2025年北外英语统考真题及答案

2025年北外英语统考真题及答案

一、单项选择题（每题2分，共10题）1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacomponentoftheEnglishlanguage?A.PhoneticsB.GrammarC.SemanticsD.MathematicsAnswer:D2.Theterm"idiom"refersto:A.AliteraltranslationB.AfixedexpressionwithameaningdifferentfromtheliteralinterpretationofitswordsC.AgrammaticalruleD.AsentencestructureAnswer:B3.WhatistheprimarypurposeofthesubjunctivemoodinEnglish?A.ToexpresscertaintyB.ToexpresspossibilityorhypothesisC.ToexpresscommandD.ToexpresspasttenseAnswer:B4.Theword"ambiguity"means:A.ClarityB.VaguenessortheexistenceoftwomeaningsC.PrecisionD.ComplexityAnswer:B5.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofagerund?A.RunningB.TorunC.RunD.RunsAnswer:A6.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtoindicate:A.AnactionthatwillbecompletedinthefutureB.AnactionthatwascompletedbeforeanotherpastactionC.AnactionthatishappeningnowD.AnactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresentAnswer:B7.Whatisthecorrectformoftheverbinthesentence"IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheoffer"?A.WereB.WasC.AmD.IsAnswer:A8.Theterm"paradigmshift"refersto:A.AchangeinthewayalanguageisstructuredB.AfundamentalchangeintheunderlyingassumptionsortheoriesofascientificdisciplineC.AshiftinthepronunciationofawordD.AchangeinthespellingofawordAnswer:B9.Whatisthefunctionofadverbsinasentence?A.Tomodifyverbs,adjectives,orotheradverbsB.TointroduceasentenceC.ToconnectclausesD.ToexpressanounAnswer:A10.Theword"serendipity"means:A.CarelessnessB.TheoccurrenceanddevelopmentofeventsbychanceinahappyorbeneficialwayC.DeliberationD.NegligenceAnswer:B二、多项选择题（每题2分，共10题）1.WhichofthefollowingarepartsofspeechinEnglish?A.NounsB.VerbsC.AdjectivesD.AdverbsE.PrepositionsAnswer:A,B,C,D,E2.WhatarethemaincomponentsoftheEnglishlanguage?A.PhoneticsB.PhonologyC.MorphologyD.SyntaxE.SemanticsAnswer:A,B,C,D,E3.ThefollowingareexamplesoftensesinEnglish:A.PresentSimpleB.PastContinuousC.FuturePerfectD.PresentPerfectContinuousE.PastPerfectAnswer:A,B,C,D,E4.WhatarethefunctionsofarticlesinEnglish?A.TospecifydefinitenessB.ToindicatepossessionC.TocountnounsD.ToindicategenderE.TospecifyindefinitenessAnswer:A,E5.ThefollowingaretypesofsentencesinEnglish:A.DeclarativeB.InterrogativeC.ImperativeD.ExclamatoryE.SubjunctiveAnswer:A,B,C,D6.WhatarethemainusesofthepassivevoiceinEnglish?A.ToemphasizetheobjectoftheactionB.WhenthesubjectisunknownorunimportantC.TomaintainaformaltoneD.TochangethesentencestructureE.ToexpresspolitenessAnswer:A,B,C7.ThefollowingareexamplesofconjunctionsinEnglish:A.AndB.ButC.OrD.BecauseE.SoAnswer:A,B,C,D,E8.WhatarethemainusesofmodalverbsinEnglish?A.ToexpressabilityB.ToexpressnecessityC.ToexpresspermissionD.ToexpresspossibilityE.ToexpressadviceAnswer:A,B,C,D,E9.ThefollowingareexamplesofprepositionsinEnglish:A.InB.OnC.AtD.ToE.WithAnswer:A,B,C,D,E10.WhatarethemainfunctionsofadjectivesinEnglish?A.TodescribenounsB.TomodifynounsC.ToindicatepossessionD.ToexpressanounE.ToindicatequantityAnswer:A,B,E三、判断题（每题2分，共10题）1.Thesubjunctivemoodisusedtoexpresscommands.Answer:False2.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedinthepast.Answer:True3.Adverbscanmodifyadjectives.Answer:True4.Thepassivevoiceisalwaysmoreformalthantheactivevoice.Answer:False5.Articlesareusedtocountnouns.Answer:False6.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent.Answer:True7.Theword"serendipity"meanstheoccurrenceofeventsbychanceinabeneficialway.Answer:True8.Theword"ambiguity"meansclarity.Answer:False9.Thesubjunctivemoodisusedtoexpresspossibilityorhypothesis.Answer:True10.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtoindicateanactionthatwascompletedbeforeanotherpastaction.Answer:True四、简答题（每题5分，共4题）1.Whatisthedifferencebetweenagerundandapresentparticiple?Answer:Agerundisaverbformthatendsin"-ing"andfunctionsasanouninasentence,whileapresentparticiplealsoendsin"-ing"butfunctionsasanadjectiveorpartofaverbtense.Forexample,"Runningisfun"(gerund)and"Therunningwateriscold"(presentparticiple).2.WhatarethemainusesofthepassivevoiceinEnglish?Answer:Thepassivevoiceisusedtoemphasizetheobjectoftheaction,whenthesubjectisunknownorunimportant,andtomaintainaformaltone.Forexample,"ThebookwaswrittenbyJohn"emphasizesthebook,and"Mistakesweremade"doesnotspecifywhomadethemistakes.3.WhatisthefunctionofarticlesinEnglish?Answer:Articlesareusedtospecifydefiniteness(the)orindefiniteness(a,an)andtocountnouns.Forexample,"Thecat"referstoaspecificcat,while"Acat"referstoanycat.4.WhatarethemainusesofmodalverbsinEnglish?Answer:Modalverbsareusedtoexpressability(can),necessity(must),permission(may),possibility(might),andadvice(should).Forexample,"Icanswim"expressesability,and"Youshouldstudy"givesadvice.五、讨论题（每题5分，共4题）1.DiscusstheimportanceofunderstandingthesubjunctivemoodinEnglish.Answer:Understandingthesubjunctivemoodisimportantbecauseithelpsinexpressinghypotheticalsituations,wishes,suggestions,anddemands.Forexample,"IfIwererich"expressesawish,and"Itisimportantthathebeontime"expressesademand.Withoutunderstandingthesubjunctivemood,theseexpressionsmightbemisinterpretedorincorrectlyformed.2.DiscusstheroleofarticlesinEnglishandhowtheyaffectthemeaningofsentences.Answer:ArticlesplayacrucialroleinEnglishbyspecifyingwhetheranounisgeneral(a/an)orspecific(the).Forexample,"Adog"referstoanydog,while"Thedog"referstoaspecificdog.Articleshelpinclarifyingthemeaningandavoidingambiguityinsentences.3.DiscusstheuseofthepassivevoiceinEnglishanditsimpactontheformalityofasentence.Answer:Thepassivevoiceisusedtoshiftthefocusfromthesubjecttotheobjectoftheaction,whichcanmakethesentencemoreformalandimpersonal.Forexample,"Theexperimentwasconductedbytheteam"ismoreformalthan"Theteamconductedtheexperiment."Thepassivevo