专题04名词性从句（主语宾语表语从句）（期末复习讲义）(原卷版)

专题04名词性从句（主语、宾语、表语从句）（期末复习讲义）考点要求考察形式近年考题（1）考查引导词选择：that/whether/what/how/why；（2）考查it作形式主语/宾语：Itis…that…、find/feelit+adj.+that…等固定结构；（3）特殊先行词：抽象地点（situation,point,case等）后接where；way后接that/inwhich/省略；时间名词后选when；thesame…as/such…as结构（4）在具体语境中尤其句子翻译对名词性从句从句理解和运用。语法填空题句子翻译题【2023上海秋考】KingMosicontinued,“Justasyoucannottellmethenumberofseedsinthebaobabfruit,youcannotprove(25)__________thislandbelongsto.Hisstoryisareminderof(29)_______wisdomcanbring(30)_______peaceandharmony.25.who/whom25.who/whom29.how【2023上海春考】YoungEnterprisemakes(28)__________arulethattheAdvisersmustefromavarietyofbusinessoccupations.【答案】28.it【2022年秋考】Anentrepreneurcandetermine(26)__________otherbusinessesintheareaaredoingandhowtheysucceedbyconductingapetitiveanalysis.【答案】26.what【2022年春考】Peopletravelthousandsofkilometerstoseetheaurora,andtheycanneverbesure(29)_______itwillhappen.But(30)_______doseeitsaythattheywillneverforgetit.【答案】29.that30.whoever考情分析：·题型：语法填空12空；翻译题中也会嵌入名词性从句。·高频角度：①what引导的主语从句（2022翻译题What…conveysisthat…）；②抽象名词后同位语从句that不省；③it作形式主语/宾语结构复现。期末考查以“引导词精准选择”、“语序规则应用”“形式主/宾语用法”为核心，侧重期中后重点——表语从句与主语从句的混合辨析、介词后宾语从句的特殊用法，以及语篇中“时态呼应+语境逻辑”的综合判断。复习目标：1.熟练掌握主语、宾语、表语从句的核心结构、引导词分类及适用场景，能快速判断从句类型。2.精准区分易混引导词（that/what/whether/if等）的用法边界，规避语序、时态、引导词省略等典型错误。3.能在语法填空、单选、写作中灵活运用，应对“复杂句式+语境逻辑”的综合性题目（如语篇中嵌套多类从句）。名词性从句名词性从句在句中起名词作用的各种从句，称为名词性从句。分类：主从：主句谓语前宾从：及物动词、形容词或介词之后表从：系动词后同位语从句：抽象名词后主语从句主语从句1.定义：在句子中充当主语的从句称为主语从句,位于句首主语的位置。当主语从句位于句首时,引导从句的连接词一律不能省略,其谓语动词通常用单数。2.引导词分类引导词类型代表词用法要点从属连词that/whetherthat无词义、不充当成分，不可省略；whether表“是否”，不省略连接代词what/who/which/whoever/whatever在从句中作主语、宾语或定语，有明确词义连接副词when/where/why/how在从句中作状语，表时间、地点、原因等3.关键用法语序：必须用陈述语序（例：Whenhewilleisunknown.而非Whenwillhee...）。形式主语：It作形式主语的句型1)It+be+形容词+that从句2)It+be+名词+that从句3)It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句(said,believed,reported,known,proved,…)4)It+不及物动词+that从句(seem,appear,happen…)主谓一致：单个主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数；两个及以上从句并列作主语时，谓语用复数（例：Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgoarestillunknown.）。宾语从句宾语从句定义：充当及物动词、介词或形容词后的宾语的从句。引导词分类(1)从属连词：that（可省略，多动词后）、whether/if（表“是否”，介词后只能用whether）。(2)连接代词：what/who/whom/whose/which（作从句主语、宾语等）。(3)连接副词：when/where/why/how（作从句状语）。3.关键用法(1)语序：陈述语序（例：Sheaskedwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.）。(2)that的省略：单个宾语从句中可省，多个并列从句中仅第一个可省（例：Hesaid(that)hewouldeandthathewouldbringagift.）。(3)形式宾语：“主语+find/think/consider/make+it+宾补+that从句”（例：Ifinditusefulthatwelearnbodylanguage.）。(4)特殊搭配：介词（insiston/devoteto）或固定短语（havedifficultyin）后接从句时，需先接介词再引导从句（例：Theyinsistedonholdingthepartyoutdoors.）。4.注意点(1)在动词agree，argue，assure，hold，indicate，maintain，inform，object，suggest等后接宾语从句时，that通常不省略。例如：Thescientistheldthatthedrugwasdangerous.Theymaintainthatrulesaboutdressarealimitationofpersonalfreedom.Heobjectedthatitwasimpossible.(2)连接两个并列的宾语从句时，连接第二个宾语从句的that不可省略。例如：Hesaidhecouldn'ttellyourightawayandthatyouwouldn'tunderstand.Iknowyouaren'tadoctorandthatyouwantyoursontobeeadoctor.(3)介词后不接that引导的从句，但可接thefactthat接从句作宾语。Hewasresponsibleforthefactthathisdoghadbittenhisneighbor.HerefusedtohelpmedespitethefactthatIaskedhimseveraltimes.(4)复合关系代词what引导描述事物的名词性从句中，what=thethingthat，常可译为・・・的（东西/地方/状态等）。Hefeltaglowofprideinwhatshehadacplished.Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwhatwasawastelandtenyearsago.(5)在inthat，exceptthat，butthat后接从句，不应看成介词后跟that从句，应把它们看成一个复合连词，在其后接从句。(1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不可省略；②宾语从句前有插入语时；③that引导的从句位于句首时。(2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh­类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句，连接词表示“是否”时，只用whether，不用if。表语从句表语从句1.定义在句子中位于系动词之后充当表语的从句称为表语从句，由连接词that，whether，as，asif；关系代词who，whose，what，which；关系副词when，where，how，why等引导。对主语进行解释说明的从句。一般结构是：“主语+系动词+表语从句”。表语从句必须用陈述语序。2.常见的系动词有：状态系动词：be动词;感官系动词：look/feel/smell/taste/sound等；变化系动词：get/bee/turn/grow/fall/grow等持续系动词：remain/stay/keep（仍然）表象系动词：seem/appear（似乎，好像）终止系动词：prove/turnout(结果是，证明是)3.引导词分类从属连词：that/whether/asif（that不可省略；if不能引导表语从句）。连接代词：what/who/which/whatever（作从句主语、宾语等）。连接副词：when/where/why/how（作从句状语）。特殊连词：because（表原因，仅用于表语从句）。3.关键用法语序：陈述语序（例：ThequestionishowwecanimproveourEnglish.）。that引导表语从句时,仅起连接作用。①无意义②不充当成分③不可省略whether引导表语从句时，起连接作用，①有“是否”之意②不充当成分注意：if不能引导表语从句连接副词where,when,why,how等除在句中起连接作用，在从句中还充当地点、时间、原因、方式状语，本身具有词义表语从句的特殊句式：thereasonwhy...isthat...。。。的原因是。。（定从；表从）Thatisbecause...

那是因为。。。（表从，表原因或理由）Thatiswhy...

那就是。。的原因（表从，表结果）解｜题｜技｜巧1.判类型：分析从句在句中作主语、宾语还是表语（看位置：句首→主语从句；动词/介词后→宾语从句；系动词后→表语从句）。2.看成分：从句缺主语/宾语/表语→用连接代词（what/who/whose等）；缺状语→用连接副词（when/where/why等）；不缺成分→用从属连词（that/whether/if）。3.定引导词：根据语境意义选择（如“是否”用whether/if；“……的事物”用what）。4.查规则：核实语序（陈述语序）、时态呼应、引导词特殊用法（如介词后不用if）。【即时检测】一、单句语法填空1.Itisnouse________(argue)withsomeonewhoisobstinateandrefusestolisten.2.Whatsurprisedthewholeclassmost________(be)hisoutstandingperformanceinthenationalEnglishpetition.3.Thequestionwearediscussingnowis________wecanoverethedifficultywithinaweek.4.Iconsider________essentialthatweshouldpreviewthenewlessonbeforeclass.5.________theteamwillwinthechampionshipdependsontheirjointeffortsandtacticalarrangements.二、翻译句子1.我们是否应该参加这个国际交流项目取决于个人兴趣和语言能力。（主语从句）2.老师提醒我们，良好的学习习惯对提升成绩起着关键作用。（宾语从句）3.他能在短时间内适应新环境的原因是他善于沟通且心态开放。（表语从句）三、单项选择1．（2425高二上·上海嘉定·期末）Itisstillamystery_____theancientcivilizationdisappearedwithoutleavingatrace.A．which B．what C．when D．how2．（2324高二上·上海浦东新·期末）________isnopossibility________aforeignercanbeelectedtotheCongress.A．There,that B．It,that C．There,whether D．It,whether3．（1415高二上·上海·期末）_____wewillgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A．If B．Whether C．That D．Where4．（2425高二上·上海·期末）Asisoftenthecase,_____makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A．whoever B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever5．（2324高二上·上海崇明·期末）________determinesagoodmealvariesfromcountrytocountry.A．That B．What C．How D．which6．（2324高二上·上海浦东新·期末）Whatmadetheschoolproudwas________morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A．because B．why C．whether D．that7．（2324高二上·上海浦东新·期末）________winstheelectionisgoingtohaveatoughjobgettingtheeconomybackonitsfeet.A．Whoever B．Nomatterwho C．Anyone D．Who8．（2324高二上·上海崇明·期末）Itisapity________Ican’taffordthiscoolcar.A．how B．what C．that D．which9．（2324高二上·上海崇明·期末）Ithasn’tbeendecided________willbeourheadmaster.A．which B．what C．who D．that10．（2324高二上·上海浦东新·期末）AlatestsurveyrevealsthattwothirdsofthepublicschoolsinLACountyhavemade________studentsshallwearuniformsatschool.A．arulethat B．itarulethat C．arule D．itarule11．（2324高二上·上海·期末）Legendhasit_________monsterslivetheKanasLake’sdepthandtheyoftendragdrinkinghorsesandcamelsintothewaterbeforeswallowingthem.A．that B．what C．when D．as12．（2324高二上·上海·期末）attendedthepremiere(首映)ofthisnewplayissuretotelltheshowisworthytwice.A．Whoeverhas…tobewatched B．Whoeverhas…watchingC．Thosewhohave…tobewatched D．Thosewhohave…watching13．（2324高二上·上海·期末）Themostwidelyacceptedtheoryabout_________theMiddleEasthaslargeoilreservesisthattheregionwasnotalwaysavastdesert.A．which B．that C．why D．whether基础通关（测试时间：10分钟）一、语法填空1.Onacool,starrynightinmidSeptember1870,fourmenrelaxedbeforeacampfirealongtheFireholeRiverin_____________isnownorthwesternofWyoming.2.WhenGodclosesadoor,heopensawindow,andthisgirlbelieves__________sheencountersallthewayisanimpressivegift.3.Catchingsightofthesunriseandsunset,KuaFusuddenlyhituponanidea____________hewantedtoraceagainstthesuntoseewhoranfaster!4.Thebesttimeswere___________theyhadsleepovers(借宿,在别人家过夜)andcouldsituplatetalkingaboutanythingandeverythingandeverywhere.5.Anexplosivemixtureofgunpowderandchemicalpounds(化合物)is___________makesfireworksflashinprettycoloursandfunshapes.6.Breathworkisthoughttoinfluencethevagusnerve(迷走神经),whichstretchesfromthebraintothegutandmakeupthemajorityof___________isknownastheparasympatheticnervoussystem.7.Itisbelieved___________studentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan__________theygo.8.Youcanputit____________itwasarrangedbefore.9.___________beautyesfromwithiniswidelyacceptedintoday’ssociety.Therefore,weshouldattachgreatimportancetoinnerbeauty.10.40gramsofmeatperdayis____________peopleshouldconsumeinordertostayfit.11.Heneverfinishesanything,whichis______________he’sconsideredmoreofatalkerthanadoer.12.Tobehonest,Iamnotthepersondeservingthehonor;itshouldbegivento___________wethinkhasmadethegreatestcontribution.二、选择题1.______inthesunfortoolongisbadforyourskin.（）A.SitB.SittingC.TositD.Sat2.Heisinterestedin______stamps.（）A.collectB.collectingC.tocollectD.collected3.Thenewsis______.Weareall______atit.（）A.surprising;surprisingB.surprised;surprisedC.surprising;surprisedD.surprised;surprising4.Idon’tknow______hewilleornot.（）A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.what5.______hard,youwillmakeprogress.（）A.WorkB.WorkingC.ToworkD.Worked6.Hesuggested______tothecinemathisevening.（）A.goB.goingC.togoD.gone7.______theproject,theyhadaparty.（）A.pletingB.pleteC.TopleteD.Havingpleted8.Thereasonwhyhewaslateis______hemissedthebus.（）A.thatB.becauseC.whyD.what9.It’sworthwhile______thefilmagain.（）A.watchB.watchingC.towatchD.watched10.Shedevotesallhertimeto______herstudents.（）A.teachB.teachingC.toteachD.taught重难突破（测试时间：10分钟）一、根据语境，用适当的连接词完成下列名词性从句1.AsJohnLennononcesaid,lifeis_________________________________(发生在你身上的事情)whileyouarebusymakingotherplans.2.________________________________(苏珊向我表明)shewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.3.______________________________________(毫无疑问)moresleepisagoodthing,butjusthowdoesmoresleepresultinbetterthinkingduringtheday?4.WhatpuzzlesLily’sfriendsis________________________________(为什么她总是有那么多疯狂的想法).5.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin________________________________(十年前荒废的地方)6.Generallyspeaking,heisagoodstudent________________________________(除了不时的有点粗心大意外).7._____________________________(无关紧要)heesforthemeetingornot.8.Itisoftenthecase_____________________________(一切皆有可能)forthosewhohangontohope.9.Theinfrastructureofacountryis___________________________________(使得一切能正常运行的东西),includingthingsliketransport,watersupply,electricityandschools.10.Thereasonwhyhefailedtimeandagainis__________________________________(因为他不够努力)二、根据题后所给的要求改写句子11.Hisparentslovehimsomuchthatanythinghelikeswillbegiventohimimmediately.(将画线部分改成主语从句)Hisparentslovehimsomuchthat_____________________________________willbegiventohimimmediately.12.Whynotreadourguidetoapplytoauniversityabroad?Therelevantinformationisavailableinourguide.(用表语从句改写)Whynotreadourguidetoapplytoauniversityabroad?Thisis_____________________________________.13.Anybookheboughtherewouldbepaidincash.(将画线部分改成主语从句)________________________________________wouldbepaidincash.14.Heisabsentfromschool.Hisfatherisbadlyillinhospital.(将两句合并为含有同位语从句的主从句)Thereasonwhyheisabsentfromschool_______________________________________________________.15.Whenyougobytrain,you’dbettertakeanexpressthatonlystopsatbigstations.Pleaseseetoit.(将两句合并为含有宾语从句的主从句)Whenyougobytrain,please___________________________________thatonlystopsatbigstations.16.Heisnotingforthemeeting.I’vejustgotword.(将两句合并为含有同位语从句的主从句)I’vejustgotword_______________________________________________________________________.17.Onlinecoursesprovideawonderfulmodel.Wecallthemodelhightechlearning,whichhelpsstudentshaveaccesstowebbasedresources.(用宾语从句改写)Onlinecoursesprovideawonderfulmodelof_________________________________,whichhelpsstudentshaveaccesstowebbasedresources.18.Themanagerhasdecidedtopromotethosepersons.Hethinkstheyareenergeticandcleverinthepositionsoftheleadershipofthepany.(用宾语从句改写)Themanagerhasdecidedtopromote____________hethinks_________________________oftheleadershipofthepany.19.Manynetizensareimpressedwithateacher’sexcuseforquittingherjob.Sheowestheworldavisit.(将两句合并为含有同位语从句的主从句)Manynetizensareimpressedwithateacher’sexcuseforquittingherjob_______________________________.20.Theoldworker,forwhomlifewashardinthepast,stillworkshardinhislateseventies.Itisknowntousall.(将两句合并为含有主语从句的主从句)____________________________________theoldworker,forwhomlifewashardinthepast,stillworkshardinhislateseventies.易混易错（测试时间：10分钟）一、单项选择1.______theteamcanoverethechallengesandachievethegoalremainsuncertain.A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.What2.Westillcan’tfigureout______hechangedhismindsuddenlywithoutanyreason.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.who3.Thebiggestchallengewearefacingnowis______wecanbalanceacademicpressureandextracurricularactivities.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.how4.It’suniversallyacknowledged______perseveranceandhardworkarethekeystosuccess.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when5.Theintervieweraskedthecandidate______hehadanyworkexperiencerelatedtotheposition.A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.where6.______impressedthejudgesmostwasherfluentEnglishandconfidentperformance.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Who7.Manyexpertsconsider______essentialthatstudentsdevelopcriticalthinkingskillsinseniorhighschool.A.thisB.thatC.itD.what8.Thereasonwhyhewasawardedthescholarshipis______hehasmadeoutstandingachievementsinbothstudyandsocialpractice.A.becauseB.thatC.whatD.whether9.Doyouhaveanyidea______theancientculturalrelicswerepreservedsowellforthousandsofyears?A.whenB.thatC.whatD.how10.______welearnfromthefailureismorevaluablethanthesuccessitself.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.How二、语法填空（10题）11.Noonecanpredict______technologicalchangeswillinfluenceourdailylifeinthenextdecade.12.______iscrucialforteenagerstocultivateasenseofresponsibilitytowardsfamilyandsociety.13.Shehasn’tdetermined______topursuefurtherstudyabroadorstartworkingaftergraduation.14.Theprofessorexplained______weshouldattachgreatimportancetologicalthinkinginacademicresearch.15.Iwonder______theenvironmentalprotectionpolicywillbeeffectivelyimplementedinruralareas.16.______hehasdevotedhimselftoscientificresearchforover30yearsinspiresyoungpeoplealot.17.Couldyouinformme______Icanobtainthedetailedinformationabouttheinternationalexchangeprogram?18.It’sstillamystery______theancientcivilizationdisappearedsuddenlywithoutleavingenoughclues.19.Themanagerthinks______significantthatthepanyshouldinvestmoreintechnologicalinnovation.20.Thedebatefocuseson______onlineeducationcanpletelyreplacetraditionalclassroomteaching.链接高考（测试时间：15分钟）一、选择题1．（2023·天津·高考真题）Peoplewhovaluetheirprivacyareconcernedabout_________Googlemightdowiththeinformationitisgathering.A．that B．what C．why D．how2．（2023·天津·高考真题）Recently,scientistshavestartedadebateon_______theputerswill“think”likehumaninhalfacentury.A．where B．whether C．whose D．which3．（2022·天津·高考真题）Mentalhealthinvolves________youprocessthingssuchasstressandanxiety.A．how B．what C．why D．which4．（2021·天津·高考真题）ItseemedthatIhadbee________myparentshadwantedmetobe.A．when B．where C．what D．whether5．（2021·天津·高考真题）WhatpuzzlesLily’sfriendsis________shealwayshassomanycrazyideas.A．whether B．why C．what D．when6．（2020·天津·高考真题）Thestudentpletedthisexperimenttomakeetrue______ProfessorJosephhadsaid.A．that B．what C．when D．where7．（2020·天津·高考真题）MygrandmotherhelpedmebelievethatIcouldacplish____________Iputmymindto.A．whenever B．whatever C．wherever D．whichever二、翻译1．（2425高二上·上海普陀·期末）Smith太太常对我抱怨，她发现自己与女儿无法沟通。(plain)(汉译英)2．（2425高二上·上海黄浦·期末）我觉得把时间花在能带来快乐和满足感的爱好上很值得。（worthwhile）(汉译英)3．（2324高二上·上海黄浦·期末）令我们无比感动的是,尽管道路险阻,警察们最终成功营救了困在雪地的游客们。(despite)(汉译英)4．（2324高二上·上海浦东新·期末）研究人员想弄清楚经常与动物接触是否能帮助人们有效减轻压力。(exposure)(汉译英)5．（2324高二上·上海·期末）我没想到他这样自律的学生这个暑假也会沉迷网络游戏，好多作业都没动。(abandon)（汉译英）6．（2324高二上·上海·期末）据预测，野生老虎的数量将在未来十年因它们栖息地的改变而骤减。(decline)(汉译英