itissomehiddenpowertosayinadvancethatsomethingwillhappen.

D.Itisakindofsensethatisthesaneassmellorhearing.

15.Whichsectiondoesthepassagemostprobablyappearinanewspaper?

A.Entertainment.B.Discovery.C.Future.D.Culture.

【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.B

【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要讲述为什么动物可以从自然灾害中拯救自己。

12主旨大意题。根据第一段“WildanimalsseemtohaveescapedtheIndianOceantsunami（海啸）,addingweight

totheideathattheypossessa"sixthsense”fordisasters,expertssaidonThursday.（专家于本周四称，野生动物

似乎躲过了印度洋海啸的袭击，这进一步证实了动物对灾难有“第六感”的说法。厂和最后一段“Animals

certainlyrelyontheknownsensessuchassmellorhearingtoavoiddangersuchaspredators（食肉动物）.Theidea

ofananimal's"sixthsense“isalastingonethattheevidenceonSriLanka'sdamagedcoastislikelytoaddto.（动

物当然依靠已知的感宜，如嗅觉或听觉来避免危险，如捕食者。动物有“第六感”的观点是一个持久的观点，

斯里兰卡受损海岸的证据可能会进一步证明这一点。y可知全文都在围绕着“动物逃脱了海啸，是否真的有

第六感”展开，所以文章主要讲述为什么动物可以从自然灾害中拯救自己。故选B。

13细节理解题。根据第三段'"Therehasbeenalotofevidenceaboutdogsbarkingorbirdsmigratingbefore

volcaniceruptionsorearthquakes.Butithasnotbeenproved,“saidMatthewvanLicrop,ananimalbehaviour

specialistatJohannesburgZoo."Therehavebeennospecificstudiesbecauseyoucan'treallytestitinalaborfield

setting,“hesaid.Otherauthoritiesagreedwiththisconclusion.^Wildlifeseemstobeabletopickupcertain

phenomenon,especiallybirds.Therearemanyreportsofbirdsdetec:ingingdisasters,“saidCliveWalker,whohas

writtenseveralbooksonAfricanwildlife.(“有很多证据表明,在火山爆发或地震之前,狗会叫，鸟会迁徙。但

这还没有得到证实，“约翰内斯堡动物园的动物行为专家马修•范・利厄普说。他说：“目前还没有具体的研究，

因为你无法在实验室或实地环境中进行真正的测试。“其他权威人士也同意这一结论。“野生动物似乎能够捕

捉到某些现象，尤其是鸟类。有许多关于鸟类探测即将到来的灾难的报道，”克莱夫・沃克说，他写了几本关

于非洲野生动物的书。户可知人们普遍认为动物能感觉到灾难的来临，可知C选项正确，其他不符合文意，

故选C。

14H.D.H.D.第二段”"Noelephantsaredead,notevenadeadhareorrabbit.Ithinkanimalscansensedisaster.They

haveasixthsense.Theyknowwhenthingsarchappening,"H.D.Ratnayakc,deputydirectorofSriLanka's

WildlifeDepartmentsaidonWednesday.(“没有大象是死的，甚至没有一只死野兔或兔子。我认为动物可以感

知灾难。他们有第六感。他们知道什么时候事情会发生，''斯里兰卡野生动物部门副主任H.D.Ratnayake周

三说。厂和常识可知第六感是一种隐藏的力量，可以提前预知某事将会发生，故选C。

15推理判断题。文章主要讲述了印度洋海啸目前已造成成千上万人的丧生，而动物却能幸免，人们认为这

得益于动物的“第六感工由此可知，此文可能是在报纸的“发现”版面上出现，故选B。

四

D

TheFourthofJulyisanimportantdayfortheQuadCitiesRiverBandits,aMinorLeagueBaseballteam.

ThousandsoffanscrowdintoModernWoodmenParkinDavenpor,Iowa,tocheeronthehometeamandwatch

fireworks.Butitwasabitdifferentin2014,saysChesser,theBandits'manager,whenthebaseballstadiumwas

rurnedintoanislandinthemiddleoftheMississippiRiver.Fanshad(ocrossthefloodwatersonamovablebridge

toreachthestadium.

DavenportistheonlymajorcityontheupperMississippiRiverwithoutfloodwallsloholdbacktheriver.

Insteadofbuildingabarrier(障碍)betweentheriverandnearbyhomesandbusinesses.Davenportdesignedits

dov/nluwnlobefluodableliningthecity'sninemilesofliveifiont(滨涧J地区)withpaiks,biketracks,parkingIu(s,

andaverywetbaseballstadium.

Localleadershipsaysthinmethodhasewithsomeeconomicbenefits.Buildingawallwouldbeexpensive,

potentiallycostingmorethanpresentfloodcleanups.uWhentheriveresup,andthathappenseveryyearnow,we

letitlakeitsowncourse.Thereisnothingreallyintherethatcouldbedamaged,5,saysformerDavenportmayor

BillGluba.

Davenport'smethoddoeseatacosl."Whenwehaveaflood,weputoffotherimportantservices.”saysPublic

WorksDirectorNicoleGleason,''Wepressastopbuttononeverythir.gthat'sscheduled.”

Despiteplaints（抱怨）aboutslowroadrepair,theDavenportmunityrealizeswhatithasgainedwiththepublic

greenspace.Localsenjoyfrequentcitywideevents,fromfestivalsandconcertsontheriverfronttoanannual

Father'sDaybikeride.

ForresidentslikeBandits'managerChesser,themanybeautifuldaysattheriverfrontmorethanmakeupfor

thedaywhenfloodingspreadsintothecity.Tcan'tplainiffivedaysayearMotherNaturedecidestothrowusa

curveball."hesays.

12.Whydoesthewritermention“Thebaseballstadium^^InParagraphI?

A.Tointroducethetopic.B.Todrawaconclusion.

C.Toanalyzetheproblem.D.Toexplainanidea.

13.What'sspecialaboutDavenport'sfloodpreventionmethod?

A.Itdesignediniloodableriverfront.

B.Itblockedawaythefloodeffectively.

C.Itusedvaluablelandtobuildfloodwalls.

D.Itspentmuchmorethanthetraditionalway.

14.Whichstatementwill（helocalsprobablyagreewith?

A.Thecity'sfloodmethodisshortsighted

B.Thebenefitscanmakeupforfloodinfluence.

C.Thelocals'lifeishardlyaffectedbytheflood

D.Thespeedofroadrepairisextremelyfastafterflood.

15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext

A.WallingUptheCitytoFloodB.Davenport'sPeacewiththeFlood

C.AModelforCities*FloodManagementD.AmonMethodforMississippi'sFlood

【答案】12.A13.A14.B15.B

【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了达文波特发生洪水时，政府推迟了其他重要的服务，但与此同时，

达文波特当地人经常享受全市范围内的活动，从河边的节日和音乐会到一年一度的父亲节自行车骑行。

12推理判断题。根据第一段“TheFourthofJulyisanimportantdayfortheQuadCitiesRiverBandits,aMinor

LeagueBaseballteam.ThousandsoffanscrowdintoModemWoodmenParkinDavenport,Iowa,tocheeronthe

hometeamandwatchfireworks.Buiitwasabitdifferentin2014,saysChesser,theBandits'manager,when（he

baseballstadiumwastunedintoanislandinthemiddleoftheMississippiRiver.Fanshadtocrossthefloodwaters

onamovablebridgetoreachthestadium?*（7月4日对于小联盟棒球队QuadCitiesRiverBandits来说是一个

重要的日子。成千上万的球迷涌入爱荷华州达文波特的ModemWoodmen公园，为主队加油，观看烟花表演。

但在2014年，情况有点不同，Bandits的经理切塞尔说，当时棒球场变成了密西西比河中间的一座岛屿。球

迷们必须在•座可移动的桥上渡过洪水才能到达体育场。）可推知，作者在第一•段中提到“棒球场''是为了介

绍主题。故选A项。

13细节理解题。根据第二段中“Davenportdesigneditsdowntowntobefloodablc,liningthecity'sninemilesof

riverfrontwithparks,biketracks,parkinglots,andaverywetbaseballstadium.”（达文波特将市中心设计成可淹

的，在城市9英里的河滨上排列着公园、自行车道、停车场和一个非常潮湿的棒球场”）可知，达文波特

的防洪方法的特别之处是它设计在可泛滥的河边。故选A项。

14推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Localsenjoyfrequentcitywideevents,fromfestivalsandconcertsonthe

riverfronttoanannualFather'sDaybikeride."（当地人经常享受全市范围内的活动，从河边的节日和音乐会到

一年一度的父亲节自行车骑行。）以及最后一段中“ForresidentslikeBandits'managerChesser,themany

beautifuldaysattheriverfrontmorethanmakeupfbrthedaywhenfloodingspreadsintothecity."（对于彳象Bandits

的经理切塞尔这样的居民来说，在河边度过的许多美好时光足以弥补洪水蔓延到城市的那一天。）可推知，

当地人可能会同意的说法是这些好处可以弥补洪水的影响。故选B项。

15主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第四段“Davenport'smethoddoeseatacost."Whenwehaveaflood,weput

offotherimportantservices."saysPublicWorksDirectorNicoleGleason,MWepressastopbuttononeverything

thafsscheduled””（达文波特的方法是有代价的。“当我们发生洪水时，我们推迟了其他重要的服务。公共工

程总监妮可・格里森（NicoleGleason）说，“我们对所有安排好的事情都按下了停止按钮。“）和倒数第二段

“Despiteplaintsaboutslowroadrepair,theDavenportmunityrealizeswhatithasgainedwiththepublicgreen

space.Localsenjoyfrequentcitywiceevents,fromfestivalsandconcertson（heriverfronttoanannualFather's

Daybikeride.-（尽管人们抱怨道路修复缓慢，达文波特社区意识到他们从公共绿地中获得了什么。当地人

经常享受全市范围内的活动，从河边的节日和音乐会到一年一度的父亲节自行车骑行。）可知，文章主要

讲的是达文波特发生洪水时，政府推迟了其他重要的服务，但与此同时，达文波特当地人经常享受全市范

围内的活动，从河边的节日和音乐会到一年一度的父亲节自行车骑行。可推知，文章最好的标题是“达文波

特与洪水的和平共处“。故选B项。

五

D

Thedeepseaoilandgasindustryhasvastandcostlyfacilitiestomaintain.Wells,otherequipment,and

thousandsofkilometersofpipelinesmustbeinspectedandrepaired.

Now,cuUingedgeunderwaterdrones（无人机）androbotsarebeingdevelopedthatcouldmake（heworksafer

andcheaper.AmongthemisEelume,asixmeterlong,snakelikerobotequippedwithsensorsandacameraateach

end.Itcanbekeptatastationatdepthsofuptohalfakilometerforsixmonths,withoutbeingbroughtbacktothe

surface.Therobotcantravelupto20kilometersbeforeneedingtoreturntoitsstationtorecharge.

Maintenanceworkatmanydeepwaterwellsandpipelinesystemsisalreadycarriedoutbyunmannedvehicles.

Butthesevehiclestypicallyneedtobetransportedtotheoffshoresiteonafullycrewedshipandthenremotely

operatedfromonboardthesurfaceship.Thatcancostupto$IOO,（X）Operday,accordingtoPalLiljeback,chief

technologyofficerwithEelumeSubseaIntervention,whichdevelopedtherobot.Liljebiicksaysthatby“enabling

（herobottobeeasubsearesidentlivingalastation,itcanbemobilizedatanytimetodoinspections,thereby

reducingtheneedfbrcostlysurfaceships”.

Eelumecanworkautonomouslyon（asksassignedfromacontrolroomonshore,andsendbackvideoanddata.

Itssnakclikedesignallowsittoworkinsmallspacesandwriggle（扭动）itsbodytostayinplaceinstrongcurrents.

Bystayingunderthesea,itcancarryouttaskswhatevertheconditionsonthesurfaceoftheocean.

Theglobalunderwaterroboticsmarketisexpectedtobewortharound$7billionin2025,accordingtoanalysts,

andotherpaniesareintheprocessofmercializingnewdeepseadroneandrobottechnology.EelumeSubsea

InterventionwillcarryoutfinaltestingontheseabedlaterthisyearattheAsgardoilandgasfield.Itexpectstoput

itsfirstsnakerobotsintousenextyearandhopestohaveupto50inoceansaroundtheworldby2027.

22.WhatisonefeatureofEelume?

recharging.B.velnearly40kilometersbeforerecharging.B.Itcandiveasdeepas500meters.

C.Itworksmainlyaroundthestation.D.Itworksfor6monthsononecharge.

23.Whatistheproblemwithunmannedvehicles?

A.Theyaretoncostlytomaintain.RTheyarehnrdtooperateremately.

C.Theyrequiretransportationtoandfromwork.D.Theyhaveloworkonafullycrewedshipall(helime.

24.WhatcanbeexpectedofEclumcinthefuture?

A.Itwillrequirenofurthertests.B.Itwillbewortharound$7billion.

C.Itwillbeputonthemarketin2027.D.Itwillfacealotofpctitors.

25.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Asnakerobotisonitswayforunderwatertasks.

B.Eelumeisthenewchoiceforconstructingpipelines.

C.Maintenanceworkontheoceanfloorisariskyjob.

D.Unmannedvehiclesmarketinghasseenstronggrowth.

【答案】22.A23.C24.D25.A

【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍研究人员正在研发一款蛇形机器人，用于深海石油和天然气开采设备

的维护。

22细节理解题。根据第二段的“Itcanbekeptatastationatdepthsofuptohalfakilometerforsixmonths,without

beingbroughtbackto（hesurface.Therobotcantravelupto20kilometersbeforeneedingloreturnloitsstationlo

recharge.（它可以在深度达半公里的站点保留六个月，而不用被带回地面。该机器人可以行驶20公里，然后

需要返回站点充电）“可知，它在再次充电前可以运行大约40公里。故选A。

23沏节理解题。根据第三段中的“Butthesevehiclestypicallyneedtobetransportedtotheoffshoresiteonafully

crewedshipandthenremotelyoperatedfromonboardthesurfaceship.（但这些工具通常需要用一艘满我船员的

船运输到海上现场，然后在海面舰艇上远程操作）”可知，这些无人设备需要被运送到作业现场。故选C。

24推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"andotherpaniesareintheprecessofmercializingnewdeepseadroneand

robottechnology.（其他公司正在将新的深海无人机和机器人技术商业化）”推知，Eelume将面临很多的竞争对

手。故选D。

25主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第二段的“Now,cuttingedgeunderwaterdrones（无人机）androbots

arebeingdevelopedthatcouldmaketheworksaferandcheaper.AmongthemisEelume,asixmeterlcng,snakelike

robotequippedwithsensorsandacameraateachend.（现在，尖端的水下无人机和机器人的开发可以使工作更

安全、更便宜。其中包括六米长的蛇形机器人Eelume,它的两端都装有传感器和摄像头）”可知，本文介绍

研究人员正在研发一款蛇形机器人，用「深海石油和天然气开采设备的维护，即一款在水下执行任务的蛇

形机器人。故选A。

六

D

SeveraldaysofunusualwarmweatherinnorthernGreenlandhavecausedrapidmelting（融化）.“Temperalures

havebeenrunningaround12.2℃15.5℃.Itiswarmerthannormalfbrthistimeofyear,“scientistssaid.The

amountoficcthatmeltedinGreenlandbetweenJuly15andJuly17alone-6billiontonsofwaterperday—would

beenoughtofill7.2millionOlyinpicsizedswimmingpools,accordingtothereportfromtheNationalSnowand

IccDataCenter.Putanotherway,itwasenoughtocoverthewholeslateofWestVirginiawithafootofwater.

Forthescientistsoutontheicesheet（冰盖），thewannthhasbeenalarming.reallymakesmeanxious/said

KulalmisSaylani.ascientistwhoisnowworkinginGreenland.uYcsterday,wccouldhangaboutinourTshirts,

whichwasnotreallyexpected.SinceGreenlandholdsenoughice,iealevelwouldriseby7.5melersaroundthe

worldificeallmelted.”

In2020,scientistsfoundthatGreenland'sicesheethadmeltedbeyondthepointofnoreturn."Noeffortsto

preventglobalwarmingcanstopitfromfinallybreakingintosmallparts,“saidresearchers.

AslakGrinsled,aclimatescientist,saidthattheyweretryingtcgelflightsintothecampsotheycanshipout

theicccores（冰芯）theyhadrecentlycollected.Butthewarmthisdestabilizingthelandingsite."Theweatherwc

areseeingrightnowistoohotfbrtheskiequippedplanestoland,“Grinstedsaid."Sowestoretheicecoresinlarge

caveswehavemadeintothesnowtoprotectitfromtheheatofthesummer."Scientistsmadeuseoftheabnormal

wannthwhiletheywerewaiting,playingvolleyballintheirshortsonanicesheetatthe（opoftheworld.

Grinstedreferredtothetemperaturesasaheatwave,andnotedthatthepossibilityoftemperaturesgettingthis

hotwasclearlyconnectedtoglobalwarming.

12.Howdoestheauthorsupportthetopicofparagraph1?

A.Byexploringreasons.B.Bymakingparisons.

C.Bydesigning（henumbers.D.Bydoingsomeexperiments.

13.WhatdidKutalmismeaninparagraph2?

A.HedislikedwearingaTshirt.

B.Heworriedaboutthewarmth.

C.Hewasdeeplyimpressedbytheicc.

D.Hewasthirstyforenjoyingtheseaview.

14.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“destabilizing“meaninparagraph4?

A.Quitting.B.Improving.C.Sheltering.D.Destroying.

15.Whatwilltheauthorprobablydoin（hefollowingparagraph?

A.RemendvisitingGreenland.

B.Describehowtoshipoutth