广东省六校2025届高三12月第一次联考(一模)英语试题（含答案）

第第页广东省清中、河中、惠中、阳中、翠园中学六校2025届高三12月第一次联考(一模)英语试题一、第二部分，阅读，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读理解The50-YardChallengeAreyoureadytojoin?Wechallengeyoutocut50lawns(草坪)freefortheelderly,disabled,singleparents,veteransandanyoneinneedofhelpinyourtown.Thechallengeisforboysandgirls.Ages8—17.Ifyouacceptthischallenge,allyouneedtodoissendusaphotoofyouholdingasignsaying"Iacceptthe50-YardChallenge",andinreturn,we'llsendyouawhiteRaisingMen/Womenshirtalongwithshadesandearprotectiontogetyoustarted.Forevery10lawnscut,youwillgetanewcolorshirt.·Onceyoucut10lawnsyougetanorangeshirt·20lawnsearnagreenshirt·30lawnsearnablueshirt·40lawnsearnaredshirt·50lawnsearnablackshirtOnceyoureach50lawns,wewillcometovisityouandpresentyouablackshirt.Wewillalsogiveyouabrandnewlawnmower(割草机),weedeaterandblower!Let'smakeadifferencetogetherbymowingoneyardatatime!Allproceedsfromourshirtsandhatsaregoingtowardsascholarshipfundwearebuildingforkidswhocompleteour50-yardchallenge.Note:Familieswhosignupwiththreeormorekidswillberequiredtodo100lawnsor50lawnseach.100lawnsperthreekids.1．Whoisacceptedforthe50-YardChallenge?A．A7-year-oldboy. B．A20-year-oldstudent.C．A13-year-oldgirl. D．Asingleparent.2．Howcanyougetaredshirt?A． B．Bycutting20lawns.C．Bycutting30lawns. D．Bycutting40lawns.3．Whatdoestheorganizerofferatthebeginning?A．Anearprotector. B．Ablackshirt.C．Aweedeaterandblower. D．Anewlawnmower.阅读理解HemanBekele,a14-year-oldstudent,becametheNicoleofthe20233MYoungScientistChallenge,standingoutamongnineotherfinalistswithhiscreativeinventionknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap(肥皂).Inrecognitionofhisexceptionalachievement,thisninth-gradeteenagerissettoreceiveacashawardof$25,000.Bekele'srevolutionaryconcept,presentedthroughabrieftwo-minutevideo,centersonthedevelopmentofasoapthatisnotonlyaffordable,pricedatlessthan$10perbar,butalsohasthepotentialtoreactivate(重新激活)dendriticcells—thebody'snaturaldefendersoftheskin—tofightagainstskincancer.InBekele'sownwords,"Curingcancer,onebarofsoapatatime."Hispassionforbiologyandtechnologywasthedrivingforcebehindthisingeniouscreation,andthe3MYoungScientistChallengeprovidedhimwiththeperfectplatformtoshowcasehisvisionaryideas.Reflectingonhisinspiration,BekelesharedthathischildhoodinEthiopiaplayedasignificantroleinshapinghiscreativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyundertheburningsun,hecouldn'thelpbutwonderhowmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithprolongedsunexposure."Iwantedtomakemyideanotonlyscientificallyexceptionalbutalsoaccessibletoabroadaudience,"BekeleexpressedduringaninterviewwithTheWashingtonPost.Toaidhiminrealizinghisbigplans,hereceivedinvaluableguidancefromDeborahIsabelle,aproductengineeringspecialistat3M,whoconnectedhimwithotherscientists.Eventually,thepathforwardforBekele'screationincludesobtainingFDAapproval.Duringhispresentationatthe3MglobalheadquartersinSaintPaul,Minnesota,Bekelepassionatelyarticulatedhisvisionofturningthesoapintoa"symbolofhope,accessibility,andaworldwhereskincancertreatmentiswithinreachforall".Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanon-profitorganizationdedicatedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtounder-servedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"Nicole"meaninparagraph1?A．Hero. B．Winner. C．Example. D．Specialist.5．HowdidBekelegettheideaforhisinvention?A．Hewasguidedbyrelevantexperts.B．Hewatchedavideoaboutscience.C．Hesawpeopleworkinthehotsun.D．Hedealtwithscientistsinthefield.6．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBekele?A．Giftedandhonest B．Creativeandadaptable.C．Humbleandenthusiastic. D．Caringandambitious.7．Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Achildren'sstory. B．Amedicalpaper.C．Anewspaper. D．Adiaryentry.阅读理解Sulphur-crestedcockatoos(葵花凤头鹦鹉)arecommoninwesternAustralia,wheretheynormallyliveinwoodedareas.Butasforestshavebeencutdown,cockatooshavegottenusedtolivingnearpeople.ScientistsreportthatpeopleinSydney,Australiaareinabattlewiththesebirds.Lastyear,scientistsattheMaxPlanckInstitutereportedthatthecockatooshadlearnedhowtoopenthecoversoftrashbinsforfood.That'snotaneasyjob.Thecockatoosmustlifttheheavycoverwiththeirbeaks(喙)andthenwalkalong,pushingthecoverupuntilitfallsover.Whenscientistsfirstbeganstudyingthecockatoosin2018,onlythreeareasinSydneyhadcover-openingcockatoos.Ayearandahalflater,cockatoosin44differentareasknewthetrick.Thistimethescientistsdecidedtostudyfurther.Theyweren'tjuststudyingcockatoos.Theywerealsostudyinghumans.Thescientistsspentweeksstudyingmorethan3,200trashbinsinfourdifferentareasofSydney.Theywantedtoseehowmanybinswereprotectedandwhatmethodswereused.Inonearea,overhalfthebinswereprotected.Themostcommonwayofprotectingthebinswastoputabrickorsomeotherheavyobjectsonthecover.Somepeopleputthingslikerubbersnakesonthetopoftheirbins.Thescientistsdiscoveredthatthehumanswereteachingeachothertricks,too.Inmostneighborhoods,manypeopleusedthesamecockatoσ-stoppingmethodsastheirneighbors.Theresearcherssay,"It'slikearacebetweenhumansandcockatoostolearnnewwaysofdoingthings.Nowmanycockatooshavelearnedhowtopushheavyitemsoffthebins.Asaresult,humanshavefiguredoutwaystoattachtheitemstothetopoftheirbins."Theresearchersdescribethesituationasa"human-wildlifeconflict""Weexpecttheseconflictstobecomemorecommonashumanstakeovermoreareasthatusedtobewild.We'dbetterunderstandtheanimalsweshareourliveswith,andbepatientwiththem,"theyadd.8．Whatcanwelearnaboutsulphurerestedeackatoosfromthetext?A．Theylikecopyinghumans'behavior.B．Theyarehighlyintelligentbirds.C．Theyaregoodatwalkingforlonghours.D．TheyarenewlyfoundinAustralia.9．Whatdidthescientistsfindintheirfurtherresearch?A．Howhumansrespondedtothebirds'trick.B．Whenthebirdswereabletowinthebattle.C．Whythebirdsinmoreareasdidthetrick.D．Howthecockatooslearnedtodothetrick.10．Whatdotheresearchersmeaninthelastparagraph?A．Humanshavebetterabilitytolearn.B．ThebirdsintendedtomakehumansangryC．Therearedifferentkindsofwaystoopenbins.D．Humansshouldchangetheirattitudestowildlife.11．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．HowtoHelp"Homeless"CockatoosB．AHuman-LandConflictinAustraliaC．CockatoosCausedHumansaTerribleProblemD．ABattleforBinsbetweenCockatoosandHumans阅读理解Anoveralltransformationisneededfortheplanettoadaptpeople'spursuitofwell-being.AnewstudybyaninternationalteamofresearchersexploresaTheorvofPlametanySocialPedagogyasadriverofatransformativeprocessbasedonalearningsociety.TheTheoryofPlanetarySocialPedagogyisawayoflearningapplicabletoallsocietalsectors.Accordingtoit,people,societiesandtheworldareaninterlinked,systemicbody.Suchaworldviewcanmakelifemeaningful,increasepeople'sexperiencesofbelongingandinclusion,expandthescopeofcare,andhelppeopleidentifytheiropportunitiestoinfluence.Inatimemarkedbycrises,learningtobeonewiththeworldisincreasinglyessential.Inmanyways,oureverydaylivesarelinkedwithallotherlifeonEarth.AccordingtoProfessorArtoO.SalonenoftheUniversityofEasternFinland,thestudy'sleadauthor,themostimportantreasonbehindtheupgrading(升级)planetarycrisesispeople'sbeingseparatedfromtheirsurroundingreality.Hesays,"Aswetryforacomprehensivesustainabilitytransition(转变),weneedincreasinglypowerfulandmoresystemicinterpretationsofreality."Thecurrentstrategyforasustainablefutureemphasizeseconomicandtechnologicalprogress,butthatisnotenough.Learningisneeded,too.Alearningsocietyreliesonchangesinitscitizens'values,beliefsandworldviews."Howwebecomeawareofoureverydayconnectiontootherpeopleandnatureatthelevelofouremotions,bodyandmindstandsatthecoreofthesustainabilitytransition,"saysErkkaLaininen,aco-authorofthestudy.Havinganexperienceofbelongingtoandbeingpartoftheworldstrengthenspeople'ssenseofmeaningfulnessandtheiragencyneededinbuildingasustainablefuture.Thetransformativepowerofalearningsocietycanbeakevfactorinthegreentransformationgoingintoallsociety,inwhichclttlzens'consumerbehaviourandwaysofliving,movingandproducingfoodandenergyareorganizedinnewways.Conceptionsofworkandtheeconomycanbereformed,too.Asustainablefutureisnotaboutlifebecomingmoremiserable—it'saboutlifebecomingricherandmoremeaningfulashopeforthefuturegrowsstronger.12．WhyisTheoryofPlanetarySocialPedagogymentioned?A．Tostresslearningtobeonewiththeworld.B．Tosuggestreformingcitizenswaysofliving.C．Todescribehowthetheoryisbeingimproved.D．Totellifasustainablefutureissignificant.13．WhatisthemainreasonforincreasingglobalcrisesaccordingtoProfessorSalonen?A．Theplanetisreachingitslimits.B．Humansbreakawayfromthereality.C．Oldideasofwell-beingarebeingquestioned.D．Progressineconomyandtechnologyisunbalanced.14．Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A．Asustainablefutureisbasedonalearningsociety.B．Humans,societiesandtheworldwereconnectedmore.C．Endingthepresentstrategyforfutureisneeded.D．Globalcriseshaveresultedinwrongworldviews.15．Howdoestheauthorsupportthethemeofthetext?A．B．Bymakingacomparison.C．Byusingresearchers'arguments.D．Byprovidingstudyprocesses.二、第二部分，阅读，第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Yourcultureisahugepartofwhoyouareandthewayyouseetheworld.Whenyouliveinaplacewhereyourcultureisthemainstream,youlikelydon'thavetoputmucheffortintopreservingit—it'sallaroundyou!Butwhathappenswhenyoungergenerationslosecontactwitholdergenerations?16．Hereareseveralthingsyoucando.17．Eachculturehasitsownclothing,music,visualart,religiousbeliefs,andtechnologythatmakeitspecial.Membersofyourculturalcommunitywillbeoverjoyedtoteachortalkabouttheirhobbies,jobs,projects,andwhattheydoforfun.Attendororganizetraditionalculturalevents.Yourcountry,tribe,religiousdenomination(教派),orimmigrantethnicgroupalmostcertainlycelebratesmajorholidaysorculturalfestivals.18．,Ifyoucan'tfindanygoodeventsinyourarea,getsomepeopletogetherandorganizeyourown.Cookfamilyrecipeshandeddownthroughgenerations.It'snevertoolatetowhipupsomerecipesfromyourgrandmother'scookbook!Traditionaldishesplayabigroleinculture,withsmellsandtasteshavingpowerfulconnectionstomemories.Asyoumakenoodlesorbread,you'resuretothinkbacktomemoriesfromyourchildhoodortheholidays.19．Spendtimewithothermembersofyourculturalcommunity.20．Mostimportantly,that'sforordinarymealsandjustconversation.Usethesetimestolearnandkeepalivetheaspectsofculturethataredifficulttolearnthroughbooksandmuseums,suchasetiquette(礼仪),bodylanguage,andhumor.A.Learnaboutyourculture'sreligioustraditions.B.Shareyourculture'scharacteristicswithothers.C.Tellexamplesoftheknowledgethatwouldbelost.D.Gatherasagroupnotjustforholidaysandbigevents.E.Traveltotheseeventstogetabroaderviewpointonyourculture.F.Justreadanoldrecipeandyou'llknowhowmuchkitchentoolshavechanged.G.Ifyoudontactivelypreserveyourculture,yourisklosingthecustomsthatgivelifemeaning.三、第三部分，语言运用，第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ihadjustfinishedwalkingmydogasitgotdark.Weheadedhomeandwalkedintothe21．.Aflicker(闪烁)oflightcaughtmyeyejustasI22．thedoor.Iturnedmyheadtoseethata23．fireflyhadflowninwithusthroughtheopen24．andwasnowcrazilytryingto25．.Asitflewslowlytowardsthewall,Iquicklybut26．closedmyfingersaroundit.Icouldfeelitslittlewingsbeatagainstmy27．andaflashoflightshownthroughmyfingers.Iopenedthebackdoorand28．outside.ThenIopenedmyhandandwatcheditflyawayflashingitslightinthe29．.BeforeIwalkedbackin,Itookthe30．tolookoverthegrasslandbehindmyhome.Therewerehundredsoffirefliesflickering.Eachtimetheirlightscameon,Ismiled.Itwassoamazingthatsuchlittlecreaturescould31．somuchlight.Istoodthereinawe.32．thelighteningfirefliesmademethinkofthelighteachofus33．insideofourselves.Oftenitflickersandisnotsteadyorevenverybright.Yet,everytimeweshineit,wegrowalittlebrighter.Andeverytimewe34．thelight,wecan35．thelightinotherstoshineaswell.Doyourbesttoshineyourlightevenifyouthinkitisamereflicker.Youarealotbrighterthanyouthink.21．A．forest B．house C．grassland D．garden22．A．kicked B．repaired C．touched D．closed23．A．blind B．familiar C．tiny D．dangerous24．A．cage B．hand C．door D．sky25．A．getout B．fightback C．speedup D．stayon26．A．gently B．warmly C．similarly D．regularly27．A．head B．heart C．skin D．eye28．A．escaped B．stepped C．survived D．waited29．A．trees B．noise C．crowds D．darkness30．A．wish B．plan C．time D．promise31．A．reflect B．produce C．stand D．absorb32．A．Watching B．Catching C．Guiding D．Rescuing33．A．misses B．receives C．blocks D．carries34．A．hide B．share C．avoid D．understand35．A．awaken B．follow C．request D．permit四、第三部分，语言运用，第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InBeijing'sDongchengDistrict,thereisasmallstudiocalled"I'mMr.Chu",36．thevisitorscanappreciatemorethan100typesoftraditionalhandmadepaper,37．(show)thecharmoftheancientskillsandvariousculturesindifferentregionsinChina.Sofar,CuiZhenshuoandYangBo,foundersofthestudio,38．(collect)morethan500typesofChinesehandmadepaperin39．(exist).Ontheirjourney,CuiandYangdiscoveredthatduetotheremotelocationsofmostpaperworkshopsandtraditionallifestylesofthepaper-makingcraftsmen(手艺人),the40．(product)areunabletoreachthemarket41．(direct).Therefore,CuiandYangcameupwiththeideaofestablishingtheirownstudiothatcouldserveasabridgetoconnectruralworkshopswithbuyers42．beaplatformtopromotetraditionalChinesehandmadepaper.Thetwobegantolaunchtheseriesofhandmadepapersamplessince2021.Eachvolumeconsists43．30typesofhandmadepaper,eachofwhich44．(source)fromitsplaceoforigin.Atpresent,twovolumesoftheserieshavebeenproduced,andtheyplan45．(finish)10volumes."Wehopethatthisseriescanprovideinformationforthosewhoneedhandmadepaper,"saidCui.五、第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)46．你校英语报正在举办一场主题为LeadingaHealthyLife的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.你对健康生活的理解；2.健康生活的意义。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。LeadingaHealthyLife47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Myson,Erick,istwoandahalfyearsolderthanmydaughter,Anne.Asyoungchildren,theywerebestfriends.Anneadmiredherbigbrotherandtriedtokeepupwithhimineveryaspect.ShecriedwhenErickstartedkindergarten.Erickinturnlookedoutforhislittlesisterwhenshestartedschool.Theyplayedtogether,usuallywithcarsandtoydrivers,butsometimesBarbiedollswouldjoinin.Butwhenjuniorhighandseniorhighschoolsetin,adolescence(青春期)andsiblingrivalry(同胞争宠)betweenthemchangedtheironcecloserelationship.Theyhardlyacknowledgedeachother,eventhoughtheywereinsomeofthesameactivities.Theycouldhardlygetalong.OnceAnnewasincollege,thingsbegantoimprove.Maybeithelpedthattheywereatdifferentschools.Bothhadgrownupandtherivalrywaslessintense.Athomeduringcollegebreaks,theylaughedandplayedtogetheragain.Slowlytheywerecomingbacktogetherasfriends.Collegegraduationcame,andErickmovedouttobeginhiscareer.Itwassadforallofus,especiallyforAnne.Twoyearslater,wealllookedforwardtoAnne'scollegegraduation.Inaconversationaboutthisoneday,ErickbroughtupthesubjectofagraduationgiftforAnne.MyhusbandRickandIhadthoughtofupgradingsomefeaturesofhercar,sincethecarwasprettybasicandseveralyearsold.Erickhadadifferentidea.HeknewAnnewouldgotograduateschoolinanotherstateandwantedhertohaveareliablecar.Hissuggestionwastoupgradethegifttoanewcar.Wecouldn'tbelieveourears.Thiselderbrotherwhodidn'tacknowledgehissisterinhighschoolwantedtosurpriseAnnewithanewcarathercollegegraduation!Weagreedwiththesuggestionaftergettingoverourfirstshockatit.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。"Butyouneedtopayatleastathirdofthemoneyforthenewcar,"wejoked.ErickhandedAnneabox,whereacarkeywashidden.……

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．D3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了面向青少年的一项社区服务挑战，通过割草坪帮助有需要的人，并提供奖励。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。1．细节理解题。根据第三段"hechallengeisforboysandgirls.Ages8—17.(这项挑战面向8至17岁的男孩和女孩)"可知，挑战面向的是8至17岁的男孩和女孩，所以一个13岁的女孩符合参与条件。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据第四段"40lawnsearnaredshirt(割40个草坪可以获得一件红色衬衫)"可知，割40个草坪可以获得红色衬衫。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据第四段"Ifyouacceptthischallenge,allyouneedtodoissendusaphotoofyouholdingasignsaying"Iacceptthe50-YardChallenge",andinreturn,we'llsendyouawhiteRaisingMen/Womenshirtalongwithshadesandearprotectiontogetyoustarted.(如果您接受这项挑战，您只需要拍一张照片，照片中您手持一个写着"我接受50-YardChallenge挑战"的牌子，然后发送给我们。作为回报，我们将寄给您一件白色的RaisingMen/Women恤衫，以及太阳镜和耳部保护装备，以帮助您开始)"可知，参与者一开始会收到一件白色衬衫、太阳镜和耳部保护装备。故选A。【答案】4．B5．C6．D7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文（新闻报道）。文章主要讲述了年仅14岁的HemanBekele凭借他的创新发明—抗皮肤癌肥皂，从其他九名决赛入围者中脱颖而出、成为2023年3M青年科学家挑战赛的冠军。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。4．词义猜测题。根据划线词后文"standingoutamongnineotherfinalistswithhiscreativeinventionknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap"可知，年仅14岁的HemanBekele凭借他的创新发明——抗皮肤癌肥皂，从其他九名决赛入围者中脱颖而出，成为2023年3M青年科学家挑战赛的赢家。故划线词意思是"赢家"。故选B。5．细节理解题。根据第四段"Reflectingonhisinspiration,BekelesharedthathischildhoodinEthiopiaplayedasignificantroleinshapinghiscreativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyundertheburningsun,hecouldn'thelpbutwonderhowmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithprolongedsunexposure.(回顾他的灵感，贝克勒分享了他在埃塞俄比亚的童年在塑造他的创造性思维方面发挥了重要作用。目睹人们在烈日下不知疲倦地工作，他不禁想知道有多少人意识到长时间暴露在阳光下的风险)"可知，当Bekele在童年时目睹了在烈日下不知疲倦地工作的人们时、他有了发明抗皮肤癌肥皇的想法。故选C。6．推理判断题。根据第五段中""Iwantedtomakemyideanotonlyscientificallyexceptionalbutalsoaccessibletoabroadaudience,"BekeleexpressedduringaninterviewwithTheWashingtonPost.(贝克勒在接受《华盛顿邮报》采访时表示:"我不仅想让我的想法在科学上与众不同，而且想让广大观众都能接受。")"以及最后一段"Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanon-profitorganizationdedicatedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtounder-servedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.(在接下来的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，致力于将他的创新发明分发给服务不足的社区，为抗击皮肤癌提供希望和实用的解决方案)"可知，Bekele是一位充满爱心和雄心勃勃的人。故选D。7．推理判断题。根据第一段"Atjust14yearsold,HemanBekelebecametheNicoleofthe20233MYoungScientistChallenge,standingoutamongnineotherfinalistswithhiscreativeinventionknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap(肥皂).Anrecognitionofhisexceptionalachievement,thisninth-gradeteenagerissettoreceiveacashawardof$25,000.(年仅14岁的赫曼·贝克勒成为2023年3M青年科学家挑战赛的Nicole，凭借其创造性的发明——皮肤癌治疗皂，从其他九名决赛选手中脱颖而出。为了表彰他的杰出成就，这位九年级少年将获得2.5万美元的现金奖励)"可知，文章首段为报道的主题、下文具体介绍了背景、细节等，故本文可能是一篇新闻报道。故选C。【答案】8．B9．A10．D11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在澳大利亚的悉尼，由于森林的砍伐，葵花凤头鹦鹉习惯了靠近人类生活，并与人类开始了"争夺垃圾桶"大战。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和标题选择题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做标题选择题时，注意关注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判断标题是否准确的重要依据。利用关键词，文章中的关键词汇、短语或句子往往与标题有紧密联系，可以通过关键词汇的匹配来缩小选择范围。语境理解，理解文章的整体语境和作者的态度倾向，有助于准确把握文章的主旨和标题的选择方向。8．推理判断题。根据第二段"Lastyear,scientistsattheMaxPlanckInstitutereportedthatthecockatooshadlearnedhowtoopenthecoversoftrashbinsforfood.That'snotaneasyjob.(去年，MaxPlanck研究所的科学家报告称，葵花凤头鹦鹉学会了如何打开垃圾箱的盖子来获取食物。这可不是一件容易的事)"和最后一段"Nowmanycockatooshavelearnedhowtopushheavyitemsoffthebins.(现在，许多葵花凤头鹦鹉已经学会了如何将重物从垃圾箱上推下来)"可知，葵花凤头鹦鹉学会了如何打开垃圾箱的盖子来获取食物并学会了如何将重物从垃圾箱上推下来，可推知葵花凤头鹦鹉很聪明。故选B。9．细节理解题。根据第三段"Thistimethescientistsdecidedtostudyfurther.Theyweren'tjuststudyingcockatoos.Theywerealsostudyinghumans.(这次，科学家们决定进一步研究。他们不仅仅在研究葵花凤头鹦鹉，还在研究人类)"、第四段"Theywantedtoseehowmanybinswereprotectedandwhatmethodswereused.(他们想要了解有多少垃圾箱受到了保护，以及使用了哪些方法来保护这些垃圾箱)"以及第五段"Inonearea,overhalfthebinswereprotected.Themostcommonwayofprotectingthebinswastoputabrickorsomeotherheavyobjectsonthecover.Somepeopleputthingslikerubbersnakesonthetopoftheirbins.Thescientistsdiscoveredthatthehumanswereteachingeachothertricks,too.Inmostneighborhoods,manypeopleusedthesamecockatoo-stoppingmethodsastheirneighbors.(在一个区域，超过一半的垃圾箱得到了保护。最常见的保护方法是在盖子上放置砖头或其他重物。有些人甚至在垃圾箱顶部放上橡胶蛇等物品。科学家们发现，人类之间也在互相传授防止葵花凤头鹦鹉的技巧；在大多数社区里，许多居民使用的防鹦鹉方法和他们的邻居相同)"可知，在进一步的研究中，科学家们发现了人类是如何回应葵花凤头鹦鹉的这种行为的。故选A。10．推理判断题。根据最后一段""Weexpecttheseconflictstobecomemorecommonashumanstakeovermoreareasthatusedtobewild.We'dbetterunderstandtheanimalsweshareourliveswith,andbepatientwiththem,"theyadd.("我们预计，随着人类占用越来越多曾经是野生的区域，这类冲突将会变得更加常见。我们最好了解与我们共存的动物，并对它们保持耐心，"他们补充道)"可知,研究者认为是人类占领了这些野生动物的生存地，应理解它们，并对它们有耐心,，所以人类应该转变对它们的态度。故选D。11．标题选择题。通读全文并结合第一段"ScientistsreportthatpeopleinSydney,Australiaareinabattlewiththesebirds.(科学家报告称，澳大利亚悉尼的人们正在与这些鸟类进行一场战斗)"可知，本文主要介绍了在澳大利亚的悉尼，葵花凤头鹦鹉与人类就垃圾桶进行着拉锯战。故选D。【答案】12．A13．B14．A15．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。行星社会教育学理论提出：为应对全球危机，需通过系统性学习重建人与世界的联结。该理论认为人、社会与自然构成有机整体，强化归属感和责任感能激发个体影响力。当前可持续发展过度依赖经济技术，而学习型社会强调公民价值观转变——通过情感认知重建日常与自然/他人的纽带，从而推动绿色转型（涵盖消费、生产、生活方式变革），最终实现既可持续又更丰富充实的未来。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。12．推理判断题。根据第二段"TheTheoryofPlanetarySocialPedagogyisawayoflearningapplicabletoallsocietalsectors.Accordingtoit,people,societiesandtheworldareaninterlinked,systemicbody.Suchaworldviewcanmakelifemeaningful,increasepeople'sexperiencesofbelongingandinclusion,expandthescopeofcare,andhelppeopleidentifytheiropportunitiestoinfluence.(行星社会教育学理论是一种适用于所有社会部门的学习方式。根据该理论，人、社会和世界是一个相互关联的系统性整体。这样的世界观可以让生活更有意义，增加人们的归属感和包容感，扩大关怀的范围，并帮助人们发现自身的影响力机会。)"和文章第三段"Inatimemarkedbycrises,learningtobeonewiththeworldisincreasinglyessential.(在一个充满危机的时代，学会与世界融为一体变得越来越重要。)"可推知，文章提及行星社会教育学理论的目的是强调学会与世界融为一体。故选A。13．细节理解题。根据第三段"themostimportantreasonbehindtheupgrading(升级)planetarycrisesispeople'sbeingseparatedfromtheirsurroundingreality(行星危机升级背后最重要的原因是人们与周围现实的脱节)"可知，ProfessorSalonen认为全球危机不断上升背后的主要原因是人们脱离周围现实。故选B。14．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文提出"行星社会教育学"理论，强调通过学习型社会建立人与自然的共生关系，改变价值观和行为方式，推动系统性变革，实现更有意义的可持续未来，即可持续的未来要建立在学习型社会的基础上。故选A。15．推理判断题。根据第三段"AccordingtoProfessorArtoO.SalonenoftheUniversityofEasternFinland,thestudy'sleadauthor,themostimportantreasonbehindtheupgrading(升级)planetarycrisesispeople'sbeingseparatedfromtheirsurroundingreality.(该研究的主要作者、东芬兰大学的阿尔托·O·萨洛宁教授表示，地球危机升级背后最重要的原因是人们与周围的现实环境分离。)"、第四段"Hesays,"Aswetryforacomprehensivesustainabilitytransition(转变),weneedincreasinglypowerfulandmoresystemicinterpretationsofreality."(他说:"当我们尝试全面的可持续转型时，我们需要对现实进行越来越有力和更系统的解释。")"和第五段""Howwebecomeawareofoureverydayconnectiontootherpeopleandnatureatthelevelofouremotions,bodyandmindstandsatthecoreofthesustainabilitytransition,"saysErkkaLaininen,aco-authorofthestudy.(该研究的合著者ErkkaLaininen说:"我们如何在情感、身体和思想的层面上意识到我们与他人和自然的日常联系，这是可持续转型的核心。")"可推知，作者主要通过引述研究者的相关论述来说明主题，即可持续的未来要建立在学习型社会的基础上。故选C。【答案】16．G；17．B；18．E；19．F；20．D【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何保持和传承自身文化的几种方法。备选项的中文意思：

A.了解你所在文化的宗教传统。

B.与他人分享你所在文化的特点。

C.列举那些可能会失传的知识的例子。

D.不仅仅在节假日和重大活动时才聚在一起。

E.前往参加这些活动，以更广泛地了解你的文化。

F.只要读一读一份古老的食谱，你就会知道厨房用具发生了多大的变化。

G.如果你不积极保护你的文化，你就有可能失去赋予生活意义的习俗。

【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题技巧如下：1.看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2.首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3.精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4.看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5.解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though,however等。6.做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。16．由上文"Whenyouliveinaplacewhereyourcultureisthemainstream,youlikelydon'thavetoputmucheffortintopreservingit—it'sallaroundyou!Butwhathappenswhenyoungergenerationslosecontactwitholdergenerations?(当你生活在一个你的文化是主流的地方时，你可能不需要花太多精力去保护它——它就在你身边！但是当年轻一代与老一辈失去联系时会发生什么)"及下文"Hereareseveralthingsyoucando.(以下是你可以做的几件事)"可知，上文提到当年轻一代与老一辈失去联系时，文化可能会消失，下文则提到了一些保护文化的措施，可知空处应指出如果不主动保护文化，就会失去它。所以G选项"Ifyoudon'tactivelyprese