2024年福建省中考英语题型专项复习-阅读理解-真题剖析

福建真题剖析

类型一选择型阅读理解

第一节阅读下面A、B、C、D四篇短文，依据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、

C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。

A

MyinterestincookingstartedwhenIwas11,partlythankstomymother.She

didn'treallylikecookingandwhenshedidcook,Ididn'tlikeherfood.OnceIwas

watchingsomethingaboutcookingonTVandIthoughtIcoulddothis,soIwentto

thebookstoreandlookedforthebiggestcookbookIcouldfind.

Duringayear,Ihadproducedmostofitsrecipes（食谱）andwasreadyfora

biggerchallenge（挑战）.IwantedtocreatemyowndishesandIstartedcookingfor

morepeoplethanjustmyfamily.Tomyjoy,myparentsallowedmetobuildatest

kitchen.Ididmuchcookingtotestmydishesinitandmyskillimprovedquickly.

Later,mymomandIsetupadinnerclubthatorganizedmonthlyeventsinsidemy

home.Nowasateenchef（主厨），Ihavealsocookedintop-classrestaurantsaround

thecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney,butbecauseIlovecooking.

NowIknowthatwhenyoustopcaringwhetheryou'llbefamousordowell,your

dreamwillcometoyou.

46.Thewriterisnow.

A.aTVstar

B.anewsreporter

C.awell-knownbookseller

D.agoodchef

47.Whatmadethewriterbegintocook?

A.Hisparents*wish.

B.Thecustomers*advice.

C.Hismother'sdeliciousfood.

D.TheinformationaboutcookingonTV.

48.Afterproducingmostoftherecipesinthecookbook,thewriterwanted

to.

A.takecookinglessons

B.writehiscookbook

C.makenewdishesofhisown

D.openarestaurant

49.Theunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2refersto（指代）"

A.thebookstore

B.atestkitchen

C.adinnerclub

D.thecountry

50.Whatisimportantforthewriter?

A.Findingagoodjob.

B.Makinglotsofmoney.

C.Doingwhatheloves.

D.Becomingfamous.

【答案及解析】

46.D细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Nowasateenchef（主厨）,Ihavealso

cookedintop-classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney,

butbecauseIlovecooking.”可知，现在作为一名青少年厨师，作者也在全国顶级

餐馆里做过饭，但是作者不是为了钱而做，而是因为喜爱烹饪。因此作者现在

应是一名好厨师，故选D。

47.D细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“OnceIwaswatchingsomethingabout

cookingonTVandIthoughtIcoulddothis,soIwenttothebookstoreandlooked

forthebiggestcookbookIcouldfind.”可知，有一次，作者正在看电视上的烹饪，

作者认为他也能做到这一点，所以他去书店找寻他能找到的最大的烹饪书。因

此作者应是通过看电视才起先烹饪的，故选D。

48.C细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Duringayear,Ihadproducedmostof

itsrecipes（食谱）andwasreadyforabiggerchallenge（挑战）.Iwantedtocreatemy

owndishesandIstartedcookingformorepeoplethanjustmyfamily.“可知，在一年

的时间里，作者制作了大部分的食谱，并打算迎接更大的挑战，他想自己做菜，

也起先为更多的人做饭，而不仅仅是他的家人。因此作者在试过烹饪书中大部

分的食谱之后，想要自己制作新的菜肴。故选C。

49.B词义揣测题。依据前一句"Tomyjoy,myparentsallowedmetobuildatest

kitchen.Ididmuchcookingtotestmydishesinitandmyskillimprovedquickly.“可

知，令作者兴奋的是，他的父母允许他建立一个测试厨房，他做了很多菜来测

试，因此他的技能很快就提高了。由此可推想，it指的是一个试验厨房，故选B。

50.C推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Nowasateenchef（主厨），Ihavealso

cookedintop-classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney,

butbecauseIlovecooking.”可知，现在作为一名青少年厨师，作者也在全国顶级

餐馆里做过饭，但是作者不是为了钱而做，而是因为喜爱烹饪。再依据最终一

段中的"NowIknowthatwhenyoustopcaringwhetheryoullbefamousordowell,

yourdreamwillcometoyou.”可知，现在作者知道当他不再关切他是否会出名或

做得好时，他的幻想就会驾临到他身上。因此，做他喜爱做的事情很重要。故

选C。

B

Jackieiswritingasummary(总结)andfeedbackaboutSchoolDaytohisteacher.

Summary:

SchoolDaywasheldsuccessfullyonMay6th.Twenty-four

studenthelpersfromGrade8weredividedintofourgroupsofsix.

Eachgrouphadatasktoraisemoneyforthedisabled.

Group1Group2Group3Group4

RecyclingbagsHomemadesnacks

SchoolpostcardsChinesepaintings

madebysludcnhbyparents

(LeaderNatalie)(LeaderTina)

(LeaderLeo)(LeaderNick)

AllofthegroupsperformedwellonSchoolDayandreceived

praisefromthevisitors.Inshort,ourSchoolDaywentwellandwc

gotnopooropinionsfromthevisitors.

Feedback:

Opinionsfrom100studentshavebeencollected.Moststudents

thoughttheactivitiesweregood.However,som;studentsthought

thepricesoftheschoolpostcardswerealittletcohigh.

PercentageSatisfactionFeedback(反馈)

8假

5

4

3w%

20%

0%

—

0%冰

Group

SchoolChineseRecyclingHomemade

postcardspaintingsbagssnacks

Follow-up:

Haveameetingwiththeheadmasteraboutprizesfor

excellentstudenthelpers.

51.Thetextiswrittento.

A.giveareport

B.haveSchoolDay

C.collectopinionsfromvisitors

D.holdameetingwithteachers

52.WhatweresoldinTina*sgroup?

A.Schoolpostcards.

B.Chinesepaintings.

C.Recyclingbags.

D.Homemadesnacks.

53.Howdidthevisitorsfeelabouttheactivities?

A.Disappointed.

B.Satisfied.

C.Worried.

D.Surprised.

54.Howmanystudentsliketherecyclingbagsaccordingtothefeedback?

A.50.B.25.C.15.D.10.

55.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheactivities?

A.NickwastheleaderofGroup1.

B.Twenty-fourstudentsofferedtheirfeedback.

C.Thepostcardswerecheap.

D.Studenthelperswhodidwellcangetprizes.

【答案及解析】

51.A细微环节理解题。依据“Jackieiswritingasummary(总

结)andfeedbackaboutSchoolDaytohisteacher.”可知，Jackie正在写关于学校生

活的总结和反馈。因此本文章是一篇报告，故选A。

52.B细微环节理解题。依据其次组里的“Chinesepaintings(Leader:Tina)”可知

Tina小组卖中国画，故选B。

53.B细微环节理解题。依据“Opinionsfrom100studentshavebeencollected.

Moststudentsthoughttheactivitiesweregood.However,somestudentsthoughtthe

pricesoftheschoolpostcardswerealittletoohigh.”可知，已经收集了100名学生

的看法，而大多数学生认为这些活动很好，因此他们是满足的，故选B。

54.A细微环节理解题。依据“Opinionsfrom100studentshavebeencollected.^^

可知收集了100名学生的看法，再结合柱状图可看出recyclingbags占50%,所

以50名学生喜爱收集袋子，故选A。

55.D细微环节理解题。依据<4Haveameetingwiththeheadmasteraboutprizes

forexcellentstudenthelpers.”可知与校长就优秀学生助手的奖金问题实行会议，

因此做得好的学生助手可以得到奖品，故选D。

c

Birthorder-doesitmatter?Areyoudifferentbecauseyouarethefirst,second,

orthirdchildinyourfamily-ormaybethelastofnine?

Astudyfoundthatfirst-bornshaveanaverage（平均的）IQthatisthreepoints

higherthanpeoplewhofallintoadifferentplaceinthebirthorder,perhapsbecause

first-bornsoftenhelpyoungerbrothersandsisters,whichimprovestheirownskills.

In2024,aninternationalorganizationofCEOsfoundthat43%ofCEOsare

first-borns,33%aremiddlechildren,and23%arelast-borns.First-bornsaremore

likely（可能的）tobedoctorsandastronautsandgethigherpay.

Iffirst-bornsaremoresuccessful,last-bornsaregenerallymoreagreeable.They

arealsomorelikelytobefunny,possiblytogetattentionfromallthebiggerpeopleat

thedinnertable.MarkTwainandStephenColbertwereboththeyoungestinlarge

families,andJimCarreywastheyoungestoffour.Accordingtoa2024Time

magazinearticle,"ThePowerofBirthOrder,last-bornsaremorelikelytobe

artistsandsuccessfulbusinessmen.

Thentherearethemiddlechildren;wehavenotignored（忽视）them!Many

middlechildrenareshortofone-on-onetimewiththeirparents.Theyoftenfeel

short-changed:theoldestgetsmorerights,andtheyoungestis“spoiled（宠坏）.''

Thoughtheymaybeignored,middlechildrenaremorelikelytogrowinto

easygoingadults.

Manyfactors（因素）makeuswhoweare,butiftheresearchiscorrect,birthorder

maybeoneofthemostimportantfactors.

56.WhoismostlikelytobeaCEO?

A.Afirst-born.

B.Asecond-born.

C.Athird-born.

D.Alast-born.

57.WhatcanwelearnaboutJimCarrey?

A.Hewaslikelytobegivenlowpay.

B.Hewaslikelytobeagreeable.

C.Hewasafirst-born.

D.Hewasamiddlechild.

58.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"short-changcd^inParagraph4probablymeanin

Chinese?

A.受亏待的B.受限制的C.受宠爱的D.受欢迎的

59.Wecanlearnfromtheresearchthatbirthorder・

A.hasnoinfluenceonIQ

B.mattersalotatthedinnertable

C.maydecidewhoweare

D.isafactorinmakinguspowerful

60.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.WhereIsYourPlaceintheFamily?

B.WhoImprovesYourSocialSkills?

C.WhatMakesYouSuccessfulinLife?

D.HowCanYouGrowintoaBigMan?

【答案及解析】

56.A细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的43%ofCEOsarefirst-borns可知43%

的CEO是家庭当中第一个诞生的孩子，故答案选A。

57.B细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Iffirst-bornsaremoresuccessful,

last-bornsaregenerallymoreagreeable.Theyarealsomorelikelytobefunny,

possiblytogetattentionfromallthebiggerpeopleatthedinnertable.MarkTwain

andStephenColbertwereboththeyoungestinlargefamilies,andJimCarreywasthe

youngestoffour.”可知，假如第一批诞生的人更胜利，那么最终的孩子通常更简

洁相处，他们也更可能滑稽，可能会引起餐桌上全部年长的人的留意。Mark

Twain和StephenColbert都是大家庭中最年轻的，而JimCarrey也是四个当中

最小的，因此JimCarrey可能是最简洁相处的，故答案选B。

58.A词义揣测题。依据后面的"theoldestgetsmorerights,andtheyoungestis

spoiled（宠坏的）.Thoughtheymaybeignored,middlechildrenaremorelikelyto

growintoeasygoingadults."可知，最大的人得到更多的权利，最年轻的人被宠坏

了，虽然他们可能被忽视，但中间的孩子更简洁成长为随和的成年人。因此

short-changed应当是被忽视，即被亏待的，故答案选A。

59.C细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中的Manyfactors（因素）makeuswhowe

are,butiftheresearchiscorrect,birthordermaybeoneofthemostimportant

factors.“可知，很多因素确定我们成为什么样的人，但假如探讨正确，诞生依次

可能是最重要的因素之一。因此诞生依次可能确定我们将成为什么样的人，故

答案选C。

60.A标题归纳题。依据文中的第一段“Birthorder一doesitmatter?Areyou

differentbecauseyouarethefirst,second,orthirdchildinyourfamily——ormaybe

thelastofnine?“可知，诞生依次有关系吗？你是不是因为你是家里的第一个、

其次个或第三个孩子而不同呢？或者还是九个孩子中的最终一个？再依据后面

文章描述，可知本文主要讲解并描述在家庭中的位置，故答案选A。

D

（2024•福建中考A卷）ManyChinesepeoplewillwonderwhatpresentstogetfor

theirmomsonMother'sDay,butnotmanyknowMother'sDayisactuallyafestival

fromoverseas.

Mother'sDayoriginated（起源）inAmericaduringtheearly20thcentury.The

festivalspreadtoChinaasearlyasthe1980sandwaswidelyaccepted.

WhydidaforeignfestivalbecomepopularinChina?Infact,Chinesetraditional

culturehasalwaysencouragedfilial（孝顺的）devotiontoparents.Therearemany

storieswhichshowfilialrespectinancientChina.Forexample,thestoryof“Taste

Liquid（液体的）MedicineforMother"tellsusthefilialvirtue（美德）ofEmperorWen

oftheWesternHandynasty.Hismotherhadbeensickforthreeyears.Heoften

stayedupbyherbedsideandcaredforherdayandnight.Hetastedtheliquid

medicinefirstbeforeshedrankit.Also,motherloveisarepeatedsubjectinChinese

ancientpoems,like“SongofthePartingSon,,byMengJiao,apoetoftheTang

dynasty.Nowthispoemisstillamustintheschooltextbooks.ChildreninChinaare

broughtupwiththeeducationoffilialdevotion.

Onspecialdays,peopleoftenuserosesorforget-me-notstoexpresslove.

Carnationsareconsideredastheperfectflowersformothersaroundtheworld,but

fewknowthatChinahasitsownflowerformothers—thetigerlily.

Loveformotherscanhavedifferentwaysofexpression.Whatmattersmostis

love,notthefestivalitself.Whatmotherstrulywantisperhapsjustasimple

expressionoflovefromtheirchildren.

61.WhendidMother'sDayspreadtoChina?

A.Inthe1920s.

B.Inthe1980s.

C.IntheWesternHandynasty.

D.IntheTangdynasty.

62.Whatisthepoemof“SongofthePartingSon“mainlyabout?

A.ThefilialvirtueofEmperorWen.

B.Caringfortheold.

C.TraditionalChinesemedicine.

D.Amother'sloveforherson.

63.Mother'sDayispopularinChinamainlybecauseof

A.itswidespreadinmanycountries

B.ourancientstoriesofrespectingparents

C.ourtraditionalculturalvalues

D.itssimplewayofexpressinglove

64.WhatisregardedastheChineseownflowerforamother?

65.WhatamothertrulywantsonMother'sDaymaybe

A.abigdinner

B.acelebrationparty

C.greetingsofthefestival

D.expensivepresents

【答案及解析】

61.B细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“ThefestivalspreadtoChinaasearlyas

the1980sandwaswidelyaccepted.”可知被传到中国并广泛被人们所接受大约在

20世纪80年头，故答案为B。

62.D细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Also,motherloveisarepeatedsubject

inChineseancientpoems,likeSongofthePartingSon'byMengJiao,apoetofthe

TangDynasty”可知，《游子吟》讲的是母亲对儿子的爱，故答案为D。

63C推理推断题依据第三段中的“Whydidaforeignfestivalbecomepopularin

China?Infact,ChinesetraditionalculturehasalwaysencouragedElial（子女的）

devotiontoparents”可推断，母亲节在中国受欢迎是因为它正好和我们传统文化

中的孝道一样，故答案为C。

64.D细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中的”...fewknowthatChinahasitsown

flowerformothers—thetigerlily.”可知答案为D。

65.C细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中的“Whatmotherstrulywantisperhaps

justasimpleexpressionoflovefromtheirchildren”可知答案为Co

（2U24•福建U」考B卷）Naturalscenesoftenbecomethethemesofpoetry.Poetswatch

naturecloselyandpresent（呈现）itsbeautyintheirpoems.Forexample,poetsmay

describenaturalscenessuchasaspringdayorasnowyday.Besides,poetsoften

expresstheirfeelingsaboutnaturebycreatinglivelyimages（形象）inpoems.

WhoHasSeentheWind?

byChristinuGeorginuRossetti

Whohasseenthewind?

NeitherInoryou;

Butwhenihcleaveshangircmbling

Thewindispassingthrough.

Whohasseenthewind?

诗人：罗塞著।

NeitheryounorI;

Butwhenthetreeshowdowntheirheads

Thewindispassingby.

Withimages,poetscandescribethedetails（细微环节）ofsomethingcolorfully

and

clearly.Readers,ontheotherhand,canconnecttheirownexperienceswiththe

imagesinthepoemssothattheycansharethepoets'ideas.Nowlet'sreadthepoem

“WhoHasSeentheWind?”

byWilliamBlake

Thesundescendinginthewest,

Theeveningstardoesshine.

Thebirdsaresilentintheirnest.

（天空）

heavenAndImustseekfbrmine.

Themoon,likeaflower,

Inheaven'shighbower

Withsilentdelight

Sitsandsmilesonthenight.

Whenwereadthelines“Whentheleaveshangtrembling"and“Whenthetrees

bowdowntheirheads,“theyremindusofawindyday.Thepoetsuccessfully

createsanimageofthewindbydescribingdetailsofthescene.Thesehelpreaders

thinkofthemomentwhenthewindpassesby.Wemightevenbowourownheads,

imaginingthatwearethetrees.

Inthepoem“Night,“Blakedescribesmanydetailsofanightscene.People

knowverywellwhattheycanseeatnight,likestarsorthemoon.However,Blake

seesmorethanjustthemoonitself;heseesthemoonasaflower,smilingatusfrom

upinthesky.Sothemoonisreallycomparedtoaflowerandpersonified（拟人化）as

asmilingperson.

61.WhafsthepurposeofwritingParagraph1?

A.Tohaveanargument.

B.Tohaveadiscussion.

C.Togiveanintroduction.

D.Togiveasuggestion.

62.Whichpicturebestdescribestheunderlinedpartinthepoem“WhoHasSeenthe

Wind”?

63.sitsandsmilesonthenightinthepoem“Night”.

A.ThesunB.ThestarC.ThebirdD.Themoon

64.Whatdothetwopoemshaveincommon?

①Seeingnaturalscenesashumans.

②Usingimagination.

©Praisingthesamenaturalscene.

©Describingdetailsofthescenes.

©Creatingimagesbyhearingandtouching.

A.①③⑤B.②③④C.①②④D.①②⑤

65.Howdoesthewriterpresentthetexttous?

A.Bygivingexamples.

B.Bymakingcomparisons.

C.Byusingpersonifications.

D.Byaskingquestions.

【答案及解析】

61.C写作意图题。依据第一段中的“Naturalscenesoftenbecomethethemesof

poetry.Poetswatchnaturecloselyandpresent（呈现）itsbeautyintheirpoems.“可

知，自然景物往往成为诗歌的主题，诗人亲密凝视自然，在诗歌中呈现它的美。

因此第一段主要是做一个介绍，故选C。

62.B细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Whenwereadthelines4Whenthe

leaveshangtrembling'and'Whenthetreesbowdowntheirheads,'theyremindus

ofawindyday”可知，当我们阅读诗句“当树叶飘动”和“当树垂下它们的头”时，

它们提示我们是刮风的一天，故选B。

63.D细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次句中的“heseesthemoonasaflower,

smilingatusfromupinthesky”可知，他把月亮看作一朵花，从天上向我们微笑，

因此在诗“夜”中月亮在晚上坐着微笑。选D。

64.C细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Whenwereadthelines'Whenthe

leaveshangtrembling1and'Whenthetreesbowdowntheirheads*theyremindusof

awindyday”可知，当我们阅读诗句“当树叶飘动”和“当树垂下它们的头”时，它

们提示我们刮风的一天；再依据最终一段中的“heseesthemoonasaflower,

smilingatusfromupinthesky”可知，他把月亮看作一朵花，从天上向我们微笑。

①以人的身份看到自然景色；②运用了想象；③赞扬同一自然场景；④描述景

色的细微环节；⑤通过听觉和触觉创建想象。③⑤不是两首诗的共同点，因此

①②④正确，选C。

65.A细微环节理解题。A项为举例说明；B项通过比较；C项通过运用拟人

D项通过提问。作者列举了“WhoHasSeentheWind"（《谁曾见过风？》）和

“Night”（《夜》）两首诗共享自然美景和作者的思想，应当是通过举例说明，选A。

类型一还原型阅读理解

其次节阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的

最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。

E

（2024•福建中考A卷）Weshouldnotusemorewaterthanweactuallyneed.Ifwe

do,wewillnothaveenoughwaterinthefuture.66Itisnotadifficultquestion

toanswer.Ifweremovemorefreshwaterthannaturereplaces,wehavetakentoo

much.

Manycitiesruncampaigns（运动）togetpeopletostopwastingwater.Theyshow

themwaystheycancutbackonwateruse.67Whatsmore,theycarryout

programsthatoffermoneytoreducewateruse.Forexample,theygivepeople

showerheadsandtoiletsthatuselesswater.68

Anotherthreat（威逼）toourwatersupplyispollution.Whenoursourcesoffresh

watergetpolluted,wecannolongerusethiswater.Thisalsoendangers（危及）the

animalsthatdependonthewater.

69Wecansavelotsofwaterbynotlettingtaps（水龙头）runwhilewebrush

ourteethorbyturningofftapsrightafterwashinghands.Bycollectingcoldwater

whenwe'retakingwarmshowers,wecanalsosavewater.70Inthisway,we

canmakefulluseofwater.

A.However,justhowmuchistoomuch?

B.Thereareseveralthingswecandotosavewater.

C.Finally,theymakelawstocontroltheuseofwater.

D.Wedon*thavetoletthecoldwaterrununtilitgetswarm.

E.Theyalsoincreasewaterbillsforpeoplewhousetoomuch.

【答案及解析】

66.A推理推断题。联系上下文可知，此处应是谈论水资源的多少，因此A

项符合题意。

67.E推理推断题。依据上一句"Theyshowthemwaystheycancutbackonwater

use.”可知，此处谈论的应是防止奢侈水的方法，因此E项符合题意。

68.C推理推断题。依据上一句中的“theygivepeopleshowerheadsandtoilets

thatuselesswater”可知，此处谈论的是节约水的详细方法，且依据上文中的

“What，smore”可知，空处位于本段的末尾，因此C项符合题意。

69.B推理推断题。依据本段的叙述可知，本表主要讲节约用水的另外一些方

法，故B项符合题意。

70.D推理推断题。依据上一句"Bycollectingcoldwaterwhenwe'retakingwarm

showers,wecanalsosavewater.”可知，在