《电子技术（双语）》课件-同步时序逻辑电路：解锁数字电路时序密码的核心方法

同步时序逻辑电路：解锁数字电路时序密码的核心方法Synchronoussequentiallogiccircuits:thecoremethodforunlockingthesequencecodeofdigitalcircuits同步时序逻辑电路：解锁数字电路时序密码的核心方法Synchronoussequentiallogiccircuits:thecoremethodforunlockingthesequencecodeofdigitalcircuitsTeacher:JiaLisi授课教师：贾丽斯时序逻辑电路Sequentiallogiccircuits同步时序逻辑电路：解锁数字电路时序密码的核心方法Synchronoussequentiallogiccircuits:thecoremethodforunlockingthesequencecodeofdigitalcircuitsTeacher:JiaLisi授课教师：贾丽斯时序逻辑电路Sequentiallogiccircuits控制电流走向Controlcurrentdirection01010101状态表

Statetable0011001100001111同步时序逻辑电路：解锁数字电路时序密码的核心方法Synchronoussequentiallogiccircuits:thecoremethodforunlockingthesequencecodeofdigitalcircuits理解时序电路的工作原理和功能Understandtheworkingprinciplesandfunctionsofsequentialcircuits分析同步时序逻辑电路AnalysesynchronoussequentiallogiccircuitsPart01教学目标Teachingobjective核心目标Coreobjective具体任务Specifictasks教学目标Teachingobjective给定时序逻辑电路图，求出逻辑功能。Givenasequentiallogiccircuitdiagram,findthelogicalfunction.明确分析步骤和方法；Clearlyunderstandtheanalysisstepsandmethods;掌握功能描述方法的转换；Mastertheconversionoffunctionaldescriptionmethods;能准确说明电路功能。Accuratelydescribecircuitfunctions.Part02时序逻辑电路的功能描述方法Functionaldescriptionmethodofsequentiallogiccircuit时序逻辑电路的功能描述方法Functionaldescriptionmethodofsequentiallogiccircuit时序逻辑电路图

Functionaldescriptionmethodofsequentiallogiccircuit功能说明

Functiondescription状态表Statetable

以输入、现态为变量Takinginputandcurrentstateasvariables状态图Statediagram驱动方程

Driveequations状态方程

Stateequation输出方程

Outputequations

以输入、现态为变量Takinginputandcurrentstateasvariables代入触发器的特性方程Substituteintothecharacteristicequationoftheflip-flop图形形式表示状态转换关系GraphicalRepresentationofstatetransitionrelationships列真值表Listtruthtables根据状态变化规律Accordingtothelawofstatechange时序图

Sequencediagrams波形形式表示在CP作用下状态转换过程statetransitionprocessundertheactionofCPintheformofwaveforms逻辑表达式

logicalexpression时序逻辑电路的功能描述方法Functionaldescriptionmethodofsequentiallogiccircuit时序逻辑电路图

Functionaldescriptionmethodofsequentiallogiccircuit

以输入、现态为变量Takinginputandcurrentstateasvariables驱动方程

Driveequations状态方程

Stateequation输出方程

Outputequations

以输入、现态为变量Takinginputandcurrentstateasvariables代入触发器的特性方程Substituteintothecharacteristicequationoftheflip-flop逻辑表达式

logicalexpression主要描述方法及关系Maindescriptionmethodsandrelationships输出方程：以输入和现态为变量的逻辑表达式。Outputequation:Alogicalexpressionwithinputandcurrentstateasvariables.​驱动方程：以输入和现态为变量，描述触发器输入信号与输入、现态的关系。​Driveequation:Alogicexpressionwithinputandcurrentstateasvariables,describingtherelationshipbetweenthetriggerinputsignalandtheinputandcurrentstate.状态方程：将驱动方程代入触发器的特性方程得到，反映次态与输入、现态的关系。​Stateequation:Astateequationisobtainedbysubstitutingthedriveequationintothetrigger'scharacteristicequation,reflectingtherelationshipbetweenthenextstateandtheinputandcurrentstate.时序逻辑电路的功能描述方法Functionaldescriptionmethodofsequentiallogiccircuit主要描述方法及关系Maindescriptionmethodsandrelationships状态表：类似真值表，清晰展示现态到次态的转换及输出情况。​Statetable:Similartoatruthtable,itclearlydisplaysthetransitionfromthecurrentstatetothenextstateandtheoutput.状态图：用图形形式表示状态转换关系，更为直观。Statediagram:Agraphicalrepresentationofstatetransitionsismoreintuitive.时序图：以波形形式展示在CP作用下状态的转换过程。​Sequencediagrams:AwaveformdiagramdisplaysthestatetransitionprocessundertheinfluenceofCP.状态方程

Stateequation输出方程

Outputequations功能说明

Functiondescription状态表Statetable状态图Statediagram图形形式表示状态转换关系GraphicalRepresentationofstatetransitionrelationships列真值表Listtruthtables根据状态变化规律Accordingtothelawofstatechange时序图

Sequencediagrams波形形式表示在CP作用下状态转换过程statetransitionprocessundertheactionofCPintheformofwaveforms时序逻辑电路的功能描述方法Functionaldescriptionmethodofsequentiallogiccircuit时序逻辑电路图

Functionaldescriptionmethodofsequentiallogiccircuit功能说明

Functiondescription状态表Statetable

以输入、现态为变量Takinginputandcurrentstateasvariables状态图Statediagram驱动方程

Driveequations状态方程

Stateequation输出方程

Outputequations

以输入、现态为变量Takinginputandcurrentstateasvariables代入触发器的特性方程Substituteintothecharacteristicequationoftheflip-flop图形形式表示状态转换关系GraphicalRepresentationofstatetransitionrelationships列真值表Listtruthtables根据状态变化规律Accordingtothelawofstatechange时序图

Sequencediagrams波形形式表示在CP作用下状态转换过程statetransitionprocessundertheactionofCPintheformofwaveforms逻辑表达式

logicalexpression关键：分析的核心在于这些功能描述方法的转换，以及根据状态变化规律正确说明电路功能。Key:Thecoreoftheanalysisliesintheconversionofthesefunctionaldescriptionmethodsandthecorrectdescriptionofcircuitfunctionsbasedonthelawsofstatechanges.同步与异步的区别

Thedifferencebetweensynchronousandasynchronous同步时序逻辑电路

Synchronoussequentiallogiccircuits异步时序逻辑电路

Asynchronoussequentiallogiccircuits时序逻辑电路的功能描述方法Functionaldescriptionmethodofsequentiallogiccircuit有统一的时钟，分析时不用考虑各触发器状态转换的时钟条件，仅在画时序图时画出CP信号波形。

Haveaunifiedclock,sotheclockconditionsforeachflip-flopstatetransitiondonotneedtobeconsideredduringanalysis;onlytheCPsignalwaveformisdrawnwhendrawingthesequencediagram.没有统一时钟，分析时必须考虑各触发器状态转换的时钟条件。Donothaveaunifiedclock,sotheclockconditionsforeachflip-flopstatetransitionmustbeconsideredduringanalysis.Part03案例分析

Casestudy案例分析Casestudy案例：分析由三个下降沿触发器FF0、FF1和FF2组成的时序逻辑电路，写出输出方程、驱动方程、状态方程，列出状态表，画出状态图和时序图，并说明逻辑功能。Case:Analyzeasequentiallogiccircuitconsistingofthreefalling-edge-tripflip-flops：FF0,FF1andFF2,writetheoutputequation，driveequation,andstateequation,listthestatetable,drawastatediagramandsequencediagram,andexplainthelogicfunction.案例分析Casestudy三个触发器的时钟端都接在同一个CP上Theclockterminalsofallthreeflip-flopsareconnectedtothesameCP同步时序逻辑电路Synchronoussequentiallogiccircuit电路特点CircuitCharacteristics无输入变量，有输出函数Y。ThecircuithasnoinputvariablesandhasanoutputfunctionY案例分析Casestudy解析：由给定的时序逻辑电路图写出逻辑表达式。Analysis:Writealogicalexpressionbasedonthegivensequentiallogiccircuitdiagram.输出方程Outputequation案例分析Casestudy逻辑表达式中，约定状态量的排列顺序为下标大的高位在前、下标小的低位在后。

Inlogicalexpressions,theorderofstatevariablesisusuallyarrangedwiththehighestdigit(largersubscript)firstandthelowestdigit(smallersubscript)last.小贴士

Tip解析：由给定的时序逻辑电路图写出逻辑表达式。Analysis:Writealogicalexpressionbasedonthegivensequentiallogiccircuitdiagram.输出方程Outputequation案例分析Casestudy解析：由给定的时序逻辑电路图写出逻辑表达式。Analysis:Writealogicalexpressionbasedonthegivensequentiallogiccircuitdiagram.输出方程Outputequation驱动方程Driveequation案例分析Casestudy解析：由给定的时序逻辑电路图写出逻辑表达式。Analysis:Writealogicalexpressionbasedonthegivensequentiallogiccircuitdiagram.输出方程Outputequation驱动方程Driveequation案例分析Casestudy解析：由给定的时序逻辑电路图写出逻辑表达式。Analysis:Writealogicalexpressionbasedonthegivensequentiallogiccircuitdiagram.输出方程Outputequation驱动方程Driveequation案例分析Casestudy解析：由给定的时序逻辑电路图写出逻辑表达式。Analysis:Writealogicalexpressionbasedonthegivensequentiallogiccircuitdiagram.输出方程Outputequation驱动方程Driveequation案例分析Casestudy解析：由给定的时序逻辑电路图写出逻辑表达式。Analysis:Writealogicalexpressionbasedonthegivensequentiallogiccircuitdiagram.输出方程Outputequation驱动方程Driveequation案例分析Casestudy解析：由给定的时序逻辑电路图写出逻辑表达式。Analysis:Writealogicalexpressionbasedonthegivensequentiallogiccircuitdiagram.输出方程Outputequation驱动方程Driveequation案例分析Casestudy解析：由给定的时序逻辑电路图写出逻辑表达式。Analysis:Writealogicalexpressionbasedonthegivensequentiallogiccircuitdiagram.输出方程Outputequation驱动方程Driveequation反映次态与现态之间的关系wecanobtainthestateequationofeachflip-flop.案例分析Casestudy解析：由给定的时序逻辑电路图写出逻辑表达式。Analysis:Writealogicalexpressionbasedonthegivensequentiallogiccircuitdiagram.输出方程Outputequation驱动方程Driveequation将驱动方程代入JK触发器的特性方程得状态方程SubstitutingthedriveequationintothecharacteristicequationoftheJKflip-flop,thestateequationisobtained代入

Substituting案例分析Casestudy解析：由给定的时序逻辑电路图写出逻辑表达式。Analysis:Writealogicalexpressionbasedonthegivensequentiallogiccircuitdiagram.输出方程Outputequation驱动方程Driveequation将驱动方程代入JK触发器的特性方程得状态方程SubstitutingthedriveequationintothecharacteristicequationoftheJKflip-flop,thestateequationisobtained代入

Substituting案例分析Casestudy解析：由给定的时序逻辑电路图写出逻辑表达式。Analysis:Writealogicalexpressionbasedonthegivensequentiallogiccircuitdiagram.输出方程Outputequation驱动方程Driveequation将驱动方程代入JK触发器的特性方程得状态方程SubstitutingthedriveequationintothecharacteristicequationoftheJKflip-flop,thestateequationisobtained代入

Substituting由状态方程及输出方程列出状态表

Listthestatetablebystateequationandoutputequation由状态方程及输出方程列出状态表Listthestatetablebystateequationandoutputequation方程式中的现态为状态表中的变量、次态及输出为状态表中的函数。Thecurrentstateintheequationisthevariableinthestatetable，andthenextstateandoutputarethefunctionsinthestatetable.01010101状态表

Statetable001100110000111100011100011001001010100000000011注意：状态量的排列顺序为下标大的高位在前、下标小的低位在后。Note：Theorderofstatusvalues​​is:thehigherdigitwiththelargersubscriptcomesfirst,andthelowerdigitwiththesmallersubscriptcomeslast.输出方程Outputequation√√√√状态方程Stateequation依各方程式，在每个与项覆盖的行填写1值，重复时只填写一次1值，剩余行填写0值。Foreachequation,fillinthevalue1ineachrowthatiscoveredbytheterm.Ifrepeated,fillinthevalue1onlyonceandfillintheremainingrowswiththevalue0.填函数值Fillfunctionvalue列表、排列变量取值组合Listandarrangethecombinationsofvariablevalues由状态方程及输出方程列出状态表Listthestatetablebystateequationandoutputequation01010101状态表

Statetable001100110000111100011100011001001010100000000011

↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓

CP现态currentstate次态nextstate现态输出Currentstateoutput状态转换Statetransition纵向—现态、次态及现态输出三部分。Vertical—Currentstate,nextstate,andcurrentstateoutput.横向—由现态到次态的状态转换关系及现态输出。Horizontal—Statetransitionsfromcurrentstatetonextstateandcurrentstateoutput.

在时钟CP作用下进行状态转换，表中没表示出来。CP下降沿有效。StatetransitionsoccurundertheinfluenceofclockCP,whichisnotshowninthetable.CPfallingedgeisvalid.理解说明

Instructions由状态方程及输出方程列出状态表Listthestatetablebystateequationandoutputequation01010101状态表

Statetable001100110000111100011100011001001010100000000011由状态表画出状态图

Drawastatediagramfromastatetable由状态表画出状态图Drawastatediagramfromastatetable01010101状态表

Statetable001100110000111100011100011001001010100000000011/0010/0011/0100/0101/0110/0/1111/1Q2Q1Q0/Y000001画图方法：将状态表中每行所表示的状态转换关系用图形形式表示。Drawingmethod::Representthestatetransitionrelationshiprepresentedbyeachrowinthestatetableingraphicalform.√√√√√√√√由状态表画出状态图Drawastatediagramfromastatetable01010101状态表

Statetable001100110000111100011100011001001010100000000011/0010/0011/0100/0101/0110/0/1111/1Q2Q1Q0/Y000001画图方法：将状态表中每行所表示的状态转换关系用图形形式表示。Drawingmethod::Representthestatetransitionrelationshiprepresentedbyeachrowinthestatetableingraphicalform.√√√√√√√√由状态表画出状态图Drawastatediagramfromastatetable/0010/0011/0100/0101/0110/0/1111/1Q2Q1Q0/Y000001画图方法：将状态表中每行所表示的状态转换关系用图形形式表示。Drawingmethod::Representthestatetransitionrelationshiprepresentedbyeachrowinthestatetableingraphicalform.现态、次态是相对的，箭头所指为次态、箭尾所指为现态。Thecurrentstateandthenextstatearerelative;thearrowpointstothenextstate,andthetailofthearrowpointstothecurrentstate.在时钟CP作用下进行状态转换，图中没表示出来。Horizontal—StateStatetransitionsoccurundertheactionofclockCP,whichisnotshowninthediagram.理解说明

Instructions由状态图画出时序图

Drawasequencediagramsfromastatediagram由状态图画出时序图Drawasequencediagramsfromastatediagram/0010/0011/0100/0101/0110/0/1111/1Q2Q1Q0/Y000001画图方法：画出形成循环的状态在CP作用下一个循环周期的波形，由时序逻辑图中触发器的符号确定在时钟脉冲信号CP的下降沿改变状态。Drawingmethod::DrawthewaveformofthestatethatformsacycleundertheactionofCPinthenextcycle,anddeterminethestatechangeatthefallingedgeoftheclockpulsesignalCPbasedonthesymbolofthetriggerinthesequencelogicdiagram.CPQ0Q1Q2Y√√√√√√√起始

beginning由状态图画出时序图Drawasequencediagramsfromastatediagram/0010/0011/0100/0101/0110/0/1111/1Q2Q1Q0/Y000001方法：以输入和现态为变量的逻辑表达式。Method:Functionaldescriptionisbasedonthestatetransitionpatternsofthestatediagram.功能说明

Unidirectionalconductivity状态图中，循环、使用的状态为有效状态，其余为无效状态；Inthestatediagram,theloopedandusedstatesareactivestates,whiletherestareinactivestates.无效状态能直接或间接进入有效状态称有自启动功能；

Ifaninactivestatecandirectlyorindirectlytransitiontoanactivestate,itissaidtohaveaself-startingfunction.次态=现态+1（CP作用一次）Nextstate=currentstate+1(CPactsonce)有效状态变化的规律为：

Therulesforeffectivestatechangesare:由状态图画出时序图Drawasequencediagramsfromastatediagram/0010/0011/0100/0101/0110/0/1111/1Q2Q1Q0/Y000001方法：以输入和现态为变量的逻辑表达式。Method:Functionaldescriptionisbasedonthestatetransitionpatternsofthestatediagram.功能说明

Unidirectionalconductivity状态图中，循环、使用的状态为有效状态，其余为无效状态；Inthestatediagram,theloopedandusedstatesareactivestates,whiletherestareinactivestates.无效状态能直接或间接进入有效状态称有自启动功能；

Ifaninactivestatecandirectlyorindirectlytransitiontoanactivestate,itissaidtohaveaself-startingfunction.由有效状态的变化规律说明电路的功能、由无效状态的变化规律说明能否自启动。

Thecircuit'sfunctioncanbedescribedbythetransitionpatternsoftheactivestate,andtheself-startingcapabilitycanbedeterminedbythetransitionpatternsoftheinactivestate.即用状态变化对时钟脉冲CP出现的个数进行计数，经历7个状态完成一个计数周期的循环，并产生进位输出信号。ThecircuitcountsthenumberofclockpulsesCPusingstatechanges,completingacountcyclethroughsevenstatesandgeneratingacarryoutputsignal.无效状态的变化规律为：1个无效状态直接进入有效状态。Thepatternofinactivestatechangesis:oneinactivestatedirectlyleadstoavalidstate.电路为同步七进制加法计数器，有自启动功能。Thiscircuitisasynchronousseptenaryadderwithaself-startfunction.同步时序逻辑电路：解锁数字电路时序密码的核心方法Synchronoussequentiallogiccircuits:thecoremethodforunlockingthesequencecodeofdigitalcircuits分析步骤

Analysissteps分析方法

Analyticalmethods同步时序逻辑电路Synchronoussequentiallogiccircuit教学重点梳理

Keypointsofteaching同步时序逻辑电路分析Synchronoussequentiallogiccircuitanalysis核心：功能描述方法转换。Core:Functionaldescriptionmethodconversion.推导方程

Derivingtheequatio