2026年研究生入学英语考试词汇与语法重点难点解析题集

2026年研究生入学英语考试词汇与语法重点难点解析题集一、选词填空（共5题，每题2分）directions:Thereare10blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblank,thereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hasbroughtbothopportunitiesandchallengestothemodernworkplace.Manyindustriesareundergoingsignificanttransformations,andthedemandforskilledprofessionalshasneverbeenhigher.Forinstance,thetechsector,particularlyincitieslikeShenzhenandShanghai,isboomingwithinnovationsinAIapplications.However,thisrapidgrowthalsocreatesaskillsgap,astraditionaljobrolesarebeingredefinedoreliminatedaltogether.Companiesarenowinvestingheavilyintrainingprogramstoupskilltheiremployees,ensuringtheyremaincompetitiveinanincreasinglyautomatedenvironment.Employees,ontheotherhand,mustbeproactiveinlearningnewtechnologiestostayrelevant.ThisincludesmasteringprogramminglanguageslikePythonandunderstandingdataanalytics.Thefutureofworkwilllikelybeshapedbythosewhocanadaptquicklytothesechanges,whethertheyareworkinginamultinationalcorporationorastartupinSiliconValley.ThekeyisnotjusttechnicalproficiencybutalsotheabilitytothinkcriticallyandcreativelyinanAI-drivenworld.1.Thetechsector,particularlyincitieslikeShenzhenandShanghai,is______withinnovationsinAIapplications.A.floodedB.overwhelmedC.filledD.covered2.Thisrapidgrowthalsocreatesa______,astraditionaljobrolesarebeingredefinedoreliminatedaltogether.A.deficitB.surplusC.gapD.shortage3.Companiesarenowinvestingheavilyintrainingprogramsto______theiremployees.A.reskillB.upskillC.retrainD.requalify4.Employees,ontheotherhand,mustbe______inlearningnewtechnologiestostayrelevant.A.passiveB.proactiveC.reactiveD.stagnant5.Thefutureofworkwilllikelybeshapedbythosewhocanadaptquicklytothesechanges,whethertheyareworkingina______orastartupinSiliconValley.A.multinationalB.localC.regionalD.global6.Thekeyisnotjusttechnicalproficiencybutalsotheabilitytothink______andcreativelyinanAI-drivenworld.A.logicallyB.criticallyC.traditionallyD.systematically7.Manyindustriesareundergoingsignificant______,andthedemandforskilledprofessionalshasneverbeenhigher.A.transformationsB.changesC.modificationsD.alterations8.Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hasbroughtbothopportunitiesand______tothemodernworkplace.A.risksB.challengesC.obstaclesD.difficulties9.Forinstance,thetechsector,particularlyincitieslikeShenzhenandShanghai,is______withinnovationsinAIapplications.A.floodedB.overwhelmedC.filledD.covered10.Employees,ontheotherhand,mustbe______inlearningnewtechnologiestostayrelevant.A.passiveB.proactiveC.reactiveD.stagnant二、句子改错（共5题，每题2分）directions:EachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedpartsmarkedA,B,CandD.IdentifytheonethatisnotcorrectandmarkyouransweronAnswerSheet2.1.Thecompany'snewpolicywilltakeeffectfromnextmonthanditrequiresallemployeestofinishtheirprojectsontime.2.Shehasbeenworkinginthetechindustryforoverfiveyearsandsheisstillfindingitchallengingtoadapttothefastpace.3.Despitethecompany'seffortstoimproveproductivity,theoutputremainslowanditiscausingconcernamongthemanagementteam.4.Ifwehadknownaboutthedeadlineearlier,wewouldhavesubmittedthereportbylastweek.5.Theteamhasbeenworkingontheprojectforthreemonthsandtheyhavenotyetmadeanysignificantprogress.三、完形填空（共10题，每题1.5分）directions:Thereare10blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblank,thereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Theriseofrenewableenergysourceshasbeenatransformativeforceintheglobalenergylandscape.Solarandwindpower,inparticular,havegainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears,drivenbyadvancementsintechnologyandgrowingenvironmentalconcerns.Governmentsandprivatecompaniesareincreasinglyinvestinginthesesustainableenergysolutions,recognizingtheirlong-termbenefits.Forinstance,countrieslikeDenmarkandGermanyhavemadesubstantialprogressinintegratingwindandsolarpowerintotheirnationalgrids.However,thetransitiontorenewableenergyisnotwithoutitschallenges.Onemajorissueistheintermittencyofthesesources,assolarpowerisonlyavailableduringthedayandwindpowercanbeinconsistent.Toaddressthis,energystoragesolutionssuchasbatteriesarebecomingcrucial.CompanieslikeTeslaand宁德时代areleadingthewayindevelopingmoreefficientandcost-effectivebatterytechnologies.Additionally,theinfrastructureforrenewableenergyneedstobeexpandedtosupportthegrowingdemand.Thisincludesbuildingnewtransmissionlinesandupgradingexistingones.Theshifttorenewableenergyisalsocreatingnewjobopportunitiesinfieldslikeengineeringandmanufacturing.Astheworldmovestowardsamoresustainablefuture,theroleofrenewableenergywillonlycontinuetogrow,makingitacriticalareaoffocusforpolicymakersandindustryleaders.1.Theriseofrenewableenergysourceshasbeena______forceintheglobalenergylandscape.A.transformativeB.revolutionaryC.progressiveD.dynamic2.Solarandwindpower,inparticular,havegainedsignificant______inrecentyears,drivenbyadvancementsintechnologyandgrowingenvironmentalconcerns.A.tractionB.popularityC.adoptionD.acceptance3.Governmentsandprivatecompaniesareincreasinglyinvestinginthesesustainableenergysolutions,recognizingtheir______benefits.A.immediateB.long-termC.short-termD.temporary4.Forinstance,countrieslikeDenmarkandGermanyhavemadesubstantialprogressinintegratingwindandsolarpowerintotheirnational______.A.networksB.gridsC.systemsD.connections5.However,thetransitiontorenewableenergyisnotwithoutits______.A.advantagesB.benefitsC.challengesD.opportunities6.Onemajorissueistheintermittencyofthesesources,assolarpowerisonlyavailableduringthedayandwindpowercanbe______.A.consistentB.unreliableC.steadyD.predictable7.Toaddressthis,energystoragesolutionssuchasbatteriesarebecoming______.A.essentialB.optionalC.supplementaryD.secondary8.CompanieslikeTeslaand宁德时代areleadingthewayindevelopingmoreefficientandcost-effective______technologies.A.renewableB.sustainableC.energyD.battery9.Additionally,theinfrastructureforrenewableenergyneedstobeexpandedtosupportthegrowing______.A.demandB.supplyC.productionD.consumption10.Theshifttorenewableenergyisalsocreatingnewjobopportunitiesinfieldslike______andmanufacturing.A.engineeringB.researchC.agricultureD.healthcare四、阅读理解（共5题，每题2分）directions:Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hasbeenatransformativeforceinvariousindustries,particularlyinthetechsector.CompanieslikeGoogle,Microsoft,andIBMhavebeenattheforefrontofAIresearchanddevelopment,leadingtosignificantbreakthroughsinareassuchasnaturallanguageprocessing,computervision,andmachinelearning.Theseadvancementshavenotonlyimprovedefficiencybutalsocreatednewopportunitiesforinnovation.Forinstance,AI-poweredchatbotshaverevolutionizedcustomerservice,providing24/7supportandpersonalizedinteractions.Inthemedicalfield,AIalgorithmsarebeingusedtodiagnosediseasesmoreaccuratelyandefficiently,potentiallysavingcountlesslives.However,theriseofAIalsobringschallenges,suchasconcernsaboutjobdisplacementandethicalissuesrelatedtodataprivacy.AsAIcontinuestoevolve,itiscrucialforbusinessesandpolicymakerstoaddressthesechallengesproactively,ensuringthatthebenefitsofAIaresharedequitably.1.WhathasbeentheimpactofAIonthetechsector?A.Ithasledtojobdisplacement.B.Ithasimprovedefficiencyandcreatednewopportunities.C.Ithascausedethicalissues.D.Ithasreducedinnovation.2.WhichofthefollowingindustrieshasbeensignificantlyaffectedbyAI?A.AgricultureB.HealthcareC.EducationD.Finance3.WhataresomeofthechallengesassociatedwiththeriseofAI?A.Jobdisplacementandethicalissues.B.Improvedefficiencyandinnovation.C.Dataprivacyandtechnologicaladvancements.D.Enhancedcustomerserviceandpersonalizedinteractions.4.WhatistheroleofbusinessesandpolicymakersinaddressingAIchallenges?A.Ignoringthechallengesandfocusingoninnovation.B.Addressingjobdisplacementandethicalissuesproactively.C.EncouragingmoreAIresearchanddevelopment.D.ReducingtheuseofAItominimizechallenges.5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.AIhasrevolutionizedvariousindustries.B.AIhascausedjobdisplacement.C.AIhasethicalissues.D.AIhasimprovedefficiency.Passage2Theglobalautomotiveindustryisundergoingasignificanttransformation,drivenbytheriseofelectricvehicles(EVs)andadvancementsinautonomousdrivingtechnology.Traditionalautomakers,suchasTesla,Ford,andGeneralMotors,areinvestingheavilyinEVresearchanddevelopment,whilestartupslikeRivianandLucidMotorsaregainingtractioninthemarket.ThetransitiontoEVsisnotonlybeneficialfortheenvironmentbutalsopresentsnewopportunitiesforinnovation.Forinstance,EVsrequirelessmaintenancecomparedtotraditionalinternalcombustionenginevehicles,leadingtoloweroperationalcostsforconsumers.Additionally,theintegrationofautonomousdrivingtechnologyismakingEVssaferandmoreefficient.However,theshifttoEVsalsofaceschallenges,suchastheneedforarobustcharginginfrastructureandconcernsaboutbatterylifeandsafety.Astheautomotiveindustrycontinuestoevolve,itiscrucialforgovernmentsandbusinessestocollaborateinaddressingthesechallenges,ensuringasmoothtransitiontoamoresustainableandefficienttransportationsystem.1.Whatisthemainfocusoftheautomotiveindustry?A.Theriseofelectricvehiclesandautonomousdrivingtechnology.B.Thetraditionalinternalcombustionenginevehicles.C.Theneedforarobustcharginginfrastructure.D.Theconcernsaboutbatterylifeandsafety.2.WhichofthefollowingcompaniesisnotmentionedasinvestinginEVresearchanddevelopment?A.TeslaB.FordC.GeneralMotorsD.Rivian3.Whataresomeofthebenefitsofelectricvehicles?A.Highermaintenancecostsandlongeroperationallife.B.Lessmaintenanceandloweroperationalcosts.C.Morecomplextechnologyandhigherefficiency.D.Saferandmoreefficientdrivingexperience.4.Whataresomeofthechallengesassociatedwiththetransitiontoelectricvehicles?A.Theneedforarobustcharginginfrastructureandconcernsaboutbatterylifeandsafety.B.Theriseoftraditionalinternalcombustionenginevehicles.C.Theintegrationofautonomousdrivingtechnology.D.Theloweroperationalcostsforconsumers.5.Whatistheroleofgovernmentsandbusinessesinaddressingthechallengesofthetransitiontoelectricvehicles?A.Ignoringthechallengesandfocusingoninnovation.B.Collaboratingtoensureasmoothtransitiontoamoresustainabletransportationsystem.C.Encouragingmoreresearchanddevelopmentintraditionalvehicles.D.Reducingtheinvestmentinelectricvehiclestominimizechallenges.五、翻译（共5题，每题2分）directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1.随着人工智能的快速发展，许多传统行业正在经历重大变革。2.企业需要投资于员工培训，以确保他们在自动化环境中保持竞争力。3.政府和私营公司正在越来越多地投资于可持续能源解决方案，认识到其长期效益。4.为了应对这些挑战，能源存储解决方案，如电池，正变得越来越重要。5.随着世界向更可持续的未来转变，可再生能源的作用将只会继续增长。答案与解析一、选词填空1.A.flooded（淹没，充满）解析：此处指深圳和上海等地的科技行业被人工智能的创新应用所充满。2.C.gap（差距）解析：此处指快速增长也造成了技能差距，传统的工作角色被重新定义或完全消除。3.B.upskill（提升技能）解析：此处指公司现在正在大量投资于培训计划来提升员工的技能。4.B.proactive（积极的）解析：此处指员工另一方面必须积极主动地学习新技术以保持相关性。5.A.multinational（跨国）解析：此处指那些可以在跨国公司工作的人，无论是在硅谷的初创公司。6.B.critically（批判性地）解析：此处指关键不仅仅是技术能力，还需要在人工智能驱动世界中批判性地思考。7.A.transformations（转型）解析：此处指许多行业正在经历重大转型，对熟练专业人才的需求从未如此高。8.B.challenges（挑战）解析：此处指人工智能的快速发展给现代职场带来了机遇和挑战。9.A.flooded（淹没，充满）解析：此处指深圳和上海等地的科技行业被人工智能的创新应用所充满。10.B.proactive（积极的）解析：此处指员工另一方面必须积极主动地学习新技术以保持相关性。二、句子改错1.A.Thecompany'snewpolicywilltakeeffectfromnextmonth,anditrequiresallemployeestofinishtheirprojectsontime.解析：此处应将and改为逗号，因为前后两个句子之间是并列关系。2.B.Shehasbeenworkinginthetechindustryforoverfiveyears,andsheisstillfindingitchallengingtoadapttothefastpace.解析：此处应将and改为逗号，因为前后两个句子之间是并列关系。3.C.Despitethecompany'seffortstoimproveproductivity,theoutputremainslow,anditiscausingconcernamongthemanagementteam.解析：此处应将and改为逗号，因为前后两个句子之间是并列关系。4.D.Ifwehadknownaboutthedeadlineearlier,wewouldhavesubmittedthereportbylastweek.解析：此处句子结构正确。5.E.Theteamhasbeenworkingontheprojectforthreemonths,andtheyhavenotyetmadeanysignificantprogress.解析：此处应将they改为it，因为team通常被视为单数。三、完形填空1.A.transformative解析：此处指可再生能源的兴起对全球能源格局产生了变革性的影响。2.A.traction解析：此处指太阳能和风能在近年来获得了显著的势头，这是由技术进步和日益增长的环境关注驱动的。3.B.long-term解析：此处指政府和私营公司越来越多地投资于这些可持续能源解决方案，认识到其长期效益。4.B.grids解析：此处指丹麦和德国等国家在将风能和太阳能整合到其国家电网方面取得了重大进展。5.C.challenges解析：此处指向可再生能源的转变并非没有挑战。6.B.unreliable解析：此处指太阳能仅在白天可用，风能可能不稳定。7.A.essential解析：此处指为了应对这一挑战，储能解决方案，如电池，正变得越来越重要。8.D.battery解析：此处指特斯拉和宁德时代等公司在开发更高效、更具成本效益的电池技术方面处于领先地位。9.A.demand解析：此处指可再生能源的基础设施需要扩展以支持不断增长的需求。10.A.engineeri