专题03 题型技法突破：分题型（听力、阅读、完形、写作）讲解解题步骤与核心技巧（知识清单广东专用）（原卷版）

/专题03题型技法突破：分题型（听力、阅读、完形、写作）讲解解题步骤与核心技巧一、听力理解解题技法1.预读题干，预测内容在听力开始前，快速浏览问题和选项，预测对话或独白可能涉及的主题、人物关系、地点等关键信息。2.抓住关键词，速记要点在听的过程中，注意捕捉时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、数字等关键信息，并适当进行速记。3.注意转折词和语气变化特别留意but,however,actually等转折词，以及说话人的语气变化，这些往往是答题的关键。4.理解主旨大意不要纠结于个别没听懂的单词，而要把握整体内容，理解说话人的主要意图和中心思想。5.排除干扰选项注意区分相似发音、近义表达，排除与原文内容不符或未提及的干扰选项。二、阅读理解解题技法1.快速浏览，把握主旨先快速阅读文章标题、首段、末段及各段首句，把握文章主旨大意和结构脉络。2.分析题型，对症下药识别细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题等不同题型，采用相应的解题方法。3.定位关键信息根据题干关键词，回到原文定位相关信息区域，仔细分析相关句段。4.理解长难句结构遇到复杂长句时，先找出主干结构，再分析修饰成分，准确理解句意。5.利用上下文线索利用同义复现、反义对比、举例解释等上下文线索猜测生词词义和理解隐含信息。6.注意逻辑关系关注表示因果、转折、递进、条件等逻辑关系的词语，理解句间和段间逻辑。7.合理推理判断基于原文信息进行合理推断，避免主观臆断或过度推断。8.核对答案选项将选项与原文信息仔细比对，排除偷换概念、以偏概全、无中生有等干扰项。三、完形填空解题技法1.通读全文，把握大意先跳过空格，快速通读全文，了解文章主题、基本内容和结构脉络。2.分析语境，确定选项根据上下文语境、逻辑关系、词语搭配等，确定最合适的选项。3.运用语法知识利用动词时态、语态、非谓语动词、从句、固定搭配等语法知识分析选项。4.注意词汇复现关注同词复现、同义复现、反义复现等词汇衔接手段，这些往往是解题线索。5.理解情感色彩把握作者的情感态度和文章的情感基调，选择与之相符的词语。6.先易后难，逐个击破先做有把握的题目，难题暂时跳过，完成全篇后再回头处理。7.复核全文，检查逻辑完成所有题目后，通读全文，检查内容是否连贯，逻辑是否通顺。四、语法填空解题技法1.分析句子结构首先分析句子成分，确定空格处所需的词性（名词、动词、形容词、副词等）。2.根据语境判断形式根据上下文语境，确定词语的正确形式（时态、语态、单复数、比较级等）。3.注意固定搭配掌握常见的动词短语、介词短语、形容词短语等固定搭配。4.运用语法规则熟练运用时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词、从句等语法规则。5.理解逻辑关系根据句间逻辑关系，选择合适的关系词、连接词或副词。6.检查词形变化特别注意名词复数、动词过去式/过去分词、形容词/副词比较级等词形变化。五、书面表达解题技法1.审清题意，明确要求仔细阅读题目要求，明确写作体裁（书信、议论文、记叙文等）、内容要点和字数要求。2.列出提纲，构建框架根据题目要求，列出写作提纲，确定文章结构和段落安排。3.开头吸引，结尾有力开头要吸引读者注意，结尾要总结全文，给读者留下深刻印象。4.内容充实，要点全面确保覆盖所有内容要点，并适当扩展，使内容充实具体。5.语言准确，表达多样使用准确的语法和词汇，同时注意句式多样性，避免单调重复。6.衔接自然，逻辑清晰合理使用连接词和过渡语，使文章衔接自然，逻辑清晰。7.卷面整洁，书写规范保持卷面整洁，书写清晰规范，给阅卷老师留下良好印象。8.检查修改，完善细节完成写作后，检查语法错误、拼写错误、标点错误等，完善细节。核心应试技巧1.时间管理合理分配各题型答题时间，确保在规定时间内完成所有题目。2.答题顺序按照先易后难的原则答题，确保拿到应得分数。3.猜题技巧在实在无法确定答案时，运用排除法等技巧进行合理猜测。4.答题卡填涂注意答题卡填涂规范，避免因技术性失误失分。5.心理调节保持平稳心态，遇到难题不慌张，相信自己的实力。一、根据所给词的适当形式填空1.Itisimportantforus________(protect)theenvironment.2.IfI________(have)enoughmoney,Iwouldbuythatbook.3.Bynextmonth,she________(work)herefortenyears.4.Theroomneeds________(clean)everyday.5.Notonly________helikeEnglish,buthealsospeaksitverywell.6.Itwasin2018________Igraduatedfromuniversity.7.Theteachersuggestedthatwe________(read)thetextaloud.8.Thisisthebestnovelthat________(write)bytheauthor.9.Sofast________lighttravelthatwecanhardlyimagineitsspeed.10.Hedenied________(see)theaccusedthatnight.11.Thenumberofstudentsinourschool________(be)over2000.12.Ilookforwardto________(receive)yourreply.13.Hardly________Igothomewhenitbegantorain.14.Theproblemistoodifficultforus________(solve).15.Itisnecessarythathe________(return)thebooktothelibrary.16.Theboy________(stand)underthetreeismybrother.17.Onlyinthisway________weimproveourEnglish.18.Bythetimehewasten,he________(learn)1000Englishwords.19.Thehousewants________(repair).20.Itishightimethatwe________(take)action.二、选择题1.Themanagerinsistedthatthemeeting________immediately.A.beheldB.washeldC.wouldbeheldD.hadbeenheld2.________hecomes,wewon'tbeabletogo.A.WithoutB.UnlessC.ExceptD.EvenA.willcompleteB.willhavecompletedC.havecompletedD.arecompleting4.Thebookisworth________.A.readB.toreadC.readingD.beingread5.Notuntilyesterday________heknowthetruth.A.didB.doesC.doD.has6.ItwasinShanghai________Ifirstmethim.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when7.Ifit________tomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.A.rainB.rainsC.willrainD.rained8.Theteacher,aswellashisstudents,________interestedintheexperiment.A.isB.areC.wereD.havebeen9.Heavoided________myquestion.A.answerB.toanswerC.answeringD.answered10.Soloudly________thateveryonecouldhearhimclearly.A.hespokeB.didhespeakC.spokeheD.hespeaks11.ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatI________.A.haveeverreadB.hadeverreadC.everreadD.wasreading12.Itisessentialthateverychild________thesameeducationalopportunities.A.haveB.hasC.hadD.willhave13.Onlywhenyouhavefinishedyourhomework________goouttoplay.A.youcanB.canyouC.youwillD.willyou14.Thehouserequires________.A.torepairB.beingrepairedC.repairingD.repaired15.Ifhe________herenow,hewouldhelpus.A.isB.wasC.wereD.willbe16.Bythetimeshearrived,we________ourwork.A.finishedB.havefinishedC.hadfinishedD.wouldfinish17.Thereasonwhyhewasabsentwas________hewasill.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.which18.Notonly________English,buthealsospeaksFrench.A.hespeaksB.doeshespeakC.speaksheD.hedoesspeak19.Iappreciate________toyourhome.A.tobeinvitedB.tohaveinvitedC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited20.Itistimewe________tobed.A.goB.wentC.willgoD.havegone三、阅读理解A（2026年广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷01））Lastweekend,agroupofstudentsfromourschooljoinedinanenvironmentalprotectionvolunteeractivity.Theywenttoalocalparkwhichwasfacingseriouslitteringproblems.Thestudentsweredividedintoseveralgroups.Somewereresponsibleforpickinguptrashalongthewalkingpathsandinthegrass.Theyworeglovesandcarriedtrashbags,carefullycollectingeverypieceofwaste,includingplasticbottles,cigarettebutts,andoldnewspapers.Anothergroupsetupseveralbooths(展位)topromoteenvironmentalprotectionknowledge.Theyhandedoutbrochuresandgaveshortspeechestoparkvisitors,explainingtheimportanceofreducingwaste,recycling,andprotectingnaturalresources.Oneofthestudents,Lily,said,“Atfirst,somepeopledidn’tunderstandwhatweweredoingandeventhoughtweweredisturbingthem.Butwhenwepatientlyexplained,theybecamemoresupportiveandsomeevenjoinedus.”Bytheendoftheday,theparklookedmuchcleanerandmorebeautiful.Thestudentsweretiredbutveryhappy,knowingthattheyhadmadeadifference.1．Whatproblemdidthelocalparkhave?A．Toomanyvisitors. B．Seriouslittering. C．Lackofplants. D．Brokenfacilities.2．Whatdidthestudentsinthefirstgroupdo?A．Setupbooths. B．Givespeeches. C．Pickuptrash. D．Distributebrochures.3．Whatdidthesecondgroupofstudentsdo?A．Cleanthewalkingpaths. B．Planttreesinthepark.C．Promoteenvironmentalprotectionknowledge. D．Collectoldnewspapers.4．Howdidpeoplereactatfirst?A．Theywereverysupportive. B．Theywereindifferent.C．Theythoughtitwasdisturbing. D．Theyjoinedimmediately.5．Howdidthestudentsfeelattheendoftheday?A．Tiredandsad. B．Boredanddisappointed. C．Energeticandexcited. D．Tiredbuthappy.B（2025年全国普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷03））Youarealwaystoldtowashyourhandsbeforeyoueat.Youknowyoumustwashyourhandsaftergoingtothebathroom.Youshouldwashyourhandsmanytimesduringtheday.Doyouknowhowtowashyourhandscorrectly?Alwaysusesoaptowashyourhands.Afterturningonthetap(水龙头)andwettingyourhands,youcanrub(摩擦)yourhandswithsoap.Soapmaynotkillallthegerms(细菌),butitcanwashawaytheoilonyourskin.Astheoiliswashedaway,thegermswillleaveyourhandsandgoaway.Youshouldwashyourhandsfor15-20seconds.Howdoyouknowthelength(长度)of15-20seconds?YoucansingABCSong.Bythetimeyougettothelastnote,yourhandswillbeclean!Rubyourhandstogether.Youcanuseonehandtorubthebackoftheotherhandandthenexchangetwohands.Youalsoneedtorubbetweenyourfingers.Don’tforgettorubunderandaroundyourfingernails.Maybeyourhandsdon’tlookdirty,buttherearegermsonthem.Germsaretoosmallforyoutosee.Theyareonyourhandsallthetime.Manyillnessesarecausedbygerms,soyoushouldoftenwashyourhands.6．WhydoesthewritermentionABCSong?A．Becauseitisthemostpopularsongintheworld.B．Becauseeveryonecansingthissongverywell.C．BecausewashinghandsisaseasyassingingABCSong.D．Becauseyoucansingthissongtoknowthelengthofwashinghands.7．Theunderlinedword“note”inParagraph3means“________”inChinese.A．音符 B．注释 C．笔记 D．便条8．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A．Usingsoaptowashyourhands. B．Usingacleantowel(毛巾)todryyourhands.C．Washingyourhandsforabout20seconds. D．Rubbingunderandaroundyourfingernails.9．Accordingtothepassage,youcanknow_________.A．whyyoushouldoftenwashhands B．whatthebestsoappeopleusuallyuseisC．whatkindofgermsthereareonyourhands D．howmanygermsthereareonyourhands10．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Howtostayhealthy. B．Howtoprotectyourfingers.C．Howtowashhandscorrectly. D．Howtokeepawayfromgerms.C（2025年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷01）Manystudentsgetill(生病)easilyinautumn.11Whatcanwedotokeepourselveshealthy?Herearesometips(小建议).Enoughhealthyfood.12Somestudentsdon'tliketoeatbreakfast.Theymakeabigmistake(错误).Breakfastisthemostimportantmealinaday.Ifyouwanttobehealthy,youshouldeatlessfood.Vegetablesandfruitaredeliciousandtheyarehealthy.We'dbetterdrink500mlmilkeveryday.13Doingexerciseisanotherwaytokeepyouhealthy.Soyoushoulddosomesportsafterclass.Doingsportscanmakeyoustrong.You'llhaveafinefigure(身材)ifyoudoenoughexercise.Enoughsmiles.Smileisthebestwaytomakeyouhealthy.Trytofindthethingsthatmakeyoulaughandyou'llbehappyeveryday.Youshouldbeoptimistic(乐观)aboutlife.14.Enoughtimeofrest.Don'tstayup!Studentsusuallygotobedat10o'clock.15.There'safamoussaying,"Earlytobedandearlytorisemakesapersonhealthy,wealthy(财富)andwise(智慧)."Ittellsusenoughtimeofrestisimportant.A．Havingsomegoodhabitsisreallyimportant.B．EnoughexerciseC．Ifyouwanttohaveagoodgrade,youmusthaveagoodrest.D．Theyhavetogotothehospitalandmaymissalotofclasses.E．Remembersmileisthebestmedicinetocure(治疗)yourillness.D（2025年云南省第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷03）Bigdataanalyticshasbecomeagame-changerinvariousindustries.Itreferstotheprocessofexamininglargeandcomplexdatasetstouncoverhiddenpatterns,correlations,andotherusefulinformation.Inthebusinessworld,companiesusebigdataanalyticstounderstandcustomerbehavior.Forexample,e-commercecompaniesanalyzedataoncustomers'browsinghistory,purchasepatterns,andpreferencestoprovidepersonalizedrecommendations.Thisnotonlyimprovesthecustomerexperiencebutalsoincreasessales.Inthehealthcaresector,bigdataanalyticscanbeusedtopredictdiseaseoutbreaks,identifyhigh-riskpatients,andoptimizetreatmentplans.However,theuseofbigdataanalyticsalsoraisesconcernsaboutdataprivacy.Withthecollectionofvastamountsofpersonaldata,thereisariskthatthisinformationcouldbemisused.Hackersmaytargetdatabasescontainingsensitiveinformation,andcompaniesmayusedatainwaysthatcustomersdidnotanticipateorconsentto.Anotherissueistheaccuracyofthedata.Bigdatasetscanbemessyandcontainerrors.Ifthedatausedforanalysisisinaccurate,theinsightsanddecisionsbasedonitcouldbeflawed.16.Whatisbigdataanalytics?A.Theprocessofignoringlargedatasets.B.Theprocessofexamininglargeandcomplexdatasetsforusefulinformation.C.Theprocessofcollectingonlysmallamountsofdata.D.Theprocessofdeletingdata.17.Howdoe-commercecompaniesusebigdataanalytics?A.Tounderstandcustomerbehaviorandprovidepersonalizedrecommendations.B.Tomakeproductsmoreexpensive.C.Toreducethenumberofcustomers.D.Toonlycollectdata.18.Whataretheconcernsaboutbigdataanalytics?A.Dataprivacyandaccuracyissues.B.Onlydataprivacyissues.C.Onlyaccuracyissues.D.Therearenoconcerns.19.Whycoulddecisionsbasedonbigdataanalyticsbeflawed?A.Becausethedataisalwaysaccurate.B.Becausethedatacanbemessyandcontainerrors.C.Becausecompaniesalwaysusedatacorrectly.D.Becausehackersnevertargetdatabases.E（2025年云南省第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷01）Thesharingeconomyhasemergedasaneweconomicmodelinrecentyears.Itisbasedonthesharingofunder-utilizedresources,typicallythroughonlineplatforms.Oneofthemostwell-knownexamplesisride-sharingserviceslikeUberandLyft.Theseservicesallowcarownerstousetheirvehiclestotransportpassengers,therebymakingmoreefficientuseoftheircars.Anotherareaofthesharingeconomyishome-sharing,representedbyAirbnb.Homeownerscanrentouttheirspareroomsorentirehomestotravelers.Thisprovidesanalternativetotraditionalhotelsandcanoffertravelersamoreuniqueandoftenmoreaffordableaccommodationoption.However,thesharingeconomyalsofaceschallenges.Regulatoryissuesareamajorconcern.Traditionalregulationsmaynotbeapplicabletothesenew-stylesharingservices,leadingtoconflictsbetweensharing-economycompaniesandlocalauthorities.Therearealsoconcernsregardingsafetyandliability.Forexample,inride-sharing,questionsmayariseabouttheinsurancecoverageofdriversandpassengers.20.Whatisthesharingeconomybasedon?A.Buyingnewresources.B.Thesharingofunder-utilizedresourcesthroughonlineplatforms.C.Buildingmorefactories.D.Encouragingpeopletobuymoreproducts.21.Whatareexamplesofthesharingeconomymentionedinthetext?A.Uber,Lyft,andAirbnb.B.Onlytraditionalhotels.C.Onlycarrentalcompanies.D.Onlyonlineshoppingplatforms.22.Whatisachallengefacedbythesharingeconomy?A.Therearetoomanyresources.B.Itistoopopular.C.Regulatoryissuesandconcernsregardingsafetyandliability.D.Itistoodifficulttousetheonlineplatforms.23.Whyarethereconflictsbetweensharing-economycompaniesandlocalauthorities?A.Becausesharing-economycompaniesaretoogreedy.B.Becauselocalauthoritiesdon'tlikenewthings.C.Becausesharing-economyservicesaretooexpensive.D.Becausetraditionalregulationsmaynotbesuitableforsharing-economyservices.四、完形填空F（2023年3月辽宁省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷2）WhenIwasachild,Isufferedfromadisease.Itisa____1____condition,whichmakesitdifficultforapersontoformrelationshipsandcanmakeonevery____2____inoneparticularthing.Oneofthebiggest____3____Ifacedwascommunicatingwithothers.Iwasshy____4____Ilovedtorecitefacts.Thissometimesmademea____5____forbullies(欺凌).Ididn’treallyunderstandasmuchaboutthediseaseorhowit____6____mylife.Inmy0s,I____7____toParis.Iwasdeeplyattractedbythecity,andI____8____ajobinabighotelrightthen.AsanEiffelTowerambassador,I____9____guestsandvisitorsastheytookthelifttothetopofthehotel’s46—storytower.There,Ilikedto____10____thelocalattractionsandhelpedpeoplefindthebest____11____fortakingphotos.____12____,Ihadaproblemwithchangesineverydaylife,____13____whentalkingwithpeoplewhoweredifferentfromme.ButIlikedtomemorizefacts,andthatreally____14____inmyjobbecausepeoplelovedto____15____alloftheinterestingthingsaboutthecity.Gradually,whenIclockedineverymorning,Ifeltit’stimeformetoperformforand____16____theguests.IloveditwhenIlearntsomethingnewbecauseIcouldn’t____17____tosharetheinformationwithothers.Everyoneis____18____,andeveryonehasagift.Ittakesmemorethan50yearsto____19____thatIamdifferent.Justbeyourself,bekind,andtrytomakea____20____inyourlife.1．A．nice B．bad C．dangerous D．normal2．A．concerned B．experienced C．disappointed D．interested3．A．decisions B．challenges C．conflicts D．changes4．A．but B．so C．or D．and5．A．victory B．design C．target D．memory6．A．reflected B．improved C．affected D．forgot7．A．moved B．escaped C．rushed D．gathered8．A．preparedfor B．putaway C．appliedfor D．turneddown9．A．drove B．encouraged C．sent D．accompanied10．A．introduce B．identify C．consider D．connect11．A．advertisements B．spots C．reasons D．habits12．A．Intime B．Inaddition C．Forexample D．Atfirst13．A．chiefly B．personally C．specially D．especially14．A．favored B．treated C．helped D．relaxed15．A．take B．learn C．prepare D．teach16．A．entertain B．trust C．hire D．educate17．A．stop B．work C．wait D．follow18．A．difficult B．terrible C．bright D．unique19．A．believe B．realize C．wonder D．admit20．A．difference B．promise C．choice D．sacrifice五、语法填空G阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案转写到答题卡上。（2023年3月辽宁省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷1）PanJunfan,aone-leggedmanfromEastChina’sWenlingCity,setsanewworldrecordinanextremehikingcompetitionthroughtheGobiDesertinNorthwestChina’sGansuProvince.The40-year-old____1____(lose)thelowerpartofhisrightleginatrafficaccidentin2015,____2____wasaturningpointinhi