2026年国际贸易实务英语考试题库

2026年国际贸易实务英语考试题库Part1:MultipleChoice(单项选择题)共10题，每题2分，总计20分1.WhichIncotermstermismostsuitableforasellertotransferriskstoabuyerwhenthegoodsareplacedonboardavesselattheportofshipment?A)EXWB)FOBC)CIFD)DDP2.Inaletterofcredit(L/C),whatdoes"sightpayment"mean?A)PaymentupondeliveryofgoodsB)Paymentafter30daysfrominvoicedateC)Paymentatthebuyer'sconvenienceD)Paymentuponpresentationofcompliantdocuments3.Whichofthefollowingisacommondocumentrequiredforinternationalseafreight?A)BillofLadingB)PurchaseOrderC)SalesContractD)Invoice(only)4.UndertheHarmonizedSystem(HS),whichcodeisusedtoclassifygoodslike"smartphones"?A)8471B)8500C)9013D)40065.IfabuyerinGermanyclaimsthatthedeliveredgoodsdonotmeettheagreedspecificationsunderaCIPcontract,whoisprimarilyresponsible?A)TheshippingcompanyB)TheinsurancecompanyC)ThesellerD)Thebuyer6.WhichpaymentmethodisleastriskyforasellerinaB2Btransactionwithanewbuyer?A)LetterofCredit(L/C)B)CashinAdvance(CIA)C)OpenAccount(O/A)D)DocumentaryCollection(D/P)7.WhichtradepolicydoestheU.S.currentlyimplementtoencourageexportstoSoutheastAsia?A)Section301tariffsB)TradeAdjustmentAssistance(TAA)C)PreferentialDuty-FreeQuotasD)Anti-DumpingDuties8.InaFCA(FreeCarrier)term,theseller’sobligationendswhen:A)Goodsareloadedontothebuyer’struckB)Goodsaredeliveredatthebuyer’spremisesC)Goodsareshippedfromtheseller’swarehouseD)Goodsarecustomsclearedattheportofshipment9.Whichorganizationregulatesinternationaltraderulesanddisputeresolution?A)WTOB)IMFC)WorldBankD)UNCTAD10.Ifacontractspecifies"FOBShanghai,China,"whoisresponsibleforloadingthegoodsontothevessel?A)ThebuyerB)ThesellerC)TheshippinglineD)ThecustomsauthorityPart2:TrueorFalse(判断题)共5题，每题2分，总计10分1.UndertheIncoterms2020rules,theterm"DAP"requiresthesellertoclearcustomsforimport.(True/False)2.Aproformainvoiceislegallybindingininternationaltrade.(True/False)3.TheU.S.CustomsandBorderProtection(CBP)doesnothaveauthorityoverexports.(True/False)4.InaCIFcontract,thebuyerisresponsibleforpayingforinsurance.(True/False)5.TheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)has164membercountriesasof2026.(True/False)Part3:FillintheBlanks(填空题)共5题，每题2分，总计10分1.Underthe________Incoterms,thesellerdeliversgoodswhentheyareplacedatthedisposalofthebuyer,clearedforexport,butwithoutloadingthemontoanymeansoftransport.(Answer:EXW)2.A________isawrittendocumentissuedbythebankguaranteeingpaymenttotheselleruponpresentationofcompliantdocuments.(Answer:StandbyLetterofCredit)3.The________codeisa10-digitnumberusedtoclassifycommoditiesundertheHSsystem.(Answer:HS)4.Ina________contract,thesellerpaysfortransportationandinsuranceofgoods.(Answer:CIP)5.The________clauseinacontractspecifiestheexactdateandlocationfordelivery.(Answer:Delivery)Part4:ShortAnswerQuestions(简答题)共3题，每题5分，总计15分1.ExplainthekeydifferencesbetweenFOBandCIFintermsofrisktransferandcostburden.2.Describethreecommontradebarriersthatbusinessesfaceininternationaltransactions.3.Howdoesaletterofcredit(L/C)reducecreditriskforboththesellerandthebuyer?Part5:EssayQuestion(论述题)1题，15分Discusstheimpactofgeopoliticaltensions(e.g.,U.S.-Chinatradewar,EUsanctions)onglobalsupplychainmanagement.Includeexamplesofhowcompaniesadapttothesechallenges,suchasdiversifyingsuppliersorusingalternativeIncoterms.答案与解析Part1:MultipleChoice1.C(CIFtransfersrisktothebuyerwhengoodsareonboardthevessel.)2.D(Sightpaymentmeansimmediatepaymentupondocumentpresentation.)3.A(BillofLadingisessentialforseafreight.)4.B(8500istheHScodeforelectronicequipment.)5.C(ThesellerisresponsibleunderCIPcontracts.)6.A(L/Cisthesafestforsellers.)7.C(Preferentialduty-freequotasareusedinSoutheastAsia.)8.A(FCAendswhengoodsarehandedtothecarrier.)9.A(WTOgovernstraderulesanddisputes.)10.B(FOBplacesloadingresponsibilityontheseller.)Part2:TrueorFalse1.False(DAPrequiressellertodeliveratthedestination,includingcustomsclearance.)2.False(Proformainvoiceisfornegotiation,notlegalbinding.)3.False(CBPoverseesbothimportsandexports.)4.False(InsuranceispaidbythesellerunderCIF.)5.True(WTOhad164membersin2026.)Part3:FillintheBlanks1.EXW2.StandbyLetterofCredit3.HS4.CIP5.DeliveryPart4:ShortAnswerQuestions1.DifferencesBetweenFOBandCIF:-RiskTransfer:FOBtransfersrisktothebuyerwhengoodsareloadedontothevessel;CIFtransfersrisktothebuyerwhengoodsareonboard.-CostBurden:UnderFOB,thebuyerpaysforshippingandinsurance;underCIF,thesellercoversthesecosts.2.TradeBarriers:-Tariffs:Taxesimposedbygovernmentsonimportedgoods(e.g.,U.S.tariffsonChinesesteel).-Non-TariffBarriers:Quotas,embargoes,orregulatoryrestrictions(e.g.,EU’sREACHchemicalsregulation).-TradeWars:Retaliatorymeasuresbetweencountries(e.g.,U.S.-Chinatariffsleadingtodisruptedelectronicssupplychains).3.L/CandCreditRiskReduction:-Seller’sProtection:Paymentisguaranteedbythebank,reducingriskofnon-payment.-Buyer’sProtection:Goodsareshippedonlyifpaymenttermsaremet,avoidingfraud.Part5:EssayQuestionImpactofGeopoliticalTensionsonSupplyChains:Geopoliticaltensions,suchastheU.S.-ChinatradewarandEUsanctions,havereshapedglobalsupplychains.Companiesfacedisruptionsduetotariffs,exportcontrols,andlogisti