Unit4Thenandnow教师讲义-沪教版八年级英语上册

教师版讲义内容U4Thenandnow知识梳理U4强化练习（课文解析&U4词转专项&U4基础强化&U4主题阅读）【课文解析】Harryisintheattic阁楼withhisgreatgrandma.Theyarechoosingitemstosellatthecarbootsale汽车尾箱集市.Harry: What'sinthisbox?Whatarealltheselittlesquares(square)?Greatgrandma: Oh!They'remycassettetapes盒式磁带.Harry: What'sacassettetape?I'veneverseen(see)onebefore.Greatgrandma:Thatcan'tbetrue(truth)!ItseemslikeonlyyesterdaythatIboughtmyfirst(one)cassette!教师补充说明：can’tbe＋形容词，表示对事物的否定猜测。肯定猜测一般使用mustbe。Itseemslike．．．看起来好像；似乎。seem为系动词，It在这里是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。此句是通过夸张用法表达时间过得很快，恍如昨日。Harry: Whatdoesitdo?Greatgrandma:Itplaysmusic.Everyoneusedtohave(have)acassetteplayer.Youputthecassetteinside(indoor/inside)themachineandmusicplays.Harry: Wow!Canweplayacassetterightnow?教师补充说明：rightnow立刻；马上，rightaway、atonce、immediatelyGreatgrandma: Mycassetteplayer(play)doesn'tworkanymore.Youcanaskyourdadtoborrow(borrow)his.教师补充说明：not．．．anymore表示“不再······”，可以和nolongerasksb．todosth．询问或者要求某人做某事，否定结构为asksb．nottodosth.。borrow...from...从······借来······sth.to.row与lend：lend是把自己的东西借给别人，和介词to连用，构成短语lendsth.to.··；borrow是从别人那里借东西，通常和介词from连用，构成borrowsth.from...。lend的含义是“借出”，borrow的含义是“借入”。borrowsth．fromsb．从某人那里借到某物，与lendsth．tosb．把某物借给某人相对应。Harry: Dadhasonetoo?!Greatgrandma: Yes!Iboughthimonewhen(when/while)hewasalittleboy.Hejustlovedit.Harry: Ilikelisteningtomusictoo.Ihavetonsofsongsonmysmartphone.Greatgrandma: SMART?Phonescanthinknow?Technologyhasgone(go)sofarsinceIwas(be)young!教师补充说明：hasgonesofar表示“发展到了如此的程度”或“取得了如此大的进步”。go在这里作不及物动词，表示“发展，进步”。Lifein19thcenturyBritainItwasthebestoftimes;itwastheworstoftimes.CharlesDickensThe19thcenturysawgreatchangesinBritain.Industry[ˈɪndəstri]grewfastandmorejobswerecreated(create).Progressintechnologymadetravelandmunicationmucheasier(easy).Livesofordinary[ˈɔːdnri]peoplewerealsochangeddramatically(drama),bothforthebetterandfortheworse(bad).教师补充说明：makeprogress取得进步economic／scientific／technicalprogress经济的／科学的／技术的进步makesth.+adj.使······怎么样，much作为程度副词修饰形容词比较级easierTrasportAtthebeginning(begin)ofthe19thcentury,therewerenobusesorrailwaysinLondon.Ordinarypeoplewalkedtoworkandrarely(rare)travelledfarfromhome.Overthenextfewdecades(decade),horsebusesandrailwaytrainsbecamepopular.Thedevelopment(develop)ofpublictransportbrought(bring)newchancesfortravelling,carryinggoodsanddevelopingbusinesses.教师补充说明：atthebeginningof．．．在······的开始farfromsp．距离······很远，和farawayfromsp．over表示在持续的一段时间之后；超过LivingconditionsAnother(another/other/theother)majorchangewasthegrowth(grow)ofcities.Manypeoplemovedfromthecountrysideintofastgrowingcities.Although(conj.)thereweremorenewchancesinthecity,livingconditions(生活条件)therewereunpleasant(pleasant)formostpeople.Large[lɑːdʒ]familieswithfiveorsixchildrenlivedinoneortworooms.Fewhomeshadabathroomwithatoilet,bath,orevenrunningwater.Theconditionsoutsidethehomeswerealsoextremely(extreme)bad.Theairwasfoggy.Thestreetsweredirtyandsmelly(smell).Theriverswereheavilypolluted.教师补充说明：living／housing／workingconditions生活／住房／工作条件inbad／good／excellentcondition处于糟糕的／良好的／极佳的状态；outofcondition健康状况不佳movefrom．．．into／to．．．从······搬迁到······LifeofchildrenNotallchildrenwenttoschool.Childrenfromwealthy(wealth)familiesreceivededucation[ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn]andwereencouragedtolearn(learn)musicandforeignlanguages.Childrenfrompoorfamilies,however,werenotsolucky.Manybecamechildworkers.Theyworkedlonghoursinplaceslikefactoriesandmines(mine),andeventhesmallest(small)mistakecouldresultinseverepunishments(punish).resultin造成；导致leadto造成；导致causev.引起；导致Lifemovesfast.Today'sworldisalotdifferentfromthepast.Butstill,itisimportanttolearnaboutthepastifabetterfutureistobecreated.教师补充说明：alot作为副词来修饰形容词different，通常放在形容词前面，表示程度上的强调，此处意思是“非常不同”或“有很大的不同”。alot也可以放在动词后面修饰动词。Mygreatgrandmaoftentellsmeaboutlifeinthepast.Youcan’timagine[ɪˈmædʒɪn]howdifferentitwas.Whenshewasachild,peoplelivedinhouseswithoutelectricity.Theyburned(burn)woodtokeepwarmandhadnomachinestohelpwithcookingorcleaning.Lifetodayismucheasier.Weuseelectricheaters(heater)towarmthehouseandhavemachinesdothehousework(housework).教师补充说明：imaginedoingsth．想象做某事burndown烧毁；火势减弱；burnup烧起来；烧掉；使大怒electric和electrical虽然都与电有关，但它们的用法和语义有所不同。electric用于修饰具体设备或工具，表示这些设备或工具是由电驱动的。electrical用于描述与电相关的领域、学科或属性。havesb．／sth．dosth．使某人／某物做某事，强调使役关系Intheolddays,manyschoolshadonlyoneroom,wherechildrenofdifferentageslearnedtogether.Today,schoolsaremuchlarger(large).Thereareclassrooms,librariesandevenlabs.It’samazinghowmuchlifehaschanged(change)!NewforoldModerntechnologyhasbroughtancientbooksbackfornewreaders.AteamfromauniversityinTianjinhasusedscannerstomakedigital(digit)copiesofmorethan20,000ancientbooks.Themostrecentbookisover70yearsoldandtheoldest(old)morethan300yearsold.Laser激光technologyisused(use)tocreate3Ddigitalmodelsforimportantoldbuildings(building).OnesuccessstoryhasbeentheKasubiTombs卡苏比王陵inUganda乌干达.Adigitalcopyofthetombswasmadebefore(before/after)afiredestroyedthem.Thishelpsrebuild(build)thetombs.MuseumsaroundtheworldareusingAR(augmentedreality增强现实技术)tobringancientobjectstolife(live).AmuseuminParisheld(hold)aspecialARexhibitionin2021.Visitorscouldefacetofacewithdigitalanimalsthatnolongerexistintherealworld.教师补充说明：Museumsaroundtheworld世界各地的博物馆，around为介词，介词短语作后置定语修饰museums。bring…tolife把······赋予生命facetoface面对面地，合成副词【U4单词】单词音标词性释义memory/ˈmeməri/n.记忆seldom/ˈseldəm/adv.不常；很少；难得nowadays/ˈnaʊədeɪz/adv.现今；现在；目前truck/trʌk/n.卡车；货运汽车wide/waɪd/adj.宽的；宽阔的modern/ˈmɒdn/adj.现代的；近代的highway/ˈhaɪweɪ/n.公路stay/steɪ/n.停留；逗留（时间）tape/teɪp/n.磁带；录像带player/ˈpleɪə(r)/n.播放机inside/ˌɪnˈsaɪd/prep.在（或向）…内；在（或向）……里anymoreadv.（常用于否定句和疑问句句末）再也（不），（不）再borrow/ˈbɒrəʊ/v.借；借用imagine/ɪˈmædʒɪn/v.想象；设想roll/rəʊl/n.卷；卷轴record/ˈrekɔːd/n.唱片business/ˈbɪznəs/n.公司；商业except/ɪkˈsept/prep.除……之外belong/bɪˈlɒŋ/v.应在（某处）belongtosb属于某人；归某人所有century/ˈsentʃəri/n.世纪；百年worst/wɜːst/adj.最差的；最坏的；最糟的industry/ˈɪndəstri/n.工业progress/ˈprəʊɡres/n.进步；进展ordinary/ˈɔːdnri/adj.普通的；平凡的dramatically/drəˈmætɪkli/adv.突然地；巨大地；令人吃惊地rarely/ˈreəli/adv.罕有；很少；不常decade/ˈdekeɪd/n.十年development/dɪˈveləpmənt/n.发展；成长；壮大develop/dɪˈveləp/v.（使）成长，发展，壮大condition/kənˈdɪʃn/n.状况；状态livingconditions生活条件major/ˈmeɪdʒə(r)/adj.主要的；重要的growth/ɡrəʊθ/n.增长countryside/ˈkʌntrisaɪd/n.乡村；农村although/ɔːlˈðəʊ/conj.虽然；尽管unpleasant/ʌnˈpleznt/adj.令人不快的；不舒服的large/lɑːdʒ/adj.大的；大规模的；大量的bath/bɑːθ/n.浴缸；洗澡extremely/ɪkˈstriːmli/adv.极其；非常smelly/ˈsmeli/adj.有难闻气味的；有臭味的wealthy/ˈwelθi/adj.富有的；富裕的education/ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn/n.教育foreign/ˈfɒrən/adj.外国的mine/maɪn/n.矿井；矿resultin造成；导致severe/sɪˈvɪə(r)/adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的punish/ˈpʌnɪʃ/v.处罚；惩罚punishment/ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/n.惩罚；处罚burn/bɜːn/v.燃烧；烧heater/ˈhiːtə(r)/n.加热器；炉子；热水器housework/ˈhaʊswɜːk/n.家务劳动；家务事.【U4词转】businessn.公司;商业→busyadj.忙碌的→businessman/businesswomann.商人/女商人belongv.应在（某处）→belongingn.附属品,附件burn→burnt/burnedburnt/burnedv.燃烧;烧→burningadj.燃烧的;火热的bathn.浴缸;洗澡→bathroomn.洗手间;浴室municatev.交流→municationn.交流→municablea.可交流的→municativea.交流的convenienta.方便的→conveniencen.方便→inconvenienta.不方便的→inconveniencen.不方便conditionn.状况;状态→conditionaladj.附带条件的;条件的dramaticallyadv.突然地;巨大地;令人吃惊地→dramaticadj.戏剧的;激动人心的→draman.戏剧developv.(使)成长,发展,壮大→developmentn.发展;成长;壮大→developeda.发达的→undevelopeda.不发达的extremelyadv.极其;非常→extremeadj.极度的;极大的educationn.教育→educationaladj.教育的;有关教育的→educatev.教育→educatorn.教育学家exceptprep.除···之外→exceptionn.例外;例外的事物foreignadj.外国的→foreignern.外国人growthn.增长→growv.成长;长大heatern.加热器;炉子;热水器→heatn.热度v.把···加热imaginev.想象;设想→imaginationn.想象;想象力industryn.工业→industriala.工业的→industrializev.工业化improvev.改善→improvementn.改善→improveda.改进的large→largerlargestadj.大的;大规模的;大量的→enlargev.使···扩大;扩充memoryn.记忆→memorize/memorisev.记住;熟记modernadj.现代的;近代的→modernizev.使现代化→modernizationn.现代化majoradj.主要的;重要的→majorn.某专业的学生;主修科目→majorityn.大部分;大多数minen.矿井;矿→minern.矿工;采矿者→mineraln.矿物;矿物质ordinaryadj.普通的;平凡的→ordinarilyadv.一般情况下;通常地→extraordinaryadj.不平常的;卓越的punishv.处罚;惩罚→punishmentn.惩罚;处罚progressn.进步→progressv.进步→progressivea.进步的playern.播放机→playn.戏剧v.玩耍;播放→playlistn.播放清单recordn.唱片→recordv.录音记录;记载→recordern.录音机;记录器→recordingn.录音→recordeda.记录的rarelyadv.罕有;很少;不常→rareadj.稀少的;罕见的smellyadj.有难闻气味的;有臭味的→smelln.气味v.闻到;嗅到（气味）severeadj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的→severelyadv.严厉地;严重地→severerseveresttransportv.运输→transportationn.交通→transportivea.运输的technologyn.技术→technologicala.技术的→technologizev.技术化unpleasantadj.令人不快的;不舒服的→pleasantadj.令人愉快的;吸引人的→pleasuren.快乐；愉快usev.使用→usagen.用处→usablea.使用的wideadj.宽的;宽阔的→widelyadv.广泛地→widenv.（使）变宽,加宽wealthyadj.富有的;富裕的→wealthn.财富;财物workv.工作→workern.工人→workinga.工作的【U4词转专项练习】Humanbeingsusedfiretocookfoodformany______________.(century)Mobilephonesare______________usedinourdailylivesnow,likemakingphonecalls,payingandreading.(wide)Whatdoyouthinkofthefilmlastnight?Notsogood.Infact,itisthe______________oneIhaveeverseenbefore.(bad)ThegamebetweenEnglandandFrancehada______________ending.(dramatically)Storesarelosingtheircustomersbecauseofthe______________oftheInternet.(develop)1.centuries2.widely3.worst4.dramatic5.developmentDon'tthrowrubbisheverywhere,ortherewillbean______________smellaroundyourhouse.(pleasant)Somepeoplebelievethatiftheyare______________,theywillbeabletodoanythingtheywant.(wealth)HemadeJohnwashthecarforaweekasa______________.(punish)Inthe19thcentury,manyfamilieslivedinsmallhouseswithout_________,andtheyusedcandlesforlight.(electric)The____________ofpublictransportinthe19thcenturymadeiteasierforpeopletotravellongdistances.(develop)6.unpleasant7.wealthy8.punishment9.electricity10.developmentThe______________ofriversinthe19thcenturymadethewaterunsafetodrink.(pollute)Moderntechnologyhasmade______________muchfasterandeasierthanbefore.(municate)The_____________oftheInternethaspletelychangedthewaywemunicateandaccessinformation.(invent)Inthepast,people______________onhorsesandcarriagesfortransportation.(rely)Theweatherhaschanged______________inthelastfewdays.(drama)11.pollutionmunication13.invention14.relied15.dramaticallyJennyesfroma______________familyandhasneverexperiencedrealhardship.(wealth)Weareseeingthe______________ofanewgenerationofsmartdevices.(develop)The______________smellintheroommademefeelsick.(please)Different______________havedifferentwaysofcelebratingfestivals.(family)Cosmetics（化妆品）arestillused______________acrosstheworldtodaybywomenandevenbymen.(wide)16.wealthy17.development18.unpleasant19.families20.widelyShewasgoingtogetthecollege______________thatshehadlookedforwardto.(educate)The______________ishavingafriendlytalkwiththegirlinblue.(foreign)George'smotherwillnever______________himifhetellsthetruth.(punishment)MrZhouisaChinese______________whostartspanies.(business)Somekids______________knowhowtocontrolthemselvesinfrontofaputer.(rare)21.education22.foreigner23.punish24.businessman25.rarelyWeallknowthateatingvegetablesisgoodforchildren's______________andhealth.(grow)Someplantspumpout______________chemicalstokeepinsectsaway.(smell)Iusea______________tolistentomyfavouritemusic.(play)Many______________areattendingtheinternationaltradefair.(business)Ourcityhasmany______________areaswherefactoriesmakedifferentthings.(industry)26.growth27.smelly28player；29.businessmen；30.industrial；Theteacheraskedusto______________thepicturesowecouldseeitbetter.(large)Chinaisa______________countrywithalargepopulation.(develop)Theweatheris______________hottoday,soweshoulddrinkmorewater.(extreme)Outofalltheseasons,hethinkswinteristhe______________becauseofthecold.(bad)Theinventionofthesteamengine______________changedthetransportationmethodsinthe19thcentury.(dramatic)31.enlarge；32.developing；33.extremely34worst35.dramaticallyPropersunlightandwaterareessentialforthe______________ofhealthyplants.(grow)Hefoundthetasteofthemedicineso______________thatherefusedtotakeitagain.(pleasant)It's______________importanttofollowthesafetyinstructionswhenconductingexperimentsinthelab.(extreme)Sheacceptedthe______________withoutplaint,knowingshehadbrokentheteam'strust.(punish)It'shardto______________howpeoplelivedwithoutphonesinthepast.(imagination)36.growth37.unpleasant38.extremely39.punishment40.imagineItwasbyfarthe______________speechhehadevermadeinpublic.(bad)Manyadultschoosetopursuefurther______________togetbettercareerchances.(educate)The______________wereamazedatthesceneryintheZhangjiajieNationalForestPark.(foreign)Theguidestudiedthemap,tryingto______________thewaytothecave.(memory)Itcould______________affectthechild'sbraindevelopment.(severe)41.worst42.education43.foreigners44.memorize45.severelyThecarelessdriverwas______________fordisobeyingthetrafficrules.(punish)From2010to2020,thenumberoftheunemployed______________byalmost2million.(growth)Theweatherwas______________cold,sowestayedindoors.(extreme)She______________goestothemoviesbecausesheprefersreadingbooks.(rare)Itwasraining______________,sowedecidedtostayhome.(heavy)46.punished47.grew48.extremely49.rarely50.heavilyThe______________oftheplantswasquiteclearafteraweekofwatering.(grow)The______________ofnewtechnologieshaschangedthewaywelive.(develop)Thesituation______________improvedafterthenewrulesweremade.(dramatic)Thisisthe______________stormwe'vehadalltheseyears.(bad)The______________smellintheroommadeeveryonefeelunfortable.(pleasant)21.growth52.development53.dramatically54.worst55.unpleasantThe______________rubbishneededtobetakenoutimmediately.(smell)The______________businessmandonatedalargeamountofmoneytocharity.(wealth)Agood______________isveryimportantforasuccessfulcareer.(educate)Theteachergavethestudenta______________forbreakingtheschoolrules.(punish)56.smelly57wealthy58.education59.punishment【U4Thenandnow知识梳理】dramaticallyadv.突然地；巨大地；令人吃惊地exceptprep.除…之外【辨析】except，exceptfor，exceptthat与besides①except表示“除了…之外，不再有…”，用于排除某个特定的项目或情况。②exceptfor用于指出某个特定的例外情况，强调某个细节或部分的例外。③exceptthat后接从句，说明某个例外的情况或原因。④besides表示“除了…之外，还有…”，表示添加或补充。journeyn.旅行makelongjourneys（进行）长途旅行【辨析】trip，tour与journey①trip通常指往返的旅行。abusinesstrip出差②tour多指游览多地的旅游、旅行。atourofAustria奥地利之旅③journey尤指长途旅行。alonganddifficultjourneyacrossthemountains漫长而艰难的翻山之旅majoradj.主要的；重要的mainadj.主要的；最重要的ordinaryadj.普通的；平凡的【辨析】ordinary与mon①ordinary与mon都可以表示“普通的”或“常见的”，描述某事物没有特别之处。ordinary一般只能用作定语，mon则通常没有使用位置的限制。Coldsarequitemoninwinter.（✓）感冒在冬季常发。Coldsarequiteordinaryinwinter.（x）感冒在冬季常发。②mon还有“共同的”之意，ordinary则没有该含义。overprep.在…期间during意思相近recordn./ˈrekɔːd/唱片；纪录；记录v./rɪˈkɔːd/记录；录制severeadj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的【辨析】severe与serious①两者都可以表示“严重的”，常常可以互换使用。②severe表示的严重程度高于serious，它强调程度上的极端性，表示某事物达到了令人难以忍受或难以应对的程度。另外，serious还可以用于描述人的态度或行为非常严肃或认真。worstadj.最差的；最坏的；最糟的n.（可能发生的）最严重的事；最坏的部分（或情况、可能性等）Worstofall最糟糕的是①worst是形容词bad的最高级形式。②worst还可以作副词，是副词badly的最高级形式，表示“最坏；最糟；最严重”之意。【重要词汇运用】Thesituationchangeddramaticallyinthelasttenminutesofthefootballgame.足球赛的最后十分钟，比赛形势发生了巨大变化。EveryonewentexceptTom.除了汤姆，大家都去了。Ilikeallfruitsexceptbananas.我喜欢所有水果，除了香蕉。Thereportisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.报告很好，只是有一些拼写错误。Thebookisinterestingexceptthatitisabittoolong.这本书很有趣，只是有点太长了。BesidesJohn，wealsoinvitedSarah.除了约翰，我们还邀请了萨拉。Thejourneywaslongbutinteresting.旅途很长但很有趣。Shemakeslongjourneystovisitherfamilyabroadeveryyear.她每年都会长途旅行去看望她远在海外的家人。Englishisamajorlanguageinthispany.在这家公司里，英语是一种主要语言。Themajor／mainproblemofthisplanisalackoffunds.这项计划的主要问题是缺乏资金。Heisanordinarypersonwhoworksfrom9a.m.to5p.m．他是一个普通人，做着朝九晚五的工作。Sheleadsamonlife／anordinarylife.她过着普通人的生活。Theyhaveamoninterestinmusic.他们对音乐有共同的兴趣。Over／Duringthenextfewdays，theygottoknowthetownwell.在之后几天中，他们逐渐熟悉了这个小镇。Iboughtarecordofmyfavouritesinger.我买了一张最喜欢的歌手的唱片。Sheholdstheworldrecordforthe100metres．她保持着100米的世界纪录。Youshouldkeeparecordofyourexpenses.你应该记下各项开支。Thecaraccidentwassevere.这次车祸很严重。Theeconomicdownturnhashadasevere/seriousimpactontheindustry.经济衰退对工业产生了严重影响。Theseverestormcausedalotofdamage.这场严重的风暴造成了大量损失。Heisaseriousstudentandalwaysstudieshard.他是一个认真学习的学生。Thisistheworstdayofmylife.这是我生命中最糟糕的一天。Worstofall，Ilostthewatchmyfatherhadgivenme.最糟糕的是，我把父亲送给我的表弄丢了。Theworstofthestormwasover.最厉害的一阵风暴过去了。allovertheworld全世界；世界各地=throughouttheworldanymoreadv.（常用于否定句和疑问句句末）再也（不），（不）再atthebeginningof在…的开始；在…之初attheendof在…的结尾；在…之末beusedtodosth被用来…beusedtodosth是被动语态的用法，强调某物的用途。要注意与usedtodosth（过去常做某事）的差别。belongtosb属于某人；归某人所有beencouragedtodosth被鼓励做某事这是encourage的被动语态用法，强调被鼓励的行为，鼓励的对象在前文中已被提及。burndown烧毁（建筑物等）burnup烧光；烧尽burnout烧毁（设备等）②burnoff烧掉（脂肪等）gosofar发展到如此程度；进展到如此地步esofar或progresssofar表达类似的含义havesbdosth要（或安排）某人做某事have后接宾语再接动词不定式时，动词不定式不能加to。intheolddays在过去；在很久以前makeprogress取得进展resultin造成；导致【辨析】leadto与resultin①两者都可以表示“导致”或“引起”，在许多情况下可以互换使用。②leadto用法更灵活，可以用于表示某事物或行为导致某种结果，也可以用于表示某条路径或方向通向某个地方。resultin更强调结果的产生，通常用于更正式的书面语境。seemlike看起来像；似乎seemlike后也可以跟从句，表示可能性seem的常见用法还有：①后接形容词，用于描述某人或某事给人的印象或感觉。②后接动词不定式，表示某事发生的可能性。③后接that引导的从句，表示印象或者可能性④后接asif／though引导的从句，表示印象或感觉。tonsof大量的；许多tonsof使用的是夸张的表达手法。在意义上，它与alargenumber／amountof或many／much相近，但语气上更加强烈。【重要词组运用】Theenvironmentalmovementhasgainedsupportallovertheworld.这项环保运动在世界范围内获得了支持。I’mfullandIdon’twanttoeatanymore.我饱了，不想再吃了。Atthebeginningoftheyear,wesetourgoalsforthenexttwelvemonths.在年初，我们设定了未来十二个月的目标。Atthebeginningofthefilm，theleadingroleisintroduced.电影的开头介绍了主角。Booksareusedtogainknowledge.我们用书来获取知识。Heusedtoreadalotofbooks.他以前会读很多书。Thecarbelongstome.这辆车是我的。Studentsareencouragedtotakepartinextracurricularactivities.学生们被鼓励参加课外活动。Thefactorywasburneddownlastnight.工厂昨晚被烧毁了。Thepaperburnedupinthefire.纸在火中烧光了。Theelectricalshortcircuitburnedoutthemotor.电路短路烧毁了电机。Exercisecanhelpyouburnoffexcessfat.运动可以帮助你燃烧多余的脂肪。Educationhasgonesofarthatonlinelearningisnowverymon.教育发展至今，在线学习已十分普及。Theteamhase／progressedsofarintheirresearch.团队在研究中取得了如此巨大的进展。Hehadtheguardsthrowthemoutoftheclub.他叫保安人员把他们轰出了俱乐部。Lifewassimplerintheolddays.过去的生活更简单。Hehasmadegreatprogressinhisstudiesthisyear.今年，他在学业上取得了很大的进步。Longscreentimecanresultinpooreyesight.长时间使用电子设备会导致视力不好。Apoordietandalackofexercisecanleadto/resultinhealthproblems.不良饮食和缺乏锻炼可能导致健康问题。Thispathleadstothelake.这条小路通向湖边。Thepany’spoormanagementresultedinagreatloss.公司的管理不善导致了重大损失。Itseemslikeagoodidea.这听上去是个好主意。Sheseemslikeaniceperson.她看起来是个好人。Itseemslikeitmightrainlater.看起来稍后可能会下雨。Thesolutionseemseffective.这个解决方案看起来很有效。Itseemstobeagooddayforapicnic.看起来今天的好天气很适合野餐。Itseemsthatthesolutionworkswell.看起来这个解决方案效果很好。Heseemsasif／thoughhehasseenthisboybefore.他貌似以前见过这个男孩。Ihavetonsofworktodothisweekend.这个周末我有很多工作要做。Therearetonsofreasonstovisitthiscity.有很多理由去参观这座城市。Butstill,itisimportanttolearnaboutthepastifabetterfutureistobecreated.但是，如果要创造一个更美好的未来，了解过去是很重要的。划线部分中，使用了一种特殊的表达将来含义的结构：be动词＋动词不定式。这种结构通常用于表达意图、安排或必然性，强调某个动作或事件在未来会发生。划线部分的动词不定式部分使用了被动语态，强调“更美好的未来要被创造出来”。由于“be动词＋动词不定式”通常被认为是用现在时表达将来的含义，因此可以被用于if或when等引导的状语从句中。SheistostarthernewjobonMonday.她打算在周一开始她的新工作。Themeetingistobeheldtomorrow.会议安排在明天举行。【U4强化】pletethepassagebyusingthewordsandphraseintheboxintheirproperforms.用方框中所给单词和短语的适当形式完成短文。tape inside borrowseemlikeimagine film record businessLifeinthepastwasverydifferentfromtoday.Let'stakeatripbackintime!Inthe1980s,whenpeoplelistenedtomusicathome,theywouldmostlyputthe(1)___________________intoacassetteplayerandpressPLAY.Ifyouwantedtohearasongagain,youhadtorewindit—noskippingtracks!Somehomesstillhada(2)___________________playerforplayingvinyl(黑胶唱片).Thesoundwaswarm,butscratchescouldruinthemusic.Backthen,familiesoftengatheredaroundasmallTVsettowatchfilms.Theycouldn'tstream(流播)anything.Iftheywantedtowatchaspecificfilm,theyhadto(3)___________________avideotapefromastore.Takingphotoswashardertoo.Camerasused(4)___________________thatcouldonlytake24or36picturesforeachroll.Youhadtowaitfordaystoseethephotos(5)___________________thedarkroom(冲洗胶片的暗室).Andcanyou(6)___________________lifewithoutsmartphones?Peoplewrotelettersorusedpayphones.Small(7)___________________,likegrocerystores,didn'thavedigitalcashiers.Itmight(8)___________________aslowerworld,butitwasfullofsimplejoys.1.tape2.record3.borrow4.film5.inside6.imagine7.business8.seemlikeFigureoutthepartofspeechandthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordineachsentence.写出句中划线单词的词性和词义。1.Wewatchedaninterestingfilmlastnight. __________________Thedirectordecidedtofilmthesceneagaintogetitperfect.__________________2.Theywalkedalongtheriverbank.__________________ Sheworksatabankasateller.__________________ 3.Theleadactorintheplayisveryfamous.__________________Shewillleadtheteamtovictory.__________________4.Hebroketheworldrecordforthe100metredash.__________________Sherecordedthemeetingsowecouldlistentoitlater.__________________ 5.Thechildrenlovetoplayinthepark.__________________Sheplayedthepianobeautifullyattheconcert.__________________1．n．电影v．拍摄2．n．堤岸n．银行3．n．主角v．带领4．n．纪录v．录制5．v．玩耍v．弹奏Fillintheblankswiththeverbsintheirproperforms(用所给动词的适当形式填空)1.BeforetheInternet_________________,peoplehadtorelyonbooksforinformation.(exist)2.Theoldman_________________howheusedtotravelbyhorseandcarriage.(recall)3.Whentheteacher_________________thehistoryoftechnology,thestudentswerefascinated.(explain)4.Thescientist_________________thatfuturehomeswouldbepoweredbysolarenergy.(predict)5.Inthepast,people_____________________accesstomodernentertainmentlikestreamingservices.(not/have)6.Theinventionoftheairplane_____________________thewaypeopletravelaroundtheworld.(revolutionize)1.existed2.recalled3.explained4.predicted5.didnothave6.hasrevolutionized【U4主题阅读】Readthepassageandpletethetasks.阅读短文,完成任务。ChinesebeliefsaboutcoloursDifferentcolours,differentmeaningsWhenyouseecolours,somefeelingsorimagesmayetomind.Forculturesaroundtheworld,coloursaresymbols.Theirmeanings,though,arenotthesameineachculture.FortheChinese,somecolourshavespecialmeanings.InancientChina,theheavensweresaidtobedescribedasXuan,amysteriousblack.Itshowedtheuniversealwayschangedinmysteriousways.Blackwasalsothecolourrelatedtodeath.Redwasthecolourofgoodfortuneandjoy.Therefore,itwasseeneverywhereduringcelebrationssuchasweddings,birthdays,andtheChineseNewYear.Greenwasthecolourofspring,anditrepresentedenergyandstrength.Whitewasasymbolofbrightnessandpurity.Italsosymbolizeddeath,sopeopleworewhitewhentheirlovedonesdied.Yellowwasconsideredtobeapowerfulcolour.TheChineseemperorsworeyellowandlivedinpalaceswithyellowroofs.Someofthesecolourbeliefsremaintothisday,andtheChinesecontinuetofollowthem.Forexample,peoplestilluseredforcelebrations——likegivingmoneyasgiftsinredenvelopesduringtheChineseNewYear.Thetraditionalcolourbeliefshelpconnecttoday'sChinatoitsancientpast.Whatdocoloursmeantoothercultures?AretheysimilartotheChinesebeliefsabove?Choosethebestanswer.选择最恰当的答案。()1.Thispassageismainlyabout____________.A.whycoloursarespecialaroundtheworldB.whatcertaincoloursmeantandmeantotheChineseC.howeverycountryhasdifferentbeliefsaboutcoloursD.howcoloursshowedaperson'ssocialpositioninChina()2.WhatdidthecolouryellowmeantotheChinese?A.Itwasthecolourofthesun.B.Itwasasymbolofpower.C.Itwasasymbolofenergyandstrength.D.Itwasthecolourofbrightnessandpurity.()3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthispassage?A.Peopleworegreenclothesinwinter.B.Littlegirlshadtowearwhitedresses.C.Peopleworeredclothesonhappyoccasions.D.ThecolourtraditionsinChinahavedisappeared.()4.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“fortune”inparagraph2?A.time B.money C.luck D.pride1.B2.B3.C4.CAnswerthequestions.回答问题。1.WhatdidXuanshow?2.WhatdidthecolourgreenrepresenttoChinesepeople?3.WhatexampledoesthewritergivetoshowredisstillacolourofcelebrationinChinatoday?1.Itshowedtheuniversealwayschangedinmysteriousways.2.Itrepresentedenergyandstrength.3.Peoplegivemoneyasgiftsinredenvelopes.选择题答案与解析答案：B定位：全文核心内容（第1段明确“FortheChinese,somecolourshavespecialmeanings”，第2段介绍古代中国颜色的含义，第3段说明部分含义延续至今）。解析：文章围绕“中国人对特定颜色的传统含义及部分含义的延续”展开。A选项“世界范围的颜色特殊性”、C选项“每个国家的颜色信仰”均超出文章范围（文章重点是中国，非全球）；D选项“颜色体现社会地位”仅黄色提及，并非主旨，故B正确。答案：B定位：第2段最后两句：“Yellowwasconsideredtobeapowerfulcolour.TheChineseemperorsworeyellowandlivedinpalaceswithyellowroofs.”解析：原文直接指出黄色是“powerful”（有力量的），即象征权力。A选项“太阳的颜色”文章未提及；C选项“能量与力量”是绿色的含义；D选项“明亮与纯洁”是白色的含义，故B正确。答案：C定位：第2段“Redwasthecolourofgoodfortuneandjoy.Therefore,itwasseeneverywhereduringcelebrations...”；第3段“peoplestilluseredforcelebrations...”解析：“happyoccasions”（喜庆场合）与原文“celebrations”（庆典）