2025-2026学年广东省广州五中高三（上）段考英语试卷（12月份）

第1页（共1页）2025-2026学年广东省广州五中高三（上）段考英语试卷（12月份）第二部分阅读理解(共两节;满分37.5分)第一节(共4小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。（7.5分）Recommendationsregardingphysicalactivityfordifferenttargetgroups.Notethatadditionalhealtheffectscanbeachievedif，inadditiontotheserecommendations，theamountofphysicalactivityincreases，eitherbyincreasingtheintensityordurationoracombinationofboth.TargetGroupRecommendationsPurposeChildrenandyouthAge6﹣17yearsAtleast60minutesdailyphysicalactivityisrecommended.Longerisbetter.Thephysicalactivityshouldbeprimarilyofaerobic（有氧的）natureandtheintensitymoderate（easy/mediumpulseincrease）tohigh（markedpulseincrease）.Aerobicphysicalactivityathighintensityatleast3timesaweek.Muscle﹣strengtheningphysicalactivity3timesaweek.Weight﹣bearingactivity，suchasrunningandjumping，ispositiveforbonemineraldensity.Developmentofmusclesandskeletalandnervoussystem.Maintainahealthyweightandagoodmentalhealth.Socialdevelopment，integration，goodself﹣esteem，andself﹣confidence.Enhancedlearningability.TargetGroupRecommendationsPurposeAdultsAge18﹣64Theseadultsarerecommendedtobeaerobicallyphysicallyactiveatleast150minutesaweekatamoderateintensity（mediumpulseincrease），ormorethan75minutesperweekatvigorousintensity（markedpulseincrease）.Theactivitiesshouldbedistributedoveratleastthreeseparatedays.Muscle﹣strengtheningphysicalactivityatleasttwiceaweekshouldbeperformed.Improvementsinaerobicworkcapacityandmusclestrength.Lowerriskofdisease，suchasdisturbedmetabolism（新陈代谢）andcertaincancersandbonefractures.ElderlyAge＞64Samerecommendationsastheaboveadults.Musclestrengtheningexercisesshouldbeperformedatahighspeed，ifpossible.Balancetrainingshouldbeincorporatedpriortoaerobicandmusclestrengtheningtraining.Individualswithimpairedabilityshouldperformasmuchexerciseaspossible.Improvementsinaerobicworkcapacity，musclestrength，andbalance.Medicaladvicemayberequiredbeforestartinganexerciseprogram.Betterfunctionalhealthandindependence.1.Accordingtotheauthor，howcanwebenefitmorefromexercise？A.Byavoidingphysicalcontact.B.Bylengtheningthetimeofexercise.C.Bykeepingexerciseroutinesunchanged.D.Byseekingmedicaladvicebeforeworkout.2.Whichbenefitofexerciseisspecifictochildrenandyouth？A.Loweringriskofdisease.B.Strengtheningmuscles.C.Buildingself﹣confidence.D.Speedingmetabolism.3.Whatisrecommendedforadults'aerobicexercise？A.Performingitcontinuouslywithoutbreaks.B.Exercisingatleastthreedaysperweek.C.Keepingthesameintensityallweek.D.Doingbalancetrainingbeforehand.（10分）Atnineyearsold，Ididn'trealizehowextraordinaryitwasformeandmygrandmothertotravelfromourBlackneighborhoodtothemainlywhiteRevereBeach.WhileBlackfamiliesstayedtogetherinonesection，rarelyventuringoutalone，mygrandmotherstoodout—confidentandathleticwhileswimming，unliketheotherwomenworriedabouttheirhairorsuits.Shewouldcarrymeonherbackintotheocean，movingsteadilyalongthetide.Ifollowedmygrandmother'sstrongmotions，thrilledbythewildseaandherfearlessness.Iadmiredhowsheseemedborntothewater，emerginglikeaqueen—proud，radiant，andbenevolent.SummermadeourBlackbodiesmorevisibleandvulnerableagainstnarrowculturalideals，butmygrandmothernevernoticed.Shefocusedonteachingmetoswim—askillthatseemedunnecessarytosome，asthepopularmedianeverportrayedthe"greatoutdoors"asawelcomingplaceforBlackpeople.Itwasseenasaspacewherewemightfeeluncomfortableoreventhreatened.Buttome，thoseperceptionsdidn'tmatter.WhenIfinallylearnedtoswim，itfeltlikeIhadunlockedaprofoundandpersonalsecretofstrengthandfreedom.IoncewonderedwhyenslavedAfricansdidn'tjumpfromshipsnearshoreandswimtofreedom.LaterIlearnedthatmostcoastalwatersinWestAfricawerefilledwithpoisonousfish，makingswimminguncommonanddangerous.Now，wheneverIentertheocean，Iremembermyancestorsforwhomtheseawasaplaceofterrorratherthanfreedom.Onlyaftermygrandmother'sdeathdidIlearnshewasn'tastrongswimmerherself.Shehadbeenbrushingtheoceanfloorwithherfeetallalong，keepingusafloatwhileteachingmerhythmandtrust.Herquietdeceptionwasnotaliebutaprofoundactofbraveryandcourage.Thoughshehadn'tmastereditherself，mygrandmotherwasdeterminedtoteachmetoswim—notforthestrokes，butforthestrengthandself﹣beliefthatwouldkeepmeafloatinlife.4.Howwasthegrandmotherdifferentfromotherwomenatthebeach？A.ShestayedwithBlackfamiliesonly.B.Sheavoidedgettingherhairandsuitswet.C.Sheseemedtoswimwitheaseandstrength.D.Shestoodoutsideoftheswimmingsection.5.WhatdoestheauthorrealizeaboutAfricanslaves？A.Theywerepoisonousbyseacreatures.B.Theydidn'tenjoyoutdooractivities.C.Theyrarelyswamduetonaturaldangers.D.Theycouldhaveeasilyescapedbyswimming.6.Whydidthegrandmotherteachtheauthortoswim？A.Tochallengeherlimits.B.Tobuildherconfidence.C.Toprepareherfordangersatsea.D.ToproveBlackpeoplecouldswim.7.Whichtitlebestsuitsthepassage？A.OvercomingFearsatRevereBeachB.ASummerThatChangedMyChildhoodC.BreakingSelf﹣DoubtandCulturalBiasD.Grandmother'sEmpoweringLessons（10分）Addinglegstorobotsthathaveminimalawarenessoftheenvironmentaroundthemcanhelptherobotsoperatemoreeffectivelyindifficultenvironment，mycolleaguesandIfound.WewereinspiredbyClaudeShannon'scommunicationtheory，whichshowedthatrepeatedinformationcanensurereliabilitywhensendingmessagesthroughnoisycommunicationchannels.Wewonderedifthesameprinciplecouldhelpmovegoodsviarobot.Thatis，ifwewanttotransportgoodsover"noisy"environment，sayfallentreesandlargerocks，inareasonableamountoftime，couldwedoitbyjustaddinglegstotherobotanddosowithoutexpensivesensorsandcameras？Ourideawastoforgetaboutsensingaltogetherandreplaceitwiththesimpleactoftakingrepeatedsteps.Ouranalysissuggestedthiscouldprovidereliableandpredictablemovement.Totestourhypothesis，webuiltrobotsinspiredbycentipedes（蜈蚣）andgraduallyincreasedtheirlegsfromsixtosixteen.Themorelegsweadded，thebettertherobotsmovedoverunevensurfaces.Wethentriedoutdoortestsonrealground.Evenwithoutsensors，themany﹣leggedrobotsshowedimpressiveflexibility.Thisgivesthempotentialusesinagriculture，spaceexploration，andsearch﹣and﹣rescuework.Transportinggoodsisessentialtomodernsociety.Otherresearchersarebuildingincreasinglyintelligenthumanoidrobots.Butsuchmachinesdependheavilyonaccuratesensorstoknowwheretheyareandwhatliesahead，limitingtheminunpredictableenvironments.Insearch﹣and﹣rescueoperations，forexample，sensorscanbedamagedandsurroundingscanchangesuddenly.Wehavealreadyappliedourfindingstothefieldofcropfarmingbyfoundingacompanythatusestheserobotstoefficientlyweedfarmland.Aswecontinuetoadvancethistechnology，wearefocusedonrefiningtherobot'sdesignandfunctionality.Theteam'snextstepistodeterminetheidealnumberoflegstobalancetheperformanceandcost.Sofar，weknowthattwelvelegsaretheminimumforeffectivemovementwithoutsensing，butwearestillexploringtheperfectnumber.Ourworkshowsthatdealingwithdifficultenvironmentcanbeassimpleastakingitonestepatatime—providedyouhaveenoughlegs.Byfocusingonmotionratherthanhigh﹣techsensing，wemayopenthedoortorobotsthatcangowhereotherscannot.8.Whatledtheteamtotheirrobotdesign？A.More﹣is﹣bettercommunicationtheory.B.Repetitioninhumanoidrobotstests.C.Roadsandtracksforeasiertransport.D.Strongermotorsforroughsurface.9.Whatadvantagedomany﹣leggedrobotshaveoverhumanoidrobots？A.Theycancarryheavierloads.B.Theytakelesstimetoproduce.C.Theyarereliableevenwithoutsensors.D.Theymovestablyonunevensurfaces.10.Whatisthenextgoaloftheauthorandhisteam？A.Reducetherobot'slegsforbetterperformance.B.Testtherobotwithmorefarmingcompanies.C.Adapttherobotforspaceexploration.D.Improvetherobot'sdesigntoboostefficiency.11.Whatideadoestheauthorsuggestinthelastparagraph？A.Robotswithlegscanhandleallsituations.B.Biologicalinspirationiskeytorobotdesign.C.Progressreliesonrethinkingbasicprinciples.D.Simplicitycantacklecomplexproblems.（10分）Thecommonfearthatafriendsecretlydislikesusoftenreflectsinternalinsecuritiesratherthanactualillwill.Peoplefrequentlyinterpretneutralorunclearbehaviors—suchasbrieftextrepliesordelayedresponses—assignsofrejection.Evenwell﹣meaningwordsofcomfortlike"noworries"maybeperceivedasmockingorinsincere.Thistendencycanbeexplainedthroughwhatisknownasthefawnresponse，abehavioralpatternlessrecognizedthanthe"fightorflight"reaction.Thefawnresponseinvolvesattemptstopleaseothersinordertofeelsafe，astrategyoftendevelopedinchildhoodwhenfacingcriticaloremotionallyneglectfulparents，oranunstablehomeenvironment.Whilethisstrategymayeaseconflicttemporarily，itcanalsoleadtoahabitualcycleofapproval﹣seeking.Wemightintellectuallyunderstandthatafriendisn'tupsetwithus—butthose"oldwaysofbeing"bitehard.Somethingwaslearnedearlyon："Ineedtotryharderanddomoretobeloved."Thispatternhasseveralconsequences.Onthepersonallevel，itfuelsanxiety，asindividualsrepeatedlyquestionwhethertheyhaveoffendedtheirpeers.Ontheinterpersonallevel，itcanstrainrelationships，sinceconstantdemandsforreassurancemayfrustratefriendsandevencreatetheveryrejectionthatwasworriedabout.Inthisway，assumingeveryoneisannoyedwithyoucanbecomeaself﹣fulfillingprophecy.Thekeyisunderstandingthatitisnottheendoftheworld—orafriendship.Conflictisnotonlyunavoidable；itcanevenbehealing，demonstratingthatintimacycansurvivedifference.Learningtotoleratediscomfort，ratherthanavoidingitatallcosts，canfosterbothtoughnessandcloseness.Socialmedia，unfortunately，worsenssocialanxiety.Theabsenceofnonverbalcuesmakesiteasytomisinterprettone，whiletheconstantvisibilityofonlineinteractionscanintensifyfeelingsofexclusionorneglect.Managingtheseanxietiesrequiresconsciouseffort.Insteadofseekingimmediatereassurance，individualscanpausetoask：AmItrulybeingrejected，oramIsimplyanxious？Developingtoleranceforuncertaintycaninterruptthecycleandreducedependenceonothers'approval.Trustalsoplaysarole.Whenfriendssaytheyaresimplybusyordistracted，accepttheirwordsatfacevalue.Afterall，noquestionormagicphrasecancontrolanotherperson'sperception.Evenifitcould，youmightberobbingyourselfofopportunitiestogrow，learnordeepenabond.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefawnresponse？A.Itreflectsthebeliefthatapprovalrequireseffort.B.Itisareactionaimedatavoidingdanger.C.Itisacycleofseekingconstantapproval.D.Italwayspreventsconflictfromoccurring.13.Whatdoes"aself﹣fulfillingprophecy"inparagraph3mean？A.Apatternthattriestoentertainothers.B.Anoutcomethathappensasfeared.C.Apredictionthatiscertaintofail.D.Abeliefthatoneisself﹣made.14.Accordingtotheauthor，conflictinarelationshipcanbe.A.asignofagrowingdisagreementB.achancetostrengthenafriendshipC.aproblemthatshouldbeavoidedD.awaytotestitstoughness15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout？A.Wherefriendshipproblemslie.B.Whymagicwordsfailtodowonders.C.Howtohandleanxietycausedbysocialmedia.D.Whatleadspeopletoseekconstantreassurance.第二节(共1小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)（12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ASongforLove—AnApewithanAppTwowildapeshaveaprofessorandapopstartoactashigh﹣techmatchmakers（红娘）!16Ouryoungwould﹣beloversareSkywalkerGibbons（天行者长臂猿），anewapespeciesannouncedin2017.WithonlyahandfulleftintheGaoligongMountainsontheChina﹣Myanmarborder，everycouplematters.Singingiscentraltoagibbon'slife，andtheircallscantravelformiles.Deepinthejungle，alonefemalesingseachmorning，inthehopeofwinningalife﹣longpartner.Asinglemalelivestwentymilesaway—buttheycan'tfindeachotheroverthelongdistance.17Withouthelp，theymayneverfindeachother.Thathelpcomesfromanunlikelyduo：BeijingpopstarXingyuLeeandProfessorFan，leaderoftheresearchteamonSkywalkerGibbons.Theyhavedesignedandbuiltasystemofmicrophonesandspeakersthatlinktwolocationsacrossthejungle.18Inhumanterms，theyhaveaneffectivedatingapp—andithasthegibbonscientistsoftheworldbuzzing.ProfessorFanisdeterminedtomakeanall﹣wildmatch.19Theyduet（二重唱），andasonegibbonsearchesfortheother，drawnbythesongs，FanandLeemovethespeakers，andguidethegibbonsthroughthejunglemazeuntiltheyarewithinnaturalearshot.20Thelandscapeissteep，andtheequipmentmustbemovedagainandagaintoguidethesingerscloser.ScientistslikeFanworkswithlocalvillagers，evenpoachersandcityengineerstokeepthesystemrunninginthewild.Theprojectbecomesararepartnershipbetweenpeoplewhooncelivedofftheforestandthosewhonowseektosaveit.Thankstoadatingappandawildlovesongdownthetelephone，thetwoSkywalkerGibbonsarenowabouttomeet—amatchthatcoulddeterminethefutureofaspecies.A.Still，manychallengesremain.B.Forthefirsttime，wildgibbonscansingtogether.C.ProfessorFanhasspentmanyyearsstudyingrareapes.D.Inafirstattempt，heconnectsawildpairbytelephone.E.It'sacrisisforararespecies，andcallsforanimmediatesolution.F.Despitethechallenges，villagersandengineersworkhandinhand.G.Thestoryisasdramaticasanyoperaandmaydecidethefutureofaspecies.第三部分语言运用(共两节;满分15分)第一节(共1小题;每小题15分，满分15分)（15分）阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Itwasalittleafterthemorningrushhour.Suddenly，inthemiddleofthebusieststreetinHarar，atowninEthiopia，loudcarhonks（喇叭声）andscreamsofpassersby21theair.Awomanhadunconsciouslywalkedintooncoming22.Shockedbyheractions，thepolicenearbyrantoherrescue.Samiya，themotherofthreeyoungchildren，waspulledoutofthewayand23facednosevereinjuries.Astherealityofthesituationbeganto24her，Samiyasatbytheroadsideintears，strugglingtorespondtothequestiononeveryone'smind："Why？"Theanswertothatquestionlayinthedaysbeforethatmorning.ItwasChristmasDay，andwhileotherswerecelebratingtheholidaywith25，Samiyasatandwatchedasherthreechildrenatethe26ofthefoodtheyhadinthehouse.Samiyasatsilently，anxiousabouthowtoprovidetheirnextmeal.Dinnertimecamequickly，andthechildrensilentlyfilledtheirstomachswith27andwenttosleep.Theyneveraskedforfoodandneverutteredawordof28."Thefactthattheydidn't29askmeforfoodbrokemyheartmorethanthattherewasnothingIcouldgivethemfordinner，"saidSamiya."Mylastborneventoldmehisstomachwasstill30fromthefoodhehadinthemorning."Heartbrokenbut31tochangeherfamily'ssituation，Samiyaandherchildrenwenttobedhungry.Thenextday，Samiyawasupearlytoreturntoher32atthelocalmarketsellingherballeavesshehadcollectedearlier.However，thatday33tobeworsethanever；shesoldnothingandearnednothing.Herchildrenwenttobedwithonlywaterintheirstomachsyetagain."Whattorturedmethemostwasmychildren's34.Iwishedtheywouldcomplain，cryorevengototheneighbourstoaskforfood，"saidSamiya.Fortunately，herstoryreachedthepublic，andthedonationsindifferentformsprovidedawayoutofher35situationwithoutitendingintragedy.21.A.refreshedB.filledC.frozeD.polluted22.A.stormB.crowdC.trafficD.attack23.A.worryinglyB.satisfyinglyC.remarkablyD.disappointingly24.A.dawnonB.accountforC.stickwithD.appealto25.A.travellingB.shoppingC.gatheringD.feasting26.A.bestB.lastC.plainestD.least27.A.milkB.breadC.waterD.potato28.A.warningB.complaintC.adviceD.apology29.A.stillB.quiteC.reallyD.even30.A.fullB.painfulC.emptyD.upset31.A.embarrassedB.gratefulC.helplessD.curious32.A.standB.trainingC.studyD.table33.A.stoppedB.provedC.tendedD.promised34.A.braveryB.innocenceC.generosityD.silence35.A.promisingB.sensitiveC.desperateD.expected第二节(共1小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)（15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Some4，000yearsago，theLiangzhuculture，knownforitssophisticatedcityofcanals36（call）"China'sVeniceoftheStoneAge，"suddenlydisappeared.Historiansdebatedwhetherwar，disease，orstarvationcauseditscollapse，butrecentresearchpointstoclimatechange37akeyfactor.LocatedneartheEastChinaSea，Liangzhu38（be）hometoanadvancedStoneAgecivilizationforabout1，000years，supportinganactiveagriculturalsystemthroughitscanals.LiangzhuCitywaslistedas39UNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2019.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofInnsbruckhadlongsoughttoexplain40Liangzhuwasabandoned，andthediscoveryofathinlayerofclayontheruinssuggestedapossibleconnectionbetweentheendsoftheadvancedcivilization41floodsoftheYangtzeRiverorfloodsfromtheEastChinaSea.However，noclearconclusionsonthecausewerepossiblefromthemudlayer42（it）.Abreakthroughcamewhenscientistsstudiedstalagmites（石笋）fromtwonearbyunderwatercaves.AsDr.PeterDockrillreportedforScienceAlert，theirteamdiscoveredchemicalsignaturesfromabout4，300yearsagothatshowedextremelyhighrainfall，43（probable）causedbythe44（warm）ofoceanwatersinthePacific—aneventknownastheElNiño（厄尔尼诺）.ThestudynotesthatwetconditionslastedforseveralhundredyearsfollowingthecollapseofLiangzhu，eventuallypavingthewayfortheriseoftheXiadynastyin2070B.C.E.Itscelebrated45（found），YutheGreat，introducedmoreextensiveflood﹣controlmethodsandisknownasthe"TameroftheFlood."第四部分写作(共两节;满分15分)第一节(满分15分)46．（15分）假定你是校英文报记者，拟报道学校刚组织的秋季自然观察研学，内容包括：1.活动的时间、地点；2.活动内容；3.活动意义。注意：1.写作词数应为100个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ExploringNatureinAutumn____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47．（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Witheverystep，mylegstrembledlikeloosesprings.Thecoldbitthroughmylayersofclothing，andthewindwhistledstrangelyacrossthesteep，rockyfaceofthemountain.Negativethoughtscrowdedmymind，echoingwitheverylaboredbreath：You'retoofat，toounfit—afoolforeventryingthis.Theweightoftheclimbfeltlessphysicalthanemotional，asthougheachdoubtwereanotherstoneinmypack.Anhourintotheclimb，Iwasfinished—physicallybroken，mentallydefeated.ItoldSarah，oneoftheorganizers，thatIneededtoturnback.Herresponsestuckwithme："Thatdoesn'tsoundlikethemanwhofinishedtheMarathon.Keepgoing.Youcandoit."Thosewordsdidsomethingmagic.AndsoIcontinued，placingoneheavyfootslowlyinfrontoftheother，myworldnarrowedtothenextstep，andthenext.By2a.m.，sittingonacoldrockwithsweatfreezingbeneathmyclothes，IfeltIhadbittenoffmorethanIcouldchew—thismountainwastoomuchforme.Angerbegantobuild—anoldcompanion，butthistimeIchanneleditintodetermination.Istoodupandtoldmyguide，"Let'sgo."Henodded，thensilentlyhandedmeasmallbottleofhotwater—thefirstrealgestureofwarmthhehadofferedbeyondhisnecessaryinstructionssincewestarted.Thenthetearscame.Icrieduncontrollably，hidingmyfreezingfaceundermyhat.Forhours，Iclimbedmechanicallyoversnow﹣coveredrocks，complainingaboutthepain，laughingathowridiculousitallwas，fallingmorethanonce，butalwaysrepeatingtomyself：Justonemorestep.Youstillhaveachance.Andthen，throughthewind，Icaughtaglimpseofdistantglaciers（冰川），theiredgesglowingfaintlyeveninthedeepdark，asilentpromisethatthesunrisewasonitsway.注意：（1）续写词数应为150左右；（2）请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Twohoursfromthetop，Imetclimbersheadingdown._____Atthetop，asIstruggledwithmycameraforaphoto，myguideheldouthishand._____

2025-2026学年广东省广州五中高三（上）段考英语试卷（12月份）参考答案与试题解析第二部分阅读理解(共两节;满分37.5分)第一节(共4小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。（7.5分）Recommendationsregardingphysicalactivityfordifferenttargetgroups.Notethatadditionalhealtheffectscanbeachievedif，inadditiontotheserecommendations，theamountofphysicalactivityincreases，eitherbyincreasingtheintensityordurationoracombinationofboth.TargetGroupRecommendationsPurposeChildrenandyouthAge6﹣17yearsAtleast60minutesdailyphysicalactivityisrecommended.Longerisbetter.Thephysicalactivityshouldbeprimarilyofaerobic（有氧的）natureandtheintensitymoderate（easy/mediumpulseincrease）tohigh（markedpulseincrease）.Aerobicphysicalactivityathighintensityatleast3timesaweek.Muscle﹣strengtheningphysicalactivity3timesaweek.Weight﹣bearingactivity，suchasrunningandjumping，ispositiveforbonemineraldensity.Developmentofmusclesandskeletalandnervoussystem.Maintainahealthyweightandagoodmentalhealth.Socialdevelopment，integration，goodself﹣esteem，andself﹣confidence.Enhancedlearningability.TargetGroupRecommendationsPurposeAdultsAge18﹣64Theseadultsarerecommendedtobeaerobicallyphysicallyactiveatleast150minutesaweekatamoderateintensity（mediumpulseincrease），ormorethan75minutesperweekatvigorousintensity（markedpulseincrease）.Theactivitiesshouldbedistributedoveratleastthreeseparatedays.Muscle﹣strengtheningphysicalactivityatleasttwiceaweekshouldbeperformed.Improvementsinaerobicworkcapacityandmusclestrength.Lowerriskofdisease，suchasdisturbedmetabolism（新陈代谢）andcertaincancersandbonefractures.ElderlyAge＞64Samerecommendationsastheaboveadults.Musclestrengtheningexercisesshouldbeperformedatahighspeed，ifpossible.Balancetrainingshouldbeincorporatedpriortoaerobicandmusclestrengtheningtraining.Individualswithimpairedabilityshouldperformasmuchexerciseaspossible.Improvementsinaerobicworkcapacity，musclestrength，andbalance.Medicaladvicemayberequiredbeforestartinganexerciseprogram.Betterfunctionalhealthandindependence.1.Accordingtotheauthor，howcanwebenefitmorefromexercise？BA.Byavoidingphysicalcontact.B.Bylengtheningthetimeofexercise.C.Bykeepingexerciseroutinesunchanged.D.Byseekingmedicaladvicebeforeworkout.2.Whichbenefitofexerciseisspecifictochildrenandyouth？CA.Loweringriskofdisease.B.Strengtheningmuscles.C.Buildingself﹣confidence.D.Speedingmetabolism.3.Whatisrecommendedforadults'aerobicexercise？BA.Performingitcontinuouslywithoutbreaks.B.Exercisingatleastthreedaysperweek.C.Keepingthesameintensityallweek.D.Doingbalancetrainingbeforehand.【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Notethatadditionalhealtheffectscanbeachievedif，inadditiontotheserecommendations，theamountofphysicalactivityincreases，eitherbyincreasingtheintensityordurationoracombinationofboth（请注意，除了这些建议外，如果通过增加强度或持续时间或两者结合来增加身体活动的量，就可以获得额外的健康效果）可知，通过增加持续的时间，我们可以从锻炼中获得更多益处。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据表格里ChildrenandyouthAge6﹣17years和Purpose的交叉部分Socialdevelopment（社会发展），integration（融入），goodself﹣esteem（良好的自尊），self﹣confidence（自信），并且对比其他表格的内容可知，建立自信是儿童和青少年特有的锻炼益处。故选C。（3）细节理解题。根据AdultsAge18﹣64和Recommendations的交叉部分Theactivitiesshouldbedistributedoveratleastthreeseparatedays（这些活动应该至少在三天内分开进行）可知，成年人被建议每周至少锻炼三天。故选B。（10分）Atnineyearsold，Ididn'trealizehowextraordinaryitwasformeandmygrandmothertotravelfromourBlackneighborhoodtothemainlywhiteRevereBeach.WhileBlackfamiliesstayedtogetherinonesection，rarelyventuringoutalone，mygrandmotherstoodout—confidentandathleticwhileswimming，unliketheotherwomenworriedabouttheirhairorsuits.Shewouldcarrymeonherbackintotheocean，movingsteadilyalongthetide.Ifollowedmygrandmother'sstrongmotions，thrilledbythewildseaandherfearlessness.Iadmiredhowsheseemedborntothewater，emerginglikeaqueen—proud，radiant，andbenevolent.SummermadeourBlackbodiesmorevisibleandvulnerableagainstnarrowculturalideals，butmygrandmothernevernoticed.Shefocusedonteachingmetoswim—askillthatseemedunnecessarytosome，asthepopularmedianeverportrayedthe"greatoutdoors"asawelcomingplaceforBlackpeople.Itwasseenasaspacewherewemightfeeluncomfortableoreventhreatened.Buttome，thoseperceptionsdidn'tmatter.WhenIfinallylearnedtoswim，itfeltlikeIhadunlockedaprofoundandpersonalsecretofstrengthandfreedom.IoncewonderedwhyenslavedAfricansdidn'tjumpfromshipsnearshoreandswimtofreedom.LaterIlearnedthatmostcoastalwatersinWestAfricawerefilledwithpoisonousfish，makingswimminguncommonanddangerous.Now，wheneverIentertheocean，Iremembermyancestorsforwhomtheseawasaplaceofterrorratherthanfreedom.Onlyaftermygrandmother'sdeathdidIlearnshewasn'tastrongswimmerherself.Shehadbeenbrushingtheoceanfloorwithherfeetallalong，keepingusafloatwhileteachingmerhythmandtrust.Herquietdeceptionwasnotaliebutaprofoundactofbraveryandcourage.Thoughshehadn'tmastereditherself，mygrandmotherwasdeterminedtoteachmetoswim—notforthestrokes，butforthestrengthandself﹣beliefthatwouldkeepmeafloatinlife.4.Howwasthegrandmotherdifferentfromotherwomenatthebeach？CA.ShestayedwithBlackfamiliesonly.B.Sheavoidedgettingherhairandsuitswet.C.Sheseemedtoswimwitheaseandstrength.D.Shestoodoutsideoftheswimmingsection.5.WhatdoestheauthorrealizeaboutAfricanslaves？CA.Theywerepoisonousbyseacreatures.B.Theydidn'tenjoyoutdooractivities.C.Theyrarelyswamduetonaturaldangers.D.Theycouldhaveeasilyescapedbyswimming.6.Whydidthegrandmotherteachtheauthortoswim？BA.Tochallengeherlimits.B.Tobuildherconfidence.C.Toprepare