(名师伴你行)2017版高三英语大一轮复习课时作业8-adventure-含解析

课时作业(八)AdventureA卷Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Hopesarefadingforthe________(survive)ofthemissingclimbers.2．I'm________(comfortable)beingintroducedtoanewperson.3．Thehotelprovides________(accommodate)forupto100people.4．The________(similar)betweenthetwostoriessuggestsMarywrotethemboth.5．Therearealarge________(various)ofhouseholdimplementsonsaleinthemarket.6．Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer________sheneededtodecidewhattodo.7．Weshouldputawayour________(differ)andworktogetherforourcommongoal.8．Thebookpriceislowifyoubuythebooksinlarge________(quantity)．9．QiBaishi________(observation)theworldofnatureverycarefully,andhispaintingsarespecialbecauseofthis.10．Mytimeis________(limit)nowthatIhaveababy.11．Thisistheverybus________I'mwaitingfor.12．Lookout！Don'tgettooclosetothehouse________roofisunderrepair.13．Alltheneighborsadmirethisfamily，________theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.14．Weshouldn'tspendourmoneytestingsomanypeople，mostof________arehealthy.答案：1．survival2.uncomfortable3．accommodation4.similarity5．variety6.where7.differences8．quantities9.observed10.limited11.that12.whose13.where14．WhomⅡ.完成句子1．Havingbeenillinbedfornearlyamonth，__________thedrivingtest.卧病在床接近一个月的时间，她在通过驾驶考试方面有些困难。2．Heis________________________byhimself.他太小而无法自己去上学。3．Heisnotintheclassroom.______________?他不在教室。你认为他去哪儿了？4．Icreatedawayto________mymessage__________whileusingasfewwordsaspossible.我想出了一种能言简意赅地表达自己的意思的方法。5．Hepromisedthathewouldcome,buthe______________yet.他承诺他会来的，但他还没露面。答案：1．shehassomedifficulty(in)passing2.tooyoungtoattendschool3.Wheredoyouthinkhe'sgone4．get；across5.hasn'tturnedupⅢ.阅读理解(2016·沈阳教学质量检测)Beingphysicallyactivethreetimesaweekreducestheoddsofbeingdepressedbyabout16%，accordingtonewUCLresearchcarriedoutaspartofthePublicHealthResearchCentre.Thestudy，publishedinJAMAPsychiatry，foundatwo­wayrelationshipbetweendepressionandphysicalactivity.Peoplewhoincreasedtheirweeklyactivitywerereportedtohavefewerdepressivesymptomsbutthosewithmoredepressivesymptomswerelessactive，particularlyatyoungerages.Researchersfollowed11,135peoplebornin1958upuntiltheageof50，recordingdepressivesymptomsandlevelsofphysicalactivityatregularintervalsinadulthood.Theyfoundthateachadditionalactivityperiodperweekreducedoddsofdepressionby6%.InEngland19%ofmenand26%ofwomenarecurrentlyclassedas“inactive”，andthisstudysuggeststhatactivitycouldsignificantlyimprovetheirmentalaswellasphysicalhealth.“Assumingtheassociationiscausal，physicalactivityhasaprotectiveeffectagainstdepression.Ifanadultbetweenhistwentiesandfortieswhoisn'tphysicallyactivebecameactive3timesperweek，hewouldreducehisrisksofdepressionbyabout16%，”saidDrSnehaloftheUCLInstituteofChildHealth，leadauthorofthestudy.ProfessorMark，DirectorofthePublicHealthResearchCentre，said：“Manypeoplearealreadyawareofthebenefitsofphysicalactivityontheirgeneralhealth，butnowweareseeingmoreevidencethatsuggestsitalsohasapositiveeffectonaperson'smentalwell­being.Thelatestresearchhighlightsjusthowimportantitistoensurethatpeopleareworkingandlivinginenvironmentsthatallowthemtobebothphysicallyactiveandmentallyhealthy.”1．Theunderlinedword“odds”inParagraph1probablymeans“________”．A．benefits B．intervalsC．risks D．ages2．Accordingtothesecondparagraph，ifpeopleincreasetheirweeklyactivity，________.A．theirdepressivesymptomswillbefewerB．theirdepressivesymptomswillbemoreC．theywillbecomemuchyoungerD．theywillbecomemoredepressive3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．DrSnehalthinksitisimportanttobebothphysicallyandmentallyhealthy.B．Theresearchshowsmenaremoreactiveinphysicalactivitythanwomen.C．Adultswhoinsistonphysicalactivitywillavoiddepressioncompletely.D．Increasingphysicalactivitycanfreepeoplefromdepressioninaway.4.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．Totellusafunnystoryabouthowtoprotectusagainstdepression.B．Tointroducearesearchonthelinkbetweenphysicalactivityanddepression.C．Topersuadereaderstoincreasetheirweeklyactivity.D．Todescribethedisadvantagesofphysicalactivity.答案：解题导语：最新研究表明，增加每周锻炼身体的次数，能降低人们患抑郁症的风险。1．C解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Ifanadultbetweenhistwentiesandfortieswhoisn'tphysicallyactivebecameactive3timesperweek,hewouldreducehisrisksofdepressionbyabout16%.”可知，人们每周锻炼三次，能让患抑郁症的可能性降低大约16%。由此可推断出，odds和risks的意思一样，故C项正确。2．A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Peoplewhoincreasedtheirweeklyactivitywerereportedtohavefewerdepressivesymptoms”可知，如果人们增加他们每周锻炼的次数，抑郁症状就会减少，故A项正确。3．D解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Beingphysicallyactivethreetimesaweekreducestheoddsofbeingdepressedbyabout16%”可推知，增加锻炼身体的次数在某种程度上能降低患抑郁症的可能性，故D项正确。4．B解析：写作意图题。本文主要向读者介绍了一项科学研究成果，这份研究讲述的是身体锻炼和抑郁症之间的联系，故B项正确。Ⅳ.完形填空(2015·大庆教学质量检测)Ibelievedifferentpeoplehaveexperienceddifferentadolescence.ImustadmitIwasstillanangry__1__inmyfirstyearofcollege.My__2__wasthatmyparentsdidn'tpleasemeatall.Ourfinanceswere__3__，soIchosetogotoa(n)__4__collegeandtakeabustoclasseseveryday.OnedayIhada(n)__5__fightwithmyfather.Webothexplodedintoshouts.I__6__outofthehouseandmissedmybustoschool.Irushedallthewaytoschool.AsI__7__acrossthecampustowardmyclass，IsuddenlyrealizedIdidn'thavethe__8__thatwasdue:athoughtcard.Myprofessoraskedusto__9__anindexcardwithournamesandthedateseveryTuesday.__10__whatwasontherestofthecard，wecouldwriteathought，aquestionorsomethingelse.Now，outsidethedoor，tenminuteslater，Itookanindexcard.__11__towritesomethingonit，Icouldonlythinkaboutthe__12__I'djusthadwithmydad.Iwrote“Iamthesonofanidiot！，then__13__intotheroom，andhandedittoourprofessor.Nextday，ourprofessor__14__thethoughtcardsandI__15__hewrote，“Whatdoesthesonofanidiotdowiththerestofhislife？”Theprofessor'sinnocent­seemingquestion__16__metotheissue：whoseproblemisit？__17__，mythinkingbegantoshift.IrealizedthatIhadcreatedalife__18__Iwasnotacentralfigure!The__19__ofgrowthwasn'teasyorfast.__20__later，fromastrugglingstudent，Ibecameasuccessfulstudentandthenasuccessfulteacher.1．A.childB．adultC．adolescent D．student2．A.temper B．angerC．mood D．pain3．A.limited B．specialC．practical D．fantastic4．A.ordinary B．privateC．local D．state5．A.serious B．controversialC．unfriendly D．anxious6．A.stormed B．wanderedC．slipped D．stepped7．A.leaped B．walkedC．ran D．headed8．A.duty B．assignmentC．commitment D．material9．A.takeup B．putdownC．handout D．bringalong10．A.Dueto B．RegardlessofC．Asfor D．Thanksto11．A.Concerned B．DesperateC．Excited D．Active12．A.issue B．conversationC．dispute D．fight13．A.poured B．enteredC．dashed D．approached14．A.gaveback B．checkedoutC．putaway D．passedon15．A.explored B．recognizedC．discovered D．ignored16．A.awoke B．forcedC．scared D．adjusted17．A.Slowly B．RapidlyC．Generally D．Swiftly18．A.what B．inwhichC．which D．that19．A.process B．progressC．period D．challenge20．A.Weeks B．TermsC．Months D．Years答案：解题导语：青春期的作者有一次与父亲发生冲突，但在教授的“thoughtcard”的启发下，作者慢慢地走出了青春期叛逆的心境，最终走向了成功。1．C解析：“我”必须承认，大学一年级时“我”仍是一个愤青。adolescent“青少年”，文中的第一句话已经给出了提示。2．B解析：根据上文“Iwasstillanangry__1__inmyfirstyearofcollege”可知，“我”生气是因为“我”的父母让“我”不高兴。3．A解析：由下文可知，“我”经常乘公交车上学，因此此处表示“我们家的经济不宽裕”，故选A项。4．C解析：我们家的经济条件不宽裕，因此“我”选择去上“当地的”一所大学，每天乘公交车去上学。ordinary意为“普通的”；private意为“私人的”；local意为“当地的”；state意为“政府的，州的”。5．A解析：由后文中的“Webothexplodedintoshouts.”可知，“我与父亲发生了一次严重的(serious)争吵”。故选A项。6．A解析：由语境可知，“我”和父亲发生冲突之后，“气冲冲地走”出了屋子。storm意为“气冲冲地走”；wander意为“游荡，漫游，闲逛”；slip意为“滑倒”；step意为“迈步”。7．C解析：由空格前的“Irushedallthewaytoschool.”可知，“我”跑(ran)向教室。leap意为“跳跃”；walk意为“步行”；head意为“朝(某个方向)行进”。8．B解析：教授布置的任务就是我们要在每周二带来自己的“thoughtcard”，写上自己的姓名、日期、想法、问题或者其他事情。assignment“任务”，符合语境，故选B项。9．D解析：参见上题解析。takeup意为“开始从事，继续，占据”；putdown意为“镇压，放下”；handout意为“分发”；bringalong意为“带上，带来”。10．C解析：卡片上要写姓名、日期，至于余下的部分，可以写想法、问题或其他事情。dueto意为“由于，归功于”；regardlessof意为“不管，不顾”；asfor意为“至于”；thanksto意为“幸亏，由于”。11．B解析：作者刚与父亲发生冲突，又忘记带教授布置的作业，因此应是“绝望地”在上面写了一些东西。故选B。12．D解析：由上文中的“OnedayIhada(n)__5__fightwithmyfather.”可知，此处应选D项。13．C解析：根据语境可知，此处应该是“冲进”教室，故选C项。dash意为“猛冲，急奔”。14．A解析：第二天，教授归还了我们的卡片。giveback意为“归还”；checkout意为“结账离开”；putaway意为“将……收起”；passon意为“转交，递给”。15．C解析：教授归还了卡片，“我”发现(discovered)教授写的话。故选C项。16．A解析：教授看似平淡的问题“唤醒”(awoke)了“我”。17．A解析：根据空格后的“mythinkingbegantoshift”可知，作者的想法“慢慢地”改变了。18．B解析：此处应该是“inwhich”引导的定语从句，在从句中作状语，先行词为“life”。19．A解析：成长的“过程”既不容易，也不快。20．D解析：由上文可知，成长过程时间长，而作者后来又成为一位成功的老师，故此处选D项。Ⅴ.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2016·吉林长春外国语期中考试)Atpresent，highschoolstudentsare1.________increasingpressuretostudylonghourseveryday.Theyspendover8hoursadaystudyingatschool，someof2.________evenhavetoattendextraclassesintheirsparetime.Thisgreatlyaffectstheirhealthandmakestheirparentsandteachers3.________(concern)．Tohelpsolve4.________problem，recently，somerelevantgovernmentdepartmentshavemadeanew5.________(regular)thatnostudentsshallgotoschoolatweekends6.________duringofficialholidays.Wesupportsuchareformandweknowthat7.________isessentialandimportantforusstudentstobalancestudyandrelaxation.Yousee，NewYear'sDay8.________(approach)，andI'llmakegooduseofthetime9.________(relax)．Also，IcometorealizethatifIcanrestwell，Iwillbeabletostudy10.________(efficiency)whenIcomebacktoschool.答案：解题导语：本文讲述目前学生压力大，相关部门制定政策来禁止补课，让学生休息好，才能在学校学习好。1．under解析：考查固定短语。underpressure处在压力之下。2．whom解析：考查定语从句。句意：他们一天八个小时在学校，许多人还上补习课，指的是人，故用whom。3．concerned解析：考查固定短语。makesb.concerned“使某人担心”。4．the/this解析：考查限定词。本句中的problem表示特指，指所提到的问题故用the或this。5．regulation解析：考查名词。根据makeanew__5__(regular)中的a和new可知空格处应为名词。6．or解析：考查连词。句意：为了帮助解决这个问题，相关部门制定了一条新规定：不允许学生在周末或假期补课。此处为并列关系，故用or。7．it解析：考查代词。句意：我们知道这对于我们学生来说平衡学习与休息是非常有必要的。8．isapproaching解析：考查动词的时态。句意：春节即将临近，我要充分利用这段时间休息。9．torelax解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我也意识到，如果我休息好，我就能更有效地在学校学习。10．efficiently解析：考查副词。efficiently用来修饰study。B卷Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2015·河北邢台市高三考试)DearMomandDad，Campisgreat！Ihavemetalotofnewfriends.JimisfromCalifornia，EricisfromIowa，andTonyisfromMissouri.Wehaveagreattimetogether，swimming，boating，hiking，andplayingtricksonothercampers！Everynight，wegotoanothertentsecretlyandtrytoscareothercampersbymakingscarynoises.It'ssofunnytoseethemrunoutscreaming！Nowdon'tworry，Mom.I'mnotgoingtogetcaughtlikeIdidlastyear.Onethingthatisdifferentfromlastyearishowmanybugsthereare！Ihaveatleast100mosquitobitesandabout20fireantbites.EverytimeIgooutside，horseflieschaseme，too！Otherthanalltheseannoyingbugs，I'mhavingthebesttime!Love，TylerDearTyler，Areyousureyouareokay？Allofthosebugssoundawful！Haveyouusedallofthe“Itch­Be­Gone”creamIgotyou？Howaboutthe“Ants'sAwful”lotion(护肤液)forthefireantbites？YouandyourauntEthelhavealwaysseemedtoattractthosenastyfireants.NowTyler，Iamveryhappythatyouhavemetsomenewfriendsandthatyouarehavingfuntogether.However，youmuststoptryingtoscareothercampers.Remember，honey，somecampersmaybescaredeasily.Iwantyoutoapologizeforanyanxietyyoumayhavecausedthemandstartbeingthenice，politeboythatIknowyouare.Doyouhearme，Tyler？Pleasebecareful.Iwantyoutocomehomesafely.Love，Mom1．WhydidTylerwritethelettertohisparents?A．Todescribehisinterestingcampexperiences.B．Toexpresshisregretaboutscaringothers.C．Toaskhisparentsforadviceaboutcamping.D．Totellhisparentsabouthissufferingsatcamp.2．Theunderlinedword“chase”inthefirstletterprobablymeans“________”．A．flyaway B．getridofC．putupwith D．runafter3．Tyler'smotheradviseshimto________.A．buymorelotionforthebitesB．returnwithafewfriendsC．avoidscaringothercampersD．turntothepolicewhenintrouble答案：解题导语：这是两封书信。第一封是Tyler写给父母的信，讲述了他有趣的宿营经历；第二封是母亲的回信，字里行间流露出对儿子的担忧。1．A解析：细节理解题。第一封信的第一句“Campisgreat！”统领下文，Tyler给父母写信是为了讲述他有趣的宿营经历，故A项正确。2．D解析：词义猜测题。根据第一封信第二段的第二句“Ihaveatleast100mosquitobitesandabout20fireantbites.”可知，Tyler被蚊子和火蚁咬了，再结合画线词所在句的“horseflieschaseme,too”中的too可知，此处chase表示“追赶”，即D项正确。3．C解析：细节理解题。根据第二封信第二段的第二句“However,youmuststoptryingtoscareothercampers.”可知，选C项。B(2016·长春四校联考)Whethertheyarehuntersorthehunted,thesecunninganimalsareallmastersofdisguise(伪装)whocanfooleventhemostbeady­eyedpassers­byintobelievingtheyarenotthere.Somehideunderlilypads,andsomedissolveintothebarkofatreewhileothersslipintothesnow,eithertohidefromahungrypredatorortosilentlystalk(追踪)anunwittingprey.Withtheiralmostperfectcamouflage,theseanimalsaresomeoftheEarth'sbestmastersofdisguise.However,whiletheycanhidefromtheirpredatorstheycannotescapethesharpeyesofAmericanphotographerArtWolfe,whohasspentover35yearsroaming(漫步)thedesertsofAfrica,therainforestsofSouthAmerica,themountainsoftheUnitedStatesandsnowplainsofCanadatocapturewildlifeatitsmostinvisibility.TheSeattle,WAphotographersaysthatfindingandfilmingthesecleveranimalsisapainstakingprocess,whichoftentakesmanyhours.Howeverforhim,itisdefinitelyworththetimebecausethethrillofcapturingacreaturethathasmanagedtoblendintoitsnaturalhabitatsoskillfully,islikenoneother.Hissearchhastakenhimtoalmosteverycontinentintheworld—fromthedesertsofAfricatotherainforestsofSouthAmericaandeven,thesnowplainsofCanada.Overtheyearshehassnappedsomanyamazingphotosthathehasbeenabletoshowcasethemintwobooks—achildren'sbookentitledHidingOutthatwasfirstpublishedin2003andVanishingAct,whichfirstcametobookstoresin2005—bothhavebeentranslatedintoseverallanguagesandbeenextremelypopularallovertheworld.And,heisnotdoneyet.The61­year­oldmanwhoalsohappenstobeatelevisionproducercontinuestounearthnature'sbeautiesunderlilypads,dissolvedintotreetrunksorstealthilyawaitingtheirpreyinthewhitesnow!Wouldyouhavebeenabletospotanyofthemifyouhadnotknownwhattheywerelikeinthephotographs?Besuretoletusknow,byaddingyourcommentsbelow.4.Someanimalsfoolpredatorsby________.A．keepingstillonthetreeB．pretendingtobefriendlyC．disguisingthemselvesD．changingthingsaround5．HowoldwasArtWolfewhenhebegantotakephotosoftheseanimals?A．61.B．35.C．29.D．26.6．HowdidArtWolfefeelwhenfindingandfilmingthesecleveranimals?A．Easyandinterested.B．Hardandexcited.C．Comfortableandhard.D．Complicatedandboring.7．WhatdoyouknowaccordingtoParagraph4?A．ArtWolfewasactuallyawriter.B．VanishingActcontainsmanypictures.C．HidingOutcametobookstoresin2005.D．ArtWolfecouldwriteinafewlanguages.答案：解题导语：许多动物为了躲避捕食者或者为了捕获食物，常常需要巧妙地伪装自己。美国摄影师阿尔特·沃尔夫花了35年时间，在世界各地寻找并拍摄这些伪装大师。4．C解析：细节理解题。由第一段可知，有些动物通过伪装自己来躲过捕食者。5．D解析：简单计算题。由第二段中的“ArtWolfe,whohasspentover35years”和最后一段中的“The61­year­oldmanwhoalsohappenstobeatelevisionproducer”可知，阿尔特·沃尔夫26岁时开始拍摄这些动物。6．B解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“findingandfilmingthesecleveranimalsisapainstakingprocess,whichoftentakesmanyhours”和“thethrillofcapturingacreature...islikenoneother.”可知，这个工作既辛苦又令他兴奋，故B项正确。7．B解析：细节理解题。由第四段中的“Overtheyears...andVanishingAct”可知，VanishingAct这本书里包含了很多他拍摄的照片。Ⅱ.短文改错(2015·山西省四校第二次联考)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。DearSirorMadam，I'velearnedfromthenewspaperthatyourcompanyislookingforareceptionist.I'mveryinterestinginthejobandI'dliketoapplytotheposition.Firstofall,allowmetointroducemyself.Ihavejustgraduatedfromseniorhighschool.Iwanttofindoutapart­timejobinthesummer.I'm18yearsoldandhavegoodknowledgeofEnglish,especialintermsofspeakingandlistening.Infact,IwinthefirstprizeintheEnglishspeechcompetitionholdinourschoollastyear.Besides,I'mquiteeasy­goingbutthereforeverypopularamongmyclassmate.Isincerelyhopeyoucangiveusachance.I'mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yourssincerely，LiHua答案：DearSirorMadam，I'velearnedfromthenewspaperthatyourcompanyislookingforareceptionist.I'mveryeq\o(interesting,\s\do8(interested))inthejobandI'dliketoapplyeq\o(to,\s\do8(for))thep