2026年托福考试听力练习题及答案详解

2026年托福考试听力练习题及答案详解Section1:CampusLife(3题，每题2分)1.Question1(2points):Astudentisvisitingtheuniversitylibrarytoinquireaboutstudyspaces.Thelibrarianexplainstheavailabilityofdifferenttypesofstudyroomsandmentionsanewpolicy.Whatisthenewpolicyregardinggroupstudyrooms?A.Groupstudyroomsarenowavailableforindividualuse.B.Thereisafeeforusinggroupstudyrooms.C.Groupstudyroomsmustbebookedinadvance.D.Groupstudyroomsareonlyopenduringexamweeks.Answer&Explanation:CorrectAnswer:C.Groupstudyroomsmustbebookedinadvance.Explanation:Thelibrarianstatesthattheuniversityhasimplementedanewpolicyrequiringstudentstobookgroupstudyroomsatleast24hoursinadvancetoensurefairallocation.Otheroptionsareincorrectbecausethepassagespecifiesbookingrequirements,notindividualuseorfees,andmentionsnoseasonalrestrictions.2.Question2(2points):Aprofessorgivesalectureaboutcourserequirements.Hementionsthatstudentsmustcompletethreeresearchpapersduringthesemester.Whatisthedeadlineforthefirstpaper?A.Endofthesecondweek.B.Midtermexamweek.C.Endofthefourthweek.D.Beforethefinalexam.Answer&Explanation:CorrectAnswer:C.Endofthefourthweek.Explanation:Theprofessorclarifiesthatthefirstresearchpapershouldbesubmittedbytheendofthefourthweek,withspecificformattingguidelinesprovidedinthesyllabus.Theotheroptionsareincorrectbecausethedeadlineisnottiedtothemidtermorfinalexam,norisitthefirstorlastweek.3.Question3(2points):Astudentisdiscussingstudyabroadopportunitieswithanadvisor.TheadvisormentionsaprograminJapanbutwarnsaboutlimitedspots.Whatistheconditionforselection?A.Academicperformancemustbeabove3.5.B.Studentsmusthavepriorlanguageexperience.C.OnlymajorsinSTEMfieldsareeligible.D.Selectionisbasedonarandomlottery.Answer&Explanation:CorrectAnswer:B.Studentsmusthavepriorlanguageexperience.Explanation:Theadvisorexplicitlystatesthatapplicantsmustdemonstrateintermediate-levelJapaneselanguageproficiency,eitherthroughcourseworkorself-study,tobeconsideredfortheprogram.OtheroptionsareincorrectbecausethecutoffisnotaspecificGPA,eligibilityisnotlimitedtoSTEM,andspotsarenotassignedrandomly.Section2:AcademicLecture(4题，每题3分)4.Question4(3points):Aprofessordiscussesclimatechangeinabiologyclass.Heexplainsthatdeforestationcontributestocarbondioxidebuildup.Whatistheprimarymechanismcausingthis?A.TreesabsorbCO₂moreslowlyintropicalregions.B.TreesreleaseCO₂whenburnedforagriculture.C.Forestsarereplacedbyindustrialareas.D.Carbonsequestrationratesdecreaseinwinter.Answer&Explanation:CorrectAnswer:B.TreesreleaseCO₂whenburnedforagriculture.Explanation:Theprofessornotesthatdeforestation,particularlyinrainforests,leadstocarbonreleasewhentreesareclearedforfarming.ThisisduetocombustionprocessesreleasingstoredCO₂intotheatmosphere.TheotheroptionsareincorrectbecauseCO₂absorptionisnotslowerintropics,industrializationisnotthemaindriver,andseasonalchangesdonotsignificantlyimpactsequestration.5.Question5(3points):Inahistorylecture,theprofessordiscussestheIndustrialRevolution.Hementionsakeyinnovationbutnotesitsunintendedconsequences.Whatwastheinnovation?A.Thesteamengine.B.Thespinningjenny.C.Thetelegraph.D.Themechanicalloom.Answer&Explanation:CorrectAnswer:A.Thesteamengine.Explanation:Theprofessorhighlightsthesteamengineasatransformativetechnologythatpoweredfactoriesbutalsoledtourbanpollutionandlaborexploitation.Theotheroptionsareincorrectbecausewhileallweresignificant,thesteamenginehadthemostwidespreadenvironmentalandsocietalimpacts.6.Question6(3points):Apsychologyprofessorlecturesonmemoryformation.Shementionsthatsleepdeprivationimpairsepisodicmemory.Whatistheproposedmechanism?A.Sleepreducesthebrain’sabilitytoencodenewinformation.B.Sleepdisruptsneurotransmitteractivityinthehippocampus.C.Sleepcausesexcessivestress,whichhindersrecall.D.Sleepacceleratesthedecayofshort-termmemories.Answer&Explanation:CorrectAnswer:B.Sleepdisruptsneurotransmitteractivityinthehippocampus.Explanation:Theprofessorexplainsthatsleepdeprivationaffectsthehippocampus,whichiscriticalformemoryconsolidation,byalteringacetylcholineandglutamatelevels.Theotheroptionsareincorrectbecausesleepdoesnotsolelyencodenewinformation,stressisnottheprimaryfactor,anddecayisnotthemainissue.7.Question7(3points):Aneconomicslecturediscussessupplychaindisruptions.Theprofessormentionsacasestudyofthe2020pandemic’simpactonglobalshipping.Whatwasthemainissue?A.Increasedlaborcostsinportcities.B.Reduceddemandforconsumergoods.C.Shortagesofcontainerships.D.Higherfuelpricesininternationalwaters.Answer&Explanation:CorrectAnswer:C.Shortagesofcontainerships.Explanation:Theprofessorpointsoutthatthepandemiccausedabottleneckinshippingduetoalackofavailablecargovessels,notlaborcosts,demandshifts,orfuelissues.Theshortagedisruptedtradeflowsworldwide.Section3:SocialScienceDiscussion(3题，每题3分)8.Question8(3points):Asociologyseminardiscussesurbangentrification.Astudentasksaboutitseffectsonlocalbusinesses.Whatistheprofessor’sresponse?A.Gentrificationleadstoincreasedbusinessdiversity.B.Smallbusinessesareoftendisplaced.C.Allbusinessesthriveduetohigherfoottraffic.D.Governmentsubsidiespreventdisplacement.Answer&Explanation:CorrectAnswer:B.Smallbusinessesareoftendisplaced.Explanation:Theprofessornotesthatgentrificationoftenresultsintheclosureoflong-standinglocalbusinessesasrisingrentsandpropertyvaluesforcethemout.Theotheroptionsareincorrectbecausediversityisnotguaranteed,notallbusinessesbenefit,andsubsidiesarenotuniversallyapplied.9.Question9(3points):Inapoliticalsciencediscussion,aguestspeakertalksaboutvotingpatterns.Shementionsthatsocialmediainfluencesvoterbehaviorindemocracies.Whatistheprimaryconcern?A.Increasedvoterturnout.B.Misinformationspread.C.Higherpoliticalengagement.D.Reducedcampaigncosts.Answer&Explanation:CorrectAnswer:B.Misinformationspread.Explanation:Thespeakeremphasizesthatsocialmediaplatformsamplifyfalsenarratives,whichcanswaypublicopinionandunderminedemocraticprocesses.Theotheroptionsareincorrectbecausewhilesocialmediamayboostengagement,itsrisksaremoresignificant.10.Question10(3points):Aanthropologylecturediscussesculturaladaptation.TheprofessorgivesanexampleofindigenouscommunitiesinAustralia.Whatisthekeychallengetheyface?A.Languagepreservation.B.Economicdevelopment.C.Climatechangeresilience.D.Urbanmigration.Answer&Explanation:CorrectAnswer:A.Languagepreservation.Explanation:Theprofessorhighlightsthatmanyindigenouscommunitiesstruggletomaintaintheirlanguagesamidglobalization.Economicdevelopmentandclimatechangearealsoissues,butlanguagelossisamoreurgentculturalthreat.Section4:ScienceResearch(4题，每题3分)11.Question11(3points):Achemistryprofessorpresentsresearchonbatterytechnology.Heexplainsthatanewmaterialimprovesenergydensity.Whatisthematerial?A.Graphene.B.Lithiumcobaltoxide.C.Nickelmanganesecobalt(NMC).D.Solid-stateelectrolytes.Answer&Explanation:CorrectAnswer:D.Solid-stateelectrolytes.Explanation:Theprofessordescribeshowsolid-stateelectrolytesenhancebatteryefficiencybyreducingionmobilityresistance.Theotheroptionsareeitheroldertechnologiesornotdirectlylinkedtoenergydensityimprovements.12.Question12(3points):Amedicalstudydiscussestheeffectsofairpollutiononrespiratoryhealth.Whatisthemainfinding?A.Airpollutionincreaseslungcapacity.B.Itexacerbatesasthmasymptoms.C.Itimprovescardiovascularhealth.D.Ithasnolong-termeffects.Answer&Explanation:CorrectAnswer:B.Itexacerbatesasthmasymptoms.Explanation:Thestudyrevealsthatexposuretoparticulatematter(PM2.5)worsensasthmaseverity,particularlyinchildren.Theotheroptionsareincorrectbecausepollutiondoesnotimprovelungfunctionorcardiovascularhealth,anditseffectsarewell-documented.13.Question13(3points):Anastronomylecturediscussesexoplanets.TheprofessormentionsanewlydiscoveredplanetinthehabitablezoneofProximaCentauri.Whatmakesitpotentiallyhabitable?A.Ithasathickatmosphere.B.Itorbitsastablestar.C.Ithasliquidwater.D.ItisthesamesizeasEarth.Answer&Explanation:CorrectAnswer:C.Ithasliquidwater.Explanation:Theprofessornotesthattheplanet’sproximitytoProximaCentauriallowsforliquidwater,akeyingredientforlifeasweknowit.Theotheroptions,whilefavorable,arenotascriticalaswaterpresence.14.Question14(3points):Abiologyresearchpresentationdiscussesantibioticresistance.Thepresenterproposesasolutioninvolvingphagetherapy.Whatisthemechanism?A.Bacteriaarekilledbyacidiccompounds.B.VirusestargetbacterialDNA.C.Antibodiesneutralizetoxins.D.Probioticsoutcompetepathogens.Answer&Explanation:CorrectAnswer:B.VirusestargetbacterialDNA.Explanati