高二英语阅读理解(科普环保)技巧和方法完整版及练习题

高二英语阅读理解(科普环保)技巧和方法完整版及练习题一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

Whilefakingandfiercelooksareamonganimalsgreatdefenses,manyspeciesknowthateveryonerunsfromabigstink(臭气)too.

Vulture(秃鸳)

Vultures,arestreetsweepersthatfeastontherottingfleshofdeadanimals,whichbenefitsusbyriddingourhighwaysandlandscapesofanimalbodiesandthebacteriatheymightcarry.Whenvulturesfeelthreatenedtheyvomit,andthesmellofvomited-ondeadbodiesputsofmostpredators.Throwingupallowsthevulturetoflyawaymorequickly-andthevomitcanhurttheaggressor'seyesandface.

Opossum(负鼠)

Insomewaysopossumshaveiteasy.Inordertobecome"dead",theydon'thavetofaxanyoneadeathcertificate.Theyjustlietherewiththeirtongueshangingoutwiththesmellofdeadflesh,sometimesforhours,effectivelyconvincingpotentialpredatorstheycanfindamuchfreshermealelsewhere.Eveniftheykeepgettingattacked,theywon'tmoveanymorethanahumanstatueuntilthethreathaspassed.

Hoatzin(磨雉)

Holdyournoseandmeetthehoatzin,abirdofdistinctions,nottheleastofwhichisthatitsmellslikefreshcowshit.Theanimalmostlyeatsleavesandit'stheonlybirdknowntodigestbyfermentation,likeacow.Thisprocessiswhatcausesitssmellandhasearneditthenicknamethe"stinkbird

Millipedes(千足虫)

Millipedesaretricky.Forstarterstheylookwormy.Theirnameisdeceptive,too:Theirlegsnumberabout750.Theirmajordefenseistocurlupintoaball.They,though,alsoreleaseaharmeyes,andleaveahorriblesmellontheirattackers.

SeaHare(海兔)

Thegracefulseahareisplainintasteinthefirstplace,soit'snotthemostpopulardishintheseafoodchain.Nonethelessthistypeofseacreaturehasaprettycreativesmell-relateddefensethatisalmosttheoppositeofitssmellycompanionsonthislist.Theseaharegivesoutaslimy,purpleink,thesubstancewhichmakesfoodlesspalatabletopredators.

Researchersusinglobsters(2-f)asmodelpredatorsfoundthattheseablocksthelobstersreceptivemechanism.Inotherwords,theseaharegivesitsattackertheequivalentofastuffynosesotheydon'tknowhowappealingitis.（1）Theseaharedefendsitselffrompredatorsby________.A.

becomingplainintasteatthediscoveryofapredatorB.

givingoutpurpleinktomakeitselfinvisibletopredatorsC.

releasingsubstancetomakepredatorsunabletosmellitD.

givingoffsmellygastotrytodrivepredatorsaway（2）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.

Thevulturecarriesbacteriasothatpredatorsdarenotgetclosetoit.B.

Theopossumfakesitsdeathtoavoidbeingtargetedbypredators.C.

Thehoatzineatscowshitsothatitisnick-namedas"stinkbird".D.

Thegasreleasedbymillipedewasbasicallyharmless.（3）Thespeciesthatenjoysmorethanonedefensemechanismis________.A.

vulture

B.

opossum

C.

millipede

D.

seahare【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些野生动物是如何进行自身防御的。（1）考查细节理解。根据

SeaHare(海兔)部分中的“Theseaharegivesoutaslimy,purpleink,thesubstancewhichmakesfoodlesspalatabletopredators.”可知，海兔身上散发出黏糊糊的紫色墨水，这种物质使得捕食者对食物不那么感兴趣，从而保护自己免受捕食者的伤害。故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据

Opossum(负鼠)部分中的“Inordertobecome‘dead’,theydon'thavetofaxanyoneadeathcertificate.Theyjustlietherewiththeirtongueshangingoutwiththesmellofdeadflesh,sometimesforhours,effectivelyconvincingpotentialpredatorstheycanfindamuchfreshermealelsewhere.”可知，负鼠假装死亡，让捕食者在其他地方找到更新鲜的食物，以避免成为捕食者的目标。故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据Millipedes(千足虫)部分中的“Theirmajordefenseistocurlupintoaball.They,though,alsoreleaseaharmeyes,andleaveahorriblesmellontheirattackers.”可知，千足虫主要防守是蜷成一团。然而，它们也会释放出有害的

眼睛，并在攻击者身上留下可怕的气味。从而可以推断出，千足虫是拥有多种防御机制的物种。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2．犇犇阅读下面文章，然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出每个问题的最佳选项。

Whenweseeapersonintrouble,thefirstideathatcomestoourmindistolendahand.Butwhatifweseeananimalintrouble,doesthesameruleapply?

Thisquestionwasraisedafteragroupofpenguinsweresavedfromanicygully(峡谷)inAntarctica.ItwasfilmedfortheBBCwildlifeseriesDynasties.Thefilmcrewwereanxiouswhentheysawthatagroupofpenguinshadfallenintoagullyandbeentrappedwiththeiryoung.Theybuiltaslope(斜坡)sothatafewofthepenguinscouldsavethemselves.

Thecasehastakentheinternationalmediabystorm.Viewerswatchingthisfilmletoutasighofrelief."I'msoglad.Iunderstandnottakingactiondirectly,butahelpinghandisn'tbothering,right?"viewerKathrynShawsaidonherFacebook.

However,othersthinkhumaninterference(干涉)isunnatural."Youcan'thavesunshinethroughoutyourlife.Tohavedoneanythingelsewouldonlymakemattersworse,"saidtheshow'screatorDavidAttenborough,accordingtoTheTimes.

Inthiscase,however,MikeGunton,theexecutiveproduceroftheseries,saidthatthiswasaone-offsituation."Therewerenoanimalsgoingtosufferbyinterfering.Youweren'ttouchingtheanimalsanditwasjustfeltbydoingthis...theyhadthechancenottohavetokeepslippingdowntheslope,"hetoldtheBBC.

SuchcasesarefamiliartoPaulNicklen,wildlifephotographerforNationalGeographic.HetoldMetro,"Ifit'severapredator(捕食者)situation,nomatterhowgut-wrenching,youstayoutoftheway.Evenwhenyou'rewatchingamalepolarbeareatababybear."

"There'snorulebookinthosesituations.Youcanonlyrespondtothefactsthatarerightthereinfrontofyou,"WillLawson,theshow'sdirector,toldDailyMail.（1）Whathasledtoaheatedmediadiscussion?A.People'svariousremarksonpenguins.B.Therescueofpenguinsfromagully.C.Somepenguins'sufferingsinagully.D.WaysoffilmingtheseriesDynasties.（2）Whoholdsapositiveattitudetowardshumaninterference?A.KathrynShaw.B.WillLawson.C.PaulNieklen.D.DavidAttenborough.（3）Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheword"gut-wrenching"underlinedinparagraph6?A.Puttingoneinplace.B.Makingoneconfused.C.Puttingoneindanger.D.Makingoneheartbroken.（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ReasonsfortheNecessityofLendingaHandtoAnimalsB.SuggestionsonHowtoProtectAnimalsFromDangerC.EffectsofHumanInterferenceonDangerousAnimalsD.OpinionsonWhethertoHelpAnimalsinTroubleorNot【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了当动物们面临危险时，我们是否要伸出援救之手，以及如何去保护它们脱险。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Thefilmcrewwereanxiouswhentheysawthatagroupofpenguinshadfallenintoagullyandbeentrappedwiththeiryoung.Theybuiltaslope（斜坡）sothatafewofthepenguinscouldsavethemselves.”和第三段中的“Thecasehastakentheinternationalmediabystorm”可知，从峡谷中救出企鹅这一事件引起了大家的热议。故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“I'msoglad.Iunderstandnottakingactiondirectly,butahelpinghandisn'tbothering,right?"viewerKathrynShawsaidonherFacebook.”可知，她对帮助动物是很赞成的，故选A。（3）考查词义猜测。根据上文大家对干涉动物的行为有不同观点，再结合下文的“youstayoutoftheway.Evenwhenyou'rewatchingamalepolarbeareatababybear."可知，此句句意为：如果这是个捕食的情景，无论你是多么的心碎，你都不能干预。结合四个选项可知，此处用Makingoneheartbroken（心碎）最合句意。故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。本文就救助企鹅的视频引发的热议讲述了当动物面临危险时，我们如何伸出援助之手给出了一些建议。因此，本文的最佳标题应为“若何保护动物脱险的建议”。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科教类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Boomerangchildrenwhoreturntolivewiththeirparentsafteruniversitycanbegoodforfamilies,leadingtocloser,moresupportiverelationshipsandincreasedcontactbetweenthegenerations,astudyhasfound.

Thefindingscontradictresearchpublishedearlierthisyearshowingthatreturningadultchildrentriggerasignificantdeclineintheirparents'qualityoflifeandwellbeing.

Theyoungadultstakingpartinthestudywere"morepositivethanmighthavebeenexpectedaboutmovingbackhome—theshameisreducedassomanyoftheirpeersareinthesameposition,andtheyacknowledgedthebenefitsoftheirparents'financialandemotionalsupport.Daughterswerehappierthansons,oftenslippingbackeasilyintoteenagepatternsofbehaviour,thestudyfound.

Parentsonthewholeweremoreuncertain,expressingconcernaboutthelikelydurationofthearrangementandhowtomanageit.Buttheyacknowledgedthatthingsweredifferentforgraduatestoday,wholeaveuniversitywithhugedebtsandfewerjobopportunities.

Thefamiliesfeaturedinthestudyweremiddle-classandtendedtoviewtheachievementofadultindependencefortheirchildrenasa"familyproject".Parentsacceptedthattheirchildrenrequiredsupportasuniversitystudentsandthenasgraduatesreturninghome,astheytriedtofindjobspayingenoughtoenablethemtomoveoutandgetonthehousingladder.

"However",thestudysays,"day-to-daytensionsabouttheprospectsofachievingdifferentdimensionsofindependence,whichinafewextremecasescameclosetoconflict,characterisedtheexperienceofamajorityofparentsandalittleoverhalfthegraduates".

Areasofdisagreementincludedchores,moneyandsociallife.Whileparentswerekeentohelp,theyalsowanteddifferentrelationshipsfromthosetheyhadwiththeirownparents,andcontinuingtosupporttheiradultchildrenallowedthemtoremainclose.（1）Whatisthefindingofthepreviousresearch?A.

Boomerangchildrenmadetheirparentshappier.B.

Theparentswerelookingforwardtotheirchildren'sreturn.C.

Theparents'qualityoflifebecameworsethanbefore.D.

Boomerangchildrenneverdidanyhousework.（2）Theunderlinedword"trigger"inParagraph2maybebestreplacedby________.A.

cause

B.

defeat

C.

arise

D.

allow（3）Whatistheattitudeofthecollegegraduatestowardsreturninghome?A.

Theyareashamedofturningtotheirparentsforhelp.B.

Theyaregladthattheycouldcomeback.C.

Theyaredoubtfulaboutwhethertheyshouldreturn.D.

Theyareproudtobeindependentfromthefamily.（4）Whatcanbeinferredasthereasonforthe"boomerangchildren"phenomenon?A.

Thechildrenwanttokeepinclosertouchwiththeirparents.B.

Theparentsarewillingtoprovidesupporttotheirchildren.C.

Itisharderforthechildrentosecureasatisfyingjob.D.

Thereismorehouseworkneededtobedonebythechildren.（5）Whatisthesideeffectoftheboomerangchildrenphenomenon?A.

Bothparentsandchildrenenjoyamoreharmoniousrelationship.B.

Neitherparentsnorchildrenwanttodothechoresathome.C.

Notonlyparentsbutalsochildrenwanttobeindependent.D.

Thereareoccasionalquarrelsbetweenparentsandchildren.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）C（5）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项研究发现，“回巢族”子女在大学毕业后回到父母身边生活对家庭是有好处的，他们会与父母建立更亲密、更具支持性的关系，并增进两代人之间的联系。而这一发现与今年早些时候发表的一项研究结果相矛盾，该研究显示，返乡的成年子女会导致父母的生活质量和幸福感显著下降。父母和孩子对于独立的紧张情绪会导致父母和子女之间偶尔的争吵。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Thefindingsdisagreewiththeresearchpublishedearlierthisyearshowingthatreturningadultchildrentriggerasignificantworseningintheirparents'qualityoflifeandwellbeing.”这一发现与今年早些时候发表的一项研究结果不一致，早些的研究显示，返乡的成年子女会导致父母的生活质量和幸福感显著恶化。可知，以往的研究显示，返乡的成年子女会导致父母的生活质量和幸福感比之前更差，故选C。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Thefindingsdisagreewiththeresearchpublishedearlierthisyearshowingthatreturningadultchildrentriggerasignificantworseningintheirparents'qualityoflifeandwellbeing.”通过新旧研究对比，以往的研究表明，返乡的成年子女会导致父母的生活质量和幸福感显著下降。即可推理划线部分单词trigger意为“导致，致使”，与cause意义一致。故选A。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Theyoungadultstakingpartinthestudywere‘morepositivethanmighthavebeenexpected’aboutmovingbackhome–theshameisreducedassomanyoftheirfriendsareinthesameposition,andtheyacknowledgedthebenefitsoftheirparents'financialandemotionalsupport.”参与这项研究的年轻人对于搬回家“比预期的更积极”——他们的羞愧感减少了，因为他们的许多朋友都处于同样的处境，而且他们承认父母在经济和情感上的支持是有好处的。）可知，大学毕业生对回家的态度是积极的，很高兴能够回家，故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Buttheyacknowledgedthatthingsweredifferentforgraduatestoday,wholeaveuniversitywithhugedebtsandfewerjobopportunities.”但他们承认，如今的毕业生情况有所不同，他们毕业时背负着巨额债务，工作机会也更少。由此推断出，孩子们很难找到一份满意的工作，故选C。（5）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"‘However’,thestudysays,‘day-to-daytensionsabouttheprospectsofachievingdifferentdimensionsofindependence,whichinafewextremecasescameclosetoconflict”可知对于实现不同层面独立前景的日常紧张情绪，是大多数家长和略多于一半毕业生经历的特征。在少数极端情况下，这种紧张情绪接近冲突。可知回巢族孩子现象的副作用是在少数情况下，紧张情绪会导致父母和孩子之间偶尔发生争吵。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4．犇犇阅读理解

Asingledose(剂量)ofanexperimentalvaccine(疫苗)canprotectmiceagainsttheZika(寨卡)virus,raisingrenewedhopeofavaccineforhumans,sayscientists.TheUSteamsaytheresults,publishedinNature,are"striking"andshouldencourageresearchefforts.

Testsinhumanscouldbegininmonths.Butevenifthesegowell,alicensedvaccineforwidespreadusetoprotectthoseatmostrisk­suchaspregnantwomen­wouldstillbeyearsaway,expertsadvise.ZikahasbeenspreadingacrossCentralandSouthAmericaand,mostrecently,Africa.Morethan60countriesandterritoriesnowhavecontinuingtransmission(传播)ofthedisease,whichiscarriedbymosquitoes.Theviruscausesseriousbirthdamagesduringpregnancyandhasbeendeclaredaglobalpublichealthemergency.

Now,developingavaccineforpregnantwomentoprotecttheirunbornbabiesisaninternationalresearchpriority(优先事项).USscientistsfromtheWalterReedArmyInstituteofResearch,theBethIsraelDeaconessMedicalCenterandHarvardMedicalSchooltestedtwotypesofZikavaccineinmice–onebasedonbitsofgenetic(基因的)codefromthevirusandanotherthatisaninactive(andthereforeharmless)copyofZika.Bothworkedwell,protectingeverymousethatwasimmunisedagainstthevirus.Incomparison,allofthemicenotgiventhevaccinecaughtZikaaftertheywereexposedtoit.

Researcherssaytheywillpushaheadwithdevelopingtheneededvirusvaccine.Therearemanyexistingvaccinesforotherdiseasethatusethistypeoftechnology,whiletherearerelativelyfewDNA­basedvaccines.Ofcourse,futuretestswillneedtocheckthevaccineissafeandeffectiveinhumans,aswellashowlongtheimmunitymightlast.（1）Ifthetestsinhumansgosmoothly,

.A.

avaccineforuseinthelaboratorywillbestillbeyearsaway.B.

pregnantwomeninAfricawillbethefirsttobenefitfromthevaccine.C.

alicensedvaccinewillstillnotbeaccessibleinashortterm.D.

TheZikaviruswillcauselessseriousbirthdefectsduringpregnancyinmonths.（2）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.

manycountriesareactivelyinvolvedintheresearchoftheZikavaccine.B.

USscientistshavetestedmorethantwotypesofZikavaccineinmice.C.

NoneofthemicegiventhevaccinecaughtZika.D.

Itisstillunknownwhetherthevaccineissafeandeffective.（3）Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.

Zikavaccine'worksverywell'inmiceB.

ZikavaccinestillhasalongwaytogoC.

InternationalresearchesintoZikahavepaidoffD.

MoreattentionhasbeenpaidtoZikavaccine【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家发现一种实验性疫苗可以保护小鼠免受寨卡病毒侵袭。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Butevenifthesegowell,alicensedvaccineforwidespreadusetoprotectthoseatmostrisk­suchaspregnantwomen­wouldstillbeyearsaway"可知，但是，即使这些进展顺利，一种广泛用于保护高危人群的授权疫苗仍需数年时间，也就是说如果人体试验进展顺利的话，短期内仍无法获得授权疫苗，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"USscientistsfromtheWalterReedArmyInstituteofResearch,theBethIsraelDeaconessMedicalCenterandHarvardMedicalSchooltestedtwotypesofZikavaccineinmice"可知，美国科学家在白鼠身上只测试了两种而不是两种以上的寨卡病毒，故选B。（3）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Asingledose(剂量)ofanexperimentalvaccine(疫苗)canprotectmiceagainsttheZika(寨卡)virus,"可知，一种实验性疫苗可以保护小鼠免受寨卡病毒侵袭，由此可知，本文主要介绍的是寨卡病毒疫苗对小白鼠非常有效，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．犇犇阅读理解

Newsanchors(主播)musthavebeenreluctanttoreadoutthefollowingnews:XinXiaomengbeganworkingastheworld'sfirstfemaleartificial(人工的)intelligencenewsanchoratXinhuaNewsAgencyonSunday,threemonthsafteramalerobotjoinedtheprofession.

Unlikepreviousnewsrobotsthough,Xindoesnotreadnewslikeacoldmachine;shereadsitalmostlikeahumanbeing.Themusclesonherfacestretchandrelax-andherreactionschange-asshecontinuesreading.That'swhymanynewsanchorswereworried:WillAIreplaceusinthenearfuture?

Tofindtheanswer,wehavetoanalysethetechnologiesthatsupportXinatherjob.ThreekeytechnologiesareusedtosupportXin.First,samplesofhumanvoicesarecollectedandsynthesized(合成).Thisisfollowedbythecollectionandsynthesisofhumanmusclemovementsamples.AndthirdthevoicesandmovementsaremarriedinawaythatwhentheAlnewsanchorreads,themicro-electricmotorsbehindherfacemovetomakeherexpressionsseemmorehuman.

Yetweneedathoroughknowledgeofdeepleaningtechnologytomakearobotimitateaperson'svoice.Thedeveloperneedstocollecttensofthousandsofpiecesofpronunciations,inputthemintothemachineandmatchthemwiththetextortheAltoleanandread.Theprocessforimitatingfacialmovementsissimilar.Thedeveloperhastoanalysethemovementsofthe53musclesinthehumanface,makeamodelsetfromthecollecteddatafortheAInewsanchortolean,andimitatethemovementsoffacialmusclesviaprograms

BoththetechnologiesusedtomakeXin'sperformanceimpressivearemature.Therealdifficultyliesinthethird-thetechnologytomatchthepronunciationswithfacialmovementssothatXinexpressionsvaryaccordingtothecontentofthenewsreport.Infact,Xinsexpressionsdon'talwayschangeaccordingtothecontent.Asaresult,herexpressionslookanythingbuthuman.Actually.AIisstillnomatchforhumanqualities.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"reluctant"inthefirstparagraphmean?A.

Delighted.

B.

Unwilling.

C.

Confused.

D.

Optimistic.（2）Whatcanweinferaboutpreviousnewsrobots?A.

Theyreadnewswithoutexpressions.B.

TheylookedlikeahumanbeingC.

TheycouldinterviewsportsstarsD.

Theycouldinteractwithaudience.（3）Whatdoweknowaboutthethirdtechnology?A.

ThistechnologyisveryperfectsofarB.

ThistechnologyisquitepopularnowC.

ThistechnologyremainsatthetheoreticalstageD.

Thistechnologyisfarfrommature.（4）Fromthelastparagraph,wecandrawaconclusionthat____.A.

humannewsanchorsshouldlearnfromATanchorstosavetheirjobsB.

AlanchorsperformmuchbetterthanhumannewsanchorsatpresentC.

Alnewsanchorswon'treplacehumannewsanchorsinthenearfutureD.

XinXiaomengsexpressionsvarysonaturallythattheyaretruetolife【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，上周日，新华社新闻主播辛晓萌成为世界上第一位女性人工智能新闻主播，作者介绍了人工智能背后的技术，并指出在不久的将来，人工智能新闻主播不会取代人类新闻主播。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"XinXiaomengbeganworkingastheworld'sfirstfemaleartificial(人工的)intelligencenewsanchoratXinhuaNewsAgencyonSunday"及第二段中的"That'swhymanynewsanchorswereworried:WillAIreplaceusinthenearfuture?"可知，担心将来自己的工作会被人工智能取代的新闻主播一定不愿意透露下面这个消息：上周日，新华社新闻主播辛晓萌成为世界上第一位女性人工智能新闻主播，由此可知画线词词义为"不愿意的"，故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Unlikepreviousnewsrobotsthough,Xindoesnotreadnewslikeacoldmachine;shereadsitalmostlikeahumanbeing.Themusclesonherfacestretchandrelax-andherreactionschange-asshecontinuesreading."可知，与以前的机器人主播不同的是，辛晓萌读起来不像一台冷冰冰的机器，就像是一个活生生的人，她读新闻的时候脸上的肌肉能够伸展和放松，面部反应也发生了变化，由此可知，以前的机器人主播读新闻时面无表情，故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Therealdifficultyliesinthethird-thetechnologytomatchthepronunciationswithfacialmovementssothatXinexpressionsvaryaccordingtothecontentofthenewsreport.Infact,Xinsexpressionsdon'talwayschangeaccordingtothecontent.Asaresult,herexpressionslookanythingbuthuman."可知，真正的难点在于第三技术，使辛晓萌的面部表情根据新闻报道的内容而变化，事实上，辛晓萌的表情不总是随着内容而变化，她的表情一点也不像人类，由此可知，第三技术还远远不够成熟，故选D。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Actually.AIisstillnomatchforhumanqualities."可知，人工智能仍无法与人类素质相匹敌，由此可知，在不久的将来，人工智能新闻主播不会取代人类新闻主播，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。6．犇犇阅读理解

InareasliketheCentralUnitedStatesthatgetlotsoftornadoes,there'sacommonpieceofcelestial（天上的）fortune-tellingthatgreenskiesmeanatornadoisonitsway.Researchhasshownthatitisn'tquiteassimpleasthat,butscientistshavefoundthatifyouseeagreensky,youshouldprobablygoinside.Asfarasmostscientistscantell,thegreenskiesaroundpowerfulthunderstormsareusuallyacombinationofredsunsetsandwaterdroplets.

Daytimeskiesarebluebecauseblueshorterwavelengthsofvisiblelighttendtobounceoff（反射）airmoleculesbetterthanredlongerwavelengthlight.Sothebluelightgetsbouncedallovertheskyandlookslikeit'scomingfromeverywhere.Meanwhile,aroundsunsetsunlighttravelsthroughsomuchatmospherethatjustaboutalltheblueisbouncedawayfromthehorizon,leavingallthoseredsandorangesbehind.Thesunsetmightlookexclusively（独有的）redandorange,butthere'sstillsomegreenandevenbluelighthiddeninthere,justfarlessthantheothercolors.Butforustonoticetheremaininggreenlight,itneedstohitsomethingthatreflectsgreenlightmuchbetterthanred.That'swherewatercomesin.

Bigtallthreateningstormcloudsaremadeofwaterdroplets,andeventhoughwaterisbestatreflectingbluelight,itcanstillreflectgreenprettywell,muchbetterthanredsandoranges,sounderjusttherightconditions,thewaterinandaroundacloudcanbouncethegreenlighthiddeninthesunsetrightintooureyesmakingtheskylookgreen.

Still,noneoftheconditionsthatcanturnskiesgreenareuniquetothecloudsthatproducetornadoes.Sometimestheyjustleadtolotsofrain,andmaybesomehail.Soifyouseehugestormcloudsrollinginandagreentint（色调）inthesky,itdoesn'tnecessarilymeanthere'sabouttobeatornado,butitdoesmeanyoushouldprobablyheadindoors.（1）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.

WhyDotheCentralUnitedStatesGetTornadoesB.

DoGreenSkiesMeanaComingTornadoC.

ACommonPieceofCelestialFortune-tellingD.

GreenSkiesAreUniquetoClouds（2）Whyaretheskiesblueinthedaytime?A.

Becauseonlybluelightcanbebouncedinthedaytime.B.

Becausethereismorebluelightthanlightofothercolors.C.

Becausebluelightisbouncedalloverthesky.D.

Becauseredlightisweakerthanbluelight.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph2referto?A.

Thesunset.

B.

Redlight.

C.

Bluelight.

D.

Water.（4）Whatcanwelearnaboutfromthetext?A.

Stormcloudsaremadeofwaterdropletsandgreenlight.B.

Watercanreflectredlightaswellasbluelight.C.

Thereareonlyredandorangelightsinthesunsets.D.

Ifyouseeagreensky,therewillbeatornado.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家发现天空呈现绿色并不是产生龙卷风的云层所独有的，有时它们会导致大量降雨，甚至冰雹，待在室内或许是最好的选择。（1）考查主旨大意。通读全文，根据第一段中的“there'sacommonpieceofcelestial（天上的）fortune-tellingthatgreenskiesmeanatornadoisonitsway.”和最后一段中的“Still,noneoftheconditionsthatcanturnskiesgreenareuniquetothecloudsthatproducetornadoes.Sometimestheyjustleadtolotsofrain,andmaybesomehail.”可知，本文主要话题是关注绿色的天空是否意味着即将来临的龙卷风展开的，故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Daytimeskiesarebluebecauseblueshorterwavelengthsofvisiblelighttendtobounceoff（反射）airmoleculesbetterthanredlongerwavelengthlight.”可知，白天天空是蓝色,因为蓝色短的波长的可见光会反射空气分子比红色的长波长光。故选C。（3）考查代词指代。根据第二段中的“Thesunsetmightlookexclusively（独有的）redandorange,butthere'sstillsomegreenandevenbluelighthiddeninthere,justfarlessthantheothercolors.”可知，选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Butforustonoticetheremaininggreenlight,itneedstohitsomethingthatreflectsgreenlightmuchbetterthanred.That'swherewatercomesin.”可知，水既能反射蓝光，也能反射红光，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

Richcountriesareracingtodematerialisepayments.Theyneedtodomoretopreparefortheside-effects.

Forthepast3,000years,whenpeoplethoughtofmoneytheythoughtofcash.Overthepastdecade,however,digitalpaymentshavetakenoff—tappingyourplasticonaterminalorswipingasmartphonehasbecomenormal.Nowthisrevolutionisabouttoturncashintoanendangeredspeciesinsomericheconomies.Thatwillmaketheeconomymoreefficient—butitalsocausesnewproblemsthatcouldholdbackthetransition(转型).

Countriesareremovingcashatvaryingspeeds.InSwedenthenumberofretailcashtransactionperpersonhasfallenby80%inthepasttenyears.Americaisperhapsadecadebehind.Outsidetherichworld,cashisstillking.Buteventhereitsleadingroleisbeingchallenged.InChinadigitalpaymentsrosefrom4%ofallpaymentsin2012to34%in2017.

Cashisdyingoutbecauseoftwoforces.Oneisdemand—youngerconsumerswantpaymentsystemsthatplugeasilyintotheirdigitallives.Butequallyimportantisthatsupplierssuchasbanksandtechfirms(indevelopedmarkets)andtelecomscompanies(inemergingones)aredevelopingfast,easy-to-usepaymenttechnologiesfromwhichtheycanpulldataandpocketfees.Thereisahighcosttorunningtheinfrastructurebehindthecasheconomy—ATMs,vanscarryingnotes,tellerswhoacceptcoins.Mostfinancialfirmsarekeentoabandonit,ordiscourageold-fashionedcustomerswithheavyfees.

Inthemain,theprospectofacashlesseconomyisexcellentnews.Cashisinefficient.Whenpaymentsdematerialise,peopleandshopsarelessopentotheft.Italsocreatesacredithistory,helpingconsumersborrow.

Yetsetagainstthesebenefitsareacoupleofworries.Electronicpaymentsystemsmayrisktechnicalfailures,powerfailureandcyber-attacks.Inacashlesseconomythepoor,theelderlyandcountryfolkmaybeleftbehind.Andadigitalsystemcouldletgovernmentswatchoverpeople'sshoppinghabitsandprivatemultinationalsexploittheirpersonaldata.（1）Somerichcountriesaretryingto

.A.

dematerializemoneyB.