名师名题：M5模块质量测评

PAGE10/14名师名题：M5模块质量测评(时间：90分钟满分：120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节：(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AAnewstudyshowsthatfatpeopleintheUnitedStatessufferdirecteconomicandsocialeffectsbecauseoftheirsize.Thefindingsarefroman8－yearstudyofabout100000people.Thepeoplestudiedwerebetweentheagesof16and25whentheresearchbegan.Theresearcherswhocarriedoutthestudysaytheyconsiderthepeoplefatiftheyareinthetopof5%ofthemeasurementinwhichweightisconnectedwithheight.Forexample,fatwomeninthestudywereabout160centimeterstallandweighedabout90kilograms.Fatmeninthestudywereabout175centimeterstallandweighed100kilograms.Theresearcherssaythatmorethan1000000Americansarethatbig.Theresearchersfoundthatfatyoungwomenweremorelikelytolosesocialandeconomicpowereveniftheywerefromwealthyfamilies.Thefatwomenalsowere20%lesslikelytogetmarriedandtheyearnedanaverageofabout$6700ayearlessthanotherwomen.Thestudyshowedlesssevereeffectonfatmen.Theyearnedanaverageofabout$3000a1．FromthispassageweknowfatpeopleinAmericawere______.A．admiredB．respectedC．unhealthy D．unpopular2．WhichofthefollowingwasNOTmentionedinthispassage?A．Thereasonwhyfatpeoplesuffered.B．Thecausethatcausedpeopletobefat.C．Thestandardoffatpeople.D．Thenumberoffatpeople.3．Theunderlinedword“severe”means______.A．economic B．socialC．serious D．favorable4．Fatpeoplewereinferiorto(比……差)otherpeoplein______.A．brain,humanrightsandpaymentB．income,marriageandpoliticalrightsC．brain,educationandmarriageD．marriage,gettingjobsandincomeBFromthemomentthatananimalisborn,ithastomakedecisions.Ithastodecidewhichofthethingsarounditareforeating,andwhicharetobeavoided;whentoattackandwhentorunaway.Theanimalis,infact,playingaverydangerousgamewithitsenvironment,agameinwhichitmustmakedecisions—amatteroflifeordeath.Animals'abilitytoactreasonablyisbelievedtocomepartlyfromwhatwemaycall“genetic(遗传性的)learning”，whichisdifferentfromtheindividual(个体的)learningthatananimaldoesinthecourseofitsownlifetime.Geneticlearningislearningbyaspecies—animalsofthesamekindasawhole,anditisachievedbyselectionofthosemembersofeachgenerationthathappentoactintherightway.However,theroleofgeneticlearningdependsuponhowsimilarthefutureenvironmentistothepast.Themoreimportantindividualexperienceislikelytobe,thelessimportantisgeneticlearningasameansofgettingovertheproblemsofthesurvivalgame.Becausemostanimalsliveineverchangingenvironmentsfromonegenerationtothenext,itisnotsurprisingtofindthatveryfewspeciesindeeddependwhollyupongeneticlearning.Inthegreatmajorityofanimals,theirparticularwaysofactinginanewenvironmentareacompound(复合体)ofindividualexperienceaddedtotheactionpatternsanimalsarebornwith.Thatiswhyanimalscansurvive.5．Theanimal'slifewillcometoanend______.A．iftheanimalmakesawrongdecisionB．iftheanimalplaysadangerousgameC．whentheanimalattacksitsenemyD．whentheanimalrunstooslowly6．Veryfewspeciesdependentirelyongeneticlearningbecause______.A．eachgenerationhasitsownwayoflearningB．theirenvironmentschangeallthetimeC．theycanactreasonablyontheirownD．ittakestheirwholelifetolearn7．Whentheenvironmentdoesn'tchangemuch,______.A．animalscan'tactinarightwayB．geneticlearningislessimportantforanimalsC．individuallearningplaysalessimportantroleD．animalscannotgetoverproblemsontheirown8．Animals'livingongenerationaftergenerationdependson______.A．theirnaturalactionpatternwiththeirownexperienceB．thelessonstheyhavelearntduringtheirlifetimeC．theirexperienceinparticularenvironmentsD．theknowledgepassedonbytheirparentsCInmanycountriesthestandardoflivingenjoyedbytheirpeoplehadincreasedrapidlyinrecentyears.Sadly,noteveryoneinthesecountriesissofortunateandmanypeopleinrichcountriesarehomeless.Thereasonsforhomelessnessarevarious,butpoverty(贫穷)isundoubtedlyoneofthemaincauses.Thehomelesspeoplemayhavebecomejoblessandthenbeenunabletopaytheirrentandsonolongerhavearoofovertheirheads.Often,thefactthatunemployedpeoplegethelpfromthegovernmentpreventsthisfromhappening,butnotalways.Somehomelesspeoplearementallyillandhavenoonetolookafterthem.Someareyoungpeoplewho,foronereasonoranother,havelefthomeandhavenowheretolive.Manyofthemhavehadaseriousdisagreementwiththeirparentsandhavelefthome,choosingtogotoacityandliveonthestreets.Sometimestheyhavetakensuchactionbecausetheyhavebeenunabletogetonwithastep－parent.Manyhomelesspeoplegetintothehabitofbeggingtogetenoughmoneytostayalive,butmanyofthegeneralpublicrefusetogiveanythingtobeggars.Oftentheyaremovedonbythepolice,beingaccused(指控),whetherrightlyorwrongly,offorcefulbegging.Therearemanywhodisrespecthomelesspeople.Somecynics(愤世嫉俗的人)declarethathomelesspeoplechoosetolivethelifewhichtheylead.Butwhowouldwillinglychoosetoliveinashopdoorway,underabridgeorinacardboardbox?9．Accordingtothetext,whatcausessomepeopletobehomeless?A．Lackofmoney.B．Theincreasedstandardofliving.C．Nogovernmenthelp.D．Agreementwiththeirparents.10．Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______.A．thehomelessarewillingtoliveunderabridgeorinacardboardboxB．youwillnotfindhomelesspeopleincountrieswithahighstandardoflivingC．thementallyillliveonthestreetsbecausetheywantthecompanyofotherhomelesspeopleD．theunemployedwhoreceivehelpmaystillbeamongthehomeless11．InParagraph2,“aroofovertheirheads”mostprobablymeans______.A．acap B．acarC．ahome D．acovering12．Theauthorthinksthatthehomelesspeopleare______.A．pitiful B．troublesomeC．respectable D．admirableDCloningisaverycontroversialtopicsinceitaffectsmoralquestionsabouthumanbeingsandotherlivingthingsalike.InFebruary1997,scientistsannouncedthebirthofthefirstclonedsheep,whichopenedupfuturepossibilitiesforcloning.Scientistshaveclonedbothplantsandanimalssuccessfully.Thenextstepistocloneanactualhumanbeing.Beforetheexperimentscouldbeginonthis,governmentsintroducedbansoncloning,arguingitwasnotmorallycorrect.Cloninghasitsdisadvantagesbutitsadvantagesseemtobegreater.Ifhumancloningexperimentswereallowed,scientistsmightfindawaytocloneabodyorganwhichwasexactlythesameasanindividual'sbodyorgan.Thiswouldbebeneficialtoapersonwhohadlostabodyorgan.Scientistscouldcloneaparticularorganforthatindividual,whichwouldworkbetterthanatransplant.Cloningwouldcertainlyincreasethepossibilitiesofcuringdisease,suchascancerandotherdiseasesthatwereconsideredincurable.Also,cloningcouldbeusedtoincreasethepopulationofendangeredspeciesofanimals.Itwouldthushelpkeepanaturalbalanceontheearth.Somepeoplewouldsuggestthatcloningisunnaturalandnotethicallycorrect.Infact,thewholeofmodernmedicineisbasedonunnaturalness,socloningwouldbejustanotherpartofthat.Besides,astheclonesofhumanbeingswillhaveallthecharacteristicsofanormalhumanbeing,theywillbehavelikeanyotherhumanbeingswouldbehave,oppositetowhatmanypeoplethink.Inconclusion,itiscertainthatcloningwillplayanimportantpartinourlives.Therefore,thesocietyandthegovernmentshouldacceptthisfactandpermitthescientiststocarryoutmoreresearchtogetridofanyrisksconnectedwithcloning.13．Whatmakeshumancloningimpossibletocarryout?A．Scientistsdon'thaveenoughexperienceinthisfield.B．Itistooexpensivetodosuchexperiments.C．Thereistoomuchpressurefromsociety.D．Cloninghumansisharderthancloningotheranimals.14．Whatbenefitdoescloningbringtoendangeredanimals?A．Itcouldsavethemfromdyingout.B．Itcouldmakethemstronger.C．Itcouldmakethembetteradapttotheenvironment.D．Itcouldmakethemfightbetteragainsttheirenemies.15．Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．Cloninganimalsisbetter.B．Cloninghumansshouldbepermitted.C．Anintroductiontocloning.D．Thefutureofcloning.第二节：(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FourGoalsforPerfectLifeHealthyandFitThefirstgoalcommontoallofusishealthandenergy.__16__Today,withtheincredibleadvancesinmedicalscience,thequalityofourhealthandfitness,andourlifespan(寿命),islargelydeterminedbydesign,notbychance.Peoplewithexcellenthealthhabitsarefarhealthier,havemoreenergy,andlivelongerandbetterthanpeoplewhohavepoorhealthhabits.ExcellentRelationships__17__Fully85%ofyourhappinesswillbedeterminedbythequalityofyourrelationshipsateachstage,andineachareaofyourlife.Howwellyougetalongwithpeople,andhowmuchtheylike,loveandrespectyou,hasmoreimpactonthequalityofyourlifethanperhapsanyotherfactor.DoWhatYouLoveThethirdcommongoalistodoworkthatweenjoy，todoitwell，andtobewellpaidforit.__18__Youwanttoearntheverymostthatispossibleforyouateachstageofyourcareer,whateveryoudo.__19__Thefourthgoalweallhaveincommonistoachievefinancialindependence.__20__Youwanttobecompletelyfreeoffinancialworries.Youwanttobeabletoorderdinnerinarestaurantwithoutusingthepricelistingstodeterminewhatyouwanttoeat.A．Wedon'twanttogetthejobthatwearen'twellpaidanddon'tpromotefaster.B．AchieveFinancialIndependenceC．Moneyisthemostimportantforwecan'tgowithoutit.D．Youwanttoreachthepointinlifewhereyouhaveenoughmoneysothatyouneverhavetoworryaboutmoneyagain.E．Youwanttobeabletogetandkeepthejobyouwant，togetpaidmoreandpromotedfaster.F．Thesecondgoalthatweallhaveincommonistoenjoyexcellentrelationshipswiththepeoplewelikeandrespect,andwholike,loveandrespectusinturn.G．Weallwanttobehealthyandfit，tohavehighlevelsofenergyandtolivefreeofpainandillness.第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)Yearsago,KevinStephenwasabatboyonaNewYorkschoolbaseballteam.Aplayerwhowas__21__upaccidentallyhithiminthechestwithabat.Kevin'sheartstoppedbeating.__22__，anursewhosesonplayedonthatteamwas__23__tosavehislife.“Istartedfirstaidonhimandhecameto__24__，”saidPennyBrown,thenurse,whohappenedtobeonherday__25__thatday.LastweekPennywaseatingattheHillviewRestaurant__26__shebegantochokeonherfoodandcould__27__breathe.RestaurantemployeesyelledforStephen,avolunteer__28__，tocomeoutandhelp.HesavedMrsBrown.Attherestaurant,theyrealizedthe__29__twistoffatetheyhadjustwitnessed.Sevenyearsago,BrownsavedStephen'slife.Nowhereturnedthe__30__at17.It'salmostunbelievable.__31__，thefactisthatthetwopeoplehelpedeachotheroutinadangerous__32__.Later,theymet__33__attheFireHallwhereStephenservedasajuniorfirefighter.Stephen__34__Brownwithabunchofflowers,andhisparentswerealsothereto__35__her.DanCurtis,whotrainedStephenattheFireHall,saidthatStephenlatercalledtoexpresshis__36__，becauseitwaswhatDantaughthiminthefirstaidclassthat__37__himabletosaveBrown.“Asa(n)__38__，youcanneverexpecttogetabetter__39__thanthat—whensomebodytakeswhattheylearninfourhourfirstaidclassandhelpspeopleout.Thisstory__40__theimportanceofreceivingtraininginfirstaid”，saidDan.21．A.taking B．warmingC．putting D．going22．A.Cheerfully B．ImmediatelyC．Luckily D．Quickly23．A.unable B．capableC．able D．active24．A.her B．usC．them D．himself25．A.off B．outC．away D．aside26．A.before B．whileC．until D．when27．A.hardly B．completelyC．extremely D．luckily28．A.doctor B．workerC．cook D．firefighter29．A.frightening B．amazingC．boring D．exciting30．A.favor B．debtC．life D．support31．A.Instead B．ActuallyC．However D．Meanwhile32．A.place B．positionC．location D．situation33．A.foronce B．onceagainC．atthesametime D．atonetime34．A.presented B．offeredC．sent D．supplied35．A.wait B．attendC．greet D．expect36．A.suggestion B．appreciationC．opinion D．idea37．A.kept B．askedC．made D．ordered38．A.leader B．adviserC．instructor D．director39．A.reward B．prizeC．answer D．effect40．A.reminds B．createsC．indicates D．proves第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Once,arichmanwasneardeath.Hewasveryupsetbecausehehadworkedsohardforhismoney__41__hehopedhecouldtakeitwithhimtoheaven.SoheprayedtoGodhemightbeabletotakesomemoneywithhim.__42__angelheardhisprayandappeared.“Sorry,__43__youcan'ttakeyourwealthwithyou.”ThemanbeggedtheangeltospeaktoGodtosee__44__hemightbreaktherules.TheangelreappearedandsaidthatGodcouldallowhimtotakeonesuitcase.Excitedly,themangatheredhissuitcaseandfilledit__45__puregoldbars.Afterward,hediedandshowedupinheaventogreetSt.Peter.__46__(see)thesuitcase,St.Petersaid,“Holdon,youcan'tbringthathere！”ThemanexplainedthathehadGod's__47__(permit).St.Petercheckeditout,camebackandsaid,“Youareright.Youareallowedonecarry－onbag,butI'msupposedtocheckitscontents(内容)__48__lettingitthrough.”St.Peteropenedthesuitcasetoinspectthethings__49__themanfoundtooprecioustoleavebehindandexclaimed(感叹),“Youbroughtpavement?Asyoucansee,thegreatstreetofthecityofheaven__50__(make)ofpuregold！”第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第ll处起)不计分。DearSir/Madam，I'velearnedfromthenewspaperthatyourcompanyeq\o(need,\s\do15(needs))anEnglishsecretary.I'mreallyeq\o(interesting,\s\do15(interested))inthispositionandhopeIcanworkforyou.I'm22yearsoldandeq\o(would,\s\do15(will/shall))leavecollegethisJuly.I'meq\o(∧,\s\do15(an))excellentstudent,amongthetop3inmyclass.I'mgoodeq\o(in,\s\do15(at))English,spokenEnglishinparticular.IoftenusethecomputerandIcantypeveryeq\o(faster,\s\do15(fast)).Inmysparetime,Ireadalot.Poemsaremyeq\o(most,＼)favourite.Ienjoymusicverymuch.Beinganeq\o(actively,\s\do15(active))youngperson,Ilikesportsandoutdooractivities.eq\o(Beside,\s\do15(Besides))，I'measy－goingandIlikemakingeq\o(friend,\s\do15(friends)).I'mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Bestwishes!LiHua第二节：书面表达(满分25分)作为一名中学生，你肯定经历过很多次考试，体验过成功，也遭遇过失败。请你根据提示内容，简要概述中学生普遍存在的对考试失败的两种态度，并结合自身实际，说明你的观点。态度一：当考试结果不尽人意时，情绪低落，丧失信心，不再继续努力。态度二：当考试失败时分析找出失败原因，鼓励自己，增强信心，避免再犯同样的错误。你的观点：失败乃成功之母，……注意：1．短文的内容要连贯、完整。2．词数：100左右。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案与解析：第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节：A篇1．解析：推理判断题。根据第一段首句“一项新的研究表明在美国肥胖者因他们的体型受直接的经济和社会影响之苦。”可判断肥胖者在美国是不受欢迎的。unpopular不受欢迎的。admired＝respected受尊敬的；unhealthy不健康的。答案：D2．解析：推理判断题。本文主要讲了在美国有很多肥胖者，肥胖者的人数、肥胖的标准以及为何肥胖者会受经济、社会的影响之苦。文章没有提到造成肥胖者肥胖的原因。答案：B3．解析：词义猜测题。从上下文看，美国的肥胖男士所受经济影响不太严重，他们的年均收入大约比正常男士少3000美元。severe相当于serious，严重的。其他几项不合语境。答案：C4．解析：细节理解题。本文主要讲了肥胖者在婚姻、找工作及收入方面与正常人的差别。没有提及在智力、人权和教育等方面的问题。答案：DB篇5．解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“...mustmakedecisions—amatteroflifeordeath.”可知如果选择错了就会死掉。答案：A6．解析：细节理解题。根据“...animalsliveineverchangingenvironments...itisnotsurprisingtofindthatveryfewspeciesindeedwhollyupongeneticlearning.”这句可知每一代都生活在一直变化的环境中，所以很少生物完全依赖遗传性的学习。答案：B7．解析：推理判断题。因为遗传性学习的作用依赖于环境变化程度，所以环境变化小，那遗传性学习作用就大。答案：C8．解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“...areacompoundofindividualexperienceaddedtotheactionpatternsanimalsarebornwith.Thatiswhyanimalscansurvive.”可知物种的生存依赖于本能和生存经验。答案：AC篇9．解析：由文章第二段的．..butpovertyisundoubtedlyoneofthemaincauses可知A项为正确答案。答案：A10．解析：推断题。从文中第二段最后一句可推知。答案：D11．解析：猜测词义题。由第二段第二句至第三句可得出答案。答案：C12．解析：考查分析作者的态度、观点。文章介绍了导致人们homeless的几个原因，最后一段反问句的出现，都体现出作者对homelesspeople的同情。答案：AD篇13．解析：细节考查题。根据第一段的Beforetheex