八年级英语单词表中英对照版

八年级英语核心词汇中英对照与应用指南语言的基石在于词汇，八年级是英语学习承上启下的关键时期，掌握核心词汇不仅是应对学业的基础，更是构建语言能力、拓展国际视野的阶梯。本词汇表精选八年级阶段需重点掌握的单词，按词性分类呈现，并辅以简要释义与常用搭配，旨在帮助同学们更系统、高效地进行词汇积累与运用。请记住，单纯的背诵远不及在语境中理解和运用来得有效。一、名词(Nouns)名词是指代人、事物、地点、概念等的词类，是句子构成的核心要素之一。1.人物与关系(People&Relationships)*teenager(青少年)-Apersonbetween13and19yearsold.*adult(成年人)-Apersonwhoisfullygrownordeveloped.*stranger(陌生人)-Someoneyoudonotknow.*neighbor(邻居)-Apersonwholivesnearyou.*friendship(友谊)-Therelationshipbetweenfriends.*member(成员)-Apersonbelongingtoagroup.*volunteer(志愿者)-Apersonwhoofferstodosomethingwithoutbeingpaid.2.日常物品与环境(DailyObjects&Environment)*item(物品)-Asinglething,especiallypartofasetorcollection.*tool(工具)-Adeviceorimplementusedtocarryoutaparticularfunction.*material(材料)-Thematterfromwhichathingisorcanbemade.*environment(环境)-Thesurroundingsorconditionsinwhichaperson,animal,orplantlivesoroperates.*pollution(污染)-Thepresenceinorintroductionintotheenvironmentofasubstancewhichhasharmfulorpoisonouseffects.*resource(资源)-Astockorsupplyofmoney,materials,staff,andotherassetsthatcanbedrawnonbyapersonororganizationinordertofunctioneffectively.3.学习与认知(Study&Cognition)*knowledge(知识)-Facts,information,andskillsacquiredthroughexperienceoreducation.*ability(能力)-Thepowerorskilltodosomething.*attention(注意)-Noticetakenofsomeoneorsomething;theregardingofsomeoneorsomethingasinterestingorimportant.*memory(记忆)-Thefacultybywhichthemindstoresandremembersinformation.*invention(发明)-Theactionofinventingsomething,typicallyaprocessordevice.4.情感与态度(Emotions&Attitudes)*emotion(情感)-Anaturalinstinctivestateofmindderivingfromone'scircumstances,mood,orrelationshipswithothers.*attitude(态度)-Asettledwayofthinkingorfeelingaboutsomeoneorsomething.*confidence(信心)-Thefeelingorbeliefthatonecanrelyonsomeoneorsomething;self-assurance.*courage(勇气)-Theabilitytodosomethingthatfrightensone;bravery.*kindness(善良)-Thequalityofbeingfriendly,generous,andconsiderate.二、动词(Verbs)动词是句子的灵魂，表达动作、状态或发生的事情。1.基本动作(BasicActions)*achieve(实现，达到)-Successfullybringaboutorreach(adesiredobjectiveorresult)byeffort,skill,orcourage.*consider(考虑，认为)-Thinkcarefullyabout(something),typicallybeforemakingadecision.*continue(继续)-Persistinanactivityorprocess.*describe(描述)-Giveanaccountinwordsof(someoneorsomething),includingalltherelevantcharacteristics.*discover(发现)-Findunexpectedlyorduringasearch.*influence(影响)-Haveaneffectonthecharacter,development,orbehaviorofsomeoneorsomething.*participate(参与)-Takepartinanactionorendeavor.*protect(保护)-Keepsafefromharmorinjury.2.心理活动(MentalActivities)*analyze(分析)-Examinemethodicallyandindetailtheconstitutionorstructureof(something,especiallyinformation),typicallyforpurposesofexplanationandinterpretation.*imagine(想象)-Formamentalimageorconceptof.*infer(推断)-Deduceorconclude(something)fromevidenceandreasoningratherthanfromexplicitstatements.*recognize(认出，识别)-Identify(someoneorsomething)fromhavingencounteredthembefore;knowagain.3.状态与变化(States&Changes)*belong(属于)-Bethepropertyof;beattachedtoorassociatedwith.*exist(存在)-Haveobjectiverealityorbeing.*remain(保持，留下)-Continuetoexist,especiallyafterotherpartshavebeenremovedordestroyed.*seem(似乎，好像)-Givetheimpressionofbeingsomethingorhavingaparticularquality.三、形容词(Adjectives)形容词用于修饰名词，描绘人或事物的特征、性质或状态。1.描述人(DescribingPeople)*ambitious(有雄心的)-Havingorshowingastrongdesireanddeterminationtosucceed.*creative(有创造力的)-Relatingtoorinvolvingtheimaginationororiginalideas,especiallyintheproductionofanartisticwork.*dependable(可靠的)-Trustworthyandreliable.*energetic(精力充沛的)-Showingorinvolvinggreatactivityorvitality.*honest(诚实的)-Freeofdeceit;truthfulandsincere.*intelligent(聪明的，有才智的)-Havingorshowingintelligence,especiallyofahighlevel.2.描述事物特征(DescribingCharacteristics)*accurate(准确的)-Correctinalldetails;exact.*effective(有效的)-Successfulinproducingadesiredorintendedresult.*essential(必要的，重要的)-Absolutelynecessary;extremelyimportant.*harmful(有害的)-Causingorlikelytocauseharm.*valuable(有价值的)-Worthagreatdealofmoney;veryusefulorimportant.3.描述程度与感受(DescribingDegree&Feelings)*considerable(相当大的，重要的)-Notablylargeinsize,amount,orextent.*extreme(极端的)-Ofthegreatestorhighestdegree.*favorable(有利的，赞同的)-Givingapprovaloradvantageous.*grateful(感激的)-Feelingorshowinganappreciationforsomethingdoneorreceived.*responsible(负责的)-Havinganobligationtodosomething,orhavingcontroloverorcareforsomeone.*significant(重要的，显著的)-Sufficientlygreatorimportanttobeworthyofattention;noteworthy.四、副词(Adverbs)副词主要用于修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。*actually(实际上，事实上)-Asamatteroffact;really.*especially(尤其，特别)-Usedtosingleoutonepersonorthingoverallothers.*gradually(逐渐地)-Inagradualway;slowly;bydegrees.*immediately(立刻，马上)-Atonce;instantly.*naturally(自然地，天生地)-Inanaturalmanner;withoutpretension.*particularly(特别，尤其)-Toagreaterextentthanisusualoraverage.*quickly(快速地)-Atafastspeed;rapidly.*seriously(严肃地，认真地)-Inasolemnorconsideredmanner.*suddenly(突然地)-Quicklyandunexpectedly.五、其他重要词汇(OtherImportantWords)1.介词(Prepositions)*among(在……之中)-Situatedmoreorlesscentrallyinrelationto(severalotherthings).*between(在……之间)-At,into,oracrossthespaceseparating(twoobjectsorregions).*beyond(超出，在……之外)-Atortothefurthersideof.*despite(尽管，不管)-Withoutbeingaffectedby;inspiteof.*exce