Unit2HomeSweetHome语法专项讲练-人教版八年级英语上册

Unit2HomeSweetHome语法专项讲练人教版八年级英语上册一、语法核心知识点（一）定义情态动词是本身有一定词义，能表达说话人情绪、态度或语气的动词，不能单独作谓语，需与其他动词原形构成谓语。常见词汇：can、could、may、might、must、haveto、should、needn't等。（二）特征1.有词义但不能单独作谓语，需与行为动词或系动词原形连用。2.无人称和数的变化（haveto除外，第三人称单数用hasto）。3.后接动词原形。4.可构成否定句、疑问句及简明答语。（三）核心用法1.can：表能力（能、会）、请求许可（可以）、客观可能性（可能会）。2.could：can的过去式（表过去能力）、委婉请求/建议（非过去式），回答用can/can't。3.may：表请求许可（比can正式）、可能性（可能）、祝愿（愿）。4.might：表可能性（比may语气弱），用于肯定句和否定句。5.must：表必须（否定回答用needn't/don'thaveto）、禁止（mustn't）、肯定推测（一定）。6.haveto：表客观必要性（不得不），强调外界要求。（四）表推测的用法1.must：肯定句中表“一定”，否定推测用can't（不可能）。2.can：疑问句中表“可能”，can't表否定推测（不可能）。3.may/might/could：表把握不大的推测（可能），maynot/mightnot表“可能不”。4.结构：情态动词+动词原形（对现在/将来推测）、情态动词+be+ving（对正在进行的推测）、情态动词+have+ved（对过去的推测）。二、巩固练习练习一：单项选择1.Mylittlesister______speakEnglishwhenshewasthree,butnowshecantalkwithforeigners.A.canB.couldC.mayD.must2.—______Iuseyourdictionarytolookupanewword?—Sure,hereyouare.A.MustB.ShouldC.MayD.Haveto3.You______runacrosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightisred.It'stoodangerous.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.canD.may4.—Mustwehandinourhomeworkbeforeclasstomorrow?—No,you______.Youcangiveittomethisafternoon.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.can'tD.shouldn't5.Tom______beathomenow.Hisbikeisstillintheschoolparkinglot.A.mustB.mayC.can'tD.might6.Lisa______finishherhomeworkearlytodaybecausehermomwilltakehertothezoo.A.hastoB.mustC.canD.should7.—______youplaythepianoforusattheparty?—Sorry,Ican't.Ihaven'tpracticedforalongtime.A.MayB.CanC.MustD.Should8.Thestorybook______belongtoLily.Isawherreadingityesterday.A.can'tB.mustC.mightD.could9.It'scloudyoutside.It______rainthisevening,sotakeanumbrellawithyou.A.mustB.can'tC.mightD.should10.—Couldyoupleasehelpmecarrythisboxtotheclassroom?—Yes,I______.A.couldB.canC.mightD.must练习二：用must/might/could/can't填空1.Theredschoolbag______beLucy's.Shelostonewitharabbitpatternyesterday.2.Thispairofshoes______beMike's.Hewearssize44,butthesearesize38.3.Thenotebook______beTom'sorSam's.Bothofthemhavethesamestyle.4.It______beCindy'spencilcase.Shealwaysusesablueonewithstars.5.Thebasketball______beJack's.Hedoesn'tlikeplayingsportsatall.6.Someoneissinginginthemusicroom.It______beAlice.Shehasabeautifulvoice.7.Themathbook______belongtoourteacher.Therearesometeachingnotesonit.8.Thatumbrella______bemine.Ileftmineathomethismorning.9.Thepetdog______beLily's.Sheoftentakesawhitedogforawalkafterschool.10.Thekey______beinmyschoolbag,butI'mnotsure.Letmecheck.练习三：补全句子1.Thisbike____________Daming's.Herodeittoschoolyesterday.（一定是）​2.Thatgirl__________________mightbeournewclassmate.（戴眼镜的）​3.He____________latebecausehealwaysarrivesatschooltenminutesearly.（不可能）4.______I______yourpentodomyhomework?（可以借）​5.Allstudents____________theschoolrules.（必须遵守）​6.She____________veryhighwhenshewasyoung.（能跳）​7.It____________tomorrow,sowe'dbetternotplanapicnic.（可能下雪）​8.You____________finishalltheworktoday.Therewillbetimetomorrow.（不必）​9.Thatman____________Mr.Li.HehasgonetoShanghaionbusiness.（不可能是）​10.______you______goodgradesinthisEnglishexam!（愿取得）练习四：根据句意用适当的情态动词填空（10小题）1.—______youswimintheswimmingpool?—Yes,Ican.Ilearneditlastsummer.2.We______bequietinthelibrary.It'saruleforeveryone.3.—MustIcleanmyroomrightnow?—No,you______.Youcandoitafterdinner.4.Mymomisill,soI______stayathometotakecareofher.5.—Couldyoutellmethewaytothenearesthospital?—Ofcourse,I______.Gostraightandturnleftatthefirstcrossing.6.You______eattoomuchjunkfood.It'sbadforyourhealth.7.Thebaby______behungry.Shehasbeencryingforhalfanhour.8.I______speakFrenchwhenIwasachild,butnowI'veforgottenmostofit.9.—______Ileavetheclassroomforafewminutes?—Yes,youmay,butebacksoon.10.Thedoorislocked.They______notbeathomenow.练习五：从方框中选择合适的词填空（can、can't、mustn't、needn't、should）1.You______drinkwaterfromthetapdirectly.It'snotsafe.2.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,you______practicespeakingeveryday.3.—DoIneedtobringmyownumbrella?—No,you______.Wehaveextraoneshere.4.Mybrother______playtheguitarverywell.Hehaslearneditforfiveyears.5.Accordingtotheschoolrules,students______wearearringsornecklaces.6.It'sgettingdark.We______gohomenow,orourparentswillworry.7.—______youhelpmesolvethismathproblem?—Sorry,Ican't.Maybeyoucanaskourteacherforhelp.8.You______worryabouttheexam.You'vepreparedwellforit.9.Drivers______stopattheredlight.It'satrafficrule.10.She______beournewteacher.Shelookstooyoungtobeateacher.参考答案练习一：单项选择1.B2.C3.A4.B5.C6.A7.B8.B9.C10.B练习二：用must/might/could/can't填空1.must2.can't3.might/could4.might/could5.can't6.might/could7.must8.can't9.might/could10.might/could练习三：补全句子1.mustbe2.withglasses3.can'tbe4.May;borrow5.mustfollow6.couldjump7.mightrain8.