第05讲非谓语动词（寒假复习讲义）（原卷版）

第05讲非谓语动词（寒假复习讲义）内容导航考点聚焦：归纳核心考点&高考考点，有的放矢重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固复习提升：真题感知&综合提升专练，全面突破重点01非谓语动词专题速记精讲非谓语动词是高考语法填空、短文改错的高频考点，核心是不做谓语，保留动词特征，分为三类：不定式（todo）、动名词（doing）、分词（现在分词doing/过去分词done）一、核心概念速记本质：动词变形后在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语、补语关键：找准逻辑主语，判断主动/被动、进行/完成关系二、三类非谓语核心用法对比类型基本形式核心含义句法功能典型搭配/考点不定式todo（一般）tobedone（被动）tohavedone（完成）具体、将来、一次性动作主语、宾语、状语、宾补、定语1.固定搭配wanttodo,decidetodo2.目的状语：todo3.宾补：asksb.todo4.定语：thewaytosolve动名词doing（一般）beingdone（被动）havingdone（完成）抽象、习惯、经常性动作主语、宾语、表语、定语固定搭配：enjoydoing,minddoing介词后：begoodatdoing3.作主语：Seeingisbelieving现在分词doing（主动进行）beingdone（被动进行）havingdone（主动完成）主动、进行定语、状语、宾补、表语1.状语：表伴随/原因，Doinghomework,helistenedtomusic2.定语：asleepingboy（主动）过去分词done（被动完成）被动、完成定语、状语、宾补、表语1.状语：表被动原因Seenfromthetop,thecitylookssmall.2.定语：abrokencup（被动/完成）三、高频考点秒杀技巧1.介词后必用doing口诀：介后动名跑不了，lookforwardtodoing（易错to是介词）2.使役/感官动词的宾补主动全过程：let/make/havesb.do；seesb.do主动进行中：seesb.doing被动还原to：sb.bemadetodo3.状语判断三步走①找逻辑主语（句子主语→②判断主被动→③判断时间（进行/完成）例：______(finish)hiswork,heleft.→Havingfinished（主动+完成）4.定语区别doing：与被修饰词主动，adevelopingcountrydone：与被修饰词被动，adevelopedcountry四、易错点避雷不定式省略to：使役动词（let/make/have）、感官动词（see/hear/watch）的主动宾补havingdone/havingbeendone：只作状语，表“先于主句动作”，不能作定语独立主格结构：非谓语逻辑主语≠句子主语时，需自带主语例：Timepermitting,wewillgoout.（permit的逻辑主语是time）五、速记口诀非谓三式不做谓，todo将来一次性，doing主动或习惯，done被动或完成。介后doing要牢记，使役感官to省略，状语先判主被动，定语分清主和被。重点02非谓语动词固定搭配类考点思维导图一、单句语法填空（高考高频题型）1.Theteacherencouragedus(take)partintheEnglishspeechcontest.2.(give)moretime,wecouldhavefinishedthetaskbetter.3.Iregret(tell)himthesecret,whichmadehimveryupset.4.Thegirl(stand)attheschoolgateismydeskmate.5.Hewasseen(enter)thebuildingjustnow.6.Having(finish)hishomework,hewentouttoplaybasketball.7.Thebook(write)byMoYanisverypopularamongteenagers.8.Sheislookingforwardto(receive)aletterfromherpenpal.9.It'snouse(argue)withhim;heistoostubborn.10.Thedoctoradvisedhimto(giveup)smokingforhishealth.二、单句改错（短文改错高频考点）1.IwantbuyanewdictionaryformyEnglishstudy.2.Heisbusypreparefortheingfinalexam.3.Myparentsdon'tallowmegoingoutatnight.4.Iremembertoseehimsomewherebefore,butIcan'ttellhisname.5.Theteachermadethestudentstocopythetextthreetimes.三、完形填空（语境应用）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WhenIwasachild,Iloved1.(read)fairytales.Oneday,Ihappened2.(find)abookinmyfather'sstudy.3.(write)inoldEnglish,itwasabitdifficultforme4.(understand).However,IwassointerestedinthestoriesthatIkept5.(read)itforhours.6.(finish)thebook,Ifeltastrongdesire7.(write)myownfairytales.Now,asaseniorhighschoolstudent,Istillenjoy8.(create)storiesinmyfreetime,hoping9.(share)themwithmorepeopleinthefuture.一、单项选择1.（2425高一下·江苏南京·期末）Attheageof84,TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforMedicine,______herthefirstfemaleChinesescientist______theaward.A．making;towin B．tomake;winning C．making;winning D．tomake;towin2．（2425高一下·江西吉安·期末）Withavillager________theway,wehadnotrouble________theoldtemple.A．leading;tofind B．leading;finding C．led;tofind D．led;finding3.（2425高一下·湖南邵阳·期末）Theyarrivedattheairportonly_____theflighthadbeencancelledduetothesnowstorm.A．find B．tofind C．finding D．found4.（2425高一下·广东深圳·期末）______fromhisexpression,hemusthavereceivedbadnews.A．Judged B．Judging C．Tojudge D．Havingjudged5.（2425高一下·河南信阳·期末）Thelibrary________nowwillbeopennextmonth.A．built B．building C．beingbuilt D．tobebuilt二、选词填空（2425高一下·福建福州·期末）根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个多余的单词或短语。seek,

makeabet,

attach,

byaccident,

select,

carrysbthrough

decade,

bringabout,

occur,

figureout,1．Shewaselectedtothefirstnationalpeople’scongressandoverthenextsheheldmanyimportantpositions.2．Tworichbrothershadbeenhavingaheatedargumentforacoupleofdays,andfinallytheytosettleit.3．Havescientistsawaytostoresufficientfoodandwaterforthelongjourney?4．Well,Ican’tsaythatIhaveanyplans.Asamatteroffact,IlandedinBritain.5．TheChallengerdisasterthaton28January1986resultedinthedeathoffiveNASAastronautsandtwospecialists.6．Over300,000peoplecamefromallovertheworldandtheirfortune,makingSanFranciscoquicklybeeabigcity.7．Asthefirstwomantomakeatripintospace,Tereshkovafeltluckyandproud.8．ThesewordsofDrLinQiaozhigiveusalookintotheheartofthisamazingwomanandwhatalifeofhardchoices.三、改错（2425高一下·重庆长寿·期末）请找出下面各句中错误的一处。1．Youmay[A]feelbetter[B]ifyoutake[C]thewalk[D]inthepark.2．The[A]longdesk[B]underthetreeismade[C]from[D]wood.3．Sometimes[A]givingupa[B]littlecan[C]mean[D]getmore.4．Iameager[A]tolearnabout[B]thathas[C]takenplace[D]inmyhometown.5．Doyou[A]think[B]shoppingonlinewillfinallytake[C]aplaceof[D]shoppinginphysicalstores?6．[A]Whenthechild[B]sawtheyoungwoman[C]dressinginwhite,hestarted[D]cryingimmediately.7．Itis[A]greatlyfun[B]toexperiencethefirstsnowball[C]fightjust[D]beforetheNewYear!8．You’dbetter[A]make[B]agoodplan[C]afteryou[D]takeaholiday.9．As[A]farasIknow,theyoungmanis[B]harderto[C]getalong[D]with.10．Wearenot[A]allowedtotake[B]photo[C]here[D]withoutpermission.综合提升练一、单项选择1．______therailwaystation,wehadabreak,only______thetrainhadleft.A．Onarrivingat;tofind B．ingto;discoveringthatC．Arrivingat;findingout D．Hurryingto;tohavefoundout2．_________withtheteam_________of5students,wearelikelytowin.A．pared;consisting B．paring;consistedC．Topare;toconsist D．pared;consisted3．Scientistssaythosewholiveinhouses________withgreenplantsarehealthierbothphysicallyandmentally.A．decorated B．decorating C．beingdecorated D．tobedecorating4．Whenwaterisheated,wecanseesteam________fromit.A．rising B．torise C．rose D．raise5．Hereturned,only______thatthebedroomwasinamessbuthadnoideawhowastoblame.A．found B．tofind C．finding D．havingfound二、语法填空6．(strike)byhisupliftingspeech,theteacherawardedthefirstprizetohim.(所给词的适当形式填空)7．Hewastheonlyforeigner(give)suchanhonor.(所给词的适当形式填空)8．When(serve)inthearmyduringtheSecondWorldWar,hecarriedsixchaptersofthebook.(所给词的适当形式填空)9．Thispetitionisawonderfulopportunityforyoungartists(stir)uptheircreativity.(所给词的适当形式填空)10．(judge)fromthecurrentsituation,anewplanshouldbeputforwardassoonaspossible.(所给词的适当形式填空)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Passage01LastOctoberIlefttheUKbehindandjoinedGillottsSchoolontheirrugbyandhockeytourinsunnyItaly.ItwasmyfirsttimeawayonasportstourandIcouldnothaveenjoyedit1(much)!Fivedaysofsports,betweentrainingandmatcheswithItalianplayers,butalsoplenty2timeforsightseeingandfreemomentstoenjoyanicecreaminthesun.3ourflighthadlandedinMilan,wegotonourcoachanddroveforacoupleofhourstowardsourhomefortheweek,theHotelSanZeno,a4(fort),familyrunacmodation,withasplendidviewofLakeGarda.Startingthedaywithaselfledtraining,enjoyingaboattouronthelake,wanderingalongthestreetsofSirmioneforafewhoursandheadingoff5(play)asport—thesearejustafew6(example)ofthekindofadventuresyoucouldbehaving!Thegirlsandboysonthistourseemedtoenjoy7(they)thoroughly,especiallyafterwinningALLoftheirgames!Ifoundmyself8(cheer)themonlikeaproudauntandcelebratingafterwardswithfood,drinkandsocialtime,hostedbyrugbyclubsaftermatches.Onthelastdayweheadedbackto9airport,butnotbeforestoppinginMilan!We10(pay)avisittotheSanSiromuseumandenjoyedastadiumtourbeforemovingontoMilancitycentreforanafternoonofshopping.Passage02DuringtheAmericanCivilWar,ayoungman1(name)RoswellMcIntyrewasdraftedintothearmy.Thewarwasnotgoingwell.Thearmyneeded2(soldier)somuchthathewassentintobattlewithoutbeingtrained.Roswellbecamefrightenedandran.Laterhe3(sentence)tobeshotfordesertion.Roswell'smotherappealedtoPresidentLincoln,4(beg)thathewasyoungandinexperienced,andthatheneeded5secondchance.Lincolnthoughtandprayed.Thenhewrotean6(admiration)statement.“Ihavenoticed,”hesaid,“thatitneverdoesaboymuchgoodtoshoothim.”Hewrotethisletterinhisownhandwriting:“RoswellMcIntyre7(be)tobereadmittedintothearmy.Whenheservesouthisrequiredenlistment(服兵役期),hewillbefreedofanychargesofdesertion.”Thatletter,signedbyPresidentLincoln,is8displayintheLibraryofCongress.Besideitthereisanote,9reads,“ThisletterwastakenfromthebodyofRoswellMcIntyre,whodiedrespectablyattheBattleofFiveForksinVirginia.”Nowyoumightbe10(vast)surprisedatthepowerofforgiveness.Passage03Inmanyfilms,wheneverEarthfacesadisaster,the1（solve）isalwaysfleeingtheplanet2spaceship.ButnowtheChinesescifimovie,TheWanderingEarth

3（offer）adifferentand4（encourage）idea.Inthefilm,Earthisbeingdestroyedbythedyingsun.Inresponse,humansaroundtheworldworktogether5(build)agiantenginesystem,6willpushEarthawayfromthesun.This"ambition"didn'tefromnowhere.Uptonow“homeland”7(have)asoftspotintheheartsandmindsofChinesepeople.Thisspecialculturalbackground8(probable)makesTheWanderingEarthdifferentfromotherfilms.ThefilmwasreleasedonFeb5,thefirstdayofChineseNewYear.Itwas9timewhenmanypeoplehadjustmadethehardjourneybackto10(they)home