高三英语阅读理解(人生百味)各地方试卷集合汇编及解析

高三英语阅读理解(人生百味)各地方试卷集合汇编及解析一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类1．阅读理解

AtopalmosteveryTokyovisitor'smust-seelist,Harajukuisoneofthecity'smostnamed-checkedneighborhoods.Here'saquicklookatsomeofthehighlightseveryHarajukuvisitorshouldexperience.

TakeshitaStreet

Thefirstthingyou'regoingtowanttodoisgetsuckedintothevortexofTakeshitaStreet,thebestplacetotrypurikuruphotoboothsandobservethelatestcosplaytrends-fromCothicLolitatocyberpunk.

WEGOisapopularfashionchainofferingthelatesttrendsandasectionforvintageclothes.Tutuannaiswhereyoucanfindinterestingsocksthatwilladdanampledoseofkawaiitoyouroutfit.

CatStreet

CatStreetismorerelaxingplacetostrollandshop,withstoresfocusingonhigher-endbrands.

RAGTAGisthebestplacetofindsecond-handitems.HarajukuChicagoboastsawidevarietyofvintageclothes,includingbaseballteamhappicoatsandtraditionalkimonos.

OmotesandoAvenue

AnotherfamousshoppingstreetOmotesandoAvenueisalarge,tree-linedthoroughfarethatcutsthroughHarajukuandisfilledwithhundredsofshopsandrestaurants.

SukajyanDept,atinysouvenirjacketstore,ispackedwiththeworksofKenKakinuma.TOKYUPlazaOmotesandoHarajukuiswhereyou'llfindthatfamousmirroredentrancewaythatsomanytravelersshareontheinternet.（1）Ifyouwanttobuyvintageclothing,whereshouldyougo?A.WEGO&Tutuanna.B.SukajyanDept&RAGTAG.C.WEGO&HarajukuChicago.D.RAGTAG&HarajukuChicago.（2）WhenvisitingOmotesandoAvenue,youmay

.A.buyinterestingsocks.B.takearelaxingwalk.C.trypurikuraphotobooths.D.postthemirroredentrancewayonline.（3）Whichsectionofthewebsitemaythetextbechosenfrom?A.Travel.B.Business.C.Entertainment.D.Fashion.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了东京原宿三条著名的商业街及其特色。（1）考查细节理解。根据TakeshitaStreet部分中的”WEGOisapopularfashionchainoffering...vintageclothes”可知，WEGO销售老式衣服；根据CatStreet部分中的“HarajukuChicagoboastsawidevarietyofvintageclothes”可知，HarajukuChicago也卖老式衣服。故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据OmotesandoAvenue部分中的”TokyuPlazaOmotesandoHarajukuis...thatsomanytravelersshareontheInternet”可知，原宿表参道东急购物中心是许多游客在网上分享的著名的有镜子的入口的地方。可推知，在参观表参道大街的时候，你可能做的事情是找到在网上发布有镜子的入口。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的”AtopalmosteveryTokyovisitor'smust-seelist”和”everyHarajukuvisitorshouldexperience”和下文的内容可知，本文主要为旅游者介绍东京原宿的旅游商业街。可知，本文可能选自网站的旅游版块。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解

Giveyourselfatest.Whichwayisthewindblowing?Howmanykindsofwildflowerscanbeseenfromyourfrontdoor?Ifyourawarenessisassharpasitcouldbe,you'llhavenotroubleansweringthesequestions.

Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.Achild'sdayisfilledwithfascination,newnessandwonder.Curiositygaveusallanaturalawareness.Butdistinctionsthatweresharptousaschildrenbecomeunclear;wearenumb(麻木的）tonewstimulation(刺激),newideas.Relearningtheartofseeingtheworldaroundusisquitesimple,althoughittakespracticeandrequiresbreakingsomebadhabits.

Thefirststepinawakeningsensesistostoppredictingwhatwearegoingtoseeandfeelbeforeitoccurs.Thisblocksawareness.OnechillynightwhenIwashikingintheRockyMountainswithsomestudents,Imentionedthatweweregoingtocrossamountainstream.Thestudentsbegancomplainingabouthowcolditwouldbe.Wereachedthestream,andtheyunwillinglywalkedahead.Theywerealmostknee-deepwhentheyrealizeditwasahotspring.Latertheyalladmittedthey'dfeltcoldwateratfirst.

Anotherblocktoawarenessistheobsession(痴迷)manyofushavewithnamingthings.Isawbirdwatcherswhospottedabird,immediatelylookeditupinfieldguides,andsaid,a"ruby-crownedkinglet"andcheckeditoff.Theynolongerpaidattentiontothebirdandneverlearnedwhatitwasdoing.

Thepressuresof"time"and"destination"arefurtherblockstoawareness.Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadistantcamp-groundwithjustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark.Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhat'saroundthem.Iaskedthemwhatthey'dseen."Oh,afewbirds,"theysaid.Theyseemedbentontheirdestinations.

Natureseemstounfoldtopeoplewhowatchandwait.Nexttimeyoutakeawalk,nomatterwhereitis,takeinallthesights,soundsandsensations.Wanderinthisframeofmindandyouwillopenanewdimensiontoyourlife.（1）AccordingtoParagraph2,comparedwithadults,childrenaremore

.A.

anxioustodowonders

B.

sensitivetoothers'feelingsC.

likelytodevelopunpleasanthabits

D.

eagertoexploretheworldaroundthem（2）WhatideadoestheauthorconveyinParagraph3?A.

Toavoidjumpingtoconclusions.

B.

Tostopcomplainingallthetime.C.

Tofollowtheteacher'sadvice.

D.

Toadmitmistakeshonestly.（3）Thebirdwatchers'behaviorshowsthatthey

.A.

areverypatientintheirobservation

B.

arereallyfascinatedbynatureC.

careonlyaboutthenamesofbirds

D.

questiontheaccuracyofthefieldguides（4）Whydothehikerstakenonoticeofthesurroundingsduringthejourney?A.

Thenaturalbeautyisn'tattractivetothem.B.

Theyfocusonarrivingatthecampintime.C.

Theforestinthedarkisdangerousforthem.D.

Theyarekeentoseerarebirdsatthedestination.（5）Inthepassage,theauthorintendstotellusweshould

.A.

filloursensestofeelthewondersoftheworldB.

getridofsomebadhabitsinourdailylifeC.

openourmindtonewthingsandideasD.

tryourbesttoprotectnature【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B（5）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，我们有多久没有仔细观察我们周围的世界了。作者通过此文要告诉我们：放慢脚步,带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的”Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.Achild'sdayisfilledwithfascination,newnessandwonder.“可知,与成人相比较,孩子观察得更多,孩子的一天充满了魔力、新奇和惊奇。从而可以推断出孩子更急于探索他们周围的世界。故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段作者叙述在一个寒冷的夜晚,作者和学生徒步旅行穿过一条小溪的时候,学生们抱怨水太冷而不愿往前走,结果事实上那是一个温泉。作者举这样一个事例是为了向读者传递这样的观念：避免过早下结论。故选A。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”Anotherblocktoawarenessistheobsession(痴迷)manyofushavewithnamingthings.“可知,鸟观察者发现鸟后只关心鸟的名字,并不关心它在做什么。故选C。（4）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的”Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadistantcamp-groundwithjustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark.Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhat'saroundthem.“可知,徒步旅行者只关心能够及时到达目的地,而很少关心周围的事物。故选B。（5）考查推理判断。作者想要通过此文要告诉我们：大自然只展现给那些善于观察和等待的人,带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙吧。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

DidyouknowthatAlbertEinsteincouldnotspeakuntilhewasfouryearsold,andcouldnotreaduntilhewasseven?Hisparentsandteachersworriedabouthismentalability.

Beethoven'smusicteachersaidabouthim,"Asacomposer(作曲家)heishopeless."Whatifthisyoungboyhadbelievedit?

WhenThomasEdisonwasayoungboy,histeacherssaidhewassostupidthathecouldneverlearnanything.Heoncesaid,"IrememberIusedtoneverbeabletogetalongatschool.Iwasalwaysatthefootofmyclass...MyfatherthoughtIwasstupid,andIalmostdecidedthatIwasastupidperson."WhatifyoungThomashadbelievedwhattheysaidabouthim?

Whenthesculptor(雕刻家)AugusteRodinwasyoung,hehaddifficultylearningtoreadandwrite.Today,wemaysayhehadalearningdisability.Hisfathersaidofhim,"Ihaveanidiot(白痴)forason."Hisuncleagreed."He'suneducable,"hesaid.WhatifRodinhaddoubtedhisability?

WaltDisneywasoncefiredbyanewspapereditorbecausehewasthoughttohaveno"goodideas".EnricoCarusowastoldbyonemusicteacher,"Youcan'tsing.Youhavenovoiceatall."AndaneditortoldLouisaMayAlcottthatshewasunabletowriteanythingthatwouldhavepopularappeal.

Whatifthesepeoplehadlistenedandbecomediscouraged?WherewouldourworldbewithoutthemusicofBeethoven,theartofRodinortheideasofAlbertEinsteinandWaltDisney?AsOscarLevantoncesaid,"It'snotwhatyouarebutwhatyoudon'tbecomethathurts."

Youhavegreatpotential.Whenyoubelieveinallyoucanbe,ratherthanallyoucannotbecome,youwillfindyourplaceonearth.（1）Howmanysuccessfulpeoplearementionedasexamplesinthepassage?A.

Six

B.

Seven

C.

Eight

D.

Nine.（2）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisRIGHT?A.

Whenhewasyoung,ThomasEdisonalwaysgotgoodgradesatschool.B.

LevantthoughtLouisaMayAlcottcouldn'twriteanypopularworks.C.

OnlyAugusteRodin'suncleregardedhimaboyoflearningability.D.

BothEnricoCarusoandBeethovenachievedtheirdreamsinmusic.（3）What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedsentence"He'suneducable"?A.

Hecan'tbetaught.

B.

Heisveryclever.

C.

Heisdifferent.

D.

Heisalatesuccess.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

WorkingHardforSuccess

B.

HavingDreamsC.

BelievinginYourself

D.

Self-challenging【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，列举了爱因斯坦、贝多芬、爱迪生等七个名人成功的故事，他们都曾得到别人较低的评价，但最终成功实现了自己的梦想；“相信自己”是他们成功的关键。（1）考查细节理解。第一段列举了爱因斯坦的故事，第二段讲述了贝多芬的故事，第三段提到了爱迪生的故事，第四段讲述了奥古斯特·罗丹的故事，第五段提到了沃特·迪士尼、恩里科·卡鲁索、路易莎·梅·阿尔科特的故事，共列举了七个著名人物，故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二中的“

Beethoven'smusicteachersaidabouthim,‘Asacomposer(作曲家)heishopeless.’

”；第五段中的“EnricoCarusowastoldbyonemusicteacher,‘Youcan'tsing.Youhavenovoiceatall.’”及第六段中的“WherewouldourworldbewithoutthemusicofBeethoven,theartofRodinortheideasofAlbertEinsteinandWaltDisney?

”可推知，贝多芬和恩里科·卡鲁索都实现了他们的音乐梦想，故选D。（3）考查句义猜测。根据第四段他的父亲和他的叔叔对他的评价"Ihaveanidiot(白痴)forason.""Hisuncleagreed."可知，他们都认为他是白痴；据此可以推断，该句意为“他是教不会的”，故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文前五段列举了七个名人，他们的共同点是都曾得到别人较低的评价，后来却成功实现了自己的梦想；本文的最后一句为本文的主题句，据此可以判断，C项“相信自己”最适合做本文标题，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解

Anewstudysuggestsalinkbetweenexposuretogreeneryandreduceddesiresforalcoholcigaretteandjunkfood.

Thestudyisthefirsttoinvestigatethepossiblerelationshipsbetweenexposuretonatureanddesiresandnegativeemotions.ResearchersattheUniversityofPlymouth'sSchoolofPsychologysurveyed149respondents(应答者)aged21o65abouttheproportion(比例)ofgreenspaceintheirneighborhood,thepresenceofgreenviewsfromtheirhome,theiraccesstoagardenandhowoftentheyusepublicgreenspace.Thestudyalsoaskedquestionsaboutexperienceswithdepressionandanxiety,aswellasdesiresforthingslikecaffeine,alcoholandnicotine.Participantsratedtheintensity(强度),imagery,andintrusiveness(侵扰性)oftheirdesiresonan11-pointscale.

Researchersfoundthepresenceofvisiblegreenspacecontributedtodecreaseddesiresforjunkfood.Theeffectwasparticularlynoticeablewhenmorethan25percentofarespondent'sviewwasgreenery.

Previousscholarship(学术研究)hasdealtmostlywithexerciseinnature:A2015studyoutoftheUniversityofMichiganfound90-minutegroupnaturewalkswereeffectiveatcombattingdepressionandrelievingothermooddisorders.Butforpeoplewhostrugglewithaccessibilityordon'thavetimefora90-minutewalk,thisnewstudysuggestsjustlookingoutawindowatatreecanhelpfightoffabadhabit.

"Ithasbeenknownforsometimethatbeingoutdoorsinnatureislinkedtoaperson'swell-being,"leadauthorLeanneMartinsaidinastatement."Butfortheretobeasimilarassociationwithdesiresfromsimplybeingabletoseegreenspaceaddsanewdimensiontothepreviousresearch."

A2018studyfromDenmark'sAarhusUniversityforexample,foundthat.Havingaccesstogreenspacethroughoutchildhooddecreasedaperson'sriskofdevelopingmentalhealthproblemsasanadult.（1）Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theresultsofthenewstudy.B.Thepurposeofthenewstudy.C.Thesignificanceofthenewstudy.D.Thecontentofthenewstudy.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"combatting"inparagraph4probablymean?A.Reducing.B.Developing.C.Understanding.D.Encouraging（3）Accordingtothepassage,thenewstudy_____.A.mainlyreferredtoexerciseinnatureB.hasenrichedthepreviousresearchtosomedegreeC.wascarriedoutbytheUniversityofMichiganD.foundexposuretogreeneryhelpedcurementalproblems（4）nwhichsectionofanewspapermaythispassageappear?A.EntertainmentB.BusinessWorldC.Tech&ScienceD.Environment【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新的研究成果---多看绿色植物和吃垃圾食品这两者看似风马牛不相及，可研究结构却表明它们之间存在着一种奇妙的关系：多看绿色植物能帮助人们克制吃垃圾食品的欲望。（1）考查段落大意。根据第二段中的

“Researchers…surveyed149respondentsaged21o65abouttheproportionofgreenspaceintheirneighborhood…”研究人员调查了年龄在21~65岁之间的149名参与者小区内的绿植比例……；以及“Thestudyalsoaskedquestionsaboutexperienceswithdepressionandanxiety…”研究中还问了与抑郁及焦虑有关的问题……等可知，第二段主要介绍了新研究的调查内容，故选D。（2）考查词义猜测。根据常识可知，在大自然中散步对人体有各种各样的好处，再结合句中出现的“relievingothermooddisorders(缓解其他情绪紊乱)”不难推断出，combattingdepression应表示“减轻抑郁”。故选A。（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“…addsanewdimension(方面)tothepreviousresearch”为以前的研究增加了新的方面，可知，新的研究在某种程度上丰富了之前的研究成果。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一项科学研究的研究成果，所以该文章最有可能出现在“技术与科学”版块。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解

TheUnitedStatesishometo562recognizedAmericanIndianNationseachwithitsownlanguage.

Yetthenumberofnative.Americanswiththeabilitytospeaktheirtribe'slanguagehasdecreasedoverthepastcentury.

Now,IndianNationsaretryingdifferentwaystoexpandthenumberofnativespeakers,andincreaseinterestintheircommunitiestolearntriballanguages.

Sincethelate1800smanyAmericanIndianchildrenhaveattendedboardingschools.Atthattime,Indianchildrenwererequiredtoattendschoolsbylaw,andthegovernmentforcedIndianfamiliestosendtheirchildrentosuchschools.

Thechildrenwereseparatedfromtheirfamilies.andgivenEnglishnameTheteachersoftentaughtnativeAmericanstudentsinEnglish,insteadofthelanguageoftheirparents.TheyweretoldtheyneededtolearnEnglishinordertogetajob,earnmoneyandbuyahouseornicethings.

However,fearingalossofhistoryandculture,theIndianNationsareexperimentingwithnewwaystoincreasethelanguageabilityoftribalmembers.

Atleastoneorganizationisturningtomoderntechnology---TheSealaskaHeritageInstitute,anonprofitgroup,hasdevelopedtwoappsforspeakersoftheTlingitlanguage.

The"LearningTlingit"appservesasareferenceforimportantlanguagetopicssuchasconversationphrases,number,andletters.

TheTlingittribehasabout10,000members.TheylivemainlyinsoutheasternAlaska.Butasof2013,thetribehadonly125nativespeakersleft.inaddition,veryfewyoungpeopleareabletospeakTlingit.

Currentlytherearetwoapps,called"LearningTlingit"and"TlingitLanguageGames".The"LearningTlingit"appservesasalanguageguide.ItprovidesTlingitwordsandexpressions,thetribalalphabet,aswellasabasiclistofthewordsincluded.Withthe"TlingitLanguageGames"app,usersaregivenachoiceofdifferentplacesofenvironments,likeahouse,forestorocean.（1）WhatistheproblemthenativeAmericansarefacingnow?A.ThenumberofnativeAmericanshasbeenincreasing.B.FewerandfewernativeAmericansspeaktheirownlanguage.C.Theirnativelanguagehasbeenextinct.D.It'shardtoincreasetheinterestofhearingnativelanguages.（2）WhatwillbetheresultifmoreandmorenativeAmericansonlyspeakEnglish?A.Theywillgetbetterjobsandhigherpay.B.TheywillteachtheirownchildrentospeakEnglish.C.Theywilllosetheirhistoryandculture.D.Theywillgetalongwellwiththegovernment.（3）WhatcanweknowaboutTlingit?A.Itcanhelpthenativepeopleknowsomelanguagetopics.B.Itcanhelpthe:nativepeopleearnmoneyandbuya.houseornicethingsC.ItisaverypopularappamongthenativespeakersD.Itisanativelanguagespokenbyfewerthan200people.（4）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.AmericanIndiantribes'effortstoincreasenativespeakers.B.ReasonsforthedisappearanceofsomeAmericanIndianlanguages.C.Waystohelpthenativetribesleadatraditionallife.D.Thepopularityofthelanguagelearningapps.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国的印第安人正在使用新的方法来增加本族语言的使用，否则，他们的本族语言将面临严重的危机。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Yetthenumberofnative.Americanswiththeabilitytospeaktheirtribe'slanguagehasdecreasedoverthepastcentury.”但是能说他们本族语言的本地美国人的数量在过去的一个世纪中已将减少。可知，会说本族语的美国土著的人数在过去的一个多世纪中已经减少了，故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“However,fearingalossofhistoryandculture,theIndianNationsareexperimentingwithnewwaystoincreasethelanguageabilityoftribalmembers.”然而，害怕失去自己的

历史和文化，许多印第安部落尝试新的方法来提升族人的本族语使用能力。可知，如果越来越多的族人只说英语，他们将会失去自己的历史和文化。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第九段中的“TheTlingittribehasabout10,000members.TheylivemainlyinsoutheasternAlaska.Butasof2013,thetribehadonly125nativespeakersleft.”特林吉特部落有大约一万人。他们主要居住在阿拉斯加东南部。但是就2013年的统计，这个部落只有125人可以说自己民族的语言，可知，现在仅仅有不到两百人可以说这种语言了，故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。本文前六段描述了美国印第安人在民族语言方面面临的处境以及这一处境引起的担忧，最后四段提出了针对这一问题的解决方案：美国的印第安人正在使用新的方法（app）来增加本族语使用人数。选项A中efforts能凸显人们这一问题的担心及在努力寻求解决方案方面所做的努力。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解

SinglesDay:AlibabaSaysaLotofPeopleinChinaBoughtOnlineTheplanet'sbiggestshoppingdayhascomeandgone,andAlibabaagainshowedtheworldhowmanymountainsofstuff(物品)itcouldpersuadepeopletobuyinthe24hours.

MondaywasNov.11,knowninChinaasSinglesDay.Thisyear,nearly$38.3billionworthofstuffwassoldonAlibaba'splatforms(平台)thatday,beatinglastyear's$30.8billionandmakingBlackFridaylook,yetagain,likeayardsale.

Chinahasgrownricherandmoredigitallyconnected.Alibabahasbecomeatechnologypowerhouse.Alongtheway,thecompanyhasmadeafewfamousfriends.ThisyearthesingerTaylorSwiftperformedinitslive-streamedeveninggala(庆典)inShanghaionSunday.InpreviousyearsthemodelMirandaKerrandtheactorsNicoleKidmanandDanielCraigalsoshowedontheSinglesDaystage.

AlibabastartedtakingtheleadinChina,simplyenough,byconnectingbigChinesemanufacturerswithbigbuyersacrosstheworld.Itsbusiness-to-businesssite,Aallowedpeopletobuyalmosteverything.Alibaba'sadvantagewasn'thardtosee:size.Alibabaisjustbig,evenbyChinesestandards.

Alibabanowcallsitselfadataandtechnologycompany,onethatprovidesdigitaltoolstohelpthebusinessesonitsplatforms.That,inturn,leadsconsumerstolooktothoseplatformsfortheireveryneed,fromshoppingandservicestoentertainmentandtravel.Today,Alibabaisitselfagiganticcompany,anditwantstogrowbiggerstill.（1）Whereisthispassageprobablyfrom?A.Atextbook.B.Anewspaper.C.Asciencenewsreport.D.Anadvertisement.（2）HowmanyfamouspeopleshowedontheSinglesDaystage?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.（3）WhatdoesAlibaba'sadvantagemainlyliein?A.Itsplatform.B.Itsservice.C.Itsprice.D.Itssize.（4）Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword"gigantic"inthelastparagraph?A.Large.B.Small.C.Good.D.Successful.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了引领了中国双十一购物节的阿里巴巴公司。每年购物节前夕都会找明星预热。同时介绍了阿里巴巴的相关信息。（1）考查推理判断。本文介绍了中国双十一购物节相关数据和阿里巴巴公司的情况，可以从报纸了解到相关信息。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的TaylorSwift，MirandaKerr，NicoleKidman，DanielCraig等人都参加了双十一晚会庆典，共4人，故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Alibaba'sadvantagewasn'thardtosee:size.Alibabaisjustbig,evenbyChinesestandards.”阿里巴巴的优势不难看出，就是其规模，而且阿里巴巴的规模以中国标准而言也是非常大的。故选D。（4）考查词义猜测。最后一段中的“anditwantstogrowbiggerstill”，阿里巴巴也想继续扩大，此处使用了bigger形容词的比较级，由此可判断划线词意为“大”，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

RobotshavetakenovermanyofAmerica'sfactories.Butcantheypickastrawberry?"It'sreallyhardforrobotstomatchwhathumanscando,"saysBobPizter,anexpertonrobots.

Any4-year-oldkidcanpickastrawberry,butmachinescan'tseemtofigureitout.Piztersaysthehardestthingforthemisfindingthefruit.Pizter'sstrawberry-pickingrobotisrollingintoastrawberryfield.Thiswell-designeddevicedrivesitself.It'sasbigasabus,longenoughtostraddle(跨越)adozenrowsofstrawberriesatonce.Powerfulcomputersaresittingontop.Underneath,therearehigh-definitioncamerastofindtheberries,androboticclawsreadytopickthem.

"Nobody'stellingitwhattodo,"explainsPaulBissett,thechiefoperatingofficerofHarvestCROORobotics."It'srememberingitspathdowntherow.It'srememberingwherealltheseplantsare."Itknowsallthis,thankstothesuper-accurateGPS.Itscomputerbraincontainsamapshowingthelocationsofeverystrawberryplantinthefield.Theactionofmachineryistrulyimpressive,butthebasketsarestillpracticallyempty.Pitzersaystherobotsareabletofindandpickmorethan50percentofripeberries.That'snotyetuptohumanstandards.Atypicalworker,hesays,managestopickanywherefrom60to90percentoftheberries.Also,headmits,themachineisslowerthanhumanhands.Ontheotherhand,ithassomeadvantages.Itcanworkrightthroughthenight.Twoyearslater,hesays,thismachinewillbeinthefieldsworkingforreal."Thereareweaknessestoworkout,butit'sgettingthere.We'reclose."hesays.

Strawberrycompaniesareputtingmillionsofdollarsintothisproject.Thereason,GaryWishnatzki,theownerofWishFarmssays,isthatit'sgettingmoreandmoredifficulttofindenoughpeopletopickhisberries."Thefactofthematteris,ifwedon'tsolvetheproblemofthislaborshortagewithautomation,theindustryisfacingabigchallengeahead.Thepriceoffruitisgoingtobemuchhigher,"JoseSantos,theleaderofthefarm,says.

Joseisprettyconvinced,though,thatpickingstrawberrieswillalwaysrequirepeople.Themachineswillbreakdown,hepointsout.Infact,he'slookingonthebrightside."Youcouldaffordtogivepeopleadayoffifyouhavemachinesbehindyou,”"hesays.（1）Accordingtothepassage,thestrawberry-pickingrobot__________.A.canworkextrahoursB.reliesonGPSonlytofindberriesC.runsonpetroljustlikeabusD.picksbothripeandunripeberries（2）Whatdopeoplementionedinthepassagethinkofthestrawberry-pickingrobot?A.Itwillleadtothepriceofstrawberriesrising.B.Itkeepshumanworkersworkingthroughnight.C.Itisnotveryefficientatthemomentbutpromising.D.Itwillcompletelytaketheplaceofhumanworkers.（3）Weknowfromthearticlethat__________.A.robotshavebeenwidelyusedinfarmingB.itseemshardforrobotstoexactlylocatestrawberriesnowC.robotscansurelyperformanyworkbetterthanhumanworkersD.withthehelpofrobots,strawberrycompanieshavealreadyearnedmuch（4）Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Theworkingprincipleofstrawberry-pickingrobots.B.Farmers'expectationsforstrawberry-pickingrobots.C.Thepresentstateofstrawberry-pickingrobots.D.Thedifferencesbetweenhumansandstrawberry-pickingrobots.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了摘草莓机器人的目前的优点和缺点：效率不高，但可以长时间工作，其缺点也可以改进。未来需求大，前景广阔。（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Itcanworkrightthroughthenight.”可知，机器人可以整夜工作。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Pitzersaystherobotsareabletofindandpickmorethan50percentofripeberries.That'snotyetuptohumanstandards.Atypicalworker,hesays,managestopickanywherefrom60to90percentoftheberries.Also,headmits,themachineisslowerthanhumanhands.”可知，摘草莓的机器人比人手慢，没有达到人类采摘草莓的标准。由此可以推知，它效率不高；以及“Ontheotherhand,ithassomeadvantages.Itcanworkrightthroughthenight.Twoyearslater,hesays,thismachinewillbeinthefieldsworkingforreal.‘Thereareweaknessestoworkout,butit'sgettingthere.We'reclose.’hesays.”可知，这种机器人有弱点需要克服，但这些弱点很快就会被克服。这种机器人非常有前景。两年之后，就会被投入使用。我们离此目标不远了。可推知选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“‘It'srememberingitspathdowntherow.It'srememberingwherealltheseplantsare.’Itknowsallthis,thankstothesuper-accurateGPS.Itscomputerbraincontainsamapshowingthelocationsofeverystrawberryplantinthefield.Theactionofmachineryistrulyimpressive,butthebasketsarestillpracticallyempty.Pitzersaystherobotsareabletofindandpickmorethan50percentofripeberries.That'snotyetuptohumanstandards.”由于超级精确的GPS，机器人知道所有草莓的位置。机器的作用确实令人印象深刻，但篮子实际上仍然是空的。Pitzer说，机器人能够发现和采摘超过50%的成熟浆果。这还没有达到人类的标准。由此推知，虽然机器人配备有精确的GPS，但实际上，它们并不能精确地定位草莓的位置，从而导致采摘率不高。故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段直接了当的提出：机器人真的很难达到人类采摘草莓的水平。第二段和第三段主要介绍了草莓采摘机器人的特点和优缺点（效率不高，但可以长时间工作）。最后两段对草莓采摘机器人前景的展望（未来需求大，前景广阔）。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解

Tobeagoodteacher,youneedsomeofthegiftsofagoodactor;youmustbeabletoholdtheattentionandinterestofyouraudience;youmustbeaclearspeaker,withagood,strong,pleasantvoicewhichisfullyunderyourcontrol;andyoumustbeabletoactwhatyouareteaching,inordertomakeitsmeaningclear.

Watchagoodteacher,andyouwillseethathedoesn'tsitstillbeforehisclass;hestandsthewholetimeheisteaching;hewalksabout,usinghisarms,handsandfingerstohelphiminhisexplanations,andhisfacetoexpressfeelings.

Thereareveryimportantdifferencesbetweentheteacher'sworkandtheactor's.Theactorhastospeakwordswhichhehaslearntbyheart;hehastorepeatexactlythesamewordseachtimeheplaysacertainpart,evenhismovementsandthewaysinwhichheuseshisvoiceareusuallyfixedbeforehand(预先).Whathehastodoistomakeallthesecarefullylearntwordsandactionsseemnaturalonthestage.Agoodteacherworksinquiteadifferentway.Hisaudiencetakeanactivepartinhisplay:theyaskandanswerquestions,theyobeyorders,andiftheydon'tunderstandanything,theysayso.Theteachercan'tlearnhispartbyheart,butmustinventitashegoesalong.

Ihaveknownmanyteacherswhoarefineactorsinclassbutareunabletotakepart