2025国开大学英语考试题库及答

2025国开大学英语考试题库及答PartIListeningComprehension(30points)SectionAShortDialogues(10×1=10points)Directions:Youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeasked.ChoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.1.M:I’veprogrammedthesmartkettletoboilat6:30,butthewaterisstillcold.W:Didyouremembertosyncthekettlewiththenewdaylight-savingschedule?Thefirmwareupdaterolledbacklastweek.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.Themanshouldbuyanewkettle.B.Thedeviceclockisoutofphase.C.Thewaterqualityhaschanged.D.Thepowersocketisfaulty.Answer:B2.W:Thecity’sbike-sharingfeesuddenlyjumpedfrom1.5to2.3yuanperride.M:Blamethecarbon-creditadjustment.Themunicipalledgerrecalibratedtariffsatmidnight.Q:Whatcausedthepricerise?A.Inflationintheenergymarket.B.Apolicyoncarbonemissions.C.Astrikebymaintenancestaff.D.Asoftwarebugintheapp.Answer:B3.M:Dr.Liurefusedmythesisproposalonlunaragriculture,sayingit’s“tooterrestrial”.W:Tryre-framingthehydroponicsubstrateasaMartiananalog;shelovesanalogs.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A.Changingtheresearchangle.B.Findingadifferentsupervisor.C.Droppingtheproposal.D.Addingmorestatistics.Answer:A4.W:Thelibrary’sAIchatbotkeepssendingmeOscarWildequoteswhenIaskforblockchainpapers.M:Thekeyword“block”triggersthebot’sliterarypersona—legacycodefromAprilFool’s.Q:Whyisthechatbotmisbehaving?A.Itwasprankedbylibrarians.B.Itstrainingsetwascorrupted.C.Ajokemodulewasneverremoved.D.Theserverisoverheating.Answer:C5.M:Mysmart-fridgeordered40kgoftofu.W:Checktheguest-profile;yournephewsetthemacroratioto100%plantprotein.Q:Whatcanbeinferred?A.Thenephewaltereddietarysettings.B.Thefridgehasavirus.C.Thedeliverycompanymadeanerror.D.Thetofuwasonsale.Answer:A6.W:ThemetroAIannouncermispronounces“Caohejing”as“Cow-he-jing”.M:Submitaphonemepatch;theycrowd-sourceaccentsnow.Q:Whatdoesthemanrecommend?A.Recordinganewvoice.B.Updatingthepronunciationfile.C.Ignoringtheerror.D.SwitchingtoEnglishannouncements.Answer:B7.M:Ibookedasilent-podtopracticecello,butthecalendarshowskaraoke.W:Thealgorithmswapssimilar-soundingChinesecharacters—“qin”vs.“qing”.Q:Whatcausedthemix-up?A.Ahomophonemappingglitch.B.Adoublebooking.C.Apoweroutage.D.Auser’smalicioushack.Answer:A8.W:TheVRdormfiredrillleftmedizzyforhours.M:Youforgottotoggle“vestibular-dampening”inthesafetymenu.Q:Whatpreventedthewoman’sdiscomfort?A.Loweringtheheadsetbrightness.B.Enablingmotion-smoothing.C.Shorteningthesession.D.Drinkinglesscoffee.Answer:B9.M:Myblockchaincertificatefordronepilotingvanishedfromtheledger.W:Thesidechainyouusedwasdeprecated;migratetothemainnetmirror.Q:Whatshouldthemando?A.Re-takethelicensingexam.B.Transferthecredential.C.Contacttheaviationbureau.D.Reboothiswallet.Answer:B10.W:TheAItranslatorrendered“低碳出行”as“low-carbonouting”insteadof“greenmobility”.M:Thecontextwindowmissedthetransportationmarker;feedittheprevioussentence.Q:Howcantheerrorbefixed?A.Expandingthecontext.B.Switchingengines.C.Updatingslang.D.Rebootingthedevice.Answer:ASectionBLongConversation(5×2=10points)Directions:Youwillhearalongconversation.Choosethebestanswer.Conversation:UrbanVerticalFarmingW:Prof.Adebayo,yourrooftopspinachyieldsbeatruralgreenhousesby18%.What’sthesecret?M:Spectraltuning.WeshiftLEDsfrom450nmto665nmatdusk,trickingchloroplastsintonocturnalphotosynthesis.W:Doesn’tthatspikeenergycosts?M:Notafterthemicro-gridadoptedsolid-oxidefuelcells;surplusheatwarmsnutrientsolution,cuttingHVACby30%.W:Anypestissues?M:Wereleasesterilemothsweekly;theirpheromonesoverloadthematingcycleofcommonpests.W:Consumersclaimyourgreenstaste“metallic”.M:That’spotassiumexcess;we’recalibratingthehydroponicECto1.2mScm⁻¹.W:Finalquestion:scalabilityfortier-twocities?M:WefranchisedtheblueprintunderCreativeCommons;300retrofitsareunderwayinZhengzhou.11.Whatinnovationboostsyield?A.Geneticmodification.B.LEDspectraltuning.C.CO₂enrichment.D.Aquaponics.Answer:B12.Howisenergycostcontrolled?A.Solarpanels.B.Fuel-cellheatreuse.C.Windturbines.D.Batterystorage.Answer:B13.Whichpest-controlmethodisused?A.Pesticidespraying.B.Sterileinsecttechnique.C.Netting.D.Companionplanting.Answer:B14.Whydosomeconsumersdislikethetaste?A.Heavy-metalcontamination.B.Nutrientimbalance.C.Earlyharvest.D.Varietychoice.Answer:B15.Whatistheprofessor’sexpansionstrategy?A.Patentlicensing.B.Open-sourcefranchising.C.Governmentsubsidy.D.Crowdfunding.Answer:BSectionCPassages(5×2=10points)Passage:QuantumEncryptioninDailyLifeQuantumkeydistributiononcerequiredliquid-nitrogen-cooleddetectors,butroom-temperaturechipsnowfitinsidesmartphones.WhenyouscanthedynamicQRcodeonasharedcharger,singlephotonsnegotiateaone-timepad;ifintercepted,errorratesexceed8%andthehandshakeaborts.BanksinShenzhenhavealreadyreplacedSMSone-timepasswordswithquantumtokensembeddedinSIMcards,reducingaccounthijacksby63%in2024.16.Whattechnicalbreakthroughisdescribed?A.Cryo-freeQKDreceivers.B.5Glowlatency.C.Blockchainconsensus.D.Edgecomputing.Answer:A17.Whathappensifphotonsareintercepted?A.Errorratespikes.B.Codeslowsdown.C.Batterydrains.D.Screenfreezes.Answer:A18.Whichcityiscitedasearlyadopter?A.Shenzhen.B.Hangzhou.C.Chengdu.D.Xi’an.Answer:A19.Whatproblemisreduced?A.Phishing.B.SIM-swapfraud.C.Routeroverload.D.Appcrashes.Answer:B20.Whereisthequantumtokenstored?A.Cloud.B.SIMcard.C.SDcard.D.RAM.Answer:BPartIIVocabulary&Structure(20points)SectionAWordSelection(10×1=10points)21.Thecity’snewtramtracksarelaidwith______concretethathealsitsowncrackswhenbacteriaactivate.A.autogenousB.photosensitiveC.thermoplasticD.ferromagneticAnswer:A22.Afterthemerger,thefirm’sorg-chartwasso______thatevenHRneededanARoverlaytonavigatereportinglines.A.linearB.labyrinthineC.obsoleteD.flatAnswer:B23.Thestartuppromisedto______carbonbyinjectingbasaltdustintoagriculturalsoils,turningfieldsintosinks.A.sequesterB.combustC.volatilizeD.diluteAnswer:A24.Droneswarmsuse______protocolstoavoidcollisionswithoutcentralcontrol,mimickingstarlingmurmurations.A.ByzantineB.consensusC.stochasticD.deterministicAnswer:C25.Themuseum’sdigitaltwinupdatesitselfinrealtimevia______sensorsthatmonitorhumidityat0.1%precision.A.infraredB.piezoelectricC.fiber-opticD.capacitiveAnswer:C26.Tocurb“ghostflights”,regulatorsnowrequireairlinesto______slotsifloadfactorfallsbelow50%.A.forfeitB.auctionC.leaseD.hedgeAnswer:A27.Thenewbatteryelectrolyteis______,enablingoperationat−40°Cwithoutlithiumplating.A.ionic-liquidB.aqueousC.polymericD.ceramicAnswer:A28.TheAI-generatedportraitwasso______thattheartistsuedforcopyrightinfringement.A.nebulousB.verisimilarC.abstractD.monochromeAnswer:B29.Urbanplannersuse______datatopredicttraffic15minutesaheadwith92%accuracy.A.archivalB.syntheticC.telemetryD.anecdotalAnswer:C30.Theproteinwasengineeredtoundergo______foldinginsidetheendoplasmicreticulum,doublingyield.A.retrogradeB.iterativeC.orthogonalD.spontaneousAnswer:CSectionBCloze(10×1=10points)Passage:Space-basedSolarPowerTheCaltechprototype,launchedJanuary2025,converts38%ofsunlightto5.8GHzmicrowaves.A50-kg(31)______arrayunfurlsinorbitusingshape-memoryalloyhinges,eliminatingmotors.Thebeamissteeredbya(32)______lenswhosepermittivityistunedbythousandsofvaractors,allowinga1-kmfootprintonEarthtodriftlessthan30mevenin(33)______weather.Groundantennas,laidonretiredfarmland,rectify85%ofincidentpower;theremainderisback-scattered,butwithinsafety(34)______setbytheITU.Thepilotstationsupplies180kWtoamicro-gridinruralYunnan,offsettingdieselgeneratorsduringthedryseason.Criticswarnoflong-wave(35)______interferencewithionosphericresearch,sooperatorstransmitonlyduringpre-agreed(36)______windows.Exportversionswillinclude(37)______circuitrythatencryptsbeamcoordinates,preventinghijackformalicioususe.Ifsuccessful,aconstellationof600satellitescouldsupply30%ofASEAN’sbaseloadby2040,cuttingregional(38)______emissionsby0.9Gtyear⁻¹.Thebiggesthurdleremainslaunchcost;reusableheavy-liftrocketsmustdropbelow800$kg⁻¹to(39)______paritywithterrestrialsolarplusstorage.Toaccelerateadoption,theconsortiumissuestokenizedcarboncreditsthaturbancommuterscanbuyviae-wallets,turningeverysubwayswipeintoamicro-(40)______fororbitalcleanenergy.31.A.photovoltaicB.thermoelectricC.piezoelectricD.photonicAnswer:A32.A.dielectricB.parabolicC.FresnelD.holographicAnswer:D33.A.inclementB.aridC.foglessD.windlessAnswer:A34.A.thresholdsB.tariffsC.patentsD.quotasAnswer:A35.A.RFB.UVC.gammaD.X-rayAnswer:A36.A.spectralB.temporalC.spatialD.modalAnswer:B37.A.analogB.quantumC.relayD.redundantAnswer:B38.A.scopeB.carbonC.methaneD.sulfurAnswer:B39.A.undercutB.achieveC.distortD.regulateAnswer:B40.A.dividendB.subsidyC.refundD.penaltyAnswer:APartIIIReadingComprehension(30points)SectionAMultipleChoice(10×2=20points)Passage1:DigitalNomadVisasin2025Estonia’sthird-generationdigital-nomadvisa,introducedMarch2025,linksbiometricwristbandstotaxalgorithms.EveryeurospentlocallyisloggedviaNFC;iftheratioofdomestictoforeignexpenditureexceeds45%,thevisaholderqualifiesfora12%flatincometaxinsteadofthestandard20%.Remoteworkersmustuploada30-second“presenceclip”weekly,recordedonagovernment-verifieddApp,provingtheyarephysicallyinsideEstonia.FailuretriggersanAIborderalert;overstayerslosecryptographicresidencykeysandmustwait180daystoreapply.Criticsarguethesystemdiscriminatesagainstlow-bandwidthregions,yetapplicationsrose340%year-on-year.41.Whatdeterminesthetaxdiscount?A.Monthlysalarythreshold.B.Localspendingratio.C.Languageproficiency.D.Employmentsector.Answer:B42.Howisphysicalpresenceverified?A.GPSplusselfie.B.Biometricwristbandpulse.C.Randomhousevisits.D.BanktransactionIP.Answer:A43.Whatpenaltydooverstayersface?A.Cryptokeyrevocation.B.Immediatedeportation.C.Criminalrecord.D.Assetfreeze.Answer:A44.Whatconcerndocriticsraise?A.Privacyleakage.B.Bandwidthinequality.C.Currencyfluctuation.D.Housingbubble.Answer:B45.Howmuchdidapplicationsgrow?A.120%B.240%C.340%D.440%Answer:CPassage2:Neuro-adaptiveGamingSony’sPlayStation6neuro-module,a4-gramEEGstripinsidetheheadband,mapsplayervalenceinrealtime.Whenfrustrationspikesabove0.7ontheRussellscale,theGPUdynamicallylowersenemyaccuracyby8%,preventingrage-quits.Conversely,boredombelow0.2triggersdenserparticleeffectstorestoreflow.Dataneverleavestheconsole;aRISC-Venclaveencryptsvectorsinto128-bithashes,uselesstocloudservers.Playerscanoptout,butSonywarnsdifficultyspikesmayfeel“brutal”.Earlytrialsshow23%longersessiontimesand11%highermicro-transactionuptakeamongneuro-enabledcohorts.46.Whatmetricindicatesfrustration?A.Heart-ratevariability.B.Russell-scalevalence.C.Eye-trackdilation.D.Skinconductance.Answer:B47.Howdoesthesystemrespondtoboredom?A.Addsvisualrichness.B.Skipscut-scenes.C.Raisesvolume.D.Sendscoupons.Answer:A48.WhereisrawEEGstored?A.Localenclaveonly.B.Encryptedcloud.C.USBstick.D.Deletedinstantly.Answer:A49.Whatcommercialeffectisobserved?A.Fewerreturns.B.Higherin-gamespending.C.Lowerratings.D.Shortercampaigns.Answer:B50.Whathappensifplayersdisablethemodule?A.Gamescrash.B.Noauto-save.C.Steeperdifficulty.D.Slowerloading.Answer:CSectionBShortAnswer(5×2=10points)Passage:CircularTextilesTheEU’s2025“fiberpassport”mandateseverygarmentcarryanNFCtagseededwithgranulometricdata—fiberlength,dyeclass,andrecyclabilityscore.Whenscanned,arepair-botinparticipatinglaundromatscalculateswhetherarippedseammeritsstitching,patching,orshredding.Ifshred-score>0.8,theitemisdivertedtoahydrothermaldepolymerizerthatrecovers94%ofPETpelletswith0.3%dyecontamination,goodenoughforfood-gradepackaging.Consumersearn“eco-miles”redeemableforpublic-transportcredits;eachreturnedgarmentequals3kmofsubwayfare.Theprogramdiverted120ktfromlandfillsinitsfirstninemonths,butcriticsnotethe0.7-centtagcosthurtsultra-fast-fashionmargins.51.Nametwodatapointsembeddedinthefiberpassport.Answer:Fiberlength,dyeclass(orrecyclabilityscore).52.Whatthresholdtriggersshreddinginsteadofrepair?Answer:Shred-scoreabove0.8.53.WhatpercentageofPETisrecovered?Answer:94%.54.Howmanysubwaykmdoesonegarmentyield?Answer:3km.55.Whocomplainsaboutthetagcost?Answer:Ultra-fast-fashionbrands.PartIVTranslation(20points)SectionAChinesetoEnglish(5×2=10points)56.2025年，长三角试点“零碳码头”，岸电系统覆盖100%泊位，船舶靠港期间关闭辅机，每年减少38万吨碳排放。Answer:In2025,theYangtzeRiverDeltapiloteda“zero-carbonport,”withshore-powercovering100%ofberths;auxiliaryenginesareswitchedoffduringdocking,cutting380,000tofCO₂annually.57.该算法通过融合卫星遥感与社交媒体签到数据，能在地震后90分钟内生成倒塌建筑热力图，精度达到86%。Answer:Byfusingsatelliteimagerywithsocial-mediacheck-ins,thealgorithmproducesaheat-mapofcollapsedbuildingswithin90minutespost-quake,achieving86%accuracy.58.高校食堂引入“卡路里积分”钱包，学生每选择低碳菜品可获5积分，兑换共享单车次卡或电子书券。Answer:Campuscanteenslauncheda“calorie-credit”wallet:studentsearn5pointsperlow-carbondish,redeemableforbike-sharepassesore-bookcoupons.59.数字人民币硬件钱包采用超低功耗MCU，断电情况下可通过NFC手机反向取电完成离线支付。Answer:Thedigital-yuanhardwarewalletusesanultra-low-powerMCU;whenbattery-dead,itsiphonsenergyviaNFCfromphonestocompleteofflinepayments.60.社区“时间银行”平台把志愿服务时长通证化，存入区块链后可在任意合作城市提取等值养老照护。Answer:Theneighborhood“time-bank”platformtokenizesvolunteerhours;onceon-chain,theycanbewithdrawnasequivalentelder-careinanypartnercity.SectionBEnglishtoChinese(5×2=10points)61.Thebiodegradablemicro-capsulesreleasenitrogenataratedictatedbysoilelectricalconductivity,reducingfertilizerrunoffbyhalf.Answer:可生物降解的微胶囊根据土壤电导率释放氮素，使肥料径流减少一半。62.Aswarmof400autonomouscatamaransseededtheSouthPacificwithalkalipowder,temporarilyincreasingoceanalbedoby0.5%.