初中练习英语课件第8讲 Grade 8下 Units 5-8

第一部分

课程培优第8讲

Grade

8（下）

Units

5—8重难点突破日常交流提升话题阅读建构话题写作培优重难点突破011.Do

you

know

that

business

English

can

be

different

from

everyday

English?

考点：辨析everyday和every

day词条用法示例everyday形容词，意为“每天的；日常的”，在名词前作定语Let's

learn

some

everyday

English.every

day副词短语，意为“每天”，作状语We

speak

English

every

day.

运用：根据汉语意思完成下列句子。（1）迈克每天和他的朋友踢足球。

Mike

plays

soccer

with

his

friends

______

_____.（2）在这个节目里他们会说日常英语吗？

Do

they

speak_________English

in

the

program?everydayeveryday（3）在我们的日常生活中，我们应该学会自己处理问题。

In

our

_________

____,

we

should

learn

to

deal

with

problems

by

ourselves.everydaylife2.Danny

won

the

race!

None

of

us

could

catch

him!

考点：

辨析none

和no

one词条用法示例none意为“一个也没有；毫无”“none

of

+复数名词/代词”作主语，谓语用单数或复数皆可；None

of

these

pens

works/work.词条用法示例none“none

of

+不可数名词”作主语，谓语用单数；none

常用于回答how

many或how

much引导的特殊疑问句；none

既可以指人也可以指物None

of

the

advice

is

useful.续表词条用法示例no

one意为“没有人”no

one

不能与of

连用，只能指人；no

one

作主语，谓语用单数；no

one

常用于回答who引导的特殊疑问句There

is

no

one

here.—Who

is

in

the

room?—No

one.续表

运用：单项选择。（1）—How

many

students

are

there

in

the

classroom?

—___.

The

room

is

empty.CA.Not

all

B.Not

one

C.None

D.Nothing（2）___

of

the

students

failed

the

exam.BA.No

one

B.None

C.Nobody

D.Somebody（3）There

are

only

___

new

words

in

the

passage,

but

I

know

___

of

them.A.some;

all

B.a

few;

none

C.lots

of;

a

few

D.some;

a

few（4）___can

answer

my

question.BBAA.No

one

B.None

C.Not

one

D.Nothing3.With

a

good

quality

product

and

excellent

advertising,

you

will

surely

succeed.考点：

辨析success,

succeed,

successful

和successfully词条词性搭配示例success名词have

success

in

doing

sth.成功做某事They

had

success

in

getting

their

jobs.succeed动词succeed

in

doing

sth.成功做某事He

succeeded

in

getting

the

job.词条词性搭配示例successful形容词be

successful

in

doing

sth.成功做某事He

was

successful

in

doing

the

experiment.successfully副词do

sth.

successfully成功做某事He

finished

the

work

successfully.续表

运用：用success,

succeed,

successful或successfully填空。（1）Mo

Yan

is

a

__________

Chinese

writer,

and

he

won

the

Nobel

Prize

in

Literature

in

2012.（2）At

last

the

disabled

young

man

got

to

the

top

of

Mount

Tai

___________.（3）Many

songs

these

days

are

just

about

modern

life

in

the

U.S.,

such

as

the

importance

of________,

but

not

about

belonging

to

a

group.（4）No

one

can________without

any

hard

work.successfulsuccessfullysuccesssucceed4.That's

a

large

population

but

smaller

than

that

of

China.考点：辨析it,

one

和that词条用法示例it特指上文提到的同一事物,即同类同物I

saw

a

new

film

yesterday.

It's

very

interesting.词条用法示例one泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个，即同类异物，其复数形式为onesYou

have

no

watch

now,

so

I

think

you'd

better

get

one.Will

you

please

pass

me

some

apples?

I'd

like

the

big

ones.续表词条用法示例that指代同名异物，既可代替不可数名数也可代替可数名词单数；those则用来代替可数名词复数Tom's

textbook

is

not

so

new

as

that

of

Rose.The

weather

of

Xi'an

is

different

from

that

of

Beijing.The

lights

in

your

classroom

are

much

brighter

than

those

in

ours.续表

运用：用it,one,ones,that或those填空。（1）The

students

in

Class

One

are

different

from

______

in

Class

Two.those（2）—I

have

a

pet.

___

is

very

lovely.

—I

don't

have

a

pet.

But

I

always

dream

of

having

_____.Itone（3）—I

don't

like

these

clothes.

The

colors

are

too

dark.—What

about

those

bright

_____

over

there?ones（4）The

population

of

India

is

much

larger

than

_____

of

Japan.that5.If

the

birds

eat

the

sick

or

dead

fish,

they

may

die

off.考点：辨析

die,

death,

dead

和dying词条用法示例die动词，意为“死”，常见搭配:die

off相继死亡，die

of死于（内因），He

died

seven

years

ago.He

died

of

cancer.He

died

from

the

earthquake.词条用法示例diedie

from死于（外因），die

out灭绝died

+时间段+ago:

多长时间前死了

If

we

don't

protect

the

tigers,

they

may

die

out.death名词，意为“死亡”，在句中作主语或宾语The

death

of

the

old

soldier

made

us

very

sad.续表词条用法示例dead形容词，意为“死的”，常见用法：

have/

has

been

dead

for

+时间段：死了多长时间He

has

been

dead

for

seven

years.dyingdie的现在分词，也可作形容词，意为“垂死的，濒临死亡的”，用来作定语或表语The

doctor

tried

to

save

the

dying

man.续表

运用：单项选择。（1）More

than

122

people

___

in

the

massive

explosion.CA.dead

B.death

C.died

D.dying（2）The

old

man___

for

a

few

years.DA.died

B.has

been

died

C.had

died

D.has

been

dead（3）The

dog's___

made

me

very

sad.DA.died

B.dead

C.die

D.death（4）The

girl

took

care

of

the

___

man

day

and

night.CA.death

B.died

C.dying

D.dead6.Offering

samples

and

deals

will

get

you

more

customers.考点：辨析offer,

give和provide词条用法示例offer意为“主动提出（给予）”常用搭配：offer

sb.

sth.

=

offer

sth.

to

sb.offer

to

do

sth.

主动提出做某事He

offered

a

job

to

me,

but

I

didn't

accept

it.词条用法示例give意为“给；赠送”常用搭配：give

sb.

sth.

=

give

sth.

to

sb.He

gave

me

a

good

suggestion.provide意为“提供；供应”

常用搭配：provide

sth.

for

sb.

=

provide

sb.

with

sth.We

provide

a

service

for

the

public.续表运用：用offer，give或provide的适当形式填空。（1）Many

tourists

prefer

five-star

hotels

because

they

think

expensive

hotels

always

________

guests

with

better

services.（2）Our

business

won't

improve

unless

we______better

services

to

our

customers.（3）Instead

of

throwing

away

all

these

old

books,

we

can

simply_____them

to

the

people

who

need

them.provideoffergive日常交流提升02Talking

about

the

Olympics:1.第33届夏季奥运会将在哪里举办？

Where

_____

the

33rd

Summer

Olympics

________?willbe

held2.你最喜欢什么项目？___________

do

you

like

_____?What

sportbest3.你知道纪录是多少吗？Do

you

know

_________________?what

the

record

is4.中国举办了第29届夏季奥运会。China

_______

the

29th

Summer

Olympic

Games.hostedTalking

about

our

world:5.你去过其他国家吗？______

you

ever

_____________________?Havebeen

to

other

countries6.加拿大人说什么语言？______________

do

the

people

in

Canada

speak?What

language7.那个国家的人口有多少？______

is

the

__________

of

that

country?Whatpopulation8.中国的面积有多大？_____________________________？How

large

is

the

area

of

China话题阅读建构03科技与社会实践Ⅰ.阅读理解（A）（2023·扬州中考）

The

scientific

method

is

used

for

simple

experiments

that

students

may

do

in

the

classroom

or

very

difficult

experiments

that

scientists

are

doing

all

over

the

world.

It

is

a

way

of

thinking

that

helps

you

to

avoid

drawing

incorrect

conclusions.

There

are

usually

four

steps

in

the

scientific

method,

including

observation

（观察）,

hypothesis

（假设）,

experiment,

and

conclusion.

The

steps

may

not

always

be

completed

in

the

same

order,

but

the

first

step

is

usually

observation

and

asking

a

question

about

your

observation.

For

example,

you

had

a

sick

stomach,

and

ate

a

candy

bar.

An

hour

later,

you

observed

that

you

felt

much

better.

Here,

you

can

ask

a

question,

such

as

“What

makes

a

sick

stomach

feel

better?”

The

second

step

is

to

state

a

possible

answer

to

the

question,

or

a

hypothesis,

such

as

“

”

A

good

hypothesis

includes

three

things:

The

explanation

for

the

observations,

it

is

able

to

be

tested,

and

it

will

usually

predict

new

outcomes

or

conclusions.

The

third

step

is

the

experiment,

to

test

the

hypothesis.

An

experiment

is

a

test

which

will

either

challenge

or

support

the

hypothesis.

The

hypothesis

will

then

be

true

or

false.

The

final

step

is

to

think

about

what

happened

when

you

tested

the

hypothesis

and

draw

a

conclusion.

The

conclusion

will

either

clearly

support

the

hypothesis

or

it

will

not.

If

the

results

support

the

hypothesis,

a

conclusion

can

be

written

and

you

can

share

it

with

the

rest

of

the

world.

If

it

does

not

support

the

hypothesis,

you

may

choose

to

change

the

hypothesis

or

write

a

new

one

based

on

what

was

learned

during

the

experiment.1.Which

sentence

best

expresses

the

main

idea

of

the

passage?(

)

AA.How

do

the

four

basic

steps

in

the

scientific

method

work?B.What

makes

a

good

hypothesis

based

on

the

observation?C.The

conclusion

will

always

clearly

support

the

hypothesis.D.Learning

the

scientific

method

may

help

students

succeed

in

science.2.Which

sentence

should

go

in

the

empty

box

in

Paragraph

3?(

)

AA.A

candy

bar

makes

a

sick

stomach

feel

better.B.It

was

the

medicine

you

took

an

hour

earlier

that

made

you

feel

better.C.Eat

a

candy

bar

again,

and

see

what

happens

to

your

sick

stomach.D.Ask

people

if

eating

a

candy

bar

has

made

a

sick

stomach

feel

better.3.What

does

the

underlined

word

“it”

in

the

last

paragraph

refer

to

（指的是）?(

)

BA.The

hypothesis.

B.The

conclusion.C.The

question.

D.The

observation.4.Which

of

the

following

sentences

about

the

experiment

is

TRUE?(

)

CA.An

experiment

is

a

test

to

always

support

the

hypothesis.B.An

experiment

does

not

have

to

be

part

of

the

scientific

method.C.An

experiment

is

a

test

to

either

challenge

or

support

a

hypothesis.D.An

experiment

is

only

used

when

scientists

are

trying

to

prove

a

hypothesis.（B）（2023·江西中考）Why

do

We

Yawn?

Do

you

yawn?

There

are

about

20

reasons

that

scientists

think

are

possible

for

yawning

after

research.

They

do

not

know

exactly

why

yawning

happens,

but

they

do

know

many

facts

about

yawning.

We

know

that

everyone

yawns

in

the

same

way.

First

you

open

your

mouth

slowly.

Your

mouth

stays

open

for

about

five

seconds.

You

take

in

a

lot

of

air

and

then

push

it

out.

Then

you

quickly

close

your

mouth.We

also

know

that

yawning

is

contagious.

When

you

see

someone

yawn,

you

yawn,

too.

Many

people

say

they

yawn

because

they

are

bored

or

tired.

That

might

be

true.

People

do

often

yawn

before

they

sleep

and

after

they

wake

up.

However,

we

know

that

people

also

yawn

when

they

are

excited

or

nervous.

Olympic

runners,

for

example,

often

yawn

before

a

race.

Why

is

that?

In

2007,

scientists

found

that

a

yawn

can

help

a

warm

brain

cool

down.

Some

scientists

believe

that

yawning

makes

you

notice

things

more

quickly.

When

you

yawn,

you

breathe

deeply.

You

also

stretch

（强化）

the

muscles

（肌肉）

in

your

face,

mouth,

and

neck.

Your

eardrums

stretch,

too.

Maybe

this

helps

you

to

be

quicker

to

notice

things.

In

some

countries,

people

think

yawning

is

not

nice.

People

put

their

hands

over

their

mouths

to

cover

a

yawn.

In

other

countries,

people

think

yawning

is

healthy.

They

think

that

opening

the

mouth

very

big

can

let

good

things

in.

When

they

breathe

out,

they

think

that

bad

things

go

out

of

the

body

with

the

air.

Scientists

do

not

spend

much

time

studying

yawning.

That

is

probably

because

yawning

does

not

hurt.

It

is

just

something

we

do.1.What

does

the

underlined

word

“contagious”

in

Paragraph

2

mean?(

)

AA.Able

to

spread

quickly.

B.Able

to

breathe

easily.C.Able

to

change

easily.

D.Able

to

sleep

quickly.2.Why

do

Olympic

runners

often

yawn

before

a

race?(

)

CA.They

are

too

tired

or

too

bored.B.A

yawn

can

let

good

things

in.C.A

yawn

can

help

a

warm

brain

cool

down.D.A

yawn

can

stretch

the

muscles

in

their

faces.3.What

is

the

main

idea

of

Paragraph

5?(

)

DA.Reasons

for

yawning.

B.Advantages

of

yawning.C.Disadvantages

of

yawning.

D.Different

ideas

about

yawning.4.What

can

we

probably

infer

from

the

passage?(

)

DA.People

use

different

ways

to

yawn.B.Scientists

will

do

further

research

on

yawning.C.It's

hard

to

notice

things

quickly

while

yawning.D.Some

scientists

think

yawning

is

good

for

people.5.What

would

be

the

best

structure

of

the

passage?(

)

BA.

B.

C.

D.

（C）（2023·烟台中考）

AI

（人工智能）

can

help

teenagers

and

students

learn

in

several

ways.

Personalized

learning:

AI

can

know

better

about

students,

including

their

advantages,

weaknesses,

skills,

learning

favorites,

learning

needs,

and

so

on.

Then

it

can

create

a

proper

learning

plan

for

each

student.

This

can

help

students

concentrate

on

areas

that

they

need

to

improve

at

their

own

speed.

Interactive

（交互的）

learning:

AI

has

the

ability

to

make

learning

more

interactive

and

interesting.

Things

like

interactive

learning

apps

and

educational

games

can

make

subject

learning

more

interesting.

What's

more,

they

can

make

students

interested

in

a

subject

at

once.

This

kind

of

active

learning

is

sure

to

be

more

helpful

than

studying

alone.

Automated

（自动的）

advice

and

help:

AI

can

provide

automated

advice

and

answers

to

questions.

It

can

examine

students'

work

and

provide

personalized

help.

For

example,

ChatGPT

can

answer

students'

questions

quickly

in

a

private,

low-pressure

way.

This

kind

of

advice

and

answers

can

help

students

better

understand

knowledge

and

use

their

knowledge.

Greater

resources

（资源）:

AI

can

make

many

of

the

students'

learning

resources

richer

and

wider,

like

electronic

textbooks,

online

courses,

and

study

apps.

For

example,

a

biology

textbook

with

AI

technology

may

provide

interactive

3D

models

of

a

human

body

that

students

can

study

more

carefully.

AI

can

provide

interactive

examples,

introduce

important

passages,

and

offer

assessments

（评价）.

In

a

word,

AI

has

a

great

ability

to

improve

studying

and

learning.

By

using

AI,

students

can

study

smarter

and

reach

higher

levels

of

learning

and

success.

The

future

of

AI

in

education

is

hopeful

as

technologies

continue

to

develop.1.What

can

AI

do

by

knowing

better

about

students?(

)

DA.Get

more

learning

experiences.B.Find

out

students'

learning

speed.C.Know

more

about

learning

favorites.D.Offer

proper

personal

learning

plans.2.How

might

students

feel

about

educational

games?(

)

BA.Traditional.

B.Interesting.

C.Difficult.

D.Knowledgeable.3.Why

does

the

writer

give

an

example

of

a

biology

textbook

in

Paragraph

5?(

)

DA.To

show

biology

is

easy

to

learn.B.To

describe

something

more

about

3D.C.To

introduce

a

way

of

assessment.D.To

show

AI

can

provide

rich

resources.4.What's

the

best

title

（标题）

for

this

passage?(

)

AA.AI—a

smart

help

for

learning

B.AI

needs

new

technologiesC.AI

is

much

better

than

a

teacher

D.AI—hopeful

or

hopeless（D）（2023·新疆中考）

What

color

of

wearing

may

make

our

day

cheerful?

Probably,

dopamine（多巴胺）

clothes

have

been

a

trend（潮流）

on

some

short

videos.

1.___

So

they

can

get

more

dopamine

and

feel

happy.

But

is

there

really

any

science

behind

this?

2.___

This

kind

of

chemical

can

influence

how

we

feel.

According

to

Science

Magazine,

there

is

no

study

about

how

colorful

clothes

can

increase

dopamine,

but

there

are

ones

that

show

a

relationship

between

the

clothes

we

wear

and

how

we

act

and

feel.BC

One

study

found

that

wearing

red

can

lead

to

a

better

physical

performance

in

soccer

over

the

last

55

years.

3.___

Another

study

showed

that

wearing

green

can

make

people

more

creative.

4.___

Perhaps

it

can

remind

us

of

nature.

Yellow

has

signs

of

warmth.

It

makes

people

feel

warm.

5.___

Maybe

there

is

more

science

to

be

waiting

for

us

to

study.EDAA.

Wearing

yellow

can

bring

people

happiness,

energy

and

excitement.B.

It

encourages

people

to

choose

colorful

clothes.C.

Dopamine

is

a

chemical（化学物质）

in

our

brain.D.

Green

has

also

been

found

to

help

people

relax.E.

It

showed

that

teams

in

red

uniforms

always

played

best

in

home

games.Ⅱ.短文填空（2023·临沂中考改编）call,

book,

success,

complete,

please,million,

cheap,

discuss,

they,

be,

One

day,

Ammaar

Reshi

was

playing

around

with

a

chatbot

1.______ChatGPT.

A

chatbot

is

a

computer

program

that

can

imitate（模仿）

human

thinking

and

writing.

Reshi

wondered

if

he

could

use

the

program

to

produce

a

children's

book

2.___________.

The

book

must

be

interesting

for

children

to

read.calledsuccessfully

The

idea

for

the

3._______

story

came

from

a

conversation

Reshi

had

with

ChatGPT.

The

conversation

was

about

a

girl

named

Alice.

Reshi

wanted

to

use

another

AI

program

Midjourney

to

create

illustrations（插图）

for

the

book.

Midjourney

can

translate

words

into

pictures.

Reshi

couldn't

wait

to

start

this

work.

A

few

days

later,

Reshi

4.__________

a

12

book,

Alice

and

Sparkle.

“Anyone

can

use

these

AI

tools,”

he

said.

“They

are

easy

to

get,

and

not

hard

to

use.”

But

in

fact,

not

everyone

was

5.________.book'scompletedpleased

When

Reshi

shared

the

book

online,

a

6.__________

started.

Some

people

thought

he

was

clever.

But

artists

had

different

opinions.

The

problem,

they

said,

7._____

not

just

the

poor

quality

（质量）

of

the

artwork.

It

was

the

way

the

artwork

was

made.

Midjourney

searches

through

8.________

of

pictures

across

the

Internet

to

create

new

pictures.

Think

of

the

artists

who

put

their

works

online.

9.______

works

were

used

without

their

permission（许可）.

This

might

be

harmful

to

them.discussionwasmillionsTheir

Many

artists

and

writers

are

nervous

about

their

future.

Will

people

pay

them

for

their

work

if

it

can

be

done

more

10.________

by

an

AI

program?

Some

companies

are

already

choosing

AI

over

human

talent.

“As

somebody

who

makes

money

and

finds

joy

in

writing,

I

feel

deeply

worried

to

see

people

choosing

cheap

AI

work

instead

of

real

human

writing,”

a

reporter

says.

Reshi

says

there

should

be

protection

for

artists

and

writers.

“It's

really

important

to

let

artists

and

writers

take

part

in

these

AI

tools.”cheaply话题写作培优04科技与社会实践第一节：高分技能

高分技能一：开宗明义亮主题

1.This

summer

I

am

going

to

take

an

active

part

in

the

social

practice

program.

2.Our

school

organized

a

social

practice

activity

last

weekend.

3.In

order

to

learn

more

about

volunteering

work,

I

joined

an

organization

called

Care

for

the

Elderly.

高分技能二：详略得当有条理

1.We

met

every

Saturday

afternoon

at

different

places.

2.Sometimes

we

helped

the

elderly

clean

their

houses.

Sometimes

we

made

shopping

lists

and

went

shopping

for

them.

3.The

best

thing

we

did

for

the

elderly

was

chatting

with

them.

高分技能三：总结概括结尾句

1.All

in

all,

I

will

enjoy

myself

in

the

winter

holiday.

2.Let's

do

something

interesting

and

meaningful

to

have

a

colorful

life.

3.Most

of

the

students

think

highly

of

the

live

painting

competition,

which

provides

them

with

an

opportunity

to

experience

the

beauty

of

Chinese

art.第二节：实战演练

（2022·宁波中考）

为弘扬中华民族“劳动