三年（2023-2025）湖南中考英语真题分类汇编：专题02 说明文、议论文阅读（原卷版）

专题02说明文&议论文阅读（2025·湖南）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。Whatareinsects(昆虫)likeinyoureyes?Haveyouevernoticedthem?Insectsareveryinterestinganimals.Theymaybesmall,buttheyaresmartandhard-working.Scientistshavestudieddifferentkindsofinsectsveryclosely.Accordingtotheirstudies,eventhesmallestinsectshavetoolstohelpdotheirwork.Haveyoueverseenalittleflycalledasawfly?Itgetssuchanamebecauseithasasaw(锯子)thatisusedonplantstocreateasafespaceforitseggs.Afterlayingitseggs,thesawflymakessomeglue.Thegluefixestheeggstowheretheyarelaid.Anotherinsectthathasitsownnaturaltoolisthepoppybee(蜂).Thebeesliveinwood.Likepeoplewhomakethingsoutofwood,poppybeesusespecialtoolstodignests(巢穴)outofwood.Theydigandcleanoutthenesttomakeitreadyforuse.Whenallisready,poppybeescatoutpiecesofleavesintheshapeofanest.Theythenjointhepiecestogetherandputthemintothenest.Antsarealsoknownfortheircleveruseofnaturaltools.Forexample,theydroppiecesofleavesintowatersothattheytakeinthewater.Thentheantscarrythembacktotheirnests.Therearemoreinsectsthananyotherlivingthingsintheworld.Everyinsectisspecial.Themoreyounoticethem,themoretheywillsurpriseyou.1.Howdoesthewriterstartthetopic?A.Byaskingquestions. B.Bylistingnumbers. C.Bymakingcomparisons.2.Whatcanweknowaboutpoppybeesfromparagraph3?A.Theycleantheirnestswithbigleaves.B.Theypotpiecesofleavesaroundnests.C.Theydignestsbeforecuttingoutleaves.3.Whichofthefollowinguseleavestotakeinwateraccordingtothetext?A.Sawflies. B.Poppybees. C.Ants.4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.InsectsandTools B.AnimalsandEggs C.PlantsandLeaves（2025长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。Onemorning,Istoppedatmyfavoriterestauranttogetsomethingtoeatandgotcomfortableatasmalltable.Shortlyafter,Inoticedfouryoungpeoplesittingatatablenearme.Aftersimplygreetingeachotherandordering,theyalllookedattheirphonesandcontinuedtodosountiltheirordersarrived.Afterphotographingtheirfood,theyate,continuingtolookattheirphones.Iwaswonderingwhytheycameheretoeattogether.Theywerephubbing,orphonesnubbing(冷落),averycommonproblemthesedays.Youmaynotknowtheword“phubbing”,butthiskindofactisnotstrangetoyou.Infact,32%ofpeoplereportthattheyarephubbedtwoorthreetimesaday.Doyouhaveaconversationonyourphonewhiletalkingtoanotherpersonfacetoface?Doyouscroll(上下滑动)throughyourphonewhileeatingwithsomeoneforfearofmissingout?Ifyouranswerisyestoeitherofthem,youmightbea“phubber”.ThewriterofThePsychologyofPhubbingdidasurveyandfoundthattheinfluenceofphubbingonrelationshipscanbeveryharmfulordestructive.Forexample,childrenfeltthatparentswhophubbedthemdidn’tcareaboutthem.Thisledtoafeelingofbeingleftout.Also,partnerswhowerephubbedmightbelesssatisfiedwiththerelationshipbecauseofjealousy(嫉妒)andworries.Phubbingisalearnedact,sounlearningitispossible.Startbyacceptingtheproblem.Setatimelimit(限制)fornotusingyourphone.Createareaswherephonesareoff-limits.Don’tletthemoderntechnologywhichisdesigned(设计)tobringpeopletogetherseparateyoufromothers.5.Whatdidthefouryoungpeoplekeepdoingbeforetheirordersarrived?A.Greetingeachother. B.Lookingattheirphones. C.Photographingtheirfood.6.Howdoesthewriterintroducetheword“phubber”inParagraph3?A.Byraisingquestions. B.Bylistingnumbers. C.Bygivingreasons.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“destructive”inParagraph4mean?A.微乎其微的 B.积极正向的 C.有破坏性的8.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Towarnpeopleagainstphubbing.B.Toshowhowphonesbringpeoplecloser.C.Topresenttheadvantagesofmoderntechnology.（2025长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。IusedtoteachEnglishasavolunteerinAfrica.Someofmyfriendsaskedme,“Don’tyoumissyourhome,Emily?”ItoldthemIwastheonlychildinmyfamilyandItrulyhadaneasylifeathome.However,Igotboredofhavinga“good”timeathomeandneededachange.ThekidsfromAfricawereeager(渴望的)tolearnandeasytoteach.Iwassurprisedathowsmarttheywere.Talkingwiththemmademethinkalot.Whenyoucomefromapoorarea,youmustgrowupfastanddealwithallkindsofdifficultsituations.VolunteeringhasalwaysbeeneasyformebecauseIdon’tliketodothesamethingseveryday.MyjobalsogivesmethefreedomtochoosewhenandwhereIwork.AlthoughIdon’tgetpaidforvolunteering,I’moldenoughtoknowthatmoneyisnottheonlywaytogetrewarded(回报).Theexperienceitselfispriceless.Imakelotsofconnectionswithgoodpeople.Also,whenIvolunteer,IoftenworkwithpeoplewhoareworseoffthanIam.ThathastaughtmetopracticethankfulnessforwhatIhave.Believeme,thislifelessonisworthamilliondollars.Iamnotaperfectperson.Inasense,IthinkI’mselfish(自私的).Butyoudon’thavetobeaperfect,selflesspersontovolunteer.Infact,Ihavebenefited(受益)alotfromvolunteering.Volunteeringhelpsothers,anditcanalsohelpyourself,too.Thebiggestbenefitofvolunteeringisthatithelpsyoudevelopyourcharacter(品质),andthat’sthepassporttoarichandmeaningfullife.9.WhydidEmilyvolunteerinAfrica?A.Shelivedareallydifficultlifeathome.B.Shehopedtolearnanewlanguagethere.C.Shewantedtoexperiencesomethingnew.10.HowweretheAfricankidsinEmily’seyesinParagraph2?A.Quiteteachable. B.Hardtodealwith. C.Boredoflearning.11.WhatdoesEmilygetfromhervolunteeringexperience?A.Thefreedomtochooseawell-paidjob.B.Thechancetoconnectwithgoodpeoplealot.C.Theabilitytoexpressthanksforwhatshehaslost.12.WhichofthefollowingwouldEmilymostprobablyagreewith?A.Useitorloseit. B.Oldhabitsdiehard. C.Givingisreceiving.（2024·湖南）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。Headphonesarehelpful.Manykidsusethem.Butheadphonescanbeharmful,too.Theycancausehearinglossifthevalue（音量）istooloud.StudiesshowthatoneoutofeverytenkidsintheUnitedStateshassomehearingloss.Thecauseisloudnoise.Doyouknowhowwehear?Therearecells（细胞）insidetheearsthathelpushear.Wecan'tseethemwithoureyes."Wecallthemhaircell,"JackieClarksaid."Theylooklikehairsstandingup."ClarkisascientistattheUniversityofTexas.Shestudiesnoisesandears.Soundcannotbeseen,butilcanmakethehaircellsmovebackandforward.Thinkofthewindintheleaves.Loudnoisescandamage（损伤）thesecells.Andoncethecellsaredamaged，theydon'tgrowback.Sometimes,there'stinnitus."It'slikesomeoneisplayinganoteontheflute（长笛）foralongtime."Clarksays.Itshowswe'relosinghearing.Tinnitusisnotonlyharmfultoourears,alsoitcanmakeusfeeluneasy.That'swhyit'snecessarytoprotectourears.Howcanweprotectourears?We'dbetterkeepthevolumelowwhenweuseourheadphones.Weshouldbeabletohearsoundsaroundus.Andotherpeopleshouldn'thearnoisefromourheadphones."IfIcanhearwhatyou'relisteningtowhenyou'rewearingyourheadphones,"Clarksays,"It'stooloud."Toprotectourears,keepourheadphonesatabouthalfvolume.13．Whatcanweknowabouthaircells?A．Theyhelpushear.B．Theylooklikehairslyingdown.C．Theycanbeseenclearlywithoureyes.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tinnitus"meaninparagraph3A．Amusicalvoice.B．Akindofinstrument.C．Ringinginears.15．What'sthemainpurposeofthelastparagraph?A．Togiveadvice.B．Toshowproblems.C．Toexplainreasons.16．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Beforelisteningtomusic,chooseagoodheadphone.B．Whenusingaheadphone,keepthevolumelow.C．Afterusingaheadphone,checkyourcars.（2024·湖南）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。Wouldyoubeabletosleepwithoneeyeopen?Bottlenosedolphins（宽吻海豚）can.Whentheysleep,onlyhalfoftheirbraingoestosleep.Theysleepwithoneeyeopentostaysafe.HalfoftheirbrainsleepsforabouttwohoursbeforetheotherhalfoftheirbraingetsaChancetosleep.Sometimes,thedolphinswillkeepswimmingwhiletheyaresleeping.Dolphinsarenotfish-theyaremammals（哺乳动物）.Thesemammalshavelungs（肺）.Andtheydon'thavegull（腮）likefish.Theyarealsowarm-bloodedandhavetogotothesurfaceofthewaterlogetairintotheirlungs.Dolphinsdon'tlayeggsTheiryoungarebornalive,andtheydrinkmilkfromtheirmothers.Dolphinsareoneofthesmartestanimalsintheworld.Therearemanystoriesabouthowtheysavepeopleoutofwater.Theyareabletosolvemanyproblemslikehumans.Theycanevenusetoolstocatchfish.Buttheirclevernessdoesn'tendthere.Dolphinscanalsopassonanythingtheylearntootherdolphins,likeinterestingfishingskills.Theycommunicatewitheachotherinmanyways.Theyusedifferentsoundstotalktoeachother.Dolphinsknowthe"voices"ofotherdolphinsandevenknowexactlywhoismakingwhichsound.Anotherthingthatshowstheirclevernessisthattheycanalsoknowthemselvesinamirror（镜子）andcheckdifferentpartsoftheirbodyinit.17．Whydobottlenosedolphinssleepwithoneeyeopen?A．Tostaysafe.B．Tosleepfortwohours.C．Toswimfaster.18．Whatcanwelearnaboutdolphinsfromparagraph2?A．Theyusegillstogetair.B．Theyarewarm-blooded.C．Theylayeggslikefish.19．Howdodolphinstalktoeachother?A．Bylearningfishingskills.B．Byusingdifferentsounds.C．Bycheckingtheirbodies.20．Whichpartofamagazinemaythepassagebetakenfrom?A．Art. B．Health. C．Nature.（2024·长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。TheFourSeasons,writtenbytheItalianmusicianAntonioVivaldi,wasfirstplayedabout300yearsago.Sincethen,ithasenjoyedworldwidepopularity.Thegreatmusicalworkincludesfourparts:"Spring","Summer","Autumn"and‘‘Winter".Eachpartbringstomindtheseasonitismeanttodescribe."Summer",forexample,beginsslowly.Listenerscaneasilypictureahot,lazysummerdaywhennobodywantstomove.Whenyoulistento"Autumn",aharvest(收获)celebrationwillreadilycometomind.Butnow,HacheCosta,amusicdirectorinSpain,hasdecidedtogivetheoldworkafreshfeel.Hesaystheclimate(气候)todayisverydifferentfromwhatitwasinthe1700s.TheFourSeasonswouldbe"alotdirtier"ifitwerewrittennow.Costahas"updated"themusicalworktomakeitmatchtherealitiesofthemodernworld.The‘"updated"musicalworkhasbeenplayedinMadrid,Spain.Theperformancetakesplaceinfrontofascreen.Asthemusiciansplay,avideoshowstheeffects(影响)ofclimatechange,suchasforestfiresandunusuallydryweather.Afterenjoyingit,peoplefindthenew"Summer"nowsoundsnoisierandmorepowerful.Becauseofglobalwarming(全球变暖),theotherthreeseasonshavebecomeshorter.Costasaysheexpectspeopletofeel"reallysad"afterlisteningtothenewFourSeasons."Ireallywantmorepeopletobecometrulyawareof(意识到)whatishappeningtoourplanet,"saysCosta."AndIbelieveVivaldiwouldnotbeangrywithmychanges."21．WhatdoweknowaboutTheFourSeasons?A．Itisstillunpopularnow.B．ItwaswrittenbyHacheCosta.C．Itwasfirstplayedabout300yearsago.22．Whatwillcometomindwhenwelistentotheold"Autumn"accordingtothepassage?A．Forestfiresanddryweather.B．Aharvestcelebration.C．Ahotlazyday.23．Whichisclosetotheunderlinedword"updated"inmeaninginParagraph4?A．提上日程 B．追根溯源 C．赋予新意24．WhydidHacheCostagivetheoldworkafreshfeel?A．Tocallonmorepeopletolovemusic.B．Toraisepublicawarenessofclimatechange.C．TopresentthestoryofAntonioVivaldi'scolorfullife.（2024·长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。Whatshouldyoudowhenyoucan'tfindthetimetodoalongworkout?Haveyouheardofexercisesnacks(零食式锻炼)?Exercisesnacksareapopularandinventivenewwayforpeopletostayfit.Insteadofspendinghoursontheplayground,peoplebreakthat"largemeal"intoexercise"snacks".Theseexercisescanlastanywherefrom20secondstotwominutes.Thenyoucanhavearestfor30minutestofourhoursbeforeanothersnack.Itisreportedthatexercisesnackscanbeasusefulastraditionalexercisemethods.Justthreeexercisesnacksadaycanbenefit(使受益)yourphysicalhealth.Besidesthat,therearelotsofotherbenefits.Yourconcentration(专注力)andcreativitygetbetter,andyoucanbecomemoreproductive.Also,"snacking"throughoutthedaystopsyoufromsittingtoolong.Therearesomanyacceptableexercisesnacks,likedoingsit-ups,jumpingropeorrunningupanddownsomestairs(楼梯).Butforthosewhodon'tknowwheretostart,herearesomehelpfulexercisechoices:Exercisessuchasliftingweightswillsatisfytheneeds.Sincemostpeopledon'tkeepweightsattheiroffices,liftfullwaterbottles.Squats(深蹲)—movingyourbodyasiftositdownwhilekeepingyourbackstraight.Fivetotenoftheseshouldmakeagoodsnack.Forthosewhodon'tliketraditionalexercises,simplyturnupthemusic.Pickalivelysongandstartdancing.It'llmakeforafunworkout.Whatareyouwaitingfor?Let'sgetmoving.Yourbodywillthankyouforit!25．Howlongcananexercisesnacklastaccordingtothepassage?A．20secondstotwominutes.B．30minutestofourhours.C．Fivetotenminutes.26．Whichisanacceptableexercisesnackmentionedinthepassage?A．Doingmathexercises.B．Eatingsnacks.C．Doingsit-ups.27．Whatisthewriter'sattitude(态度)toexercisesnacks?A．Doubtful. B．Unclear. C．Supportive.28．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Tochangetraditionaleatinghabits.B．Tointroduceaninventivenewwaytostayfit.C．Toencouragepeopletodolong-timeoutdoorexercise.（2023·怀化）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。ChatGPTisasmartAIchatbot(聊天机器人)tool.ItisdevelopedbyUScompanyOpenAI.Itisverypopularallovertheworld.Itisreportedthatover89percentofstudentshaveusedChatGPTtohelpwiththeirhomework.Youcanaskittowritestoriesandemails,translatelanguages,andanswerallkindsofquestions.SomeschoolsintheUS,AustraliaandFrancedon'tuseChatGPT.TheyareafraidthatChatGPTcouldmakeiteasierforstudentstocheat(作弊)onhomework.SomepeoplealsoworrythatChatGPTcouldbeusedtogivewronginformation.However,notallschoolssay"no"toChatGPT.SomeCanadianschoolsaremakingdecisionsonitsuseforbothstudentsandteachers.TheywillnotstoptheuseofChatGPT.BhaskarVira,ateacherattheschoolinCambridge,saidthatnotusingChatGPTisnotclever."WehavetoknowthatpeoplewillgetusedtoanAItoolinourlearning,teachingandexaminations,"hetoldaschoolnewspaper.29．ChatGPTisa____AIchatbottool.A．strange B．useless C．smart30．WhatcanChatGPTdo?A．Flykites. B．Cookfood. C．Writestories.31．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．ChatGPTwasdevelopedbyCanada.B．ChatGPTcanhelpwithhomework.C．AllschoolsinFranceuseChatGPT.32．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．ChatGPTB．AUselessToolC．TheHistoryofAI（2023·怀化）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。InChina,thereare24solarterms(节气)inayear.Andtherearesixsolartermsinwinter.Theyarebeginningofwinter,lightsnow,heavysnow,wintersolstice(冬至),lessercold(小寒)andgreatercold.BeginningofwinterusuallyfallsonNovember7thor8th.Onthisday,afterayearofhardwork,peoplearehappytohavearestandspendtimewiththefamily.ThenorthernChinacelebratesbeginningofwinterasthe"SmallSpringFestival".Peopleusuallyhavedumplingsandmuttonsouponthatday.LightsnowusuallyfallsonNovember22ndor23rdandheavysnowusuallyfallsonDecember7thor8th.Whenwintersolsticecomes,itbringstheshortestdaysoftheyearandthelongestnights.Manyplacesaroundthecountrycanexpectthecoldestweather.Greatercoldcomesafterlessercold.Thefieldiscoveredwithsnow.AndallChinesearereadytowelcometheSpringFestivalafterit.Ofcourse,anewroundofsolartermswillstart.33．Howmanysolartermsarethereinwinter?A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven.34．WhatdopeopleinthenorthernChinausuallyhaveonbeginningofwinter?A．Dumplingsandmuttonsoup.B．Noodlesandfish.C．Riceandchicken.35．Whendoesheavysnowusuallyfall?A．OnNovember22ndor23rd.B．OnDecember1stor2nd.C．OnDecember7thor8th.36．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Beginningofwinter.B．Thesolartermsinwinter.C．Greatercold.（2023·株洲）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。TherewereactorsperformingQinqiangOperaattheTangParadiseonFebruary5th,2023.TangParadise,locatedinthesouthofXi'an,isalargeculturalthemeparkshowingthelifestyleoftheTangDynasty.QinqiangOpera,whichcamefromtheancientfolksongsanddancesofthepeopleinShaanxiandGansuprovince,isoneofthelongest-liveformsofoperainChina.Accordingtohistoricalrecords,thelocaloperadatesallthewaybacktotheQinDynasty(221BC-207BC).QinqiangOperaisareflectionofancientChinesepeople'sdailylifeandfeelings.However,thedevelopmentofpopandWesternmusicinfluencedQinqiangOperadeepinthe1990s.Duringthisdifficulttime,manyQinqiangOperaactorshadnochoicebuttoleavetheoperastagewheretheyperformed.Theythentookonseveraljobstomakealiving,includingworkingasbusinessmen,runningclothingshopsandactinginsmallfilmroles.QinqiangOperawaslistedasanational-levelintangibleculturalheritagein2006.IthasagreatinfluenceonthedevelopmentofQinqiangOpera.Abouttenyearsago,theaudiencesweremostlyoldpeople.NowlotsofyoungaudiencespourinandQinqiangOperaperformancesarewarmlywelcomed.Thememberofyoungperformershasincreasedaswell.TherevivalofQinqiangOperawasnotonlyattractedmoreyoungactorsandaudiencesbutalsoreflectedthecountry'sculturaldevelopment.37．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheTangParadise?A．It'sinthenorthofXi'anB．It'salargeculturalthemepark.C．ItshowsthelifestyleoftheQinDynasty.38．QinqiangOperacamefrom____.A．theancientfolksongsanddancesB．popmusicandWesternmusicC．countrymusicanddances39．QinqiangOperawasdeeplyinfluencedbythedevelopmentofpopandWesternmusic____.A．inthe1970s B．inthe1980s C．inthe1990s40．WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaboutQinqiangOpera?A．QinqiangOperaisoneofthelongest-liveformsofoperainChina.B．QinqaingOperawaslistedasanational-levelintangibleculturalheritagein2023.C．NowQinqiangOperaperformancesarewelcomedbylotsofyoungaudiences.41．Thepassagemainlytalksabout____.A．theTangParadiseB．QinqiangOperaC．popandWesternmusic（2023·张家界）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。Inourliveswecanseemoreandmorerobotsindifferentplaces.Theyarehelpfulanddolotsofthings.Theycannotonlyworkindoors,butalsooutdoors.Theycanevendotasksthatnobodywantstodo.Onespecialrobotcanhelpinfastfoodrestaurants.Atfirst,therobotonlymadeburgers.Butworkersthoughtitcoulddomore.Now,therobotcanmakemanykindsoffoodlikefrenchfriesandfriedonions.Itworksfasterthanpeoplebecauseitcandomoretasksatthesametime.Soitsavesalotoftimeandwork.Also,therobotknowsexactlywhenthefoodisready.Workersarehappythattheydon'thavetodothem,especiallyatnight.Anotherspecialrobotcanevendotasksthataredifficultordangerous.Itissobigthatitcancarrythingsofupto40kilogramsandcanreachashighastenmeters,too.Ithelpsworkersfixrailwaylines(维修铁路线路).That'sbecauseelectricitycanmakesomeworkersindangerandevenfallsometimes.Therobotcanhelpthemsolvetheseproblemsandmakestheirlivesmuchsafer.Theseunusualrobotsseemtobedoinggoodjobs,buttheystillneedhelpfrompeople.Peoplecontrolrobotswithacomputeroraremotecontrol(遥控器)andaVRheadset(虚拟现实头盔).Scientistssayrobotscanhelpinmoreplacesandplayamoreimportantpartinthenearfuture.42．Wheredoesthespecialrobotworkindoors?A．Inthemuseum.B．Atthebusstation.C．Infastfoodrestaurants.43．Whatfoodcanthespecialrobotmakeatfirst?A．Burgers. B．Frenchfries. C．Friedonions.44．Whatcanmakeworkersindangerwhentheyfixrailwaylines?A．Earthquake. B．Electricity. C．Rainstorm.45．Wecaninfer(推断)that____fromthe4thparagraph.A．Therewillbefewerrobotsinourhomestodogoodjobs.B．Thesespecialrobotscan'tworkwithoutpeople'shelp.C．Therearefourwaystoordertherobotstodoallthings.46．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．TheFastestRobotsB．TheBiggestRobotsC．TheUnusualRobots（2023·衡阳）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。MotuoliesinthesouthoftheHimalayasinTibet.Itisknownasthe"NaturalMuseumofTibet".Itishometoallkindsofmountains,rivers,waterfalls,plantsandanimalsitsspecialgeographiclocation(地理位置)makesitabeautifulplace.ItwasoneofthehardestplacestoreachandwasthelastcityinChinawithoutahighway.Theconstruction(施工)ofthefirsthighwaytoMotuostartedinthe1960s.However,itwasnocompleteduntilover50yearslater.In2014,theconstructionofitssecondhighway-thePaimoHighwaystarted.InOctober2022,theconstructionofthemainbodyofthehighwaywascompleted.Theyaregreatengineeringprojects.Inthisarea,earthquakesandheavyrainshappenedveryoften.Therecouldbefallingrocksorevenlandslides(滑坡).Peoplemustbuildmanywallsandnetstoprotectthetwohighways.Anotherchallengewasthesnow.Plentyofsnowsometimesdestroyedrocksandroads.Asaresult,theconstructionofthehighwaystoMotuowasstoppedseveraltimes.Tosolvethisproblem,peoplebuiltatunnel(隧道)thatgoesthroughthemountainarea.ThetwohighwaysstandfortheChinesespiritof"nevergivingup".TheyarewaystoconnectMotuototheoutsideworldandshowhowChinacaresaboutpeopleinthefarareas.47．WhereisMotuo?A．It'sinthesouthoftheHimalayas.B．It'sinthenorthoftheHimalayas.C．It'sintheeastoftheHimalayas.48．WhendidtheconstructionofthefirsthighwaytoMotuostart?A．Inthe1980s. B．Inthe1970s. C．Inthe1960s.49．Howmustpeopledealwiththefallingrocksorevenlandslidesaccordingtothepassage?A．Peoplemustbuildatunnel.B．Peoplemustbuildabridge.C．Peoplemustbuildmanywallsandnets.50．WhatdothetwohighwaystoMotuostandfor?A．TheChinesespiritof"beinghard-working"B．TheChinesespiritof"nevergivingup"C．TheChinesespiritof"beinghonest".51．What'sthemainideaofthearticle?A．TointroducethetwohighwaystoMotuo.B．ToexplaintheimportanceofMotuo.C．ToshowthebeautyofMotuo.（2023·株洲）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。Takecareofyourplants!Theymay"shout"ifyoutreatthembadly.Plantscanmakesoundswhentheyarestressed,accordingtoarecentstudy."Plantsusesoundtocommunicatewithanimalsallthetime,soitwouldbeveryinconvenientforplantsnottousesoundatall."LilachHadany,co-author(合著者)ofthestudy,toldScienceFocus.Withthisinmind,theresearchteamstartedbyrecordingplants'sounds.Theyputsweet-pepperandtomatoplantsinsoundproofboxestoshutoffthenoiseintheenvironment.Severalultrasonicmicrophones(超声波麦克风)werethenputneartheplants,whichcanrecordbetween20and250kilohertz(千赫兹).Ahumanadult'searcanhearabout16kilohertz.Therewerethreegroupsofplants:Onegroupwasn'twateredforfivedays,anothergrouphadsomepartscutoffandthelastgroupwasuntouched.Themicrophonescaughtsoundsfrom40to80kilohertzfromthefirsttwogroups.Thesound,whichwassimilartothenoiseofpopcornpoppinggrewlouderandlouderduringthefivedaysofwaterstress.Theythenbegantobecomeweakerandweakerastheplantsdriedout.Astressedplanproducedthepoppingsoundaround30to50timesperhour,whiletheuntouchedgrouponlyproducedaroundonceperhour,accordingtothestudy.52．Plantsuse____tocommunicatewithanimalsallthetimeaccordingtothestudy.A．sound B．smell C．light53．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"soundproof"mean?A．发出声音的 B．隔离声音的 C．吸收声音的54．Ahumanadult'searcanhearabout____.A．16kilohertz B．20kilohertz C．250Kilohertz55．Accordingtothestudy,theuntouchedgroupoftheplantsproducedthepoppingsoundaround____.A．40to80timesperhourB．30to60timesperhourC．onceperhour56．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Plantscanmakesounds.B．Howtotakecareofyourplants.C．Theteammademachine-learningapplications.（2023·衡阳）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。TheDolphin1isakindofintelligentwaterrescue(救援)robot.ItisindependentlydevelopedbyYunzhouTechnology,acompanyfromGuangdongProvince.TherescuerobotbecamefamousforitssuccessfulrescueofaboywhowaswashedawaybywavesinWeihai,ShandongProvinceonAug9.2022.TheDolphin1hasmanyadvantages.Forexample,ithashighfloatage(漂浮性),anditsdirectioncanbecontrolled.TheDolphin1canoverturn(翻转)toadjustitspositionevenindangerouswaterconditionsbyitself.Itisnothardtoberemote-controlled(遥控)withonehandandthepersonwhousesitdoesnotneedtohaveprofessionaltrainingbeforeusingit.Whenoneaccidenthappens,onlyonetotwopeoplearerequiredtooperate(操作)therobotforrapidrescue.Sinceitwasputintouse,theDolphinIhassavedseveralpeople'slivesinZhuhai'sWanshanIslandandcoastalareasofWeihai.IthasbeenputintooperationinrescuetasksinJiangxiandHenanprovinces.Atpresent,theintelligentwaterrescuerobothasbeenwidelyusedinChina.Andmorethan40countries,includingtheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Spain,Italy,andAustralia,haveintroducedtheDolphin1forrapidwaterrescueoperations.57．Theunderlinedword"intelligent"inthefirstparagraphmeans"____"inChineseA．智能的 B．时尚的 C．勤奋的58．Howmanypeopleareonlyrequiredtooperatetherobotforrapidrescueifanaccidenthappens?A．Onetofourpeople.B．Onetothreepeople.C．Onetotwopeople59．WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A．Advantagesofthewaterrescuerobot.B．Researchofthewaterrescuerobot.C．Opinionsonthewaterrescuerobot.60．Wherehasthewaterrescuerobotbeenputintooperationinrescuetasks?A．InHunanandJiangxi.B．InJiangxiandHenan.C．InHunanandHenan.61．Whichpartofanewspapermightthepassagecomefrom?A．Travel. B．Science. C．Culture.（2023·长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。AnyonewhohasseenTheSoundof