2026年全国职称英语等级考试综合类(B级)试题及答案

2026年全国职称英语等级考试综合类(B级)试题及答案第一部分词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分）下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选出1个与画线部分意义最接近的答案。1.Thecommitteedecidedtopostponetheannualaudituntilthenewfiscalyearbegins.A.cancel B.delay C.shorten D.repeat答案：B2.Thejournalist’scandidremarksaboutthescandalsurprisedtheaudience.A.polite B.frank C.vague D.humorous答案：B3.Thenoveldepictstheprotagonist’sgradualdescentintosolitude.A.decline B.triumph C.escape D.recovery答案：A4.Thetechnicianrefilledthetonercartridgetoensureuninterruptedprinting.A.replaced B.replenished C.discarded D.inspected答案：B5.Thenewlegislationimposesstringentpenaltiesondatabreaches.A.mild B.flexible C.severe D.optional答案：C6.Themanagertriedtoappeasethedisgruntledclientwithapartialrefund.A.pacify B.ignore C.charge D.dismiss答案：A7.Theathlete’sstaminawasevidentinthefinallapofthemarathon.A.endurance B.speed C.balance D.height答案：A8.Thehistoriancitedanobscuremanuscripttosupportherthesis.A.famous B.ancient C.little-known D.translated答案：C9.Theabruptcancellationoftheflightstrandedhundredsofpassengers.A.sudden B.planned C.repeated D.minor答案：A10.Thespeakerreiteratedthemainpointsforclarity.A.recalled B.repeated C.reduced D.reversed答案：B11.Thechemistdistilledthecompoundtoobtainapuresample.A.diluted B.heated C.extracted D.cooled答案：C12.Thecoachcommendedtherookieforhistacticalawareness.A.scolded B.praised C.warned D.fined答案：B13.Theeconomistwarnedthatinflationmighterodepurchasingpower.A.enhance B.stabilize C.weaken D.restore答案：C14.Thediplomatsoughttofosterbilateraltraderelations.A.hinder B.promote C.examine D.suspend答案：B15.Thedetectivefoundasubtleclueembeddedinthewitness’sstatement.A.obvious B.hidden C.redundant D.irrelevant答案：B第二部分阅读判断（第16—22题，每题1分，共7分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。PassageIn2024,theEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA)launchedtheAeolus-IIsatellite,designedtomeasureglobalwindprofilesfromspaceusingultravioletlidar.Unlikeitspredecessor,Aeolus-IIcarriesanimprovedlasertransmitterthattriplesdatadensitywhileconsuming18%lesspower.Missionmanagersreportthatthenewdesignreducesmeasurementerrorby30%,enablingmeteorologiststoextendaccurateforecastrangefrom7to10days.Thesatellitefliesina400-kmdawn-duskorbit,completing15.5revolutionsperday.DataaredownlinkedtoSvalbardstationevery95minutes,processedinTromsøwithin12minutes,anddisseminatedfreeto82nationalweatherservices.Privateweatherfirmsmaypurchaseencryptedhigh-resolutionfeedsunderatieredlicensingscheme.ESAestimatesthatimprovedforecastswillsaveshippingandaviationindustries€450millionannuallyinfuelcosts.Themissionisscheduledtolast5years,withapossible2-yearextensionpendingbatteryperformance.16.Aeolus-IIisthefirstsatellitetomeasurewindprofilesfromspace.答案：B17.Thenewlasertransmitterconsumeslesspowerthanthepreviousone.答案：A18.Accurateforecastrangehasbeenextendedtotwoweeks.答案：B19.DataareprocessedinTromsøandthensenttonationalweatherservices.答案：A20.Privatecompaniescanaccessthedataonlyiftheypayforencryptionkeys.答案：A21.ThesatelliteorbitsEarthexactly16timesdaily.答案：B22.Missionextensiondependsonsolarpanelefficiency.答案：C第三部分概括大意与完成句子（第23—30题，每题1分，共8分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有两项测试任务：①第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为短文第2—5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；②第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。PassageParagraph1Urbanplannershavelongdebatedhowtoreconcilepopulationgrowthwithenvironmentalsustainability.Oneemergingstrategyisthe“15-minutecity,”wheredailynecessitiesliewithinaquarter-hourwalkorbikeride.Paragraph2Theconcepthingesonmixed-usezoningthatblendshousing,offices,clinics,gyms,andsmall-scaleretail.Bycurbinglengthycommutes,citiescuttransportemissionsandreclaimstreetsforpedestrians.Parishaspilotedthismodelsince2020,banningthrough-trafficonseveralaxesandconvertingparkingbaysintopocketparks.Paragraph3Criticsarguethattheapproachmayinflatelocalrentsbyincreasingdemandforcentralamenities.Tooffsetgentrification,municipalitiesreserve30%ofnewunitsforlow-incomehouseholdsandcapannualrentincreasesatinflationminus1%.Viennapairstheseruleswithcommunitylandtruststhatlocklandvalueforpublicbenefit.Paragraph4Digitaltoolsplayakeyrole.Aopen-sourcemaplayersreal-timedataonbikelanes,airquality,andvacantstorefronts,allowingresidentstolocateservicesquickly.Lisbon’scityappissues“greencoins”redeemableatfarmers’marketstocitizenswhologsustainabletrips,gamifyingcarbonreduction.Paragraph5Earlymetricsarepromising.InBarcelona’ssuperblocks,NO₂levelsdropped21%withintwoyears,whilelocalretailrevenuesrose8%.Surveysrevealthat72%ofseniorsreportimprovedmobility,andchildhoodasthmacasesfell14%.Still,expertscautionthatlong-termsuccessrequiresregionalraillinkstopreventspatialmismatchifjobsdecentralize.Task①23.Paragraph2  A.Digitalincentivesforgreenerhabits24.Paragraph3  B.Affordabilitysafeguardsamidrenewal25.Paragraph4  C.Zoninginnovationsthatshrinkcommutes26.Paragraph5  D.Healthandeconomicdividendsmeasured答案：23-C 24-B 25-A 26-DTask②27.Parisreducedcartrafficby______.28.Viennacontrolsgentrificationthrough______.29.Lisbonrewardscitizenswith______foreco-friendlytravel.30.Barcelona’ssuperblockslowered______pollutionsignificantly.选项E.banningthrough-trafficonmajorroadsF.communitylandtrustsandrentcapsG.greencoinsusableatmarketsH.convertingparkingintoparksI.NO₂levelsJ.mixed-usezoning答案：27-E 28-F 29-G 30-I第四部分阅读理解（第31—45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后有4个选项，请根据短文内容选出1个最佳答案。Passage1In2025,thePan-AmericanHealthOrganizationreportedthaturbannoiserankssecondonlytoairpollutionasapublic-healththreat.Chronicexposureabove55dB(A)atnightraisescortisollevels,increasinghypertensionriskby20%.Dr.LinaMoralesledalongitudinalstudyacrosseightAndeancities,tracking4,200residentsforfiveyears.Participantsworecalibrateddosimetersandsubmittedmonthlybloodsamples.Afteradjustingfordietandsmoking,thedatashowedthatevery5dB(A)risecorrespondedtoa3mmHgincreaseinsystolicpressure.Municipalitiesrespondedwith“quietasphalt,”aporousrubberizedbitumenthatabsorbs4dB(A).Combinedwithnocturnaltruckbans,theinterventionyieldeda7mmHgaveragedropamongresidentswithin18months.Theasphaltcosts12%moreupfrontbutlasts30%longer,offsettingexpensethroughreducedhealthcarespending.31.WhatwastheprimarypurposeofDr.Morales’sstudy?A.TocomparedietandsmokingimpactsonhearinglossB.ToquantifythelinkbetweennoiseandbloodpressureC.ToevaluatethedurabilityofquietasphaltD.Tolobbyfortruckrestrictions答案：B32.Whichgroupexperiencedthelargestblood-pressurereduction?A.ResidentsnearhighwayswithporousasphaltandtruckbansB.ParticipantswhochangedtheirdietC.SmokerswhomovedtoquieterdistrictsD.Controlsubjectsinruraltowns答案：A33.Howdoesquietasphaltreducenoise?A.ByreflectingsoundskywardB.ByabsorbingsoundenergyC.ByincreasingtirefrictionD.Byloweringspeedlimits答案：B34.Whateconomicargumentsupportsquietasphaltadoption?A.ItgeneratestourismrevenueB.Itreduceslong-termpublic-healthcostsC.ItincreasespropertytaxesD.Itqualifiesforcarboncredits答案：B35.WhichstatementisNOTsupportedbythepassage?A.Night-timenoiseabove55dB(A)isharmfulB.QuietasphaltischeaperthanconventionalasphaltC.CortisolisastresshormoneD.A5dB(A)riseelevatessystolicpressure答案：BPassage2Quantum-dotsolarcells(QDSCs)emergedin2023asarivaltosiliconpanels.Unlikebulksemiconductors,quantumdotsexhibitsize-tunablebandgaps,harvestinginfraredlightthatsiliconwastes.ARiceUniversityteamembeddedlead-sulfidedotsinaperovskitematrix,achieving18.1%efficiencyinlabcells.Scaling,however,facestwohurdles:dotaggregationandmoistureingress.Researchersaddedzwitterionicligandsthatkeepdots2.3nmapart,preventingclumping.Theyalsolaminatedagrapheneoxidefilmthatcutswater-vaportransmissionby94%.OutdoortestsinArizonashowedonly0.8%efficiencylossafter1,000hoursdamp-heat.At$0.04perwattprojectedmanufacturingcost,QDSCscouldundercutsiliconby30%,providedindium-freetransparentelectrodesreachcommercialmaturity.36.Whatadvantagedoquantumdotshaveoversilicon?A.HighermechanicalstrengthB.AbilitytouseinfraredlightC.LowercarbonfootprintinminingD.Fasterinstallationtime答案：B37.Whatpreventsquantumdotsfromclustering?A.PerovskitematrixB.GrapheneoxideC.ZwitterionicligandsD.Lead-sulfidecoating答案：C38.WhyisArizonamentioned?A.ItofferstaxincentivesB.IthashighhumidityfortestingC.ItprovidesintenseheatandmoistureD.Ithoststheworld’slargestsiliconplant答案：C39.WhatcostcomparisonisprojectedforQDSCs?A.4centsperwattversus6centsforsiliconB.30%cheaperthansiliconC.Equaltothin-filmCdTeD.50%moreexpensivethanorganics答案：B40.Whichhurdleremainsbeforecommercialrollout?A.Obtaininglead-sulfidesupplyB.ReplacingindiumelectrodesC.ReducinggraphenecostD.Licensingperovskitepatents答案：BPassage3Theglobalshortageofvanillaintensifiedin2025afterCycloneBelnaflattened28%ofMadagascar’splantations.Pricesspikedto745p41.Whattriggeredthe2025vanillapricesurge?A.DroughtinIndonesiaB.CycloneBelnainMadagascarC.TradesanctionsonUgandaD.Stock-marketspeculation答案：B42.HowdoesVanillaGreenincreasevanillinyield?A.AddingligninprecursorsB.UsinglargerbioreactorsC.CRISPRpathwayeditingD.UV-lightstimulation答案：C43.Whatenvironmentalbenefitiscitedforlabvanilla?A.92%lesslanduseB.68%lowercarbonemissionsC.ZeropesticideresidueD.50%renewableenergy答案：B44.Whatmeasureprotectsfarmersunderthehybridpremium?A.GuaranteedminimumpriceB.ExclusivesupplycontractsC.GovernmentsubsidiesD.Stockoptionsinbiotechfirms答案：A45.WhatcommercialoutcomeisreportedbyScandinaviandairies?A.11%riseinice-creamsalesB.30%costreductionC.ExportbanavoidanceD.Shelf-lifeextension答案：A第五部分补全短文（第46—50题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面的短文，短文后有5处空白，请从短文后所给的6个选项中选出5个正确答案，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。PassageTheriseofdigitaltwins—virtualreplicasofphysicalassets—hastransformedinfrastructuremaintenance.___46___By2025,thecityofRotterdammaintains1,200kmofstorm-sewersinsideacloud-basedtwin.Sensorsrelayflowrates,pipecorrosion,andsedimentbuild-upevery90seconds.___47___Whenthemodelpredictsa70%chanceofblockagewithin72hours,analgorithmschedulesaroboticcrawlerfortargetedcleaning,cuttingemergencycall-outsby28%.___48___Citizensaccessapublicdashboardshowingreal-timefloodrisk,whileinsurersofferdiscountstohomeownerswhoinstallcertifiedback-flowvalves.___49___Privacyadvocatescautionthatgranulardatacouldrevealhouseholdwater-usepatterns,soidentifiersarehashedatsource.___50___选项A.Machine-learningalgorithmscomparelivedataagainsthistoricalfailurecurvesB.Engineersinitiallybuilttwinsforjetengines,notcivicpipesC.ThetwinintegratesweatherforecastsandtidalsurgemodelsD.Thus,Rotterdamsaves€4millionannuallyinflooddamagesE.SimilartwinsareplannedforAmsterdam’scyclebridgesnextyearF.Dataencryptionkeysarestoredonablockchainledger答案：46-B 47-A 48-C 49-D 50-F第六部分完形填空（第51—65题，每题1分，共15分阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出4个选项，请选出1个最佳答案。PassageIn2026,thefirstcommercialhyperlooproute___51___passengersbetweenDubaiandAbuDhabiin28minutes.Capsuleslevitateinsidealow-pressuretube,___52___airresistanceby90%.Eachpodseats28passengersandreaches1,080km/h___53___linearinductionmotors.Safetyengineersinstalled___54___redundantbrakingsystems:magnetic,pneumatic,andmechanical.Shouldpowerfail,onboardsupercapacitorsstoreenoughenergyto___55___emergencylightingfor45minutes.Thetubeitselfislinedwithsolarpanelsthat___56___120%ofoperationalelectricity,feedingsurplusintothenationalgrid.Beforepublicservice,5,000volunteers___57___12,000testrides,revealingthat3%experiencedmildeardiscomfortduringacceleration.Designersaddedadjustableseatheadrestsand___58___cabinpressureat80kPa,equivalentto2,000maltitude,tominimizeear-popping.Ticketscost180dirhamsone-way,___59___tohigh-speedrail,yetsurveysshow68%businesstravelerspreferhyperloopforthe40-minutetimesaving.Environmentalauditsindicatethesystem___60___28gCO₂perpassenger-km,versus120gforflights.To