2026年英语专八阅读理解试题详解

2026年英语专八阅读理解试题详解Part1:MultipleChoice(单选题，每题2分，共20题)Passage1(TheFutureofUrbanSustainabilityinEuropeanCities)UrbansustainabilityhasbecomeacriticalissueinEuropeancities,whererapidpopulationgrowthandclimatechangeposesignificantchallenges.CitieslikeCopenhagen,Amsterdam,andViennahavepioneeredinnovativesolutionstoreducecarbonemissions,promoterenewableenergy,andenhancepublictransportation.Copenhagen’sbike-laneinfrastructure,forinstance,hasreducedtrafficcongestionby50%andimprovedairquality.Amsterdam’sinvestmentinwindenergyandgreenroofshasloweredenergyconsumptionby30%.Vienna’spublichousingpolicyensuresthatlow-incomefamilieshaveaccesstoenergy-efficienthomes.However,challengesremain,suchasbalancingeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalprotectionandensuringequitableaccesstosustainableresources.1.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?A)Theeconomicbenefitsofurbansustainability.B)ThechallengesofimplementingsustainablepoliciesinEuropeancities.C)ThesuccessstoriesofsustainableinitiativesinEuropeancities.D)Theroleoftechnologyinurbansustainability.2.Accordingtothepassage,whichcityhasmadethemostsignificantprogressinreducingtrafficcongestion?A)ViennaB)AmsterdamC)CopenhagenD)London3.WhatspecificmeasureshasViennatakentopromotesustainability?A)Buildingbikelanesandinvestinginwindenergy.B)Expandingpublichousingandimprovinggreenspaces.C)Encouragingcarusageandreducingpublictransport.D)Focusingonindustrialdevelopmentoverenvironmentalconcerns.4.WhatremainsachallengeforEuropeancitiesinachievingsustainability?A)Lackoffundingforgreeninitiatives.B)Insufficientpublicawareness.C)Balancingeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalgoals.D)Highcostsofrenewableenergyprojects.5.ThepassagesuggeststhatCopenhagen’sbikelaneshavehadwhichofthefollowingeffects?A)Increasedtrafficcongestion.B)Noimpactonairquality.C)Reducedtrafficcongestionandimprovedairquality.D)Ledtohigherenergyconsumption.Passage2(TheImpactofArtificialIntelligenceonGlobalEmployment)Artificialintelligence(AI)hastransformedindustriesworldwide,fromhealthcaretofinance,butitsimpactonemploymentremainsacontentioustopic.ProponentsarguethatAIwillcreatenewjobopportunitiesintechdevelopmentandmaintenance,whilecriticswarnofwidespreadjobdisplacement.IntheUK,reportsindicatethatAIcouldautomate20%ofjobsinmanufacturingandretailby2030.Conversely,inJapan,AIadoptionincaregivinghasreduceddemandforhumannurses,thoughithasalsocreatedrolesforAItrainersandtechnicians.Thedebateintensifiesindevelopingcountries,wherelow-skilledworkersaremostvulnerabletoautomation.GovernmentsinIndiaandBrazilareinvestinginAIeducationprogramstoprepareworkersforfuturejobmarkets.However,thetransitionmayexacerbateincomeinequalityifhigh-skilledworkersreapmostofthebenefits.6.Whatisthecentralthemeofthepassage?A)TheeconomicbenefitsofAIadoption.B)ThedebateoverAI’simpactonglobalemployment.C)TheroleofAIinhealthcareandfinance.D)GovernmentpoliciestomitigateAI-inducedjobdisplacement.7.AccordingtoproponentsofAI,whatnewopportunitieswillitcreate?A)Morejobsinmanufacturing.B)Fewerjobsinretail.C)Rolesintechdevelopmentandmaintenance.D)Increaseddemandforhumannurses.8.WhichcountryiscitedasreducingdemandforhumannursesduetoAI?A)UKB)JapanC)USAD)Germany9.WhatmeasuresaregovernmentsinIndiaandBraziltakingtoaddressAI-relatedjobdisplacement?A)Implementingstricterlaborlaws.B)InvestinginAIeducationprograms.C)Encouragingautomationinallindustries.D)Offeringuniversalbasicincome.10.WhatpotentialnegativeconsequencedoesthepassagehighlightregardingAIadoption?A)Increasedproductivityinallsectors.B)Reducedincomeinequality.C)Exacerbationofincomeinequality.D)Lowercostsforconsumers.Passage3(TheRevivalofTraditionalCraftsinSoutheastAsia)SoutheastAsia’straditionalcrafts,suchasbatikinIndonesia,silkweavinginThailand,andpotteryinVietnam,areexperiencingaresurgenceduetogrowingglobalinterestinhandmade,sustainableproducts.InIndonesia,governmentinitiativeshavesupportedbatikartisansbypromotingtheirproductsininternationalmarkets.Thaisilkweavershaveformedcooperativestoensurefairwagesandpreservetraditionaltechniques.Vietnamesepottersareincorporatingmoderndesignswhilemaintainingancientmethods.Thisrevivalisnotjusteconomic;italsopreservesculturalheritageandempowerslocalcommunities.However,challengesremain,suchascompetitionfrommass-producedgoodsandtheneedforyoungergenerationstolearntraditionalskills.11.WhatisthemainreasonfortherevivaloftraditionalcraftsinSoutheastAsia?A)Governmentsubsidiesforartisans.B)Globaldemandforhandmade,sustainableproducts.C)Increasedtourismintheregion.D)Declineinmass-producedgoods.12.WhichIndonesiancraftismentionedasbenefitingfromgovernmentsupport?A)PotteryB)WoodcarvingC)BatikD)Weaving13.WhatmeasureshaveThaisilkweaverstakentoimprovetheirlivelihoods?A)Outsourcingproductiontoforeigncompanies.B)Formingcooperativestoensurefairwages.C)Adoptingindustrialmachinerytoincreaseoutput.D)Focusingsolelyonluxurymarkets.14.HowareVietnamesepottersbalancingtraditionandmodernity?A)Abandoningtraditionaltechniquesforfastermethods.B)Incorporatingmoderndesignswhilepreservingancientmethods.C)Movingproductionoverseastoreducecosts.D)Focusingonlyontraditionaldesigns.15.Whatremainsachallengeforthepreservationoftraditionalcraftsintheregion?A)Lackofgovernmentsupport.B)Competitionfrommass-producedgoods.C)Highcostsofrawmaterials.D)Limitedaccesstoglobalmarkets.Passage4(ClimateChangeandAgriculturalProductivityinSub-SaharanAfrica)ClimatechangeposesaseverethreattoagriculturalproductivityinSub-SaharanAfrica,wheremillionsdependonsmall-scalefarmingfortheirlivelihoods.Risingtemperatures,unpredictablerainfall,andincreasedpestactivityhavereducedcropyieldsincountrieslikeNigeria,Kenya,andMalawi.InNigeria,droughtshaveledtoa40%declineinmaizeproductionoverthepastdecade.Kenyanfarmersarestrugglingwithprolongeddroughts,forcingmanytoabandontraditionalfarmingmethods.Malawi’sgovernmenthasintroduceddrought-resistantcrops,butadoptionhasbeenslowduetolimitedaccesstoseedsandfertilizers.Internationalorganizationsaresupportingclimate-resilientagriculture,butthescaleoftheproblemrequiresmorecomprehensivesolutions.16.WhatistheprimarythreattoagricultureinSub-SaharanAfricaduetoclimatechange?A)Overpopulationinruralareas.B)Decreasedavailabilityofarableland.C)Risingtemperatures,unpredictablerainfall,andpestactivity.D)Governmentpoliciesrestrictingfarming.17.WhichcountryinSub-SaharanAfricahasexperiencedasignificantdeclineinmaizeproductionduetodroughts?A)KenyaB)MalawiC)NigeriaD)Ethiopia18.WhatmeasureshasMalawitakentoaddressclimatechallengesinagriculture?A)Encouragingindustrialfarming.B)Introducingdrought-resistantcrops.C)Increasingrelianceonimportedfood.D)Reducingagriculturalsubsidies.19.Whatroleareinternationalorganizationsplayinginaddressingtheissue?A)Providingfinancialaidonly.B)Supportingclimate-resilientagriculture.C)Advocatingforstricterenvironmentalregulations.D)Focusingonurbandevelopment.20.Accordingtothepassage,whatremainsachallengeinimplementingclimate-resilientagricultureintheregion?A)Lackofgovernmentsupport.B)Limitedaccesstoseedsandfertilizers.C)Insufficientinternationalfunding.D)Resistancefromlocalfarmers.Part2:ClozeTest(填空题，每空1分，共10空)Passage:TheRoleofRenewableEnergyinReducingCarbonEmissionsTheworldisfacinganurgentneedtoreducecarbonemissionstomitigateclimatechange.Renewableenergysources,suchassolar,wind,andhydroelectricpower,offersustainablealternativestofossilfuels.Solarenergy,forinstance,hasseensignificantgrowthinrecentyears,withinstallationsincountrieslikeGermanyandChinasurpassingthoseofcoal-poweredplants.Windenergyhasalsoexpandedrapidly,particularlyintheNorthSeaandtheUnitedStates,whereoffshorewindfarmsgeneratecleanelectricity.However,challengesremaininintegratingthesesourcesintoexistinggridsandensuringenergystoragesolutionsareviable.Governmentsandprivatecompaniesareinvestingheavilyininnovationtoovercomethesebarriers.1.______theworldisfacinganurgentneedtoreducecarbonemissions.A)AsB)BecauseC)AlthoughD)Since2.Renewableenergysources______sustainablealternativestofossilfuels.A)provideB)providenotC)providesD)provided3.Solarenergyhasseen______growthinrecentyears.A)significantB)significantlyC)thesignificantD)moresignificant4.InstallationsincountrieslikeGermanyandChina______thoseofcoal-poweredplants.A)surpassingB)surpassedC)surpassD)surpasses5.Windenergyhas______rapidly,particularlyintheNorthSeaandtheUnitedStates.A)expandedB)expandingC)expandD)expands6.Offshorewindfarms______cleanelectricity.A)generateB)generatesC)generatedD)generating7.However,challenges______inintegratingthesesourcesintoexistinggrids.A)remainsB)remainC)isremainingD)haveremained8.Governmentsandprivatecompanies______heavilyininnovationtoovercomethesebarriers.A)areinvestingB)investC)investedD)haveinvestedPart3:SummaryCompletion(摘要填空，每空2分，共5空)Passage:TheDigitalTransformationofEducationinthePost-PandemicEraTheCOVID-19pandemicacceleratedthedigitaltransformationofeducationworldwide.Onlinelearningplatformsbecameessentialtoolsforteachersandstudents,withtoolslikeZoom,GoogleClassroom,andMoodleenablingremoteinstruction.Thisshifthighlightedboththeopportunitiesandchallengesofdigitaleducation.Ontheonehand,itprovidedaccesstoresourcesforstudentsinremoteareasandallowedforflexiblelearningschedules.Ontheotherhand,itexacerbateddigitalinequality,asnotallstudentshadequalaccesstotechnologyorreliableinternet.Schoolsindevelopedcountries,suchasthoseinSouthKoreaandCanada,werebetterequippedtoadapt,whilethoseindevelopingnations,likepartsofAfricaandSouthAsia,struggledwithinfrastructurelimitations.Educatorsarenowfocusingonhybridmodelsthatcombineonlineandin-personlearningtoleveragethebenefitsofboth.CompletethesummarybelowusingNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachblank.Thepandemic______digitaleducation,butitalso______accesstoresourcesforsomestudents.Onlineplatforms______remoteinstruction,whilehybridmodelsarenow______toaddressdigitalinequality.1.______2.______3.______4.______5.______AnswerKeyandExplanationPart1:MultipleChoice1.CThepassagefocusesonsuccessfulinitiativesinEuropeancities(Copenhagen,Amsterdam,Vienna).2.CCopenhagen’sbikelanesreducedtrafficcongestionby50%.3.BViennaimprovedpublichousingandgreenspaces.4.CBalancingeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalgoalsremainsachallenge.5.CBikelanesreducedcongestionandimprovedairquality.6.BThepassagedebatesAI’simpactonemployment.7.CProponentshighlighttechdevelopmenta