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专题05高考阅读理解新闻报道
一、考情分析
在信息时代的今天,我们必须关注国内外的重要事件。近年来,英美国家主流媒体已经成为全国各省
市高考阅读理解命题文章的主流题源,如《时代》、《科学美国人》、《洛杉矶时报》、《卫报》、《读
者文摘》等。因而时文报道类(也称新闻报道类)文章也是阅读理解中必不可少的。时文报道类文章一般以记
叙文为主,命题文章话题涵盖广泛,有关于政治经济的时文报道,有社会生活中发生的大小事件,还有个
人成长的经历趣闻。文章的特点是用非常简练的语言清楚地向读者阐述一件事,在写作手法上遵循的原则
是“keepitshortandsimple”,简称KISS原则。这类文章的写作思路往往是这样的:简述某个事件(何时、何
地、何人、何事、结果)一具体描述该事件(细节内容)——作者或其他人的看法和评价。不过,在表达方
式上,作者会运用各种表达方式,如倒叙、插叙等,思维的跳趺性较大。
一、语篇结构
新闻报道一般来说由四个部分构成:标题(headline)、导语(lead),正文(body)和结语(ending)。标题通常
起着提纲挈领、吸引受众的作用,被视为新闻的“眼睛”;导语概括通篇\旨在导读,被视为新闻的“灵魂”;
正文则具体描写,被视为新闻的“躯干'';结语总结概括,重申主题或者升华主题。
一篇新闻报道首要吸引人注意的部分是它的标题。英语新闻报道的标题力求用一句话来概括整个新闻
的内容。因为标题揭示的是新闻最主要的、读者最关心的核心内容。近年来高考新闻类文章一般隐去标题,
却在设题时要求考生自拟标题,考查学生对文章的概括能力,有助于培养学生的思维品质,实际上提升了
对学生阅读能力的要求。
新闻的开篇是导语部分。导语部分是用•段有趣的轶闻或者新闻中关键的事实引出整个文章的主题
(Theme),使读者能够获取最具价值的信息,并有兴趣继续读下去。英语新闻的导语一般是文章第一或第一、
二段,用简明生动的语言将新闻最具价值、最新鲜的内容或典型例子放在开头,引出文章主题,最多不超
过三个自然段,能全部或部分回答Who,What,When,Where,Why,How等问题。
正文是新闻报道的重要组成部分,其作用是补充核心人物或者对核心事件进行展开、解释和补充,或
者是对导语所设悬念的解答,此部分以记叙或者说明为主。正文部分会采用事实、趣事、引语等各种消息
来源来支持主题。我们将这种新闻结构比作“沙漏”,正文中的每一个细节就像沙漏中的沙子一样,无论文章
是采用正叙还是倒叙的手法,沙漏中的沙子都是围绕导语中揭示的主题来展开的,都会落在沙漏的容器里。
结语一般比较简洁,有时受制于篇幅还会省略,主要作用是重申主题。或再一次总结中心思想,以强
调、启发、或号召等方式结束,也有的新闻文章没有明显的结束语。
二、文体特点
新闻的时效性和鲜活性决定了其采用的与众不同的文体风格。首先,新闻是短小精练的,要在区区几
百个字的文章中包含新闻事件的诣多元素,时间、地点、人物、起因、过程和结局已属不易。有时为了让
读者能够更好地了解新闻事件,记者还要补充很多的背景信息。为了控制文章的篇幅,而又能完整地传递
信息,记者会使用很多的语篇黏连手段,其中用的最普遍就是采用代词,指代前文中讲述过的细节或者下
文中即将提到的细节,这类词主要是this,that,it,they,which,who等。考生需要正确理解这些代词所指代的
内容,避免误解文章中的某些细节。
其次,从句法来看,由于新闻报道注重事实本身,强调客观性,被动语态占有一定的比重。为了反映
事实的真实性,让读者听到“原声”,以体现记者报道的客观性,正文多使用直接引语和间接引语,而在使用
直接引语和间接引语时,为了凸显新闻内容,记者倾向于使用“掉尾句”,即把说话人或信息来源放在句尾。
三、命题特点
1.考查新闻事件的六要素,题型主要为细节题
高考试卷的命题要求学生在阅读时区分事实和观点,学会总结和概括人们对新闻事件的观点,这也符
合核心素养培养框架的要求,有利于学生文化品格的提升。
2.考查对新闻事件的观点,题型主要为观点推断题
命题人命题时主要考查的是新闻事件相关的重要细节。此类型的题目多出自文章导语和主体部分,也
要求学生在阅读时区分事实和观点,学会总结和概括人们对新闻事件的观点,这也符合核心素养培养框架
的要求,有利于学生文化品格的提升。这类题型有时因为涉及阐述人们的观点以及支撑细节,可能跨越几
个段落,所以难度较大.
3.考查语篇衔接,推断某一特定词或者短语的指代内容,题型主要为指代、推断题
新闻的篇幅有限,决定了写作中作者会使用很多的语篇衔接手段,而其中高考考查最多的是指称。要求学
生具备语篇意识,/解上下行文中意义的衔接,通过理解其中代词或者名词所指的确切含义,从而准确理
解全文。这类题型要求学生掌握新闻写作行文的技巧。
4.概括主旨,题型主要为主题归纳题
正如在新闻类文章语篇结构e所阐述的那样,高考在新闻类文章设题时往往故意隐去文章标题,要求
学生在了解新闻事件的各种信息后汇总,拟出一个能概括新闻事件主要内容和吸引人眼球的标题。这类题
目需要考生重视导语以及结尾的关键信息。
四、策略技巧
综合新闻类文章的语篇特征和高考命题特点,完成新闻类阅读理解可以采用以下阅读步骤和阅读策略。
一)浏览文章,判断文体
考生在做阅读理解题时一定要有“文体意识”,即结合文宣体裁的文体特征,紧扣主旨理解文章。具
体到新闻类文体,首先通过新闻独有的语篇特征,如导语、信息源等,判断是否是新闻类语篇。然后,根
据文章结构特点和题型特点可以去文章相应部分寻找答案,这样可以节约时间、有的放矢。例如:文章主
旨、写作意图题一般对应文章导语部分。
二)利用导语,掌握核心
导语往往包括了新闻最具价值的内容,与主旨密切相关,是对新闻事件本质、新闻人物的突出特点和
社会现象背后的原因等最凝练的概括,是写作意图题、主旨大意题的重要判断依据。作为新闻类文章的灵
魂,导语为我们提供了丰富的解题线索。研读的时候我们不能错过任何一个细节,重点甄别Wh。、What、
When、Where.Why、How六要素的信息点,了解新闻的主要内容。
三)深入细节,定位分析
细节判断题是新闻类语篇的主要考查题型,做题时考生要有“题目意识”,即由题干关键词把握命题
意图和答题要点,解题时多使用“同义转换”或者“综合归纳”两种方法。多数情况下,选项会对原文信
息进行同义转换,即原文信息的另外一种表达。相反,选项中如果出现了原文出现过的词句,应当引起警
觉,谨防受到“偷梁换柱”的迷惑干扰。有时候细节散落在多个句子,或者在不同段落中都有提到,考生
应该分析事件之间的关联、人物与事件的关联、社会现象背后的原因和结果的关联等等,进行综合归纳。
如果是以记叙为主,则需要抓住“何人、何时、何为、何因、何果”几要素,这几大要素也是题目的着眼
点。
四)直接读题,判断题目类型
在研读导语把握文章的主题后,考生无需继续阅读文章,父以直接读题干,了解题目所属类型和所需
回答问题的要点和关键词,然后带着问题以关键词作为标签词到文章中查找答案。这种先读主题和题目的
方法有利于把握阅读重点,可以让考生在阅读的时候更有针对性,也比较节省时间。如果在读完导语后仍
然觉得对文章的主题把握不是很准确,也可以选择再跳读后文,即各段的首尾句。
五)结合主旨,理解.引语
引语是新闻类文章中的点睛之笔,用来体现作者或者文中相关方面的态度、观点,用来佐证支撑主旨。
在答题时要:有“语境意识”,即联系文章主旨和上下文语境分析判断作者的写作意图或者说话人的情感态
度。
根据不同题型,采用不同定位方式查找信息。上文提到,高考中新闻类文章阅读理解题目类型一般分
为细节题、观点推断题、指代推断题和主题归纳题。
若是细节题,了解题H所需信息是什么,再以中心人物或事件作为标签,到文章查读含有这个信息的
句子,一般就能快速找到答案。市新闻文章一-般只围绕一个线索来展开故事,很容易找到信息。
若是观点推断题,读题时要辨别是寻找哪•个群体对这•新闻事件的态度。然后以这•群体为标签词
到文章中定位信息。通过对高考题的研究,我们发现观点推断题的信息可能是一个段落,也有可能散落在
儿个段落中,所以同学们在寻找时要耐心一些,找齐所有信息,进行总结概括才能找到答案。
若是指代推断题,一般只要研读围绕所要推断的词的上下文,分辨这个词所指代的内容即可。
若是主题归纳题,应重点阅读导语部分和结尾部分,了解新闻涉及的主体人物和主要事件,然后比对
所给的四个选项,找出包含主体人物和主要事件的那个选项,就可以找到正确答案。
二、真题回顾
(2022年新高考【卷)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
C
Theelderlyresidents(居民)incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolookaftertostopthemfeeling
lonely.
Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity(慈善组织)toreducelonelinessandimproveelderlypeople's
well-being.Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufferingdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.Staffincare
homeshavereportedareductionirtheuseofmedicinewherehensareinuse.Amongthosetakingpartinthe
projectis80-ycar-oldRuthXavier.
Shesaid:"1usedtokeephenswhen1wasyoungerandhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeI
wenttoschool.'"'〕liketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthehensoutand
dov/nthereagainatnighttoseethey'vegonetobed.”"Il'sgoodtohaveadifferentfbcus.Peoplehavebeen
bringingtheirchildrenintoseethehensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.I'menjoyingthe
creativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseful.^Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafter
hensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitout
countrywide.WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,said:
“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.
Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfiintheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere."LynnLewis,directorof
NoltingHillPathways,said:"Wearehappytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidents
throughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.''
28.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?
A.lbensureharmonyincarehomes.B.Toprovidepart-timejobsfortheaged.
C.Toraisemoneyformedicalresearch.D.Topromotetheelderlypeople'swelfare.
29.HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?
A.Shehaslearnednewlifeskills.B.Shehasgainedasenseofachievement.
C.Shehasrecoveredhermemory.D.Shehasdevelopedastrongpersonality.
30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon"meaninparagraph3?
A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.
31.Whatcanwclearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?
A.Itiswellreceived.B.Itneedstobemorecreative.
C.Itishighlyprofitable.D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.
【答案】28.D29.B30.C31.A
【解析】这是一篇典型的新闻报道,主要报道了一些养老院通过让老人照看母鸡以减少他们的孤独感。文
章主题鲜明,结构清晰,紧紧围绕“老人照看母鸡”展开。全文共四个自然段,第一段为导语部分,点明新闻
事件。第二至第三段为主体部分,其中第二段详细介绍项目的目的和效果;第三段通过•个代表人物
80-ycar-oldRuthXavier现身说法,说明该项目活动的具体内容、实施情况、参与者的感受以及该项目的现
状。第四段引用相关人士的说法,肯定该项目的作用与意义,表达对该项目未来发展的期待。
[28题】D细节理解题.根据题干定位第二段中第一、二句“…toreducelonelinessandimproveelderly
people'swell-being.Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufieringdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.”,综合归
纳两个目的后,结合选项中的用词,原文well-being和D项中的welfare属于同义转换,故选D。
【29题】B细节理解题。本题考查主体部分新闻事件中人物的所做所感细节信息。根据第五段的Tmenjoying
thecreativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethingusefbl.”并结合选项可知,选项B中asenseof
achievement是对原文信息的综合归纳,故选B。
【30题】C词义猜测题。用上文所给解题策略中的“语境意识”,结介上下文得知WendyWikon是养老院
经理,首先可以排除B项。ppose(反对)。另外该项目仍处于试行阶段,联系上文“oneofthefirst2",可
以排除A项improve(提升)和D项evaluate(评估),从而得出正确答案begin,“oneofthefirsttoembark
onIheproject”即第一批开始该项R的人之一,故选Co
【31题】A推理判断题。文章最后两段分别通过WendyWilson和LynnLewis现身说法,言及敬老院老人
照看母鸡的益处而非利润,故排除C,也即该项目在居民中很受欢迎,且反响不错。注意creative不是该项
目对于老人们的要求,而是该项目所具有的特征,故选A。
(2020年新课标HI)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
B
When“RiseofthePlanetoftheApes”wasfirstshowntothepubliclastmonth,agroupofexcitedanimal
activistsgatheredonHollywoodBoulevard.Buttheyweren'ttheretothrowredpaintonfur-coat-wearingfilmstars.
Instead,oneactivist,dressedinafuli-bodymonkeysuit,hadarrivedwithasignpraisingthefilmmakers:VkThanks
fornotusingrealapes(猿)!”
Thecreativeteambehind"Apes"usedmotion-capture(动作捕捉)technologytocreatedigitalizedanimals,
spendingtensofmillionsofdollarsontechnologythatrecordsanactor'sperformanceandlaterprocessesitwith
computergraphicstocreateafinalimage(图像).Inthiscase,oneofarealistic-lookingape.
Yet"Apes"ismoreexceptionthan(herule.Infact,Hollywoodhasbeenhotonliveanimalslately.One
nonprofitorganization,whichmonitorsthetreatmentofanimalsinfilmedentertainment,iskeepinglabsonmore
than2,000productionsthisyear.Already,anumberoffilms,including"WaterfbrElephants,“"TheHangoverPart
I【"and"Zookccpcr,“havedrawntheangerofactivistswhosaythecreaturesactinginthemhaven'tbeentreated
properly.
Insomecases,it'snotsomuchthetreatmentoftheanimalsonsetinthestudiothathasactivistsworried;it's
(heoff-settrainingandlivingconditionsthatareraisingconcerns.Andtherearequestionsaboutthefilmsmade
outsidetheStates,whichsometimesarenotmonitoredascloselyasproductionsfilmedintheStates.
24.WhydidtheanimalactivistsgatheronHollywoodBoulevard?
A.lbseefamousfilmstars.B.Toopposewearingfurcoats.
C.Toraisemoneyforanimalprotection.D.Toexpressthankstosomefilmmakers.
25.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?
A.Thecostofmaking"Apes."B.Thecreationofdigitalizedapes.
C.Thepublicityabout"Apes.”D.Theperformanceofrealapes.
26.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase''keepingtabson“inparagraph3probablymean?
A.Listingcompletely.B.Directingprofessionally.
C.Promotingsuccessfully.D.Watchingcarefully.
27.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraphaboutanimalactors?
A.Theymaybebadlytreated.B.Theyshouldtakefurthertraining.
C.TheycouldbetradedillegallyD.Theywouldlosepopularity.
【答案】24.D25.B26.D27.A
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了电影“猩球崛起”上个月首次与公众见面。动物爱好者聚集在好莱坞
前,感谢电影制作者,在电影拍摄时,没有使用真的类人猿。现在的动物拍摄使用的是数字化人猿的创造
技术,而一些电影的拍摄却存在着虐地动物的现象,这让一个非盈利的组织密切关注此事。但有些拍摄也
是不能够被监测到的。
【24题】D细节理解题。根据第一段“Instead,oneactivistdressedinafull-bodymonkeysuit,hadarrivedwith
asignpraisingthefilmmakers:"Thanksfornotusingrealapes”可知,相反,一名身穿全套猴服的活动人士来到
现场,手里拿着一块牌子,称赞电影制作人:“感谢你们不用真正的猿猴。所以动物保护者聚集在好莱坞大
道是为了向电影制作者表示感谢。故选D项。
【25题】B主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thecreativeteambehind“Apes”usedmotion-capture(动作捕捉)
technologytocreatedigitalizedanimals,spendingtensofmillionsofdollarsontechnologythatIrecordsanactor's
performanceandlaterprocessesitwithcomputergraphicstocreateafinalimage(图像)."可知,“人猿”背后的创
作团队利用动作捕捉技术创造数字化的动物,在记录演员表演的技术上,花费数千万美元,然后用电脑图
形处理,以产生最终的影像。由此可知,第二段主要是关于数字化人猿的创造。故选B项。
[26]D词句猜测题。根据第三段划线前的句子“Onenonprofitorganization,whichmonitorsthetreatmentor
animalsinfilmedentertainment'^一个非营利组织,监控动物在电影娱乐中的待遇)以及下文Already,anumber
offilms,including“WaterfbrElephants,”“TheHangoverPartH"and"Zookeeper,“havedrawntheangerof
activistswhosaythecreaturesactinginthemhaven'tbeentreatedproperly.(许多电影,包括“大象的眼泪”,“宿
醉11”和“管理员”,引起了动物保尹人士的愤怒,他们说影片中的动物没有遭到很好的对待。)由此可知,
其中一家监控动物待遇的非营利组织,今年正密切关注着2000多部影片。由此判断出,划线词的意思是“密
切关注故选D项。
[27]A推理判断题。根据最后一段Insomecases,it'snotsomuchthetreatmentoftheanimalsonsetinthe
studiothathasactivistsworried;it'stheoff-settrainingandlivingconditionsthatareraisingconcerns.Andthere
arequestionsaboutthefilmsmadeoutsidetheSlates,whichsometimesarenotmonitoredascloselyasproductions
filmedintheSates."(在某些情况下,让活动人士担心的并不是电影棚里对动物的待遇;让人担忧的是训练和
生活条件。还有一些关于在美国以外拍摄的电影的问题,这些电影有时不像在美国拍摄的电影那样受到严
密的监控。)可知,在某些情况下,让活动人士担心的并不是工作室里动物的待遇;令人担忧的是训练和生
活条件。由此判断出动物演员可能受到虐待。故选A项。
三、最新模拟试题
(1)
(2023•江苏南京,南京市第一中学校考模拟预测)
Tesla'ssclf:drivingcarshaverecentlycomeunderinvestigationasareportoncrashesraisesquestionsabout
theirsafety.DespiteTeslaCEOElonMusk'sclaimthattheirAutopilotcapabilitymakestheircars“unequivocally
(亳不含糊地)safer/'datasuggestsotherwise.
AccordingtoTheWashingtonPost,thenumberofdeathsandseriousinjuriesassociatedwithTesla's
driver-assistancetechnologyishigherthanpreviouslyreported.TheNationalHighwayTrafficSafety
Administration(NHTSA)recorded736crashessince2019,withatleast17ofthembeingfatal.Thesefigures
includecrashesinvolvingbothAutopilot,whichallowscarstodriveonhighwayswithouthumanintervention,and
thenewerFullSelf-Drivingfeature,whichextendsautomationtocitystreets.However,thesestatisticscan(trecord
incidentsthatwereavoidedduetothecars'safetyfeatures.Additionally,whencomparedtothetotalnumberofcar
crashesthatoccurredlastyear,ihenumberofcrashesinvolvingdriver-assislancevehiclesappearsre.ativelysmall,
butactuallyit'snot.
Tesla'ssafetyclaimslackcontextasAutopilotisprimarilydesignedforhighways,whilemostaccidentsoccur
inmorecomplexenvironmentswithcross-traffic,pedestrians,andcyclists.Moreover,Tesla'scustomerbase
consistsmainlyofwealthierindividualswholiveincommunitieswithloweraccidentrates.
ConcernsareraisedbyTesla'srequesttotheNHTSAnottorevealwhetherAutopilotorFullSelf^Drivingwas
inuseduringfatalcrashes.Thislackoftransparency(透明)preventsacomprehensiveanalysisoftheincidentsand
raisesquestionsaboutresponsibility.
Safetyexaggerations(夸大)combinedwithTesla'saggressivemarketinghaveledtoaccidentscausedby
driversrelyingtooheavilyonthesystem.FullSelf-Drivingdoesnotallowthecartofullydriveitself,anddrivers
areexpectedtoremainattentiveandreadytointerveneatalltimes.However,Tesla'smessagingmaymisleadsome
usersintobelievingothenvise.
Whileadriverlessfuturehasthepotentialtobesafer,itiscrucialnottoconvincethepublicthat
underdevelopedcapabilitiesarereadyforwidespreaduse.Teslashouldaddresspastproblems,ensuretheir
automationsetcandetectemergencyvehicles,andbetransparentwith(hepublicaboutthelimitationsoftheir
technology.Rushingtheimplementationofsuchtechnologywithoutaddressingitslimitationscouldleadtoserious
consequencesontheroad.
1.WhatcanwclearnaboutTesla'sdrivcr-assistance-rclatcdcrashesfromparagraph2?
A.736fatalcasesofself-drivingarerecorded.
B.NHTSAfocusedonthecrashesonhighways.
C.Thetotalnumberofcarcrashesisextremelysmall.
D.Theincidentsavoidedarenotcountedinthecrashstatistics.
2.WhatcanbeinfeiTedaboutTesla'ssafetyclaims?
A.Theyaresupportedbycomprehensivedata.
B.Theyarebasedonlimiteddrivingenvironment.
C.Theyarcrestrictedtotheexperiencesofsatisfiedcustomers.
D.TheyhavebeenproventobeaccurateandreliablebyNHTSA.
3.WhatcanweknowaboutFullSelf-Driving?
A.Itisill-received.B.Iliswell-developed.
C.Itneedsthedrivertostayfocused.D.Itreducestheaccidentsgreatly.
4.Whichtitlebestsummarizesthecontentofthistext?
A.ConcernsandQuestionsSurroundingTeslas''Self-Driving°Cars
B.TeslasSelf-DrivingCars:TheSafestOptionofDrivingontheRoad
C.TheFutureofSelf-DrivingCars:ACloserLookatTeslasTechnologyf
D.ReconstructionandRevolutionofTeslasAutopilotandFullSelf-Driving
(2)
(2023•江苏扬州•江苏省高邮中学校考模拟预测)
CouldthenextErnestHemingwayorJaneAustenbeawell-engineeredAIsoftwareprogram?It'saquestion
becomingincreasinglypressingasmachinelanguage-learningsoftwarecontinuestoevolve.
Muchofthisisjustnerves.Today'sAIcreativewritingprogramsarenotyetatastageofdevelopmentwhere
(heyposeaseriousthreattoColleenHooverorCharlesDickens.Butwhileattentioncontinuestofbcusonthe
possibilityofablankettakeoverofhumanliteraturebyAI,farlessconsiderationhasbeengiventotheprospectof
AIco-workingwithhumans.
Earlierthismonth,Americansci-fiwriterKenLiu,whohadbeenawardedHugoandNebulatohisname,
joined12otherprofessionalauthorsfbrawritingworkshoponGoogle'sWordcraft.ThisAItool,alanguage
generatingmodel,isnotyetpubliclyavailablebutisadvertisedasanAl-poweredwritingassistantthatcan,when
giventherightinstructionfromthewriter,providehelpfuldescriptions,createlistsofobjectsoremotionalstates,
andevenbrainstormideas.
Thewritersattheworkshop,however,emergedwithmixedreports.4'Wordcraftistoosensible.Wow!”Robin
Sloanwrote."But'sensible'isanotherwordfbrpredictable,overusedandboring.Myintentionhereistoproduce
somethingunexpected.
I'munconvincedthatwritersawardedtheNobelPrizehavemuchtofearfromAI.Theirwork,andthatof
countlessothernovelists,shortstoiywriters,dramatistsandpoets,istooparticular,toobeautifullyunique.Evenif
amodellearnedwhattheyhaddoneinthepast,itwouldnotbeabletopredictwheretheircreativitymighttake
theminthefuture.Butforauthorswhowritefollowingapattern,AImightstepin,firstasassistantsbeforesome
daytoauthorship.
Production-linenovelsarenothingnew.Inthe1970s,BarbaraCartland,whowrotemorethan723booksin
herlifetime,manyofwhichareromancebestsellers,wouldreadhernovelsforhersecretarytotypeupal(he
rerriarkablerateofroughlysevenchaptersaweek.Butalreadymachinehasreplacedthesecretary'srole.Perhaps
creativewritingsoftwareisn'tthatfarfromreplacingtheMrs.Cartlandsoftoday.
1.WhichaspectofAIcallsfbrmoreattention?
A.Itsdamaoetoournerves.B.Itsprogressinliterarystudies.
C.Itscooperationwithhumans.D.Itsinfluenceonhumanliterature.
2.WhatcanwelearnaboutWordcrahfromthe(ext?
A.Itgeneratesnovelsautomatically.B.Itoutperformsprofessionalwriters.
C.Itsworksreceivepraisesfromihepublic.D.Itsworksbearsimilaritytoexistingones.
3.WhatcanwritersdotoavoidthethreatfromAI?
A.Increasewritingspeed.B.Usediverseresources.
C.Producecreativeworks.D.Followthelatestpatterns.
4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.WillAIReplaceHumanWriters?B.AIWarnsMrs.CartlandsofToday
C.IsWritingRunningintoaNewEra?D.WordcraftLiesattheCenterofDebate
⑶
(2023•浙江舟山•舟山中学校考模拟预测)
SnowboardinggeniusSuYimingmadeanamefbrhimselfbywinningChina'sfirstOlympicgoldinthesport
onTuesday.Bycleanlystompingback-to-back1800tricks,theteenagerlandedthebiggestprizesofarinhisyoung
career-goldinthemen'sBigAirattheBeijingWinterOlympics.Thenotableachievementrealizedachildhood
dreamtoreach(hepeakofthesport,whichhebegantolearnattheageof4.
Nowwithtwoshinningmedalshungaroundhisneck,the17-year-olddescribedhissuperbOlympicdebut(首
秀)asanunbelievableexperiencethathasmadeallhissacrificesworthwhile.t4ThisfeelssosurrealthatI'vefinally
accomplishedwhatI'vedreamedofsinceIwaslittle/'saidanemotionalSu.
Overthepastfouryears,Suhascombinedhistalentwithhardworktoproduceoneoftheswiftestrisesto
prominencethesporthaseverseen.WhentheShougangBigAirvenuehosteditsfirstinternationalevent.Suwas
anunknownqualifier,whodidn'tevenmakethefinalruns.Justovertwoyearslater,Suisthenameoneveryone's
lipsatthevenuesOlympicdebut-drawingthewholenation'sattentiontothesportheloves.
“Thebiggestmotivation(动力ifbrmeismylovefbrsnowboarding/'Susaid,whenaskedaboutthesecretto
hissuccess.4insnowboarding,IfeellikeIcanshowmyownstyleandcreativity.EverytimeIridemyboard,it's
alwaysajoyfulmoment.Ihopethroughmyexperience,Icaninspiremoreyoungpeopletogetinterestedinthe
sport.”
Su,aformerchildactorwhofeaturedinactionmovies,saidtheOlympicgoldwillencouragehimtoseekfor
morebreakthroughs—evenbeyondhisathleticcareer."IenjoysnowboardingjustasmuchasIenjoyacting/5said
Su,whotums18onFriday.thinkIstillhavealotofpossibilitiestoexploreinmyfuturecareereitherin
snowboardingorinacting.Butnow-Ijustwanttoenjoythemomentandcelebratei(as(hebestpossiblebirthday
gift/5
1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“landed"inParagraph2mean?
A.Arrived.B.Gained.C.Created.D.Dreamed.
2.AccordingtoSuhimself,whatishissecrettohissuccess?
A.Uisactingexperience.B.Ilistalentandhardworking.
C.Hispassionforsnowboarding.D.Hislifedreamofachievingsuccess.
3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeSu?
A.Talentedandthoughtful.B.Generousandproductive.
C.Creativeandkind-hearted.D.Hard-workinganddevoted.
4.What'sSu'sattitudetowardhisfuture?
A.Upset.B.Hopeful.C.Anxious.D.Careful.
(4)
(2023春♦浙江金华•高二浙江金华第一中学校考阶段练习)
Squirrelseavesdropon(窃听)由echatterofsongbirdstoworkoutwhethertheappearanceofapredator(食I肉
动物)iscauseforalarm,researchershavefound.Animalsincludingsquirrelshavepreviouslybeenfoundto
eavesdroponcriesofalarmfromothercreatures.Butthelateststudysuggestsanimalsmayalsokeepanearoutibr
everj'daychitchatamongotherspeciesasawaytoassesswhetherthereistroublearound.
WritinginthejournalPiosOne,researchersreportedonhowtheymadetheirdiscoveiybyobserving67grey
squirrelsastheywanderedaboutdifferentareasintheresidentialregionsofOberlin.
After30secondsofobservingasquirrel,researchersplayeditarecordingofthecallofared-tailedhawk(鹰),
whichlastedacoupleofseconds-andtheirbehaviourinthenext3()secondswasmonitored.Thesquirrelswere
(henplayedathree-minuterecordingofseveraldifferentspeciesofsongbirdchatteringonafeeder.
Theresultsrevealedthalin(he30secondsafterhearingthehawkcall,thesquirrelsincreasedthepercentage
oftheirtimespent44vigilant^^(警惕)comparedwithbeforethecall,whiletheyalsolookedupmoreoftentoscan
theenvironment.Squirrelsthatwereplayedbirdchatterraisedtheirheadslessoftenduringtherecordingandthe
numberofthese“look-ups“droppedofffasterovertime.
*'Recognitionofbirdchatterasasignofsafetyislikelyadaptive,assquirrelsthatcansafelyreducetheir
vigilancelevelinthepresenceofbirdchatterprobablyareabletoincreaseforaging(觅食)success,theauthors
wrote.
Theteamsuggestedthatwithlevelsofhuman-madenoiseincreasing,squirrelsmayfindithardertoeavesdrop
onbirds,meaningtheymayhavetospendmoretimebeingalertandlesstimeforaging.
DrJakobBro-Jorgensen,co-authorofthestudyfromOberlinCollege,said:"Thestudycallsattentiontohow
animalscangatherinformationfromtheirenvironmentbyusingcuesthatmayatfirstglanceseemirrelevant/,he
said."Anditmakesyouwonderhowthemoreandmorepci-vasivc(无处不在的)impactofhumanactivitieson
naturalsoundscapesmayreducesurvivalofwildlifeinwayswehaven'tthoughtof.”
1.Whatdoesthenewresearchfindaboutsquirrels'eavesdropping?
A.Itlacksscientificevidence.B.Itismorewidespreadandbroader.
C.Itneedstobefurtherinvestigated.D.Itiscontradictorytopreviousfindings.
2.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?
A.Thesubjectoftheexperiment.B.Thefindingsoftheexperiment.
C.Theprocessoftheexperiment.D.Thepurposeoftheexperiment.
3.Whyisrecognitionofbirdchatterasasignofsafetyimportantfbrsquirrels?
A.Theycanescapefrompotentialrisks.B.Ithelpsthemtoforagefoodsuccessfully.
C.Theycanadapttoanewenvironmentquickly.D.Itensuresheirsafetywhenplayingwiththeirmates.
4.Whatdoes(helastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerning(heresearch?
A.Itsimpacts.B.Itspotentialapplication.
C.Itslimitations.D.Itsfollow-upstudy.
(5)
(2023秋•山东聊城•高三山东聊城一中校联考期末)
The2022FutureSciencePrize,aprivatelyfundedsciencehonorestablishedbyagroupoffamousscientists
andentrepreneurs,called“China'sNobelPrize,^^wasawardedonSundaytothreeChinesescholarsfbrtheir
outstandingachievementinbasicscientificresearch,anexcitingboosttoencourageinnovationinthecountry's
basicscience.
TheLifeScienceAward,thePliysicalScienceAward,andtheMathematicsandComputerScienceAwardof
the2022FutureSciencePrizerespectivelywenttoLiWcnhui,YangXueming,andMokNgai-ming,witheachof
themwinning$1million,theawardorganizerannounced.
LinChao,chairmanofthescientificcommitteeofthe2022FutureSciencePrize,saidthewinners'research
hasachievedgreatinternationalinfluence.Itisthespiritofexplorationandcontinuousscientificresearchofthese
scientiststhathavebroadenedhumanbeings'cognitiveboundariesinthemacroandmicroworld,andsetthe
directionfbranuncertai
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