雨课堂学堂在线学堂云Compilers Techniques(大连理工大学)单元测试考核答案

第1题Thefirstthreephasesofthecompilercompletetheworkasfollows()ALexicalanalysis,syntaxanalysisandcodeoptimizationBCodegeneration,codeoptimizationandlexicalanalysisCLexicalanalysis,syntaxanalysisandsemanticanalysisDLexicalanalysis,syntaxanalysisandcodegeneration第2题()andcodeoptimizationsectionsarenotrequiredforeverycompiler.ASyntaxanalysisBIntermediatecodegenerationClexicalanalysisDcodegeneration第3题Compilersspendmostoftheirtimeon().AErrorhandlingBlexicalanalysisCTargetcodegenerationDSymboltablemanagement第1题Thelexicalanalyzerisusedtoidentify().AcharacterstringBsentenceCwordDidentifier第2题Theoutputoflexicalanalysisprogramis().ACategorycodingofwordsBThepositionofwordsinthesymboltableCThecategorycodeandattributevalueofwordsDThewordattributevalueoftheword第3题Thetaskofthescanneristoidentifythesmallestgrammaticalunitswithindependentmeaningsfromthesourceprograminstringform,namely()AcharacterBwordCsentenceDsentencepatternRegularform第1题Thenormalformequivalentto(a|b)*.A(a*|b*)*B(a|b)+C(ab)*Da*|b*第2题Thelanguageon{a,b}withuptotwoais()A(a|ε)b*(a|ε)Bb*ab*ab*|b*ab*Cb*(a|b*)(a|b*)b*Db*(a|ε)b*(a|b*)b*第3题Thefollowinggrammar()andtheregularexpressiona*bdescribethesamelanguage.AS→ab|aSbBS→b|aSCS→a|aSbDS→a|SbFiniteautomata第1题Asshowninthefigure,theequivalentnormalformoffiniteautomatais().A(0|1)*(000|111)(0|1)B(0|1)(000|111)(0|1)C(0|1)*(000|111)(0|1)*DNoneoftheaboveoptionsarecorrect第2题FortheDFAmodel,thewrongstatementis().AStartingfromanystate,DFAcanhavemultipletransitionsforanyinputsymbolBThereisnoεtransitioninanystateCDFAhasauniquestartstateDDFAcanhavemultipleacceptstates第3题ThewrongstatementaboutNFAandDFAmodelsis().ADFAisaspecialformofNFABThestatetransitionsofDFAandNFAareidenticalCbothhaveauniquestartstateDbothcanhavemultipleacceptstates4.2Top-DownParsing第1题IfgrammarGisunambiguous,thenforanysentenceαofit()AThesyntaxtreecorrespondingtotheleftmostderivationandrightmostderivationmustbethesameBThesyntaxtreecorrespondingtotheleftmostderivationandrightmostderivationmaybedifferentCTheleftmostandrightmostderivationsmustbethesameDTheremaybetwodifferentleftmostderivations,buttheycorrespondtothesamesyntaxtree第2题Grammarcanbedividedintofourtypes:Type0,type1,type2andtype3.The0-typegrammaris().APhrasalgrammarBRegulargrammarCContext-sensitivegrammarDContext-freegrammar第3题Grammarcanbedividedintofourtypes:Type0,type1,type2andtype3.Thetype2grammaris().APhrasalgrammarBRegulargrammarCContext-sensitivegrammarDContext-freegrammar第4题Acontext-freegrammarGconsistsoffourparts:agroupofnonterminals,agroupofterminals,astartsymbol,andagroupof().AsentenceBsentencepatternCwordDProduction第5题IfthelanguagedefinedbyagrammarGisaninfiniteset,thenthegrammarmustbe().ARecursiveBIrrelevantCAmbiguousDUnambiguous第6题IfagrammarGisanunambiguousgrammar,foranysentence,thesentence().AmayhavetwodifferentleftmostderivationsBmayhavetwodifferentrightmostderivationsCTheleftmostderivationisdifferentfromtherightmostderivationDThereisonlyonederivationontheleftandoneontherightLanguageandGrammars第1题Grammarcanbedividedintofourtypes:Type0,type1,type2andtype3.Thetype3grammaris().APhrasalgrammarBRegulargrammarCContext-sensitivegrammarDContext-freegrammar第2题Grammarcanbedividedintofourtypes:Type0,type1,type2andtype3.Thetype1grammaris().APhrasalgrammarBRegulargrammarCContext-sensitivegrammarDContext-freegrammar第3题Chomskydividesgrammarsintofourtypes,andthemostdescriptivegrammar().AType0BType1CType2DType3Bottom-upParsing第1题Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong.AThehandleisasubstringthatmatchestherightpartofaproductionBIfthegrammarisambiguous,thehandlemaynotbeuniqueCWhenthegrammarisunambiguous,thehandleisuniqueDTheleftmostsubstringβthatcanmatchtherightpartofproductionA->βisthehandle第2题Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?AThehandleisasubstringthatmatchestheleftpartofaproductioninthesentencepatternBIfthegrammarisambiguous,thehandleisuniqueCWhenthegrammarisunambiguous,thehandlemaybeuniqueDNoneoftheaboveistrue第3题Incanonicalreduction,reduciblestringsarecharacterizedby().AimmediatephraseBhandleCProductionDtoken第4题Ineachreductionstep,asubstringmatchesthe()ofaproduction,andthenreplacesthesubstringwiththe()symbolofthatproduction.ARight,leftBRight,rightCLeftrightDLeftleft第5题Theconstructionoftheparsetreeforinputstringsbyshift-reduceanalysisstartswith().ARootBleafCIntermediatenodeDAnynode第6题Ifaisterminal,thenA→α•aβisthe()item.AreductionBshiftCacceptDwaitingforreductionSyntax-DirectedDefinitions第1题FortheinheritedattributeY.yofproductionA→XY,thepossiblecorrectsemanticruleis().AA.a≔f(X.x,Y.y)BY.y≔f(a,Y.y)CY.y≔f(X.x)DA.a≔f(Y.y)第2题Whatarethetwoattributesthatdescribegrammaticalsymbols()①L-attribute②R-attribute③synthesizedattribute④inheritedattributeA①②B③④C①③D②④第3题Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?AThecalculationofsynthesizedattributevaluedependsontheattributevalueofitschildnodesintheparsetreeBThecalculationofsynthesizedattributevaluedependsontheattributevalueofitssiblingnodeandparentnodeintheparsetreeCThecalculationofinheritedattributevaluesdependsontheattributevaluesofitschildnodesintheparsetreeDThecalculationofsynthesizedattributevaluedependsontheattributevalueofitsparentnodeintheparsetreeL-AttributedDefinitions第1题InthedefinitionofL-attributed,iftheproductionA→X_1,X_2,⋯,X_n,eachsemanticruleofNcalculatestheinheritedattributeofX_j(1≤j≤n),thenitdependson①Inheritedattributeofa②Synthesizedattributeofa③AttributesofproductionX_j'sleftsymbolX_1X_2,⋯,X_(j-1)④AttributesofproductionX_j'srightsymbolX_(j+1)X_(j+2),⋯,X_nA①③B②④C①④D②③第2题WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthedefinitionofL-attributediscorrect()AS-attributeddefinitionbelongstol-attributeddefinitionBThesyntax-directeddefinitionofvariabletypedeclarationisnotanl-attributeddefinitionCL-attributeddefinitioncontainsonlysynthesizedattributesDL-attributeddefinitioncontainsonlyinheritedattributesBottom-UpParsingofL-AttributedTranslation第1题Whenprocessinginheritedattributesinthebottom-upcalculationofl-attributeddefinition,itisnecessarytointroduce()AMarkernonterminalBMarkerTerminalCSynthesizedattributeDLattribute第2题Inthebottom-upcalculationofL-attributeddefinition,thewrongpurposeofintroducingmarkernonterminalis()ADeleteactionsembeddedintranslationschemeBSimulatethecalculationofsynthesizedattributeCSimulatethecalculationofinheritedattributesDDeterminethelocationofattributesontheparsestack第3题Inthebottom-upcalculationofL-attributeddefinition,thecorrectstatementis()ATheintroductionofmarkernonterminalcandeletetheactionsembeddedinthetranslationschemeBMaketheinheritedattributeevaluationoftheL-attributeddefinitionappearonlyattheleftendoftheproductionCThesynthesizedattributecalculationofL-attributeddefinitiononlyappearsattherightendoftheproductionDThesynthesizedattributecalculationofL-attributeddefinitiononlyappearsattheleftendoftheproductionOverview第1题Inthestoragearrangementoflocaldata,thepaddingareaistheuselessspacecausedby()problemAalignmentBOrderofdataCdatatypeDspace第2题Asforthedefinitionofpadarea,thefollowingstatementiscorrect()AThepadareaistheextraspaceaddedwhenthealignmentproblemisconsideredBThepadareareferstotheuselessspacecausedbythealignmentproblemCThepadareaisthemaximumspacerequiredforlocaldatastorageDTheminimumspacerequiredfordatastorageisinthepad第3题Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect()AThepadingareareferstotheuselessspacecausedbythealignmentproblemBThereisnoalignmentproblemwithlocaldatastoragearrangementsCThedatastoragearrangementoflocaldataisindependentoftheaddressingrestrictionsofthetargetmachineDThepadingareaisboundtoappearNonLocalName第1题Ifthereisnodisplaytableintheactivityrecord,thatmeans()ANorecursivecallprocedureBNonesteddefinitionvariablesCNorecursion,nonestingDHaverecursion,nonesting第2题Thedisplaytableoftheprocedurerecords()ALinkeddatafortheprocessBNestinglevelsofprocessesCThereturnaddressoftheprocedureDTheentryaddressoftheprocess第3题Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong()AThescoperulesoflanguagespecifyhowtohandletheaccessofnonlocalnames.AcommonruleiscalledstaticscoperuleBStaticscopescanbenestedintwodifferentways:staticscopeswithoutprocedurenestingandstaticscopeswithprocedurenestingCThenestingdepthofavariableisdefinedasthenestingdepthoftheprocedureinwhichitisdeclaredDThedataspaceneededbythepr