2026年法律英语阅读与翻译技能训练题集

2026年法律英语阅读与翻译技能训练题集一、阅读理解（共5题，每题2分，合计10分）题材：国际商法（英国）阅读以下关于《英国货物销售法》（SaleofGoodsAct1979）的段落，回答问题。Passage:TheSaleofGoodsAct1979governsthesaleofgoodsinEnglandandWales.UnderSection14,acontractforthesaleofgoodsisacontractcapableofbeingperformed.Thepartiesmustintendtocreatelegalrelations,andthegoodsmustbedescribedassamplesormodels.Section15statesthatwherethesellerhasnoreasonablegroundsforbelievingthebuyerintendstobuy,thesellerisnotboundtosell.However,ifthesellerhasreasonablegrounds,thebuyermustpaytheprice.UnderSection18,wheregoodsaresoldbydescription,thesellermustdelivergoodsthatcorrespondtothedescription.Ifthegoodsdonotmatch,thebuyermayrejectthem.Questions:1.AccordingtoSection14oftheSaleofGoodsAct1979,whatmustthepartiesintendforacontracttobelegallybinding?2.WhataretheconditionsunderwhichasellerisnotboundtosellunderSection15?3.UnderSection18,whatmustthegoodsdeliveredbythesellercorrespondtoifsoldbydescription?4.Ifthegoodsdelivereddonotmatchthedescription,whatrightdoesthebuyerhave?5.WhatisthesignificanceofsamplesormodelsinthecontextoftheSaleofGoodsAct?二、法律术语翻译（英译中，共5题，每题2分，合计10分）题材：美国合同法（UniformCommercialCode）将以下法律术语翻译成中文。1.Consideration2.Breachofcontract3.Warranty4.UCCSection2-315(Delivery)5.Impliedcontract三、段落翻译（中译英，共3题，每题4分，合计12分）题材：中国《民法典》合同编将以下段落翻译成法律英语。Paragraph:根据《中华人民共和国民法典》第四百六十五条，依法成立的合同受法律保护。任何一方不得擅自变更或解除合同，但经双方协商一致或法律规定除外。四、案例分析（共2题，每题5分，合计10分）题材：香港证据法（EvidenceOrdinanceCap.200）阅读以下案例，回答问题。Case:InacivilsuitintheHighCourtofHongKong,theplaintiffclaimeddamagesforbreachofcontract.Thedefendantarguedthatthecontractwasnotvalidbecausetherewasnowrittenagreement.Theplaintiffproducedanemailexchangeasevidenceofthecontract.Thedefendantcontesteditsadmissibility,claimingitwasnotsufficientlyreliable.ThecourtruledthattheemailcouldbeadmittedunderSection8(1)oftheEvidenceOrdinance,provideditmetthethresholdofreliability.Questions:1.UnderSection8(1)oftheEvidenceOrdinance,whatcriteriamustbemetforanelectroniccommunicationtobeadmissibleasevidence?2.Whydidthedefendantcontesttheadmissibilityoftheemail,andhowdidthecourtaddressthisissue?五、法律评论写作（共1题，10分）题材：欧盟数据保护法（GDPR）撰写一篇短文（200-250字），评论GDPR对跨国数据传输的影响，并分析企业应如何合规。答案与解析一、阅读理解答案1.Thepartiesmustintendtocreatelegalrelations.解析：根据Section14，合同成立的前提是双方意图建立法律关系。2.Thesellerhasnoreasonablegroundsforbelievingthebuyerintendstobuy.解析：Section15规定，若卖家无合理理由相信买家意图购买，则不承担销售义务。3.Thegoodsmustcorrespondtothedescription.解析：Section18要求，若以描述方式销售，货物须与描述一致。4.Thebuyermayrejectthegoods.解析：若货物不符描述，买家有权拒收。5.Samplesormodelsclarifythetermsofthesale.解析：样品或模型有助于明确合同条款。二、法律术语翻译答案1.Consideration→代价（对价）2.Breachofcontract→违约3.Warranty→保证4.UCCSection2-315(Delivery)→《美国统一商法典》第2-315条（交付）5.Impliedcontract→默示合同三、段落翻译答案AccordingtoArticle465oftheCivilCodeofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,contractslegallyformedareprotectedbylaw.Neitherpartymayunilaterallyalterorterminatethecontract,exceptwithmutualconsentorasprovidedbylaw.解析：译文严格遵循《民法典》原文，使用"Article"对应法律条文编号，"unilaterallyalterorterminate"准确表达"擅自变更或解除"。四、案例分析答案1.Theemailmustbereliableandrelevanttothecase.解析：根据Section8(1)，电子证据需满足可靠性（reliable）和相关性（relevant）标准。2.Thedefendantcontesteditsadmissibilityduetoconcernsaboutreliability.Thecourtaddresseditbyapplyingthethresholdtest.解析：被告质疑邮件可靠性，法院通过适用可靠性门槛（thresholdtest）作出裁决。五、法律评论写作答案GDPRsignificantlyimpactscross-borderdatatransfersbyimposingstrictrequirementsondatacontrollers.UnderArticle44,enterprisesmustensuredatatransferscomplywithadequacydecisionsorstandardcontractualclauses(SCCs).Toremaincompliant,companiesshouldconductdataprotectionimpactassessments(DPIAs),implementrobustsecuritymeasures,andobtainexplicitconsentwheren