②寒假预习-第04讲 必修三 Unit2 课文学习-知识点讲练（学生版）2025年高一英语寒假衔接讲练 (人教版)

第04讲新课学习必修第二册Unit2（课文学习&知识讲解）模块一思维导图串知识模块二基础知识全梳理模块三教材习题学解题模块四核心考点精准练模块五小试牛刀过关测VocabularyMasterwordslike"carry","majority","complain",etc.forfluentexpression.SentencePatternsGrasp"nothingis+comp.than",independentnominative,and"neither...nor...".GrammarUnderstandpresentparticiple'suseasadverbialandobjectcomplementprecisely.CulturalAwarenessAbsorbmoralvaluesandvirtueswithintext,enhanceculturalsensitivity.高频词汇1.carry用法：carrysb.throughsth.帮助某人渡过难关；使某人熬过（困难时期）。例如：Hisunwaveringbeliefcarriedhimthroughthedarkestdaysofhislife.（他坚定的信念使他熬过了生命中最黑暗的日子。）拓展：carryon(with/doingsth.)：继续（做某事）。例如：Despitethedifficulties,theycarriedonwiththeirresearch.（尽管困难重重，他们仍继续他们的研究。）carryout：执行；实施；落实。例如：Theteamcarriedouttheplanmeticulously.（团队一丝不苟地执行了这个计划。）2.majority用法：n.大部分；大多数。当“themajorityof+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于of后面的名词。若名词为复数，则谓语动词用复数；若名词为不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数。例如：Themajorityofthestudentsareenthusiasticabouttheschooltrip.（大多数学生对学校旅行充满热情。）例如：Themajorityofthewaterinthelakeispolluted.（湖中的大部分水被污染了。）拓展：major：作为形容词时，意为主要的；重要的；大的。例如：Thisisamajorbreakthroughinmedicalresearch.（这是医学研究中的一个重大突破。）作为动词时，意为主修；专攻。例如：Shemajorsininternationalrelations.（她主修国际关系。）minority：意为少数（人）；少数民族。例如：Onlyaminorityofthepopulationholdsthisview.（只有少数人持有这种观点。）3.complain用法：vi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚；投诉。complain(tosb.)of/aboutsth.：例如：Hecomplainedtothemanagerofthepoorserviceinthehotel.（他向经理抱怨酒店服务差。）complain(tosb.)that...：例如：Shecomplainedtoherparentsthatherworkloadwastooheavy.（她向父母抱怨她的工作量太大。）拓展：“complaint”是名词，意为投诉；抱怨；诉苦。例如：Thecustomer'scomplaintwasdealtwithpromptly.（顾客的投诉得到了迅速处理。）常用短语“makeacomplaintabout...”（对……提出投诉）。例如：Theymadeacomplaintaboutthenoisefromtheconstructionsite.（他们对建筑工地的噪音提出投诉。）4.respond用法：vt.回答；回复；做出反应；回应。respondto...：例如：Thecompanyfailedtorespondtothecustomers'inquiriesinatimelymanner.（公司未能及时回复客户的询问。）respondto...withsth./bydoingsth.：例如：Thegovernmentrespondedtothecrisiswithaseriesofemergencymeasures.（政府以一系列紧急措施应对危机。）例如：Herespondedbywritingalongletterofexplanation.（他以写一封长信解释作为回应。）拓展：“response”是名词，意为回答；答复；反应；响应。例如：Inresponsetothepublic'sconcerns,thenewpolicywasadjusted.（作为对公众关切的回应，新政策进行了调整。）常用短语“inresponseto...”（作为对……的回应）。5.elect用法：vt.选举；推选；选择；决定。electsb.(as)...：例如：Theclubelectedhimasitsnewpresident.（俱乐部选他为新主席。）electsb.to...：例如：Shewaselectedtothecitycouncil.（她被选入市议会。）electtodosth.：例如：Theyelectedtopostponethemeeting.（他们决定推迟会议。）拓展：“election”是名词，意为选举；当选。例如：Thegeneralelectionisscheduledfornextmonth.（大选定于下个月举行。）6.tend用法：vt.照顾；照料。例如：Thekindnursetendedthewoundedsoldiersdayandnight.（这位善良的护士日夜照料受伤的士兵。）拓展：tendtowards/to...：趋向；趋于。例如：Theeconomytendstowardsaslowdown.（经济趋于放缓。）tendtodosth.：往往会做某事；易于做某事。例如：Hetendstobeforgetful.（他往往很健忘。）tendency：是名词，意为趋势；倾向；偏好。例如：Thereisagrowingtendencyforpeopletoworkfromhome.（人们在家工作的趋势日益增长。）7.scared用法：adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的。bescaredof(doing)sth.：例如：Thelittlegirlisscaredofthedark.（小女孩害怕黑暗。）例如：Heisscaredofmakingmistakes.（他害怕犯错。）bescaredtodosth.：例如：Sheisscaredtospeakinpublic.（她不敢在公众场合讲话。）bescaredtodeath：吓得要死。例如：Whentheearthquakehit,theywerescaredtodeath.（地震发生时，他们吓得要死。）拓展：scare：作为动词，意为惊吓；使害怕。例如：Thehorrormoviescaredtheaudience.（这部恐怖电影吓坏了观众。）常用短语“scaresb.away/off”（把某人吓跑）。例如：Theloudnoisescaredthebirdsaway.（大噪音把鸟吓跑了。）scary：是形容词，意为恐怖的；可怕的。例如：Thatwasareallyscaryexperience.（那是一次非常可怕的经历。）8.replace用法：vt.接替；取代；更换。例如：Newtechnologyhasreplacedtraditionalmethodsinmanyindustries.（在许多行业中，新技术已经取代了传统方法。）拓展：“replacement”是名词，意为替换；替代品；接替者。例如：Weneedtofindareplacementforthebrokenmachine.（我们需要找到损坏机器的替代品。）其他“代替……”的表达有：“taketheplaceof...”。例如：Renewableenergyisgraduallytakingtheplaceoffossilfuels.（可再生能源正在逐渐取代化石燃料。）“insteadof...”。例如：I'llhaveasaladinsteadoffries.（我要一份沙拉而不是薯条。）9.operation用法：n.手术；企业；经营。haveanoperationon...：例如：Hehadanoperationonhisheartlastyear.（他去年做了心脏手术。）inoperation：运转中；生效；实施中。例如：Thenewfactoryisnowinoperation.（新工厂现在已投入运营。）comeintooperation：开始运转；生效。例如：Thenewlawwillcomeintooperationnextweek.（新法律下周开始生效。）put...intooperation：使……运转；实施……。例如：Thecompanyputthenewproductionlineintooperation.（公司使新生产线投入运转。）拓展：operate：作为动词，意为操作；运转；工作；经营；动手术。例如：Canyouoperatethiscomplexequipment?（你能操作这台复杂的设备吗？）例如：Thecompanyoperatesglobally.（这家公司在全球运营。）例如：Thesurgeonwilloperateonthepatienttomorrow.（外科医生明天给病人动手术。）operator：是名词，意为电话接线员；操作人员。例如：Theoperatorconnectedmetotherightdepartment.（接线员把我接到了正确的部门。）10.whisper用法：vi.&vt.悄声说；耳语；低语；传言；谣传。whispersth.tosb.：例如：Shewhisperedasecrettoherbestfriend.（她悄悄地把一个秘密告诉了她最好的朋友。）whisperaboutsth.：例如：Thestudentswerewhisperingabouttheupcomingexam.（学生们在悄悄谈论即将到来的考试。）Itiswhisperedthat...：例如：Itiswhisperedthatthefamousactorisgettingmarried.（据传这位著名演员要结婚了。）inawhisper=inwhispers：低声地；悄声地。例如：Theyweretalkinginwhisperssoasnottowakethebaby.（他们低声交谈以免吵醒婴儿。）11.assist用法：vt.帮助；援助。assist(sb.)with/insth.：例如：Thevolunteersassistedtheoldpeoplewiththeirdailychores.（志愿者帮助老人做日常琐事。）例如：Heassistedintheorganizationoftheevent.（他协助组织了这次活动。）assistsb.indoing/todosth.：例如：Thetutorassistedthestudentinimprovinghiswritingskills.（导师帮助学生提高写作技能。）例如：Thecoachassistedtheathletetobreaktherecord.（教练帮助运动员打破纪录。）拓展：assistance：是名词，意为帮助。例如：Withtheassistanceofmoderntechnology,wecansolvemanyproblemsmoreeasily.（借助现代技术，我们可以更轻松地解决许多问题。）常用短语“cometoone'sassistance”（帮助某人）。例如：WhenIlostmyway,akindstrangercametomyassistance.（当我迷路时，一个好心的陌生人来帮助我。）assistant：作为名词，意为助理；助手。例如：Myassistantwillhandlethedetails.（我的助手会处理细节。）作为形容词，意为助理的；副的。例如：Heisanassistantprofessor.（他是一名助理教授。）12.memory用法：n.记忆力；回忆。inmemoryof...：为了纪念……。例如：Themonumentwasbuiltinmemoryoftheheroeswhosacrificedthemselves.（这座纪念碑是为了纪念牺牲的英雄们而建的。）haveagood/badmemoryfor...：例如：Hehasagoodmemoryforhistoricalevents.（他对历史事件记忆力很好。）in/withinone'smemory：例如：Thisisthemostseverestorminmymemory.（这是我记忆中最严重的风暴。）frommemory：例如：Theoldmanrecitedthepoemfrommemory.（老人凭记忆背诵了这首诗。）拓展：“memorize”是动词，意为记住；记忆。例如：Youshouldmemorizethesekeypointsfortheexam.（你应该记住这些考试要点。）13.tear用法：n.眼泪；泪水。intears：流着泪；含着泪；哭着。例如：Themotherwasintearswhensheheardthenewsaboutherson.（母亲听到儿子的消息时哭了。）burstintotears：突然大哭起来。例如：Thechildburstintotearswhenhecouldn'tfindhistoy.（孩子找不到玩具时突然大哭起来。）bemovedtotears：感动得流泪。例如：Theaudiencewasmovedtotearsbythetouchingperformance.（观众被感人的表演感动得流泪。）拓展：“tear”作为动词，意为撕裂；撕碎。例如：Hetoretheenvelopeopenimpatiently.（他不耐烦地撕开了信封。）常用短语“teardown”（拆除；拆掉）。例如：Theoldbuildingwastorndowntomakewayforanewone.（旧建筑被拆除以便建造新的。）“tearup”（撕毁；撕碎）。例如：Shetoreuptheletterinanger.（她生气地撕毁了信。）14.harm用法：n.&vt.伤害；损害。doharmto...：例如：Excessivedrinkingdoesgreatharmtoone'sliver.（过度饮酒对肝脏有很大损害。）cause...harm：例如：Theaccidentcausedseriousharmtohisphysicalandmentalhealth.（这次事故对他的身心健康造成了严重伤害。）meannoharm：没有恶意。例如：Imeannoharm.Ijustwanttogiveyousomeadvice.（我没有恶意。我只是想给你一些建议。）thereisnoharmindoingsth.：做某事没有坏处。例如：Thereisnoharmintryingnewthings.（尝试新事物没有坏处。）拓展：harmful：是形容词，意为有害的。例如：Pollutionisharmfultotheenvironmentandhumanhealth.（污染对环境和人类健康有害。）harmless：是形容词，意为无害的；无恶意的。例如：It'sjustaharmlessjoke.Don'ttakeittooseriously.（这只是一个无害的玩笑。别太当真。）重点句型1.nothingis+形容词比较级+than....用法：该结构表示“没有什么比……更……”，用比较级的形式来表达最高级的含义。than后面可以接名词、代词或不定式。例如：Nothingismorepreciousthantime.（没有什么比时间更珍贵。）拓展：其他用比较级表示最高级的结构还有：“比较级+thananyother+可数名词单数”。例如：Thisbuildingistallerthananyotherbuildinginthecity.（这座建筑比城市里任何其他建筑都高。）“比较级+thantheother+可数名词复数”。例如：Thisbookismoreinterestingthantheotherbooksontheshelf.（这本书比书架上其他的书都有趣。）2.独立主格结构用法：当现在分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，就需要把其逻辑主语放在前面，构成独立主格结构。独立主格结构的逻辑主语常由名词或主格代词充当，其作用相当于一个状语从句，可用来表示原因、时间、条件、方式、伴随或补充说明等情况。例如：Therainhavingstopped,wecontinuedourjourney.（雨停了之后，我们继续旅程。）这里“Therain”是“havingstopped”的逻辑主语，该结构表示时间，相当于“Aftertherainstopped”。拓展：独立主格结构还有其他形式，如：名词/主格代词+过去分词。例如：Thetaskfinished,wefeltasenseofaccomplishment.（任务完成后，我们有一种成就感。）“Thetask”是“finished”的逻辑主语，表示时间上的先后顺序，相当于“Afterthetaskwasfinished”。名词/主格代词+不定式。例如：Somestudentstohelp,theteacherfinishedtheprojectquickly.（有一些学生帮忙，老师很快完成了项目。）“Somestudentstohelp”表示补充说明。3.neither...nor...用法：“neither...nor...”意为“既不……也不……”，常用来连接两个并列的成分，如两个名词、代词、形容词、动词等。当连接两个主语时，谓语动词要遵循“就近原则”，即与靠近谓语动词的那个主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如：Neithertheteachernorthestudentsaresatisfiedwiththeresult.（老师和学生都对结果不满意。）这里靠近谓语动词“are”的主语是“thestudents”，所以谓语用“are”。如果连接的是两个并列分句，且位于句首时，要用部分倒装结构，即把助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语前面。例如：Neitherdoeshelikereading,nordoeshelikewriting.（他既不喜欢阅读，也不喜欢写作。）拓展：表达“也不……”的倒装句还可以用“neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语”。例如：Ican'tplaythepiano.Neithercanmysister.（我不会弹钢琴。我妹妹也不会。）语法精讲1.现在分词(短语)作状语(1)基本用法：逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，且和主语是主动关系。它能表示多种逻辑关系。时间关系：例如：Enteringtheroom,Isawabeautifulbouquetofflowers.（走进房间的时候，我看到了一束漂亮的花。）相当于WhenIenteredtheroom,Isawabeautifulbouquetofflowers.原因关系：例如：Knowinghishonesty,Itrustedhimcompletely.（因为知道他很诚实，所以我完全信任他。）这里“Knowinghishonesty”是原因状语，相当于BecauseIknewhishonesty.条件关系：例如：Workinghard,youwillachieveyourgoals.（如果努力工作，你将会实现你的目标。）相当于Ifyouworkhard,youwillachieveyourgoals.让步关系：例如：Admittingwhathesaid,Istillthinkheiswronginsomeways.（尽管承认他说的话，但我仍然认为他在某些方面是错的。）相当于AlthoughIadmitwhathesaid,Istillthinkheiswronginsomeways.伴随关系：例如：Laughingandtalking,thechildrenwalkedtoschool.（孩子们笑着、说着走向学校。）“Laughingandtalking”表示伴随的动作，和“walked”同时发生。结果关系：例如：Thestormlastedfordays,causinggreatdamagetothecrops.（暴风雨持续了好几天，给庄稼造成了巨大的损害。）“causinggreatdamagetothecrops”是“暴风雨持续好几天”导致的结果。(2)注意事项：时态形式：一般式（doing）：表示和谓语动词同时发生或几乎同时发生。例如：Hearingthenews,shejumpedwithjoy.（听到这个消息，她高兴得跳了起来。）“听到消息”和“跳起来”几乎同时发生。完成式（havingdone）：表示在谓语动词之前发生。例如：HavingvisitedParismanytimes,heknewthecityverywell.（因为去过巴黎很多次，所以他对这个城市非常了解。）“去过巴黎很多次”这个动作在“对这个城市非常了解”之前。语态形式：主动式（doing和havingdone）：例如：Takingawalkinthepark,Ienjoyedthefreshair.（我在公园散步，享受着新鲜空气。）“Takingawalk”是主动动作，逻辑主语是I。被动式（beingdone和havingbeendone）：例如：Beingpraisedbytheteacher,hefeltalittleshy.（被老师表扬的时候，他感觉有点害羞。）“Beingpraised”是被动动作，逻辑主语是he。例如：Havingbeeninvitedtotheparty,shepreparedanicegift.（已经被邀请参加聚会后，她准备了一份精美的礼物。）“Havingbeeninvited”是完成时的被动，强调“被邀请”这个动作先完成。独立主格结构：当现在分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时，在现在分词短语前加上逻辑主语构成独立主格结构。例如：Themeetingbeingover,alltheparticipantslefttheroom.（会议结束后，所有与会者都离开了房间。）“Themeeting”是“beingover”的逻辑主语，和句子主语“alltheparticipants”不同。2.现在分词(短语)作宾语补足语用法：用于感官动词（如see、hear、feel、watch、notice等）和使役动词（如have、get、leave、keep等）后，表示宾语正在进行的动作或状态。感官动词后：例如：Isawaboyrunningontheplayground.（我看见一个男孩正在操场上跑步。）“running”作“aboy”的宾语补足语，说明“男孩”正在进行“跑步”这个动作。例如：Sheheardsomeonesinginginthenextroom.（她听到有人在隔壁房间唱歌。）“singing”补充说明“有人”正在“唱歌”。使役动词后：例如：Thebosshadtheworkersworkingovertime.（老板让工人们加班。）“working”表示“工人们”正在进行“加班”这个动作。例如：Heleftthewaterrunning.（他让水一直流着。）“running”说明“水”的状态是“一直流着”。拓展：在“with的复合结构”中作宾语补足语，和宾语是主动关系。例如：Withthewindblowingstrongly,wehadtostayindoors.（因为风刮得很大，我们不得不待在室内。）“blowing”作“thewind”的宾语补足语，“thewind”和“blowing”是主动关系。提升练习(2019人教版英语必修三第18页)Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.feelwantfacesmilereturnworryhearknockfeelwantfacesmilereturnworryhearknock1.___________thathiswifehadbeeninjuredinanaccident,Mr.Johnsonhurriedtothehospital.2.Duringtheoperation,shesatinthewaitingroomforoveranhour___________abouthim.3.Isawherwhisperingsomethingintohisear,obviouslynot___________tobeheard.4.Hesuddenlywokeupatmidnightwhenheheardsomeone___________athisdoor.5.___________higherimportandexportcosts,thecompanyislookingforwaystosurvive.6.___________fromtheNorthPole,thetravelerwroteabookabouthisexperienceandhaditpublishedthefollowingyear.7.Thechildlayonhermother’slap,___________sweetly.8.___________hurtbytherejection,shebitherlipandquietlywalkedaway.核心考点1：carry1.（选择题）Thelovefromhisfamilycarriedhim______thehardtime.A.offB.throughC.outD.on2.（翻译题）他的友谊帮我熬过了孤独的日子。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空题）Weshouldcarry______ourplan.核心考点2：majority1.（选择题）The______ofpeoplelikemusic.A.majorB.majorityC.mostD.mainly2.（翻译题）大多数孩子都喜欢玩游戏。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空题）A______(major)ofthestudentsarehere.核心考点3：complain1.（选择题）Shecomplained______herteacherabouttoomuchhomework.A.toB.forC.withD.at2.（翻译题）他向父母抱怨学校的饭菜不好吃。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空题）Hecomplained______aheadache.核心考点4：respond1.（选择题）Theboyresponded______myquestionquickly.A.toB.forC.withD.at2.（翻译题）她用微笑回应了他的帮助。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空题）Therewasnoresponse______hisletter.核心考点5：elect1.（选择题）Weelectedhim______ourleader.A.asB.forC.toD.with2.（翻译题）他们选举了一位新班长。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空题）Hewaselected______theteam.核心考点6：tend1.（选择题）Thedoctortended______thesickpeople.A.forB.toC.withD.at2.（翻译题）护士们精心照料病人。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空题）Pricestend______goup.核心考点7：scared1.（选择题）Thegirlisscared______dogs.A.ofB.toC.withD.at2.（翻译题）他害怕晚上一个人走路。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空题）Theloudnoisescaredthebaby______(cry).核心考点8：“nothingis+形容词比较级+than....”1.（选择题）Nothingis______(interesting)thanreadingagoodbook.2.（翻译题）没有什么比健康更重要。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空题）Nothingis______(exciting)thantravelingtonewplaces.核心考点9：独立主格结构1.（填空题）Thehomework______(finish),wewentouttoplay.2.（翻译题）天气晴朗，我们决定去野餐。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空题）Themeeting______(begin),everyonegotdowntobusiness.核心考点10：“neither...nor...”1.（填空题）NeitherhisfriendsnorTom______(like)spicyfood.2.（翻译题）他既不喜欢跑步也不喜欢游泳。__________________________________________________________________________________3.（填空题）Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher______(be)satisfiedwiththeresult.核心考点11：现在分词(短语)作状语1.（填空题）______(walk)alongthestreet,Imetanoldfriend.2.（翻译题）因为知道他很忙，我没有打扰他。__________________________________________________________________________________3.（填空题）______(study)hardfortheexam,hegotgoodgrades.核心考点12：现在分词(短语)作宾语补足语1.（填空题）Isawaboy______(play)footballinthepark.2.（翻译题）我听到她在隔壁房间唱歌。__________________________________________________________________________________3.（填空题）Thebosskepttheworkers______(work)overtime.一、单句语法填空题1.Afterhe____(finish)hishomework,hewenttoplayfootball.2.____(see)fromthetopofthemountain,thecitylooksbeautiful.3.Themanstoodthere,____(look)atthepictureonthewall.4.Weheardher____(sing)inthenextroom.5.Themeeting____(hold)tomorrowisveryimportant.6.Ihavealotofwork____(do)today.7.Withthework____(do),hewenthome.8.Thegirlisbusy____(prepare)fortheexam.9.____(notreceive)areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.10.Theteacherhadthestudents____(clean)theclassroom.11.Thehouse____(build)lastyearisverybig.12.____(compare)withyou,Istillhavealongwaytogo.13.Nothingis____(valuable)thanhealth.14.NeitherhenorI____(be)goodatmath.15.Herwordsmademe____(feel)better.二、阅读理解阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳选项YouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?JaneAddams(1860-1935)AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity(社区)bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.RachelCarson(1907-1964)Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld’slakesandoceans.SandraDayO’Connor(1930-present)WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(参议员)and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointheUSSupremeCourt.O’Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.RosaParks(1913-2005)On1December1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RosaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoawhitepassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,”saidParks.1．WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?A．Hersocialwork. B．Herteachingskills.C．Hereffortstowinaprize. D．Hercommunitybackground.2．WhatwasthereasonforO’Connor’sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?A．Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.B．Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.C．Thediscrimination(歧视)againstwomen.D．Thepoorfinancialconditions.3．Whomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil-rightsmovementintheUS?A．JaneAddams. B．RachelCarson.C．SandraDayO’Connor. D．RosaParks.AChinesefemalepilothassetarecordinthecountry’sairlineindustryafterflyingasmallplanefor40minutesinBeijing.MiaoXiaohong,oneofChina’ssecondbatch(一批)offemalepilots,controlledtheTecnamP2010planetotakeoff,turn,climb,diveandlandsafelyattheShifosiAirportinPingguDistrictofBeijing.In1956,MiaoXiaohong,whograduatedfromahighschoolinJinan,wonapositioninthesecondbatch.Shegraduatedfromtheflightschoolin1958.Inthefollowingyears,sheflewmanyimportantmissions.In1963,sheacceptedamissiontoairdropmaterialsfortheflood-strickenareasinHeheiProvince.Poorvisibility(能见度)preventedherlocatingthetargetareasasthecloudswereabout100metersabovetheground,butshemanagedtofinishthetask.In1989,sheretiredandstartedherwritingcareer.Whenshecollectedmaterialsforherbooks,shefoundthatmanyagedpilotsinothercountriesstillflew,soshehadtheideaofreturningtothesky.Topreparefortheflight,shewalked3,000stepseverydayandmovedherarmstomeettherequirementsforhigh-altitudeflightduringthepasttwomonths.Differentfrompastflightsformissions,thistimehergoalwastoenjoytheflight.Shesaidthatitwasexcitingandfresh.“Seeingtheboundlessblueskyunfoldinfrontofme,Ifeelitisveryopen,”shesaid.ThetrainersaidthatMiaoXiaohongcouldfinish30hoursofflighttogetalicenseforthecommercialflight.Shesaid,“Myphysicalconditionisgoodenoughtofinishthe30-hourflightbutitisnotsoimportantformetogetsuchalicense.Afterachievingmydreamofreturningtothesky,Ihopetoencourageyoungwomentojointheairlineindustry.I’m82yearsoldandIcanflyagain.You,theyoungpeople,canflyandwillflybetterthanme.”4．WhatcanwelearnaboutMiaoXiaohongfromherairdropmission?A．Shewasaveryluckypilot. B．Sheseldomfinishedhardtasks.C．Shehadexcellentflyingskills. D．Shesufferedfrompooreyesight.5．WhatmadeMiaoXiaohonghavetheideaofflyingaplaneattheageof82?A．Herdeeploveforshy. B．Therequirementsofherbooks.C．Herwishtosetaflyingrecord. D．Theinfluenceofforeignagedpilots.6．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMiaoXiaohong?A．Strict. B．Determined. C．Stubborn. D．Generous.7．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ReturningtotheBlueSky. B．ImprovingYourFlightSkills.C．ManagingtoFinishDifficultTasks. D．ImprovingYourselftoSetaRecord.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白位置的最佳选项HouYifan,bornonFebruary27,1994inJiangsu,China,isaworld-famousChinesechessplayer.ShewastheWomen’sWorldChesschampion,theyoungestevertowinthetitle.Houstartedplayingchesswhenshewas5yearsoldin1999.8“ItwassointerestingthatIwasattractedbythechessanddecidedtotakeupthehobby,”saidHou.“9Evenwhenthereareonlyfiveorsixpiecesleftontheboard,youcannotpredictalltheresults.”saidHou.“Soinsteadoffocusingtoomuchontheories,weshoulddependonpracticeandskillsmore.”Learningmethodsfromthepastmatchesandpracticingchessbecameherdailyactivities.10shebecametheyoungestchesschampionintheworldattheageof16.Althoughshebecameafamouschessstarknownallovertheworld,Houwasn’tproudofit.“I’mhappytowinthesetitles,butIknowthisisacoinwithtwosides,”Houadded.“AsIgainpublicattention,myfaultswillbecomelarger.SoIshouldkeepimproving.”11In2012,shestudiedInternationalRelationsatPekingUniversityandthenshewenttotheUniversityofOxfordin2018.In2020,shebecamea`teacheratShenzhenUniversity.12A．Chessisabraingamefullofuncertainties.B．Itneededalotofhardwork,butitwasworthit.C．Oneofthebeautifulaspectsofchessisitsuniversality.D．ShewantedtoteachwhatshehadlearnedtomoreyoungChinesepeople.E．Atthattime,herparentstookHoutotrydifferentbraingamesatatrainingcenter.F．In2013,HouYifanwontheWomen’sWorldChessChampionshipforthethirdtime.G．Havingfocusedoninternationalchessforalongtime,Houthendecidedtostudyincollege.三、完形填空AstheotherfourplayersenjoythecrucialvictoryinanArenaofValor(《传说对决》)competition,theyremainedunawarethattheirteammateLuDongisaParalympic(残奥会)13championwhoplayswithherfeet.Lu14aninterestinArenaofValorin2017.15,herappearancesinInternetcafesdrewalotofcuriousglances,whichmadeher16.However,italsoledtogenerouscomplimentswhenothers17herremarkableskills.Besidesvideogames,Luhas18anhourdailytopianopracticeforthepastthreeyearsandhasalsoshowcasedherskillsinbothcookingandbeautymakeup