2024年高考（全国甲卷）英语 阅读七选五真题深层解析+三年真题+题型策略及练习（学生版+解析版）

《2024年高考英语新课标卷真题深度解析与考后提升》

阅读七选五（2024全国甲卷）学生版

（答案解析+官方评价+三年真题+词汇变式+满分策略+话题变式）

目录

一、原题呈现................................................................P2

二、答案解析................................................................P2

三、官方评价................................................................P2

四、题源网站................................................................P3

五、词汇变式...............................................................P4

（一）考纲词汇词形转换.......................................................P4

（二）考纲词汇识词知意.......................................................P4

（三）高频短语厚积薄发.......................................................P5

（四）真题语料单句填空.......................................................P5

伍）长难句分析..............................................................P6

六、三年真题...............................................................P6

（-）2023年全国甲卷阅读七选五.............................................P6

（二）2023年全国乙卷阅读七选五.............................................P7

（=）2022年全国甲卷阅读七选五.............................................P8

（四）2022年全国乙卷阅读七选五.............................................P8

（五）2021年全国甲卷阅读七选五.............................................P9

（六）2021年全国乙卷阅读七选五............................................P10

七、满分策略.............................................................P11

八、话题变式..............................................................P12

人与自我话题健康饮食生活方式10篇......................................P1.2

一、原题呈现

阅读七选五关键词：说明文；人与自我；适度饮食；青少年饮食和健康生活方式；健康意识

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选顷。

Whatismoderation（适度）？Basically,itmeanseatingonlyasmuchfoodasyourbodyneeds.Youshouldfeel

satisfiedat（heendofameal,butnottoofull.36Butitdoesn'tmeansayinggoodbyetothefoodsyoulove.

Takeyourtime.It'simportanttoslowdownandthinkaboutfoodassomethingnutritiousratherthanjust

somethingtocatinbetweenmeetings.37Itactuallytakesafewminutesforyourbraintotellyourbodythat

ithashadenoughfood,soeatslowlyandstopeatingbeforeyoufeelfull.

Eatwithotherswheneverpossible.Eatingalone,“speciallyinfrontoftheTVorcomputer,oftenleadsto

mindlessovereating.Andbecarefulaboutthefoodsyoukeepathand.It'smorechallengingtoeatinmoderationif

youhaveunhealthysnacksattheready,likecookies.38

Controlemotional（情绪的）eating.39Manyofusalsoturntofoodtodealwithunpleasantemotions

suchassadness,loneliness,orboredom.Butbylearninghealthierwayscomanageemotions,youcanregaincontrol

overthefoodyoueatandyourfeelings.

40Ahealthybreakfastcanstartyourmetabolism（新陈代谢），whileeatingsmall,healthymealskeeps

yourenergyupallday.Avoideatinglateatnight.Trytocatdinnerearlierandfastfor14-16hoursuntilbreakfastthe

nextmorning.Studiessuggestthateatingonlywhenyou'remostactiveandgivingyourdigestivesystemalongbreak

eachdaymayhelptoregulateweight.

A.Eatproperlythroughouttheday.

B.Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.

C.Don'tswallowamealonthewaytowork.

D.Mostofusneedtodoubletheamountweeat.

E.Instead,surroundyourselfwithhealthychoices.

F.Formanyofus,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwcdonow.

G.Thalwon'tleadtocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.

二、答案解析

三、官方评价

提倡五育并举，引导学生德智体美劳全面发展

高考英语命题贯彻落实高考内容改革要求，通过选取有关体育、美育和劳动教育的语篇，引

导学生坚持五育并举，实现身心健康成长和德智体美劳全面发展。在体育方面，新课标口卷阅读

A篇介绍了秋季徒步健身活动，引导学生走近大自然，开展体育运动，文中提及多项注意事项，

于潜移默化之中强调了运动安全的重要性。全国甲卷提倡适度饮食，倡导健康生活方式。情绪性

进食是指在情绪波动或压力下，人们因寻求情感安慰或缓解而过量进食的现象。这种行为通常不

是因为身体真正的饥饿感，而是基于情感需求。【中国考试•教育部教育考试院】

四、题源网站

选自biofcmgroup.com网站2019年10月10口名为MODERATION:IMPORTANTTOANYHEALTHYD/£7^J文章。

httDs:〃biofemgrouD.com/n】oderation-imDor【ani-to-any-healthy-diei

/artides/healthy-eating/healthy-eating.htm

HBK*EM

MODERATION:IMPORTANTTOANYHEAUHYDIET

Uliaiismoderationwhenitcoincsiotbod*Inessence,itmeanscaringonlyMmwhfoodas

yuwbod、needs.Youshouldleelsati5Hedaltheendofameal,butnolGulfedlotnian>of

us,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonowBuiitdoesn'tn»eaneliminatingthefbods

yuulo\e.Eatingbaconii>tLNcakGtMonceaweek.RMexample,couldbecmisidcied

nKxleralHmifyouIblbwifwithaheahlnlinich.nxidinnerbulnolifyouf（）ll（mifuifha

bo、ofdonutsandasausagepizza.

lipstoensuremoderation

I'rynottothinkofccrtninfood、M*Whenyoubancertainfoods,it'snaturalto

wantthose(CKKISmore,and(henfeellike<ifailureifyougiveintotemptation.Startby

reducingportionsizesofunlicahhyfbcxlsandnoleatingthemasoften.Asyoureduceyour

intakeofunhealthyfexxis,youmaytindyourselfcravingthemlessorthinkingoftlicmasonly

occasionalindulgences.

"I'hinksmallerportions.Servingsizeshaveballoonedrecently.Whendiningout,choo*K?a

starterinsteadofanentree,splitadishwithafriend,anddon'tordersupersizedanything.By

servingyourmealsonsmallerplatesorinbowlswhenyouarcathome,youcantrickyour

brainintothinkingit’salargerportion.Ifyoudon'tfeelsatisfiedattheendofameal,add

moreleafygreensorroundof!'themealwithfruit.

Takeyourtime.It'simportanttoslowdownandthinkatx>utfoodasnourishmentratherthan

justscMnetliingtogulpdowninbetweenmeetingsoronthewaytopickupthekids.Itachuilly

takesafewminutesforyourbraintotellyourbodythatithashadcnoiiglifood,socatslowly

andstopeatingbefereyoufeelfiill.

五、词汇变式

一、考纲词汇词形转换

1.moderateadj.适中的一n.适中；

2.basicadj.基本上-*adv基本上:

3.nutritionn.营养-*adj有营养的;

4.mindn.思想-*adj盲目的;

5.boredadj.感到厌烦的一n厌烦，厌倦，无聊

6.lonelyadj孤单的-*n.枯燥；

7.healthyadj健康的—•ant.不健康的；

9.pleasanladj愉快的-*ant.不愉快的；

10.digestvt.消化-*adj.消化的。

二、考纲词汇识词知意

1.fullad(

2.overeatingn*

3.regulateV•

4.doubleV■

5.swallowvt.o

三、高频短语厚积薄发

I.takeyourtime；

2.slowdown；

3.inbetween；

4.athand；

5.inmoderation；

6.atcheready；

7.turntosth；

8.regaincontroloversth；

9.keepone'senergyup；

10.digestivesystem；

11.throughouttheday；

12.satisfyhunger；

13.surroundoneselfwithsth

14.leadtodoingsth；

15.giveuponstho

四、真题语料单句填空

I.Whatismoderation(适度)？(basic),itmeans(eat)onlyasmuchfoodasyourbodyneeds.

2.Youshouldfeel(satisfy)attheendofameal,butnottoofull.

3.Formanyofus,moderationmeanseating(little)thanwedonow.

4.Butitdoesn'tmean(say)sayinggoodbyetothefoodsyoulove.

5.Takeyourtime.It'simportant(slow)downandthinkaboutfoodassomething(nutrition)

ratherthanjustsomething(eat)inbetweenmeetings.

6.Don'tswallowamealthewaytowork.actuallytakesafewminutesforyourbrainto

tellyourbodythatithashadenoughfood,soeatslowlyandstop(eat)beforeyoufeelfull.

7.Eatwithotherswheneverpossible.Eatingalone,^speciallyinfrontoftheTVorcomputer,often(lead)

to(mind)overeating.

8.Andbecarefulaboutthefoodsyoukeephand.

9.It'smorechallengingtoeatinmoderationifyouhave(healthy)snacksattheready,likecookies.

Instead,surroundyourselfhealthychoices.

10.Controlemolional(情绪的)eating.Wedon'talwayseatjust(satisfy)hunger.

11.Manyofusalsoturnfoodtodealwith(pleasant)emotionssuchassadness,loneliness,

or(bore).

12.Butbylearninghealthierways(manage)emotions,youcanregaincontrolthefoodyou

eatandyourfeelings.

13.Eat(proper)throughouttheday.Ahealthybreakfastcanstartyourmetabolism(新陈代谢)，while

(cat)small,healthymealskeepsyourenergyupallday.

14.Avoideatinglateatnight.Trytoeatdinner(early)andfastfbr14-16hoursuntilbreakfast(henext

morning.

15.Studiessuggestthateatingonlywhenyou'remostactivegivingyourdigestivesystemalongbreak

eachdaymayhelptoregulateweight.

五、长难句分析

1.Itactuallytakesafewminutesforyourbraintotellyourbodythatithashadenoughfood,socatslowlyandstop

eatingbeforeyoufeelfull.

【翻译】实际上，大脑需要几分钟的时间才能告诉身体它已经吃饱了，所以要慢慢吃，在感觉吃饱之前停

止进食。

【分析】It是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语totellyourbody…，that引导的是宾语从句。

2.Studiessuggestthateatingonlywhenyou'remostactiveandgivingyourdigestivesystemalongbreakeachday

mayhelptoregulateweight.

【翻译】研究表明，只在最活跃的时候进食，让消化系统每天休息很长时间，可能有助于调节体重。

【分析】这个句子是that引导的宾语从句，并列的动词短语eatingonlywhenyouJremostactive和giving

yourdigestivesystemalongbreakeachday作宾语从句的主语。

六、三年真题

[2023年全国甲卷阅读理解七选五】

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

TricksToBecomingAPatientPerson

Here'sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingfbravacationtostartallhaveincommon?There's

oneanswer.36.

IntheDigitalAge,we'reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightatourfingertips.However,

researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we'dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.

•Practicegratitude(感激)

Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.

37.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterseltcontrol,“saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.

•Makeyourselfwait

Instantgratification(满足)mayseemlikethemost**feelgood“optionatthetime,butpsychclogyresearch

suggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitof

waitingistopractice.38Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait1()extraminutes

beforegoingfbrthatcake.You'llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother,

moreannoyingsituations.

•39.

Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperience

somethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,

"40You'llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.

A.Findyourcauses

B.Startwithsmalltasks

C.Accepttheuncomfortable

D.Allthisaddsuptoastateofhurry

E.Itcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatience

F.Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerable

G.They'reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience

【2023年全国乙卷阅读理解七选五】

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsung

heroesofthehome.36,butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople'swellbeingby

improvingtheirmood（心情）,reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.Whafsmore,indoorplantsareeasyto

lookafterandarenotveryexpensive.

Whatareindoorplants?

Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthese

species（物种）arenotideallysuited（ogrowingoutsideintheUK、especiallyinthewinter.37

Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?

WillSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens,says,"38.Ifindduring（hewinter

months,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood."Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthat

indoorplantscanimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscanclean

theairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmful

chemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.39

Whichplantscanyougrow?

Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsarcsomeofthespeciesthatarceasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuy

plantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,and

yougeltocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants."40JSpoelstra

says."Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople'slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeand

nature.

A.Allplantsaredifferent

B.Notonlydotheylookbeautiful

C.Therearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoors

D.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmer

E.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil'stonguearcamongthebest

F.Changingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelp

G.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding

[2022年全国甲卷阅读理解七选五】

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOut

Culturaldiningetiquette（礼节）mightsurpriseyouwithsomeofitsimportantrules.36.Knowing

sometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily——nomatterwhereyouareinthe

world.

ChopstickRules

Thewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourcompanions.Whenyouputthemdown

betweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.

17.

HandsorUtensils（餐具）

InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it'sconsideredveryrudetocatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyouto

eatwithautensilineachhand.38,insteadpreferringtousetheirhands.InChile,youmaynevertouch

anyfoodwithyourfingers.PeopleinThailandgenerallyusetheirforksonly（opushfoodontotheirspoons.

MakingRequests

39.InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon'tliketheir

seasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddcoyourfood.

Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange,but（heyareiinportanlinvarious

countries.40,themorecomfortableyou'Hbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.

A.Themorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetime

B.Themoretimeyouspendinanygivencountry

C.Mexicansconsideri（inappropriatetoeatwithutensils

D.Don'tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurant

E.It'sagoodsignfbrthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplate

F.Neverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethem

G.Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpeppera:ameal

[2022年全国乙卷阅读理解七选五】

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearefivewaystosustain（保持）long-distance

friendships.

,Setaregulardate

Long-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact（联系）andsharewithone

another.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.36.

,Moreisn'talwaysmerrier

Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedand

whatmethodworksbestforyouboth.37.Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,such

asleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.

•Practiseempathy（共情）

38.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditional（imedemandsplacedon

(hefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmay

feelabandoned.

39

Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.Althoughtechnologymight

makeday-to-daycommunicationpossible,extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiary(hat

keepstrackoffriends,birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.

,Don'trelyontechnologyalone

4().butlongdistancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.

Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface-to-facelimetogetherwheneverpossible.

A.Rememberimportantdates

B.Compensatebywritingletters

C.Itisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeper

D.Trytofindatime(hatworksforbothofyouandsticktoit

E.Friendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunication

F.Itiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmedia

G.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind

[2021年全国甲卷阅读理解七选五】

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Swap,Don'tshop!

Youkeephearingaboutrecycling,right?Butitdoesn'tendwithbottles,cans,andpaper.Clothingtakesahuge

amountofnaturalresources(资源)tomake,andbuyingloadsofnewclothing(orthrowingoutoldclothing)isnot

healthyfortheenvironment.Sowhattodowithallthoseperfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them

clothespiledonyourbedroomfloor?16.It'sthebestwaytogetridofyourusedclothes,scoreclothesfrom

yourfriends,andhaveapartyallatthesametime.

Asuccessfulswapdependsoriheselectionofclothes,theorganizationoftheevent,and,obviously,how

muchfunishad.It'sreallyeasytodo!Hereareafewpointers.

•Invite5—10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.17,andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom;

morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.

•18.Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarryiheir"new"clotheshome.

•Putdifferenttypesofclothingondifferentsurfacesintheroom.19Placeafewmirrorsaroundyour

roomsopeoplecanseehowthingslookwhentheytrythemon.Oneofthegroundrulesoftheswapshouldbethat

everyonemusttryontheclothesbeforetheytakethem—thingsalwayslookdifferentwhenyouputthemon.

•Setastartingtime.Maybeycusay"go,"orturnonacertainsong,orwhatever.20.Anddon'tforgetto

putoutsomecookiesandfruits.Remember,it'saparty!

A.Lesspeoplethanthat

B.Holdaclothingswap

C.Iftwopeoplearecompeting

D.Justkeepmusicplayingthroughout

E.Donatewhateverclothesareleftover

F.Haveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspots

G.Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition

[2021年全国乙卷阅读理解七选五】

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

AccordingtoJessicaHagy,authorofHowtoBeInteresting,it'snotdifficulttomakeyourselfinterestingata

dinnerparty.

36、ifyou'reoutofyourcomfortzoneorifyou'rewanderingintosomebody'shousefbrthefirsttime.So

（hemainthingisjusttoshowupandbeadventurous,tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers.

Peoplelovetotalkaboutthemselves.Ifyoucanstarttheconversationwithaquestionotherthan“Whaidoyou

dofbraliving?”,you'Hbeabletogetalotmoreinterestingconversationoutofwhomeveritisyou'retalkingto.

37,itcanbringin"1havethisold,broken-downvehicle”or“Irodethebuswiththesecrazypeoplewhowere

laughingatsillyjokesintheback.nItjustopensupconversation.

38?Ifyoucan'ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox（讲台）.Ifyou're

thehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.39.

Andwhataboutthatotherdinner-partykiller:awkwardsilence?Ifyou'refacedwithanawkwardsilenceata

dinnerparty,theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment（赞扬）.40.

Justquicklyturnaroundandsay,“Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallaboutil.”

Sobeinginterestingatadinnerpartyisn'tthathard.

A.Howdoyouknowthehost

B.Thefirststepistogoexploring

C.Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere?”

D.Bepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangers

E.Orturntheconversationintcatopicwheretheyhavelittletosay

F.Whataboutthatpersonwhohadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalking

G.Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeeling（heweightofthatawkwardnessthemost

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证关系

满分策略

七选五六大方略

高中英语阅读七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段

落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析

理解长难句的能力。可以说，此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试。

从近五年七选五全国卷来看，说明文为主，几乎每年必考，应引起足够重视。

方略一I略读文章抓大意

以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章的大小标题、首段、每段的首句，以及表示句、段关系的连接性词语（特

别是however,but等后的内容）等重要部分，以了解文章的基本结构和内容大意。事实上，一搬只需花570

秒阅读大小标题和第一段首尾句即可。

方略二|重点阅读上下句

因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间语义衔接、逻辑通顺，解题时大多只看上句，或只看下句，就可基

本确定答案。事实上，如果没有时间来得及通读或细读，或者基础不够扎实即使读也读不懂，建议通过以

下技巧，也基本上可以得满分。

方略三|看看结构变轻松

在解题过程中，除了每做一道有把握的题后就在7个选项中将其画掉缩小范围外，通过观察语言结构

也可将选择范围大大缩小，心情变得更加轻松，一般可将7个选项缩小到2〜4个选项，碰对的机率大大提

高。

方略四I词语复现显神功

作者或说话人在谈论某个话题或主题时，与主题相关的词语必定会以原词、同义词或近义词等形式在

上下文中重复出现，这种现象叫词语复现。同一个词的重复出现叫原词复现；以同义词的形式重复出现，

叫同义复现：以近义词或近义表达（意思相近，表达方式不同）的形式重复出现，叫近义复现；以词义相同而

词性不同的形式重复出现，叫同根复现。还有上义词与下义词的复现（adult是teacher,parent的上义词，而

teacher,parent就是adult的下义词）。

方略五I代词逻辑亦管用

我们知道，七选五就是考查上下文之间的衔接，而代词是语篇衔接的重要手段之一，故解题中要善于

利用这一衔接手段。__________

方略六I篇章需要基本功

有的题利用文章或段落的“总一分”结构关系来解，也很管用，但需要以下基本功：懂得整篇文章的基本

结构或段落的语篇结构通常是主题句（总）+支撑句（分）（分述主题的具体内容/说明原因/举例证明等）。

八.话题变式

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