2026年船长考证英语试题库100道附参考答案【预热题】

2026年船长考证英语试题库100道第一部分单选题(100题)1、AccordingtoSOLASChapterIII,theminimumnumberoflifebuoysrequiredonacargoshipwithagrosstonnageof1000GTis______.

A.6

B.8

C.10

D.12

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约救生设备要求知识点。正确答案为A，根据SOLASChapterIII，1000GT货船需至少配备6个救生圈（每500GT至少1个，且首尾、两舷分布不少于2个/舷）。B选项8个为小型客船标准，C选项10个和D选项12个均为大型船舶（如2000GT以上）的额外配置要求，不符合题干“minimum”（最低）条件。2、Whichentryshouldberecordedintheship'slogwhenthevesselanchors?

A.Anchored

B.Departure

C.Arrival

D.SeaTrial

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海日志记录规范。Anchored（锚泊）是船舶在锚地停泊时的标准日志记录内容；Departure（离港）记录船舶驶离港口的操作；Arrival（到港）记录船舶抵达港口的操作；SeaTrial（试航）是船舶建造或维修后的测试航行，非日常航行日志的常规记录。因此正确答案为A。3、AccordingtoSOLASConvention,eachshipshallbeequippedwithatleasthowmanylifeboatsforrescue?

A.2lifeboats

B.1lifeboat

C.3lifeboats

D.4lifeboats

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约中救生设备的基本要求。SOLAS公约（国际海上人命安全公约）规定，货船至少需配备2艘救生艇，客船需根据吨位和乘客数量增加配置（通常不少于2艘）。选项B'1lifeboat'（1艘救生艇）不符合公约最低要求；选项C'3lifeboats'和D'4lifeboats'为额外配置，非最低标准。因此正确答案为A。4、船舶在狭水道航行时，应采取的最佳操纵策略是？

A.保持航向稳定并使用车钟控制航速（如慢速前进）

B.全速前进以缩短航行时间

C.频繁转向以避开所有障碍物

D.仅依赖雷达导航，无需目视瞭望

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察狭水道航行操纵原则。狭水道内船舶应保持航向稳定，使用车钟控制航速（如慢速前进），避免突然转向或全速前进（易失控）。选项B错误，全速前进会增加碰撞风险；选项C错误，频繁转向易导致船位失控；选项D错误，狭水道航行需结合目视瞭望与雷达，确保安全。5、Duringsteeringoperations,whichtermdescribestheanglebetweentheship’slongitudinalaxisandthedirectionoftherudder?

A.Rudderangle

B.Yawangle

C.Heelangle

D.Sternangle

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察船舶操舵术语的定义，正确答案为A。解析：Rudderangle（舵角）是船舶纵向轴线（首尾线）与舵叶平面之间的夹角，直接决定船舶转向力矩的大小，是操舵操作的核心参数。选项B的Yawangle（偏航角）指船舶航行中船首偏离预定航向的角度，与舵角无关；选项C的Heelangle（横倾角）是船舶因外力倾斜的角度（如稳性不足时的倾斜），属于稳性范畴；选项D的“Sternangle”并非航海标准术语，属于干扰项。6、WhichwindspeedrangecorrespondstoBeaufortScaleNumber8?

A.12-16knots

B.17-20knots

C.20-28knots

D.28-33knots

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察Beaufort风级的风速范围。BeaufortScale8级（强风）对应的风速为17-20.7节，选项B（17-20knots）符合。选项A（12-16knots）为6级（强风），选项C（20-28knots）为10级（狂风），选项D（28-33knots）为11级（暴风）。因此正确答案为B。7、AccordingtoSOLASandIMOrequirements,whenmustasignificantnavigationaleventberecordedintheship'slogbook?

A.Immediatelyuponoccurrenceoftheevent

B.Duringthedailylogsummaryattheendofthewatch

C.Aftertheeventisfullyresolvedandrisksareeliminated

D.WhentheMasterchangesshiftsandtheeventisreportedbytheofficerofthewatch

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海日志的记录规范。根据SOLAS和IMO要求，航海日志需实时记录关键事件，确保信息准确及时。选项B延迟至每日总结易遗漏细节；选项C延迟至风险消除后记录会导致信息失真；选项D依赖换班报告不符合“谁发现谁记录”的原则。正确答案为A，强调航海日志的实时性和准确性要求。8、Whenberthingalargevessel,whichactionshouldtheMasterprioritizetoensuresafety?

A.Applyfullasternimmediatelyuponreachingtheberthtostoptheship

B.Maintainasteadyspeedandusebowthrusterstocontrollateralmovement

C.Dropbothanchorsatthefirstsignofdifficultytostabilizethevessel

D.Executealargestarboardturntoshortentheberthingdistance

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察船舶靠泊安全操作。靠泊时应保持稳定船速，通过车、舵和首侧推（bowthrusters）控制船位，避免失控。选项A全速倒车易导致船尾碰撞码头；选项C抛锚会损坏码头设施且无法有效控制船位；选项D大角度转向会增加碰撞风险。正确答案为B，符合靠泊时“稳速、控向、小角度调整”的安全原则。9、InaccordancewithSOLASConvention,whenshouldavesselsendthedistresssignal'Mayday'?

A.Whenthevesselisinimmediatedangerofsinking

B.Whenencounteringsevereweatherconditions

C.Whenacrewmembersustainsaminorinjury

D.Whenthevesselneedsassistancebutisnotindanger

【答案】：A

解析：ThisquestionteststheuseofdistresssignalsaccordingtotheSOLASConvention.ThecorrectanswerisA.'Mayday'isaninternationaldistresssignalandshouldonlybeusedwhenthevesselisinimmediatedangerofsinking(suchasfacingasinkingcrisis).OptionB,encounteringsevereweather,doesnotconstituteanimmediatedangerrequiring'Mayday'.OptionC,aminorinjurytoacrewmember,doesnotposeathreattolifeandsafetyanddoesnotrequire'Mayday'.OptionD,needingassistancebutnotindanger,shoulduseothersignalssuchas'SOS'or'Pan-Pan'insteadof'Mayday'.10、Duringradaroperations,thefunctionofthe'rangescale'isto:A.DeterminethemaximumdetectionrangeoftheradarsystemB.DisplaytheangularpositionofradartargetsrelativetotheshipC.IndicatethedistancefromtheradartodetectedtargetsD.Measurethetimetakenforradarpulsestotraveltoatarget

A.Determinethemaximumdetectionrangeoftheradarsystem

B.Displaytheangularpositionofradartargetsrelativetotheship

C.Indicatethedistancefromtheradartodetectedtargets

D.Measurethetimetakenforradarpulsestotraveltoatarget

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察雷达量程刻度（rangescale）的功能。雷达量程刻度是用于设置和显示目标距离的刻度盘，通过调整量程可观测不同距离的目标。选项A为雷达最大量程设置，选项B为方位刻度（bearingscale），选项D为脉冲传播时间（非量程刻度功能）。因此正确答案为C。11、Duringafireonboard,whichistheFIRSTactiontotakeaccordingtotheship'sfireemergencyplan?

A.Immediatelystartthefirepumptosupplywater

B.Soundthegeneralalarmandalertthebridge/crew

C.Attempttoextinguishthefirewithavailableextinguishers

D.Closeallopeningstopreventsmokespread

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察火灾应急处置流程。船舶火灾应急中，第一步应立即发出警报（如通用报警）并通知驾驶台及相关船员，以便启动后续救援、疏散及灭火行动。选项A启动消防泵通常在火势可控后或需供水时进行；选项C直接灭火可能因未报警导致火势蔓延；选项D关闭开口是控制火势的措施，需在报警后进行。因此正确答案为B。12、UndertheISMCode,whichofthefollowingisthemaster’sprimaryresponsibility?

A.Ensuringthesafenavigationoftheship

B.Recruitingallnewcrewmembers

C.Conductingmarineaccidentinvestigations

D.Maintainingtheship’sengineroomequipment

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察ISM规则（安全管理体系）中船长职责。ISMCode明确船长首要职责是确保船舶航行安全，包括遵守国际避碰规则、保障船员安全、控制船舶状态等。B选项船员招聘由船舶管理公司负责；C选项海事事故调查由主管机关执行；D选项轮机长负责机舱设备维护。因此正确答案为A。13、UnderSTCWConvention,theminimumrequirementsforawatchkeepingofficerincludeallEXCEPT______.

A.Competenceinseamanship

B.Proficiencyinnavigation

C.Abilitytohandleemergencies

D.Masteryofalllanguages

【答案】：D

解析：本题考察STCW公约值班驾驶员要求。STCW公约（《国际海员培训、发证和值班标准公约》）要求值班驾驶员具备：A.航海技能（seamanship）、B.导航熟练度（navigation）、C.应急处理能力（emergencies）等专业能力。选项D“Masteryofalllanguages”（精通所有语言）并非公约强制要求，值班人员仅需具备英语沟通能力，无需掌握所有语言，因此正确答案为D。14、InacrossingsituationasperCOLREGs,whichvesselmusttakeearlyandsubstantialactiontokeepoutoftheway?

A.Give-wayvessel

B.Stand-onvessel

C.Bothvessels

D.Neithervessel

【答案】：A

解析：ThisquestionexaminesthebasicruleofcrossingsituationinCOLREGs.Agive-wayvessel(A)islegallyrequiredtotakeearlyandsubstantialactiontoavoidcollision,asperRule14ofCOLREGs.Astand-onvessel(B)mustmaintaincourseandspeedunlessthegive-wayvesselfailstoact.'Bothvessels'(C)isincorrectbecauseonlythegive-wayvesselhastheobligationtogiveway.'Neithervessel'(D)iswrongasbothvesselshaveadutytoavoidcollision,withthegive-wayvesseltakingtheprimaryaction.15、Inrestrictedvisibility(e.g.,fog),whichvesselshoulddisplayanall-roundwhitelightandred/greensidelights?

A.Avesselnotundercommand

B.Avesselengagedinfishing

C.Avesselatanchor

D.Avesseltowinganothervessel

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察《国际避碰规则》中操纵能力受限船舶的号灯要求。根据COLREGs，“notundercommand”（操纵能力受限）船舶在能见度不良时，需显示全向白灯（all-roundwhitelight）和舷灯（red/greensidelights），以表明其操纵能力受限。B选项“engagedinfishing”（从事捕鱼）船舶在能见度不良时应显示的号灯为垂直两盏环照灯（上下）；C选项“atanchor”（锚泊）船舶应显示垂直两盏白灯和甲板灯；D选项“towinganothervessel”（拖带）船舶应显示号灯（如前后号灯），均不符合题意。因此正确答案为A。16、Themastershouldenterintheship’slogbookallimportanteventsaffectingthesafetyoftheship,EXCEPT______.

A.Collisions

B.Groundings

C.Minorweatherdamage

D.Manoverboard

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察航海日志记录规范。根据《国际海上避碰规则》及《航海日志管理规则》，船舶日志需记录所有影响船舶安全的重要事件，包括碰撞（A）、搁浅（B）、人员落水（D）等。选项C“Minorweatherdamage”（轻微天气损坏）因未达到影响安全的程度，通常无需详细记录，因此正确答案为C。17、Whentheofficerreports'Theshipismaking12knots',whichstatementiscorrect?

A.Theshipismovingat12kilometersperhour

B.Theship'sengineisrunningat12revolutionsperminute

C.Theshipismovingat12nauticalmilesperhour

D.Theshiphasadraftof12meters

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察船舶速度单位术语。航海中“knot（节）”是标准单位，定义为“nauticalmileperhour（海里/小时）”。选项A（公里/小时）是陆地速度单位，错误；选项B（发动机转速，rpm）与船速无关；选项D（吃水深度）混淆了“速度”与“吃水”概念。正确答案为C。18、AccordingtoSTCWCode,whichofthefollowingisacoreresponsibilityoftheMasterregardingwatchkeeping?

A.Maintainingthevessel'snavigationalrouteandsupervisingallwatchkeepingpersonnel

B.Conductingregularengineroominspectionstoensureequipmentisoperational

C.Directlyperformingalldeckoperationswithoutdelegatingtaskstoofficers

D.Ensuringthatallcrewmemberscompletedailylogbookentriesaccurately

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察STCW公约中船长值班职责。根据STCWCode第III章，船长核心职责包括保持航线安全、监督值班人员履行职责（选项A）。选项B是轮机长职责，选项C违背分权原则（船长需授权并监督而非直接操作），选项D属于驾驶员日常文书工作，非船长核心值班职责。19、Whichofthefollowingisamandatoryrequirementforallshipsover300grosstonsaccordingtoSOLAS?

A.Lifebuoy

B.Lifeboat

C.Fireextinguisher

D.EPIRB

【答案】：D

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约设备要求。选项A“Lifebuoy”（救生圈）虽为救生设备，但小型船舶也需配备，非300总吨以上船舶独有；选项B“Lifeboat”（救生艇）虽为SOLASIII要求，但300总吨以下船舶也可配备替代设备；选项C“Fireextinguisher”（灭火器）非公约强制核心设备；选项D“EPIRB”（应急无线电示位标）根据SOLASIV/1，所有300总吨以上船舶必须配备，用于遇险定位，因此正确答案为D。20、AccordingtoCOLREGs,whichofthefollowingcorrectlydescribestheobligationofa'stand-onvessel'?

A.Itmusttakeearlyandsubstantialactiontokeepoutofthewayofthegive-wayvessel

B.Itmustmaintainitscourseandspeedunlessitisclearthatthegive-wayvesselisnottakingappropriateaction

C.Ithastherightofwayandcanignorethegive-wayvessel'sactions

D.Itmustimmediatelyreversecoursetoavoidcollisionwiththegive-wayvessel

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察国际避碰规则中直航船（stand-onvessel）的责任。根据COLREGs，直航船的责任是保持航向和航速，除非明显看出让路船（give-wayvessel）未采取适当避让行动。选项A是让路船的责任，选项C错误（直航船也需关注让路船动态），选项D是极端错误的操作指令。21、Whenafirebreaksoutintheengineroom,whichofthefollowingistheFIRSTactiontheMastershouldtake?

A.Orderimmediateabandonmentofthevessel.

B.Initiatetheship'sfire-fightingplanandrequestassistance.

C.Shutdownallelectricalpowertotheengineroom.

D.Evacuateallpassengerstoasafearea.

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察火灾应急处置流程，正确答案为B。根据船舶应急程序，船长首要职责是启动消防计划（如使用固定灭火系统、组织船员灭火）并请求外部援助（如VHF呼救、通知附近船舶）。选项A（立即弃船）仅在火势失控时执行；选项C（关闭所有电力）可能中断应急设备运行；选项D（疏散乘客）需根据火势范围判断，非首要动作。因此B正确。22、Whichofthefollowingentriesmustberecordedintheship'sofficiallogbook?

A.Namesandpositionsofallpassengersonboard

B.Detailsofengineroommaintenanceprocedures

C.Changesintheship'spositionandheading

D.Weatherforecastforthenext24hours

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察航海日志的记录要求。航海日志需实时记录船舶航行核心参数，包括船位（position）、航向（heading）、航速、气象海况等。选项A（乘客名单）通常记录于其他文档；选项B（机舱维护）属于轮机日志范畴；选项D（天气预报）无需记录于航海日志。正确答案为C。23、InacrossingsituationasperCOLREGs,whichvesselisobligatedtotakeearlyactiontoavoidcollision?

A.Thevesselonthestarboardsideoftheother

B.Thevesselontheportsideoftheother

C.Thefastervessel

D.Thelargervessel

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察国际避碰规则（COLREGs）交叉相遇局面。正确答案为A。根据COLREGs第9条，交叉相遇时，“thevesselwhichhastheotheronherstarboardsideshallkeepoutoftheway”（右舷船为让路船），需主动采取避让行动。B选项“左舷船”在交叉局面中为直航船；C、D选项“速度/吨位优势”不构成让路义务，仅在追越局面中适用。24、AccordingtoCOLREGs,whentwopower-drivenvesselsareapproachingeachotherandcollisionisimminent,whichvesselshouldtakeearlyandsubstantialactiontoavoidcollision?

A.Thevesselwhichistoport

B.Thevesselwhichistostarboard

C.Thevesselwhichhastherightofway

D.Thegive-wayvessel

【答案】：D

解析：ThisquestionexaminesthebasicprinciplesoftheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs).AccordingtoCOLREGs,thegive-wayvessel(theonethatshouldgiveway)isrequiredtotakeearlyandsubstantialactiontoavoidcollisionwhentwopower-drivenvesselsareapproachingeachotherandcollisionisimminent.Thevesselontheportsideorstarboardsideisnotthedeterminingfactorfortakingaction.Thevesselwiththerightofwayshouldmaintainitscourseandspeedandnottaketheinitiativetochangecourseorspeed.SothecorrectanswerisD.25、AccordingtoSOLASConvention,thelifeboatsofashipshouldbestowedsuchthattheycan______.

A.Belaunchedonlyfromtheportside

B.Belaunchedonlyfromthestarboardside

C.Berapidlylaunchedfromeitherside

D.Bestowedinthehighestdecktoensurevisibility

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约中救生艇存放要求。正确答案为C。SOLAS公约明确救生艇应设计为能从船的两侧迅速降落，以确保船舶遇险时（如倾斜、沉没），可从任一舷侧快速释放，保障应急救援效率。选项A、B错误，仅单侧存放无法应对复杂海况下的双向应急需求；选项D错误，最高甲板易受船舶倾斜影响，且不利于快速降落操作。26、Whichinstrumentisusedtomeasurethedirectionofthewindrelativetotheship'sheading?

A.Anemometer

B.Windvane

C.Magneticcompass

D.Echosounder

【答案】：B

解析：Thisquestionisaboutidentifyingtheinstrumentusedtomeasurewinddirection.OptionBiscorrectbecauseawindvaneisspecificallydesignedtoshowthedirectionfromwhichthewindisblowingrelativetotheship'sheading.OptionA,anemometer,isusedtomeasurewindspeed,notdirection.OptionC,amagneticcompass,isusedtodeterminethedirectionoftheship'sheading,notthewinddirection.OptionD,anechosounder,isusedtomeasurewaterdepth,notwind.27、Whichcommunicationchannelisinternationallyrecognizedastheprimarydistressandsafetychannelformaritimeradiocommunication?

A.SSBChannel16

B.VHFChannel16

C.NAVTEXChannel87B

D.AISChannel161

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察国际遇险通信渠道。正确答案为B。A选项“SSB”（单边带）是通信设备类型，非频道；C选项“NAVTEXChannel87B”用于接收航行警告，不用于遇险呼救；D选项“AISChannel161”为船舶自动识别系统频道，无遇险功能。VHFChannel16（甚高频16频道）是《国际海上避碰规则》及SOLAS公约明确规定的全球遇险与安全专用频道。28、WhatistheEnglishtermforthedevicethatemitsacontinuoussoundsignaltoindicatethepresenceoftheship,suchasinfoggyconditions?

A.Fogsignal

B.SART

C.AIStransponder

D.EPIRB

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察船舶设备功能。正确答案为A，“Fogsignal”（雾号）在能见度低时（如雾中）发出持续声音信号；B选项SART（搜救雷达应答器）用于被雷达探测后反射定位；C选项AIS（自动识别系统）用于船舶间信息交换；D选项EPIRB（应急无线电示位标）用于遇险信号发射，均为错误选项。29、AccordingtoSOLASandISMCode,whichdocumentmustbemaintainedonboardashiptoverifycompliancewithsafetymanagementrequirements?

A.SafetyManagementCertificate(SMC)

B.DocumentofCompliance(DOC)

C.InternationalLoadLineCertificate

D.MARPOLAnnexICertificate

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察ISM规则下船舶必备安全管理文件。根据ISMCode，SafetyManagementCertificate(SMC，安全管理证书)是船舶层面的核心文件，用于证明船舶已建立并实施安全管理体系，符合SOLAS公约及公司安全管理要求。B选项“DOC”（DocumentofCompliance，符合证明）是公司层面的合规证明文件，非船舶必备；C选项“InternationalLoadLineCertificate”（国际载重线证书）是船舶稳性检验证书，与安全管理体系无关；D选项“MARPOLAnnexICertificate”（防油污证书）是船舶防污染检验文件，不属于安全管理范畴。因此正确答案为A。30、Whendescribingtheseastate,whichofthefollowingparametersistypicallyused?

A.Waveheight,period,anddominantwavedirection

B.Thewindspeedmeasuredatthebridge

C.Thedistancefromtheshoretothevessel

D.Thevisibilityrangeintheopensea

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察海况（Seastate）的定义参数。海况描述海面状态，核心参数包括波高（Waveheight）、周期（Period）及主波方向（Dominantwavedirection），以反映波浪的物理特征。选项B（驾驶台测量的风速）是风况参数，非海况定义；选项C（船岸距离）属于航行路线规划范畴；选项D（公海能见度）是气象能见度指标，与海况无关。因此正确答案为A。31、AccordingtoSOLASConvention,whichdocumentmustthemasterkeepreadilyavailableonboard?

A.Ship'sInternationalCargoDeclaration

B.Ship'sSafetyManagementCertificate(SMC)

C.InternationalLoadLineCertificate

D.PassengerListforallvoyages

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约核心文件要求。正确答案为B，《船舶安全管理证书（SMC）》是SOLAS公约要求船长随时备妥的关键文件，证明船舶符合安全管理规范；A选项载货申报单非强制必备；C选项载重线证书（LoadLineCertificate）虽重要，但非“随时可用”的核心管理文件；D选项乘客名单仅客船需按类型准备，均为错误选项。32、根据SOLAS公约，船舶救生艇降落装置应能在多长时间内将满载救生艇安全降落到水面？

A.1分钟

B.3分钟

C.5分钟

D.10分钟

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约中救生设备要求。SOLAS第III章明确规定，船舶救生艇降落装置必须具备在5分钟内将满载救生艇安全降落到水面的能力，以确保紧急情况下人员快速撤离；选项A、B时间过短，不符合实际操作要求；选项D时间过长，超出公约最低标准。因此正确答案为C。33、WhichEnglishcommandisusedtoorder'Hardtostarboard'forsteering?

A.'Hardaport'

B.'Hardtoport'

C.'Hardtostarboard'

D.'Hardaround'

【答案】：C

解析：ThisquestionisabouttheEnglishcommandforsteering.ThecorrectanswerisC.'Hardtostarboard'isastandardnauticaltermmeaning'hardtostarboard'.OptionA,'Hardaport',isnotastandardterm.OptionB,'Hardtoport',means'hardtoport'(portisleft),whichistheoppositeofthequestion.OptionD,'Hardaround',hasnostandardmeaningasasteeringcommand.34、SOLASChapterIIIprimarilyregulateswhichaspectofshipsafety?

A.Shipconstructionandfireprotection

B.Navigationequipmentandbridgewatchkeeping

C.Life-savingappliancesandarrangements

D.Radiocommunicationanddistresssignals

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约章节内容。正确答案为C。SOLASIII章全称为'Life-savingappliancesandarrangements'（救生设备与布置），明确规定救生艇、救生筏、救生衣等救生设备的配置与操作要求。选项A对应SOLASI章（船舶构造）；选项B对应SOLASV章（航行安全）；选项D对应SOLASIV章（无线电通信）。35、WhichofthefollowingistheprimaryresponsibilityoftheMasterregardingtheSafetyManagementSystem(SMS)?

A.Toensurethevessel'snavigationequipmentiswell-maintained

B.ToimplementandenforcetheSMSonboard

C.Topreparetheship'slogbookentriesforportinspection

D.ToreportallaccidentstotheMaritimeAdministrationimmediately

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察船长在安全管理体系（SMS）中的核心职责。根据ISMCode，船长的首要职责是确保SMS在船上有效实施和执行，包括制定计划、监督体系运行及处理不符合项。选项A（设备维护）主要由大副或轮机长负责；选项C（日志准备）为船长日常职责，但非SMS核心；选项D（事故报告）属于应急处理流程，非SMS实施的核心。因此正确答案为B。36、Duringafireintheengineroom,whichcommandisappropriateforcrewresponse?

A.'Abandonshipimmediately'

B.'Allhandstothefireparty'

C.'Manoverboard,startrecovery'

D.'Fullspeedaheadtoclearthearea'

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察船舶应急处置指令。当机舱发生火灾时，应立即指令消防小组（fireparty）开展灭火行动。A选项“弃船”仅在船舶沉没等极端情况下使用，非火灾初期指令；C选项“人员落水”指令与火灾无关；D选项“全速前进”会加剧火势并增加操作风险。因此正确答案为B。37、船舶航行日志（VoyageLog）中，无需记录的内容是？

A.船舶航速、航向及船位

B.能见度、气象条件及设备运行状态

C.货物装卸量及舱位调整情况

D.主机、舵机等关键设备的操作指令

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察航海日志记录规范。航行日志主要记录船舶航行过程中的动态（航速、航向、船位、气象、设备状态、操纵指令等）。选项C货物装卸量属于大副或理货报告范畴，非航行日志内容；选项A、B、D均为航行日志核心记录内容，故排除。38、Whichstatementabout'free-falllifeboat'iscorrect?

A.Itislaunchedbygravitywithoutmechanicalassistance,typicallyusedinhigh-speedvessels

B.Itisatypeoflifeboatthatrequiresmanualloweringbycrewmembers

C.Itisdesignedtobelaunchedonlywhentheshipisstationary

D.Itisequippedwithaself-rightingmechanismtopreventcapsizing

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察救生艇类型“free-falllifeboat”的特点。自由降落救生艇（free-falllifeboat）通过重力自由降落，无需机械辅助，常用于高速船舶或要求快速撤离的场景。选项B描述的是传统救生艇（如降落式救生艇），C错误（自由降落艇可在航行中使用），D是救生艇通用安全设计（非自由降落艇特有）。39、在风流影响下，船舶航行时，“set”和“drift”的正确定义是？

A.Set指流向，Drift指流速

B.Set指流速，Drift指流向

C.Set指风压差角，Drift指流压差角

D.Set指船首向，Drift指航向

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海术语中“流向”与“流速”的定义。在航海学中，“set”（流向）指水流或风向的来向，“drift”（流速/流向）指水流或风的移动速度。选项B颠倒了两者定义；选项C混淆了“风压差角”和“流压差角”（均为修正航向的角度，非set/drift本身）；选项D完全错误，与航海基础术语无关。40、WhichVHFchannelisinternationallydesignatedfordistressandsafetycommunications?

A.Channel13

B.Channel16

C.Channel70

D.Channel80

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察VHF遇险通讯频道。VHFChannel16（国际遇险与安全频道）是全球统一的遇险呼叫专用频道，船舶遇险时应优先使用16频道发送Mayday信号。Channel13用于引航员沟通，Channel70为DSC遇险频道（数据交换），Channel80为气象频道。因此正确答案为B。41、Whichnavigationequipmentisusedtodeterminetheship'spositionbymeasuringanglestofixedobjectslikebuoysorlighthouses?

A.GlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)

B.Radar

C.MagneticCompass

D.ElectronicPositionIndicatingSystem(EPIRB)

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察导航设备功能。Radar（雷达）可通过测量与固定物标（如灯塔、浮标）的方位角（角度）和距离，实现两方位定位或交叉定位，因此B正确。A（GPS）通过卫星直接定位，无需角度测量；C（磁罗经）仅指示航向，无法定位；D（EPIRB）是应急示位标，用于遇险求救，非定位设备。42、UnderSTCWCode,theterm'Watchkeeping'refersto______.

A.Theresponsibilityofofficerstomaintaintheship'scourse

B.Thedutyofpersonneltoensurethesafenavigationandoperationoftheshipwhileonwatch

C.Theprocessofconductingregularinspectionsoftheship'sequipment

D.Thepracticeofusingradarfordetectingnearbyvessels

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察STCW公约值班定义知识点。正确答案为B，STCWCode中“Watchkeeping”明确指值班人员在值班期间确保船舶安全航行与操作的职责，涵盖航行、设备监控、应急处置等全流程。A选项仅描述“保持航向”，片面；C选项“设备检查”属于日常维护，非值班核心职责；D选项“雷达探测”是航行辅助手段，非值班的定义性描述。43、Whatdoestheabbreviation'EPIRB'standforinmaritimesafetyequipment?

A.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingRadioBeacon

B.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingRadarBeacon

C.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingVHFBeacon

D.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingSatelliteBeacon

【答案】：A

解析：Thisquestionassessesmaritimeequipmentterminology.EPIRB(A)isdefinedasanEmergencyPosition-IndicatingRadioBeacon,adevicethattransmitslocationdataviasatelliteforsearchandrescue.OptionBconfusesitwitharadarbeacon(e.g.,SART),CincorrectlyusesVHFinsteadofradio,andDmisclassifiesitassatellite-basedonly(EPIRBscanusebothsatelliteandradiofrequencies).Thus,Aiscorrect.44、Upondiscoveringafireintheengineroom,themastershouldFIRST______accordingtoSOLASfiresafetyrequirements.

A.Soundthegeneralalarmandinitiatefire-fightingprocedures

B.Orderimmediateevacuationofallcrewmembers

C.Contactthenearestportauthorityforemergencyassistance

D.Attempttoextinguishthefirewithoutsoundingthealarm

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察船舶火灾应急处置的知识点。根据SOLAS及消防规范，发现火灾后船长应首先发出通用警报（generalalarm）以通知全船，并立即启动消防程序（如组织灭火、使用固定灭火系统）。选项B（全员撤离）仅在火势失控时执行，非“first”步骤；选项C（联系港口当局）需在初步控制火势后进行；选项D（不报警直接灭火）违反消防规程，可能延误最佳处置时机。因此正确答案为A。45、AccordingtoCOLREGs,whichvesselmusttakeearlyandsubstantialactiontokeepclearinacrossingsituation?

A.Give-wayvessel

B.Stand-onvessel

C.Bothvesselsequally

D.Neithervessel

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察避碰规则（COLREGs）核心条款，正确答案为A。根据《国际避碰规则》第14条，交叉相遇局面中，“让路船（Give-wayvessel）”（通常为右舷来船）需主动采取“早且显著”的避让行动；“直航船（Stand-onvessel）”（左舷来船）仅需保向保速，除非让路船未行动。选项B错误，因直航船无避让义务；选项C、D不符合规则规定，交叉局面中仅让路船需主动避让。46、Whichcommandisusedtoimmediatelystopthevessel'sforwardmovement?

A.Harda-port

B.Puttheenginesastern

C.Stopengines

D.Fullspeedahead

【答案】：C

解析：Thisquestionfocusesonshipmaneuveringcommands.'Stopengines'directlymeanstohaltthepropulsionsystemoftheship,whichcanimmediatelystoptheforwardmovement.'Harda-port'isacommandtoturntheruddertotheleft,whichisforchangingdirectionratherthanstopping.'Puttheenginesastern'isforreversingtheenginestoslowdownorback,butitdoesnotstoptheshipimmediately.'Fullspeedahead'istoincreasetheship'sspeed.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC.47、AccordingtoSOLASandmaritimeregulations,theMastershallensurethattheship'slogbook______.

A.Iskeptinalanguageunderstoodbyallcrewmembers

B.Recordsallnavigationaleventsaccuratelyandcontinuously

C.Issubmittedtotheportstateauthorityuponarrival

D.MustbewritteninEnglishonlyforinternationalvoyages

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察船长对航海日志的职责。SOLAS公约要求船长确保航海日志准确、连续地记录所有航行事件（如航向、航速、船位、气象、设备操作等）。选项A（船员易懂的语言）无强制要求，通常使用英语或当地官方语言；选项C（到港后提交港口国）为日志的保管要求，非船长“确保”的核心职责；选项D（仅英语）错误，国际航行可使用船旗国语言或英语。因此正确答案为B。48、WhichofthefollowingisamandatoryrequirementforashipunderSOLASConvention?

A.CarryingasufficientnumberoflifeboatsasperSOLASstandards

B.Usinginternationalcodeflagsforcommunication

C.Maintainingalogbookinaformatapprovedbytheship'sflagstate

D.ConductingweeklyfiredrillsasperSOLASrequirements

【答案】：A

解析：ThisquestionisaboutthemandatoryrequirementsoftheSOLAS(SafetyofLifeatSea)Convention.OptionAiscorrectbecauseSOLAShasstrictregulationsonthenumberandspecificationsoflifeboatstoensurethesafetyofcrewandpassengersinemergencies.OptionB:UsinginternationalcodeflagsisnotamandatoryrequirementofSOLAS;itisacommonmeansofcommunicationbutnotrequiredbytheconvention.OptionC:Theformatofthelogbookisusuallydeterminedbytheship'sflagstateorlocalmaritimeregulations,anditisnotadirectmandatoryrequirementofSOLAS.OptionD:SOLASrequiresregularfiredrills,butthefrequencyisnotspecifiedasweeklyintheconvention;itisusuallymonthlyorbasedontheship'sspecificsituation,and'weekly'isnotastandardmandatoryfrequency.49、AccordingtoSOLASregulations,whichdocumentmustbemaintainedonboardtorecordtheoperationandstatusoftheship'snavigationequipment?

A.NavigationLogbook

B.EquipmentMaintenanceManual

C.SafetyManagementManual(SMS)

D.RadioCommunicationLog

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约对船舶导航设备记录的要求。SOLAS明确要求《航海日志》（NavigationLogbook）记录导航设备的操作、维护及状态，是法定必备文件。选项B（设备维护手册）为操作指南，非记录文件；选项C（SMS）是安全管理体系文件，不直接记录设备状态；选项D（无线电通信日志）仅记录通信内容，与导航设备无关。因此正确答案为A。50、UndertheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs),whichofthefollowingscenariosdefinesacrossingsituation?

A.Twovesselswitharelativebearingof0°andtheircoursesareconvergingrapidly

B.Theircoursescross,andthereexistsariskofcollisionbetweenthem

C.Onevesselovertakesanother,andtheovertakenvesselisonitsstarboardside

D.Bothvesselsnavigateinthesamedirectionwithchangingrelativebearings

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察国际避碰规则（COLREGs）中交叉局面的定义。交叉局面的核心特征是两船航向交叉且存在碰撞危险。选项A描述的是对遇局面（head-onsituation），此时两船航向几乎相反；选项C描述的是追越局面（overtakingsituation），追越船需承担让路责任；选项D不符合交叉局面的基本定义，更接近平行航向但未交叉的情况。正确答案为B，因其严格符合COLREGs中交叉局面的定义。51、Whenavesselisanchoredinrestrictedvisibility(e.g.,fog),whichsoundsignalshoulditemiteveryminute?

A.Oneprolongedblasteveryminute

B.Twoshortblastseverytwominutes

C.Threeshortblastseveryminute

D.Oneshortblastfollowedbytwolongblasts

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察国际避碰规则（COLREGs）中的声号规定。根据COLREGsRule34，锚泊船在能见度不良时（如雾、霾中），应每分钟鸣放一长声（prolongedblast）以表明自身位置。选项B的两短声不符合锚泊船规定；选项C的三短声通常用于引航船等特殊船舶；选项D的组合声号无对应锚泊场景，故正确答案为A。52、Innarrowwaters,themostcommonmethodforsafenavigationis______.

A.Piloting

B.ParallelHeading

C.Leeway

D.Tacking

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察狭水道航行方法知识点。正确答案为A，因为在狭水道航行时，引航员（Piloting）凭借专业知识和经验引导船舶安全通过，是国际通用的安全航行方法。B选项“ParallelHeading”（平行航向）仅指航行姿态，非方法；C选项“Leeway”（偏航）是船舶因水流/风产生的自然偏移现象，非航行方法；D选项“Tacking”（抢风调向）是帆船特有的航向调整操作，不适用于机动船狭水道航行。53、Theofficeronwatchshouldgivetheorder'______'whenthemasterwantstheshiptoreducespeed.

A.Reducespeed

B.Slowdownimmediately

C.Stoptheengine

D.Holdspeed

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海英语指令规范。“Reducespeed”（选项A）是船长要求减速的标准指令。选项B“Slowdownimmediately”语气过强（仅紧急避让使用）；选项C“Stoptheengine”是停车指令；选项D“Holdspeed”意为保持速度，与题意相反。故正确答案为A。54、WhichweathersystemischaracterizedbyacentrallowpressureandcounterclockwisewindcirculationintheNorthernHemisphere?

A.TropicalCyclone

B.Anticyclone

C.Mid-latitudeCyclone

D.MonsoonDepression

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海气象学基础知识。热带气旋（TropicalCyclone）在北半球因科里奥利力呈逆时针旋转，中心气压极低（低压），符合题干描述。选项B错误，反气旋（Anticyclone）为中心高压，北半球顺时针旋转；选项C错误，温带气旋虽中心低压，但常伴随锋面活动，旋转特征不如热带气旋典型；选项D错误，季风低压是热带气旋的一种特殊类型，题干问“天气系统类型”，热带气旋更具代表性。故正确答案为A。55、WhichofthefollowingisNOTamandatoryGMDSSequipmentforinternationalvoyages?

A.EPIRB(EmergencyPositionIndicatingRadioBeacon)

B.SART(SearchandRescueRadarTransponder)

C.VHF(VeryHighFrequency)DSC

D.FOC(FixedOperationalCommunicationCenter)

【答案】：D

解析：本题考察GMDSS设备类型。正确答案为D，GMDSS系统由船舶配备的设备（如A、B、C选项）组成，而FOC是港口固定通信中心，属于岸上设施，非船舶必须配备的设备。56、Theterm'wayon'inmarinenavigationmeansthatthevessel______.

A.Hassufficientspeedtomaintainsteeragewayandisabletorespondtohelmorders.

B.Isabouttolosesteeragewayandshouldimmediatelyincreasespeed.

C.Hasanchoredandisnolongermovingthroughthewater.

D.Ismovingbackwardinreversegearatahighspeed.

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海术语“wayon”的定义。Wayon指船舶具备足够前进速度（steerageway），能保持航向并响应舵令。选项B描述的是“wayoff”（船速不足，即将失去操纵性）；选项C是