2026年研究生英语阅读理解与写作模拟题

2026年研究生英语阅读理解与写作模拟题第一部分：阅读理解（共4题，每题2分，合计8分）Passage1(2分)题目：TheRiseofRenewableEnergyinEastAsia文章内容：Inrecentyears,EastAsiancountriessuchasChina,Japan,andSouthKoreahavemadesignificantstridesinrenewableenergyadoption.China,withitsvastsolarandwindresources,hasbecometheworld’slargestproducerofsolarpanelsandwindturbines.Japan,facingenergysecuritychallengesaftertheFukushimadisaster,hasaggressivelypromotednuclearenergywhilealsoinvestingingeothermalandbiomass.SouthKorea,meanwhile,hasfocusedonoffshorewindfarmsandhydrogenfuelcells.Theseeffortshavenotonlyreducedcarbonemissionsbutalsocreatedneweconomicopportunities.However,challengesremain,includinghighinitialcosts,gridintegrationissues,andtheneedforadvancedtechnology.Despitethesehurdles,theregion’scommitmenttorenewableenergyisexpectedtoaccelerateinthecomingdecades.问题：WhatistheprimaryreasonJapanpromotesnuclearenergy?A)Toreducerelianceonfossilfuels.B)Tomeetinternationalclimateagreements.C)Toboostitsnuclearindustry’sprofits.D)Toreplacecoal-poweredplants.答案：A解析：根据文章第二句，日本在福岛核事故后面临能源安全问题，因此积极推广核能以减少对化石燃料的依赖。选项A正确。Passage2(2分)题目：UrbanizationandSmartCitiesinIndia文章内容：India’srapidurbanizationhasbroughtbothopportunitiesandchallenges.CitieslikeMumbai,Delhi,andBangalorearegrowingatanunprecedentedrate,straininginfrastructureandresources.Toaddresstheseissues,theIndiangovernmenthaslaunchedinitiativessuchas“SmartCitiesMission,”whichaimstoimproveurbanlivingthroughtechnology.SmartsolutionsincludeAI-driventrafficmanagement,IoT-basedwastedisposalsystems,anddigitalhealthplatforms.However,criticsarguethatsuchprojectsoftenbenefitaffluentareaswhileneglectingrural-urbandisparities.Moreover,privacyconcernsandcybersecurityrisksloomlargeascitiesbecomemoredigitized.问题：WhatisakeycriticismoftheSmartCitiesMission?A)Itistooexpensivetoimplement.B)Itdisproportionatelybenefitsruralareas.C)Itraisesprivacyandsecurityissues.D)Itlackspublicparticipation.答案：C解析：根据文章第四段，批评者指出智能城市项目在数字化过程中引发了隐私和网络安全问题。选项C正确。Passage3(2分)题目：TheImpactofE-commerceonSmallBusinessesinSoutheastAsia文章内容：E-commercehastransformedtheretaillandscapeinSoutheastAsia,offeringbothbenefitsandthreatstosmallbusinesses.CountrieslikeSingapore,Thailand,andVietnamhaveseenexponentialgrowthinonlineshopping,withplatformslikeLazadaandShopeedominatingthemarket.Whilelargerretailersleveragedigitalmarketingandlogisticsnetworks,smallbusinessesstrugglewithlimitedresourcesandcompetition.However,somehaveadaptedbyfocusingonnichemarkets,offeringpersonalizedservices,andcollaboratingwithinfluencers.Policymakersarealsoencouraginggovernment-backede-commerceprogramstoleveltheplayingfield.问题：HowdosmallbusinessesinSoutheastAsiacopewithe-commercecompetition?A)Byexpandingtheirphysicalstores.B)Bytargetingspecificcustomergroups.C)Byignoringonlineplatforms.D)Byincreasingpricestodetercompetitors.答案：B解析：根据文章第三段，部分小企业通过专注细分市场来应对竞争。选项B正确。Passage4(2分)题目：ClimateChangeandAgriculturalProductivityinAfrica文章内容：Africaisoneofthemostvulnerableregionstoclimatechange,withmanycountriesfacingextremeweatherevents,droughts,andsoildegradation.Agriculture,whichemploysover60%ofthecontinent’sworkforce,isseverelyaffected.However,innovativesolutionsareemerging.Forinstance,Nigeriahasintroducedclimate-resilientcrops,whileKenyahasdeployedmobileappsforweatherforecasting.Thesetechnologieshelpfarmersoptimizeplantingschedulesandreducecroplosses.Yet,lackoffundingandtechnicalexpertiseremainsamajorobstacle.Internationalcollaborationsandgreenfinancingarecriticaltosustainableagriculturaldevelopment.问题：WhattechnologyhelpsKenyanfarmersadapttoclimatechange?A)Damstostorewater.B)Mobileappsforweatherupdates.C)Geneticallymodifiedseeds.D)Automatedtractors.答案：B解析：根据文章第三句，肯尼亚使用手机应用程序进行天气预报，帮助农民应对气候变化。选项B正确。第二部分：写作（共2题，合计20分）写作任务1（10分）题目：Writeanessayofatleast150wordsdiscussingtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofremotework.Youressayshouldclearlypresentyourownposition.参考范文：Remoteworkhasbecomeincreasinglypopular,especiallyaftertheCOVID-19pandemic.Ononehand,itoffersflexibility,allowingemployeestobalanceworkandpersonallifemoreeffectively.Italsoreducescommutingtimeandcosts,andcompaniescansaveonofficespace.However,remoteworkalsohasdrawbacks.Forinstance,itmayleadtoisolationandlackofteamcollaboration.Someemployeesstrugglewithtimemanagementandmotivationwithoutdirectsupervision.Additionally,digitaldivideissuespersist,asnoteveryonehasaccesstoreliableinternetorquietworkingenvironments.Inmyview,whileremoteworkprovidesconvenience,itisnotsuitableforalljobsorpersonalities.Ahybridmodelthatcombinesofficeandremoteworkcouldbethebestsolution,asitleveragesthebenefitsofbothsettings.写作任务2（10分）题目：Somepeoplebelievethatgovernmentsshouldinvestmoreinpublictransportationratherthanhighways.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.参考范文：Thedebateoverwhethergovernmentsshouldprioritizepublictransportationoverhighwaysisapressingissue.Proponentsofpublictransportarguethatinvestinginbuses,trains,andsubwaysreducestrafficcongestion,lowerspollution,andimprovesaccessibilityforlow-incomeindividuals.Moreover,well-deve