Unit 8 课时练1 阅读理解提速练

课时练1阅读理解提速练

I阅读理解

A

（2019•福州毕业班适应性练习）Knownas“TheManwiththeGoldenAnn”，nearlyevery

weekforthepast60years»JamesHarrisonhasdonatedbloodplasma（血浆）fromhisrightarm.

Thereasonscandatebacktoaseriousmedicalprocedure.

“WhenIwas14,Ihadachestoperation,MrecallsHarrison,whoisnowaged80.“Myfather

saidIhadreceived13unitsofbloodandmylifehadbeensavedbyunknownpeople.SoIsaid

whenI'moldenough,I'IIbecomeablooddonor."

SoonafterHarrisonbecameadonor,doctorscalledhimin.Hisblood,theysaid,couldbethe

answertoadeadlyproblem.

“InAustralia»upuntilabout1967,therewereaboutthousandsofbabiesdyingeachyear

becauseoftherhesusdisease（恒河猴溶血病），"explainsJemmaFaikenmire,oftheAustralianRed

CrossBloodService.

Harrisonwasdiscoveredtohaveanunusualantibody（抗体）inhisbloodandinthe1960she

workedwithdoctorstousetheantibodiestodevelopaninjection（注射）calledAnti-Dwhichcan

preventthisdisease.

Harrison'sbloodisprecious.EverybatchofAnti-DthathaseverbeenmadeinAustraliahas

comefromHarrison,sblood.HeandAnti-Darecreditedwithsavingthelivesofmorethan2

millionbabies,accordingtotheAustralianRedCrossBloodService：That'sabout2millionlives

savedbyoneman'sblood.

Harrisonisconsideredanationalhero,andhaswonnumerousawards.Hehasnowdonated

hisplasmamorethan1,000times,butnomatterhowmanytimeshe'sgivenbloodtherefsone

thingthatwillneverchange：441lookattheceilingorthenurses,maybetalktothemabit,butnever

oncehaveIwatchedtheneedlegoinmyarm.Ican'tstand:hesightofblood,andIcan'tstand

pain,“hesays.

【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲解并描述了JamesHarrison用自己的血液挽

救了超过两百万名婴儿生命的故事。

1.Whatwas（hemainreasonforHarrison'sbecomingablooddonor?

A.Hehasagoldenarm.

B.Hehaspreciousbloodplasma.

C.Hisfatherencouragedhim（ohelpothers.

D.Donatedbloodoncemadehimsurvive.

D解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段的“MyfathersaidIhadreceived13unitsofblood

andmylifehadbeensavedbyunknownpeople.SoIsaidwhen【'moldenough,I'11becomea

blooddonor.”可知，Harrison知道他的生命是被不相识的人救的，所以长大后要做一个献血

者。故D项正确。

2.WhyisJames'bloodprecious?

A.JameshastheAnti-Dinhisblood.

B.Hisbloodismoreusefulintreatingtherhesusdisease.

C.James'bloodis(hemainsourceofAnti-DinAustralia.

D.Jameshasdonatedmoreplasmathanotherdonators.

C解析：细微环节理解题。依据第六段第一、二句可知，Harrison的血液珍贵的缘由是

他的血液是澳大利亚Anti-D的主要来源，故C项正确。

3.HowdoesHarrisonfeelwhendonatinghisplasma?

A.Nervous.B.Relaxed.

C.Anxious.D.Excited.

A解析：推理推■断题。依据最终—■1段中的UIlookattheceilingorthenurses,maybetalk

tothemabit,butneveroncehaveIwatchedtheneedlegoinmyarm.”可知,在献血时他看着天

花板或者护士，或许跟护士聊一聊，但从来不看针扎进千臂。据此可以推断，他在献血时很

惊慌，故A项正确。

(2019•江西赣中南五校联省)BeforeIstudiedpsychology,Iusedto

thinkthatpeoplewouldlaughwhenfunnythingsoccurred.While1wasright

aboutthat»Idiscoveredtherearclotsofotherpsychologicalfactorsthatmake

peoplelaughotherthanthefunnypartofajoke.Whensomeonelaughsata

joke,therewillusuallybemorethanonereasonthatmakeshimlaugh—andthemorereasonsthere

arc,themorepowerfulthejokewillbe.

Iwasattendingastand-upcomedyshowinEgypt»andwhenthemanstartedtomakefunof

pedestrianscrossingstreets,everyonelaughedtheirheadsoff.Themainreasonwhythosepeople

stronglylaughedwasthatdmostallof(hemfeltangrytowardspedestrianswhocrossedstreets

cardcssly.Thcjokewasn'tonlyfunny,butitalsomadetheaudiencefeelthattheywererightabout

beingangryal(hosepedestrians.Thatis,peoplewerelaughingbothbecauseofthefunnyjokeand

becauseofthehappinessexperiencedasaresultofthepsychologicalsupporttheygot.

Thebetterajokemakesapersonfeel,andthemoreitincludesotherpsychologicalfactors,the

morethepersonwilllikeit.Forexample»ifyouenvyoneofyourfriends,andsomeonetellsajoke

thatisfunnyand»atthesametiine»makesyourfriendseemstupid»thenyouwillprobablylaugh

atitlouderthanifyouweren'tjealousofhim.

Inshort,wcdon'tlaughonlywhenwchearsomethingfunny;wcalsolaughwhenwc

experiencesomekindofhappinessthatresultsfromtheotherpsychologicalfactorsinvolvedinthe

joke.Istronglydiscourageyoufrommakingfunofanyoneorbelittlingsomeonetomakesomeone

elselaugh.AllIwanttoexplainisthatifyourjokesupportsaperson'semotions,hewillcertainly

likeitalot.

【解题导语】本文主要分析了人们笑的缘由。

4.Whatdidtheauthorfindoutafterstudyingpsychology?

A.Onlygoodjokesmakepeoplelaugh.

B.Manyfactorsleadtopeople'slaughing.

C.Funnythingscanmakepeoplelaugh.

D.Laughtercanmakepeoplehealthy.

B解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段其次句可知，作者在学了心理学之后发觉，笑

不仅仅是因为事情好笑，还有许多其他的心理因素的促成和影响，故选B。

5.Whydidtheaudiencelaughloudatthepedestrians?

A.Theyplayedatrickonthepedestrians.

B.Thepedestriansbehavedinafunnyway.

C.Theycouldfeelthepedestrians,happiness.

D.Theiremotionwasapprovedofbytheshow.

D解析：推理推断题。依据其次段最终一句可推知，人们对行人的行为大笑的缘由是

他们在心理上产生了共鸣，故选D。

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordubelittlingvprobablymean?

A.Annoy.B.Blame.

C.Lookdownon.D.Makeupto.

C解析：词义揣测题。依据最终一段倒数其次句可推知，动词belittle和短语makefun

of是近义词，结合选项可知，应选C。annoy"使愤怒"；blame"指责”；lookdownon”蔑

视，瞧不起"；makeupto"接近，奉承，补足”。

7.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?

B解析：推理推断题。结合全文可知，第一段导入话题；其次、三段通过详细事例进

行分析；依据文聿最终一段的开头“Inshorl”可知，最终一段属于总结。由此可知，本文属于

总——分-----总的结构，符合本文结构的图表是B选项c

C

（2019•福州毕业班适应性练习）NohumanhassetfootontheMoon

since1972.Now,aftermorethanfourdecadesofinactivity,interestin

puttinghumansbackontheMoonisfinallyheatingupagain.Butwhowill

gettherefirst?

CHINA

On14December2019,ChinasuccessfullylandeditsJadeRabbitrover（探测车）ontheMoon.

Itisnowworkingonitsnextexplorationmission.NamedChang'c4,themissionisscheduledto

touchdownintheAitkenBasinneartheendof2019.Ifsuccessful,itwillbethefirstlandingonthe

Moon'sfarside.

RUSSIA

RussiaplansamannedMoonlandingin2030.Itiscurrentlyworkingonaprojectwhoseidea

isthatthelanderswillexplorethesouthpoleoftheMoon,exploringforresourcessuchasminerals

andwatericetoheusedtoprovideforahumanoutpost（前哨站）.

INDIA

FollowingthesuccessofitsChandrayaan-1in2019,Indiaannouncedafollow-onmission.

Chandrayaan-2wasmeanttocooperatewithRussia.ButwhentheRussiansfailedtodeliverthe

promisedlanderin2019,Indiadecidedtogoitalone.Chandrayaan-2isabouttobesentupin

2019.

U.S.A.

InDecember2019,NASAplanstosenduptheExplorationMission1,anuncrewedtestof

（heirOrionastronautcapsuleinwhichthecraftwillcirclearoundtheMoonbeforereturningto

Earth.Allbeingwell,acrewedcapsulewillfollowin2023.Shouldthemissionproveasuccess,

theastronautswillbethefirsthumanstoseethefarsideoftheMoonwiththeirowneyessince

Apollo17in1972.

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国、俄罗斯、度和美国的登月安排。

8.WhatwillChinadoinitsnextspacemission?

A.ImproveitsJadeRabbitrover.

B.Workwithothercountries.

C.LandChang'c4ontheMoon.

D.Explorethesouthpoleof（heMoon.

C解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段第三句可知，嫦娥四号将在2019年底着陪在月

球AitkenBasin地区。据此可知，中国的下一步空间安排是嫦娥四号登月，故C项正确。

9.WhydidIndiatrytocarryoutitsfollow-onmissionalone?

A.Ilcouldn'（findapartner.

B.Itdidn'tgetthelanderasplanned.

C.TheRussiansrefusedtoworkwithIndia.

D.IlplannedtolaunchChandrayaan-2inadvance.

B解析：细微环节理解题。依据第四段第三句可知，由于俄罗斯没能给印度供应着陆

器，因此印度确定自己实施登月安排，故B项正确。

10.WhichcountryisinterestedinresourcesontheMoon?

A.Russia.B.China.

C.India.D.U.S.A.

A解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段其次句可知，当前俄罗斯正启动一项工程，其

思路是螯陆器将探究月球的南极，找寻矿物质和水冰等资源以供人类前哨站运用。故A项正

确。

11.Whatcanweknov/fromthetext?

A.RussiahasbuiltahumanoutpostontheMoon.

B.ChinawillbethefirsttoseethefarsideoftheMoon.

C.U.S.A,willsendacrcwcdcapsuletotheMooninthefuture.

D.HumanshavekeptactiveinexploringtheMoonsin2e1972.

C解析：推理推断题。依据第五段其次句可知，假如一切顺当，美国将于2023年发送

载人太空舱登月。据此可知，美国将在将来实施载人登月安排，故C项正确。

D

（2019•辽宁大诬双法测试）Formanypeople,beingonthejobmight

justsoundlikeapicniccomparedtoadayathomefilledwithhousework,

mealsandchildcare.Evenforthosewithahappyfamilylife,homecan

sometimesfeelmoretaxingthanwork.

Inanewstudy,researchersatPennStateUniversityfoundsignificantlyandconsistentlylower

levelsofcortisol（皮质醇）releasedinresponsetostress,inamajorityofsubjectswhenthey

wereatworkcomparedtowhentheywereathome.Thiswastrueforbothmenandwomen,and

parentsandpeoplewithoutchildren.

Bothmenandwomenshowedlessstressatwork.Butwomenweremorelikelytoreport

feelinghappierthere.Menweremorelikelytofeelhappierathome.Expertssaythereareother

reasonswhyworkislessstressfulthanhomeformany."Paidworkismorevaluedinsociety>v

saysSarahDamaske,theleadresearcheronthestudy.uHouseholdworkisboringandnot

particularlyrewarding.^^

Wcgetbetteratourjobwithtimeandtheincreasedcompetencemeanslessstressandmore

rewards.Yetnoneofus,nomatterhowlongwe'vebeendoingit,evertrulyfeelslikeanexpertat

parentingorevenatmarriage.

Thesupportandfriendshipofco-workersalsoofferstressrelief.Athome,meanwhile,stress

spreadsandaccumulatesquickly."That'sthereasonwhymosthousewiveswishtheywerethe

breadearners,nDr.Damaskesays.

Muchoftheadvicetofamiliesandcouplesincludesthewarningtoleaveworkstressatthe

officeandeventochangeourmindsetfromworktohome,forexample,awalkarour.dthe

block.Therecentfindings,though,suggestourhomelife,notourattitude,mightbedueforsome

change.

【解题导语】本文主要介绍了一项探讨，该探讨表明越来越多的人认为上班比在家做

家务、做饭和带孩子更轻松一些。

12.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"taxing”？

A.Stressful.B.Cheerful.

C.Worthwhile.D.Rewarding.

A解析：词义揣测题。依据第一段第一句可知，许多人认为与在家做家务、做饭和带

孩子相比，工作像野餐一样。言外之意，上班比在家轻松，在家比上班更有压力。故选A。

13.Whatdidtheresearchinthesecondparagraphprove?

A.Menfeltbetterathome.

B.Womenfelttheyhadlesstime.

C.Womenwereeasiertofeelhappier.

D.Mostpeoplefeltmorestressathome.

I)解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段内容可知，探讨发觉：比起在家里，大多数人

在工作的时候，面对压力，他们的皮质醇水平显著旦连续地降低。这项探讨证明大多数人

感觉在家更有压力。故选D。

14.Whatdomostpeoplethinkofworkattheoffice?

A.Iliscompetitive.

B.Itimprovesability.

C.Itcan,trelievestress.

D.Itdoesn'talwayspayoff.

B解析：细微环节理解题。依据第四段的第一句"Wegetbetteratourjobwithtimeandthe

increasedcompetence...rewards.“可知，随着时间的推移，大多数的人在工作中能提高实力。

故选Bo

15.Accordingto(herecentfindings,whatshouldwechangetosolvetheproblemmentioned?

A.Ourattitude.

B.Ourmindset.

C.Ourhomelife.

D.Ourworkingstyle.

C解析：细微环节理解题。依据最终一段的最终一句"Therecentfindings,though,suggest

ourhomelife,notourattitude,mightbedueforsomechange."可知，我们的家庭生活得以变更

才能解决问题。故选C。

H七选五

（2019•长沙中学毕业生供烟）It'seasytotalkyourselfoutofexercising.Evenwhenyouhave

thebestintentionstoworkout,excusesarcsoeasytofind—"I'mtootired"or"I'mbusy”

or“Theweatherisbad”.Don'tworry!1.

•Takebabysteps.Youwouldnevertrytorun10milesononeday,right?Whenyoudotoo

muchtoosoon,you'IIendupinjuredanddiscouraged.Takeiteasyasyougetstarted.Maybeyou

onlyrunaquarterofamileduringyourfirstweek.2.

•Showtheclockwhoisboss.Healthexpertssayyoushouldaimforatleast150minutesof

exerciseaweek,plusweighttrainingatleasttwiceaweek.Ifyouworktoolatetogettoagym,

keepasetofweightsathome.Ifyoucan'tdo30minutesatonce,breakitupinto10-or15-minute

sections.

•3.Yourworkoutshouldbejustasmuchahabitasbrushingyourteethoreating

breakfast.Whenit'spartofyourroutine,youwon'tevenIKIVCtothinkaboutit.Inafewmonths,

fitnesscanberegularinyourday.

,Keepitreal.You*renot