2025考研英语二真题集解析

2025考研英语二真题集解析考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______第一部分阅读理解directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1Theconceptofa"digitalnative"hasbeenwidelydiscussedinrecentyears,referringtoindividualswhohavegrownupduringthedigitalageandhaveaninherentabilitytoutilizedigitaltechnologyeffortlessly.However,thetermitselfhasattractedconsiderablecriticism.Somearguethatitoversimplifiesthecomplexrelationshipbetweenpeopleandtechnology,suggestingthatnotallindividualsexposedtodigitaltoolsatayoungagebecomeadeptatusingtheminmeaningfulways.Theypointoutthatdigitalliteracyisnotaninnatequalitybutratheraskillthatneedstobeactivelydevelopedthrougheducationandpractice.Furthermore,thedigitalnativeargumentoften忽略sthesignificantsocio-economicdisparitiesthatexistinaccesstotechnology.Whileitistruethatmanychildrentodayaresurroundedbydigitaldevices,thisisnotuniversallythecase.Thedigitaldivide,whichreferstothegapbetweenthosewhohavereadyaccesstocomputersandtheinternetandthosewhodonot,remainsacriticalissueinmanypartsoftheworld.Therefore,labelingsomeonea"digitalnative"basedsolelyontheiragemightbemisleading,astheirabilitytoengagewithdigitaltechnologyisheavilyinfluencedbytheirenvironmentalandeconomiccircumstances.Criticsalsoarguethattheterm"digitalnative"failstoacknowledgethediversityofexperienceswithinthedigitalage.Growingupindifferentculturalcontexts,withvaryinglevelsoftechnologicalinfrastructure,andunderdifferenteducationalsystemscangreatlyshapeone'srelationshipwithtechnology.Forinstance,achildgrowingupinatech-savvyhouseholdwithadvancedparentalguidancemightdevelopdifferentdigitalcompetenciescomparedtoachildinahouseholdwithlimitedaccesstodigitaldevices,despitebothbeingofthesameage.Thesecriticismshighlighttheneedforamorenuancedunderstandingofhowindividualsinteractwithtechnology.Insteadofrelyingonbroadlabelslike"digitalnative,"itmightbemoreaccuratetofocusondigitalliteracy,skills,andexperiences.Byrecognizingthemultifacetednatureofdigitalengagement,educators,policymakers,andresearcherscanbettersupportindividualsindevelopingthenecessarycompetenciestothriveinthedigitalage.1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonereasonforthecriticismoftheterm"digitalnative"?3.Theword"忽略s"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:4.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttherelationshipbetweendigitalliteracyandage?5.Basedonthepassage,whatwouldbeamoreaccuratewaytounderstandindividuals'relationshipswithtechnology?Passage2Inrecentdecades,thefieldofartificialintelligence(AI)haswitnessedremarkableadvancements,leadingtothedevelopmentofsophisticatedsystemscapableofperformingtasksthatwereoncethoughttorequirehumanintelligence.Theseadvancementshavebroughtaboutsignificantchangesinvarioussectors,includinghealthcare,finance,transportation,andentertainment.WhilethebenefitsofAIarewidelyacknowledged,therearealsoconcernsaboutitspotentialimpactonemployment.OneofthemainargumentsagainstthewidespreadadoptionofAIisthefearofjobdisplacement.AsAIsystemsbecomemorecapable,theyarelikelytotakeovertaskstraditionallyperformedbyhumans.Thiscouldleadtosignificantjoblossesincertainindustries,particularlythoseinvolvingroutine,repetitivetasks.Forexample,automationinmanufacturingandcustomerservicecouldresultintheredundancyofmanyworkers.However,itisimportanttonotethatAIalsohasthepotentialtocreatenewjobopportunities.Thedevelopment,implementation,andmaintenanceofAIsystemsrequirearangeofskills,fromprogramminganddataanalysistoethicaloversightandhuman-machineinteraction.Moreover,AIcanaugmenthumancapabilities,allowingworkerstofocusonmorecomplexandcreativetasks.Forinstance,AItoolscanassistdoctorsindiagnosingdiseasesbyanalyzingmedicalimages,enablingthemtomakemoreaccurateandefficientdiagnoses.AnotherconcernrelatedtoAIisitspotentialtoperpetuateexistingbiases.AIsystemsaretrainedondata,andifthisdatareflectssocietalbiases,theAIwilllikelyinheritandevenamplifythem.Thiscouldleadtounfairoutcomesinareassuchashiring,lending,andcriminaljustice.AddressingthesebiasesrequirescarefulconsiderationofthedatausedtotrainAImodelsandthedevelopmentofethicalguidelinesforAIdevelopmentanddeployment.Ultimately,theimpactofAIonemploymentwilldependonvariousfactors,includingthepaceoftechnologicaladvancement,theadaptabilityoftheworkforce,andthepoliciesimplementedbygovernmentsandorganizations.WhilethetransitiontoanAI-driveneconomymayposechallenges,italsopresentsopportunitiesforinnovationandgrowth.Itiscrucialforsocietytoprepareforthisfuturebyinvestingineducationandtrainingprogramsthatequipworkerswiththeskillsneededtothriveinanincreasinglyautomatedworld.6.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonepotentialbenefitofAI?8.Theword"augment"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:9.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestisachallengeindevelopingAIsystems?10.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonewaytoaddresstheconcernaboutAIperpetuatingbiases?Passage3Sustainableurbandevelopmenthasbecomeacriticalfocusforcityplannersandpolicymakersaroundtheworld.Asurbanpopulationscontinuetogrow,thereisanincreasingneedtocreatecitiesthatareenvironmentallyfriendly,sociallyequitable,andeconomicallyviable.Oneofthekeycomponentsofsustainableurbandevelopmentistheintegrationofgreenspacesintourbanenvironments.Greenspaces,suchasparks,gardens,andgreenroofs,providenumerousbenefitstourbancommunities.Theyimproveairqualitybyabsorbingpollutantsandproducingoxygen,helptoregulatetheurbanclimatebyprovidingshadeandreducingtheheatislandeffect,andprovidehabitatsforwildlife.Additionally,greenspacesofferopportunitiesforrecreationandrelaxation,contributingtothephysicalandmentalwell-beingofresidents.However,incorporatinggreenspacesintourbanareasisnotwithoutitschallenges.Landscarcityandhighrealestatecostsinmanycitiesmakeitdifficulttoallocatelandforparksandothergreenareas.Furthermore,themaintenanceofgreenspacesrequiressignificantresources,includingwater,labor,andfunding.Thesechallengeshighlighttheneedforinnovativeapproachestourbanplanningthatcanmaximizethebenefitsofgreenspaceswhileminimizingcosts.Anotherchallengeisensuringequitableaccesstogreenspacesforallresidents.Inmanycities,greenspacesareconcentratedincertainareas,makingitdifficultforpeoplelivingindistantorlessaffluentneighborhoodstoaccessthem.Thiscanleadtodisparitiesinhealthoutcomesandqualityoflifebetweendifferentcommunities.Toaddressthisissue,plannersneedtoconsiderthedistributionofgreenspacesanddevelopstrategiestoensurethatallresidentshaveaccesstotheseimportantresources.Despitethesechallenges,thebenefitsofsustainableurbandevelopmentandtheintegrationofgreenspacesareundeniable.Citiesthatprioritizesustainabilityandinvestingreeninfrastructurearelikelytoattractmoreresidents,improvethequalityoflifeforexistingresidents,andcontributetoamoresustainablefuture.Astheworldcontinuestourbanize,sustainableurbandevelopmentwillbeessentialforcreatingcitiesthatareresilient,equitable,andthriving.11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?12.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneenvironmentalbenefitofgreenspaces?13.Theword"disparities"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:14.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestisagoalofsustainableurbandevelopment?15.Basedonthepassage,whatisonereasonwhyincorporatinggreenspacesintourbanareascanbechallenging?第二部分翻译TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese:Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligencehasbroughtbothopportunitiesandchallengestothefieldofeducation.Ontheonehand,AI-poweredtoolscanprovidepersonalizedlearningexperiencesforstudents,adaptingtotheirindividualneedsandlearningpaces.Thesetoolscanofferimmediatefeedback,identifyareaswherestudentsarestruggling,andsuggesttailoredresourcestohelpthemimprove.Ontheotherhand,theintegrationofAIintoeducationraisesconcernsaboutthepotentialdisplacementofteachersandthehomogenizationoflearningexperiences.ItiscrucialforeducatorsandpolicymakerstocarefullyconsidertheseissuesanddevelopstrategiestoensurethatAIisusedtoenhance,ratherthanreplace,thehumanelementineducation.第三部分写作directions:Writeanessayof100-120wordsbasedonthefollowingpicture.Intheessay,youshoulddescribethepictureandinterpretitsmeaning,andgiveyoursuggestions.YoushouldwriteneatlyonAnswerSheet2.(Writeyouressayonthenextpage.)[Insertapicturehere:Apersonstandingatacrossroads,lookingatfourdifferentsignspointingindifferentdirections:"Study","Work","Travel",and"Family".]试卷答案第一部分阅读理解1.B解析思路：文章首段提出“digitalnative”概念并引出对其的批评，随后各段从不同角度阐述批评的原因。因此，主旨是分析该概念的不足之处，而非介绍其定义或优点。B项“分析‘数字原住民’概念的主要批评”与主旨一致。2.D解析思路：第二段明确提到“digitaldivide”即接触技术的差距，并指出这不是所有人都能享受的，这是对“数字原住民”标签的一个主要批评，即其忽略了社会经济差异导致的不平等访问机会。D项“忽略了接触技术的巨大社会经济差异”符合此意。3.A解析思路：根据上下文，“忽略s”指没有注意到、没有考虑到。“oversimplifies”意为过分简化。结合起来，这里指“数字原住民”概念过分简化了人与人之间与技术之间复杂的关系，即没有考虑到其复杂性。A项“忽略”在此语境下最接近。4.A解析思路：第三段批评“digitalnative”标签不能反映个体差异，能力受环境经济状况影响。第四段明确指出，更准确的理解应关注“digitalliteracy,skills,andexperiences”（数字素养、技能和经验），而非仅仅年龄。这表明数字素养与年龄并非直接相关，而是与后天习得相关。A项“数字素养并非天生的，而是需要后天积极发展”符合此意。5.C解析思路：文章批判了“digitalnative”这一笼统标签，并建议关注更具体的方面。第四段提出应关注“digitalliteracy,skills,andexperiences”（数字素养、技能和经验）。C项“关注个体的数字素养、技能和经验”是文章所提倡的更准确的理解方式。6.A解析思路：文章首段提到AI的显著进步及其在各个领域的变革，随后主要讨论了AI对就业的潜在影响，包括担忧和机遇。核心是围绕AI及其影响展开，特别是对工作的作用。A项“人工智能及其对就业的影响”概括了全文的主要内容。7.B解析思路：第四段明确提到AI可以“augmenthumancapabilities”，使工人能够专注于更复杂、更具创造性的任务。这表明AI可以作为工具增强人类的能力。B项“增强人类能力”符合此意。8.B解析思路：根据上下文，“augment”在此处意为增强、加强。AI工具辅助医生，是加强了医生的能力。B项“增强”符合此意。9.D解析思路：第四段提到AI系统可能“perpetuateexistingbiases”（延续现有偏见），因为它们基于训练数据，如果数据有偏见，AI也会继承放大。这表明一个主要挑战是确保AI系统本身不带偏见。D项“确保人工智能系统本身没有偏见”符合此意。10.C解析思路：第四段指出AI可能延续偏见，原因是训练数据反映社会偏见。末句提出解决方案是“carefullyconsiderthedatausedtotrainAImodels”（仔细考虑用于训练AI模型的数据）。C项“仔细考虑用于训练人工智能模型的数据”是文中提出的具体方法。11.C解析思路：文章首段提出可持续城市发展的概念和必要性。随后各段从环境、社会、经济角度阐述其益处，并讨论了实施中的挑战。核心是探讨实现可持续城市发展的目标及其重要性。C项“探讨可持续城市发展的目标、益处及挑战”概括了全文主旨。12.A解析思路：第二段明确提到绿色空间通过吸收污染物、产生氧气来“improveairquality”（改善空气质量）。A项“改善空气质量”符合此意。13.B解析思路：第四段提到在许多城市，绿色空间分布不均，导致不同社区在健康和生活质量上存在“disparities”。结合语境，这里指绿色空间可及性不同导致的不平等、差距。B项“差距”