高中英语外研版选择性必修《A Delicate World》单元单词与课文学案教学设计

高中英语外研版选择性必修《ADelicateWorld》单元单词与课文学案教学设计一、核心词汇精讲（一）单词解析（含变形、释义、短语、例句）halfwaya./ad.a./ad.（在）中间的；中途的，半途的英语释义：(1)atanequaldistancebetweentwopoints;(2)inthemiddleofaperiodoftime例句：①Establishtherightrelationshipatworkandyou’rehalfwaythere.②Whenwereachedthehalfwaypointoftheproject,thingsbegantogetmoredifficult.③Thesaleswomanlefturgentlyhalfwaythroughthemeeting.dramaticallyad.显著地（sudden,greatandoftensurprising）；戏剧地单词变形：adj.dramatic；n.drama短语表达：adramaticincrease/fall/change（显著的增长/下降/变化）例句：①Theannouncementhadadramaticeffectonhouseprices.②Hestretchedhisarmsinadramaticgesture.③Afifthyearofdroughtisexpectedtohavedramaticeffectsontheregionaleconomy.④Atspeedsabove50mph,seriousinjuriesdramaticallyincrease.habitatn.（动植物的）生活环境；栖息地例句：①Thepanda’snaturalhabitatisthebambooforest.②Habitatassessmentandpredictionisthebaseforprotectionofendangeredspecies.③Wildlifephotographersaimtophotographanimalsintheirnaturalhabitat.appetiten.胃口，食欲（physicaldesireforfood）；欲望（desire）短语表达：①develop/haveanappetitefor（对……产生欲望/兴趣）②loseone’sappetite（没胃口）例句：①Hesufferedfromheadachesandlossofappetite.②Ourappetitefornewproductsalsocontributestotheproblem.③Thepatientinthewardhasanappetiteforfoodtoday.multiplyv.（使）大量增加，（使）倍增；乘相关表达：加减乘除（addition,subtraction,multiplicationanddivision）短语表达：①multiplytheriskof…（增加……的风险）②tosuffermultipleinjuries（多处受伤）例句：①Thechildrenarealreadylearningtomultiplyanddivide.②2multipliedby4is/equals/makes8.③Cigarettesmokingbineswithotherfactorstomultiplytherisksofcancer.④Itispossibletomultiplythesebacteriainthelaboratory.⑤Thesecreaturescanmultiplyrapidly.chaosn.大混乱；紊乱短语表达：①inchaos（处于混乱中）②economic/political/trafficchaos（经济/政治/交通混乱）例句：①Thebattlefieldneartheboundarywasinchaosafterthebattle.②Aseriousroadaccidentcausedtrafficchaosyesterday.③Thecitywasinchaosaftertheearthquake.conservationn.保护；节约单词变形：v.conserve；同义词：protection（保护）；saving（节约）短语表达：①wildlife/energyconservation（野生动物保护/节能）②theconservationoffuel/oldbuildings（燃料节约/古建筑保护）例句：①Conservationofwaterisofvitalimportance.②Thereisaneedfortheconservationoftrees,ortherewillsoonbenoforests.③Ecotourismisatypeoftourismthatconservestheenvironment.④Thefactorieshaveclosedfortheweekendtoconserveenergy.virusn.病毒相关词汇：细菌（bacterium,复数bacteria）短语表达：①thefluvirus（流感病毒）②avirusinfection（病毒感染）例句：①Therearediverseviruses,rangingfromthefluvirustoSARS.②Anunknownvirushasjustattackedtheputer.decreasev.（使）减少，（使）变少；n.减少；减少量同根词：decreasingadj.递减的；decrementn.减量同义词：reduce,diminish短语表达：①decreaseto/by/in（减少到/减少了/在……方面减少）②price/tax/wagedecreases（物价/税收/工资下调）③inthedecrease（在减少中）例句：①Theaveragerainfallhasdecreasedbyaround30percent.②Thisspeciesofbirdisdecreasinginnumberseveryyear.③Peopleplantedtreesonthewastehillstodecreasewaterandsoilloss.④Therehasbeensomedecreaseinmilitaryspendingthisyear.⑤Therehasbeenasteadydecreaseof/intemperature.trapn.陷阱，夹子；圈套；困境v.使陷入困境；夹住词形变化：过去式/过去分词trapped；现在分词trapping短语表达：①set/lay/placeatrapformice（设鼠夹）②fallinto/getoutofatrap（落入/摆脱陷阱）③betrappedin=bestuck/caughtin（被困在……）④theunemploymenttrap（失业困境）例句：①Solarpanelstrapenergyfromthesun.②Theyweretrappedintheburningbuilding.③Theescapedprisonerswereeventuallytrappedinanundergroundgarageandrecaptured.④BecauseofthegreenhouseeffecttheEarthiswarmedbygasestrappedintheatmosphere.departuren.离开；启程；出发单词变形：v.depart；反义词：arrival短语表达：thedeparturetime/gate（出发时间/登机口）例句：①Thetimefordeparturefromtheregionwasdrawingnearer.②Thesuddendeparturethrewtheofficeintochaos.③Thebadweatherdelayedthedepartureoftheship.explodev.爆炸；突然增加单词变形：n.explosion；adj.explosive（爆炸性的）短语表达：①explodeabomb（引爆炸弹）②explodewithanger/laughter（勃然大怒/捧腹大笑）例句：①Therewasahugebangasifsomeonehadexplodedarocketoutside.②Theexplosionwascausedbyaburstgaspipe.③Whenheated,thecontainerexploded,leavingoneblind.collapsevi./n.①倒塌（tofalldownorfallinsuddenly）②晕倒（falldownandbeeunconsciousbecauseofillness）③崩溃；垮掉（breakdown;tofailsuddenlyorpletely）短语表达：①collapsesuddenly（突然倒塌/晕倒）②collapsewithaheartattack（心脏病发作晕倒）③economiccollapse（经济崩溃）例句：①Theroofofthecafeteriacollapsedundertheweightofsnow.②Someonecollapsedandwasrushedtohospital,whereaseriousillnesswasdiagnosed.③Whengettinghome,manyliketocollapseonthesofaandlistentomusic.④Shearrivedhomeexhaustedandbarelycapableofshoweringbeforecollapsingonherbed.⑤Lotsofpeoplelosttheirjobswhenthepropertymarketcollapsed.⑥Whytheancientcivilizationcollapsedremainsamystery.⑦Thewallswerestrengthenedtoprotectthemfromcollapse.incidentn.事件（somethingunusualorunpleasantthathappens）近义词：event,occurrence短语表达：①aserious/violentincident（严重/暴力事件）②historicalincidents（历史事件）例句：①Therewasashootingincidentnearherelastnight.②Notlongago,anincidentthathappenedattheparktouchedmanypeoplegreatly.③Therewasaseriousincidentinvolvingagroupofyouths.owevt.欠（债）；应该做，应给予，欠（情）；应该把……归功于英语释义：(2)tofeelthatyououghttodosthforsborgivethemsth,becausetheyhavedonesthforyou(3)toexistorbesuccessfulbecauseofthehelporinfluenceofsb/sth短语表达：①owesb.sth.=owesth.tosb.（欠某人某物）②owesb.anexplanation/anapology（欠某人一个解释/道歉）③oweittosb.todosth.（有义务为某人做某事）④oweone’ssuccessto…（把成功归功于……）⑤owingto=dueto（由于）例句：①Shestillowesherfather$3,000.②Theyhavedeniedowingmoneytothepany.③Manyowemanythankstothosewhohavehelpedthem.④Ioweittohimtoexplainwhathappened.⑤Somesuspectthatthefirstjobwasowedtofriendship.⑥Manyowetheirgoodhealthtoaregularlife.⑦Owingtobadweather,theflightwasdelayedforacoupleofhours.nutrientn.养分，营养物相关变形：nutritionn.营养（学）；nutritionaladj.营养的；nutritiousadj.有营养的短语表达：①poornutrition（营养不良）②nutritionalvalue（营养价值）例句：Abalanceddietprovidesnutritionforthebody.parisonn.比较单词变形：vt.pare；近义词：contrast短语表达：①by/inparison(with)（与……相比）②pareAwithB（将A与B比较）③pareAtoB（将A比作B）例句：①Itisdifficulttomakeaparisonwiththepreviousbook—theyaredistinct.②Theamountofcarbondioxidereleasedbyhumanactivitiessuchasburningcoalandoilissmallinparison.③Hewasaloudfriendlyman.By/Inparison,hisbrotherwasshy.④paredwiththecoldoutside,awarmhouseisabetterchoice.visuala.视觉的，视力的同根词：visionn.视力；视觉；visualizev.想象；使形象化短语表达：①visualpollution/effects（视觉污染/视觉效果）②thevisualfield（视野）例句：Manyhaveaverygoodvisualmemory.sessionn.一段时间；开庭期，会期；学年英语释义：(1)aperiodoftimethatisspentdoingaparticularactivity(2)aformalmeetingorseriesofmeetingsofacourt短语表达：aphoto/recording/trainingsession（拍照/录音/培训时段）例句：①Aftertwolatenightsessions,thecouncilhasfailedtoreachagreement.②Theorganizationismeetinginemergencysessiontoday.mysteriousa.神秘的单词变形：n.mystery（神秘事物；谜）短语表达：①amysteriousincident/disappearance（神秘事件/失踪案）②remainamystery（仍是一个谜）例句：Byopeninganovel,onecanleavebehindburdensandenterintoawonderfulandmysteriousworldwheretheyareanewcharacter.statusn.身份，地位短语表达：socialstatus（社会地位）例句：①Thegroupwasdeniedlegalstatus.②Someachievedcelebritystatusovernight.③Certainprofessionsareundervaluedandneverenjoythesamestatusasothers.criterionn.标准，准则，原则同义词：standard,norm；复数：criteria例句：①Whatcriteriaareusedforassessingastudent’sability?②Theyawardagreenlabeltoproductsthatmeetenvironmentalcriteria.③Themostimportantcriterionforentryisthatapplicantsmustdesignandmaketheirownwork.rarea.稀有的，罕见的单词变形：ad.rarely；反义词：mon,ordinary短语表达：ararespecies/disease/occurrence（稀有物种/罕见疾病/罕见事件）例句：Anewtreatmentforarareblooddisorderhasbeenapproved.apparentlyad.显然（obviously）相关词汇：apparentadj.明显的；显然的例句：①Hepaused,apparentlylostinthought.②Thechildnodded,apparentlycontentwiththepromise.③Itwasapparentfromherfacethatshewasreallyupset.④Fornoapparentreason,thetrainsuddenlystopped.vasta.巨大的；辽阔的同义词：huge,enormous,extensive短语表达：avastamountofinformation（大量信息）例句：①Inthevastmajorityofcases,thisshouldnotbeaproblem.②Oncetherewasarulerwhogovernedavastempire.③Hestaredoutatthevastemptinessthatwasthesea.variationn.变化；差别（achangeorslightdifferenceinamountorlevel）单词变形：v.vary；n.variety（多样性）；adj.various（各种各样的）；adj.variable（可变的）短语表达：regional/seasonalvariation（地区/季节差异）例句：①Avariationofagenecaninfluencepeople’ssocialbehavior.②Thesurveyfoundawidevariationinthepriceschargedforcanteenfood.③Thereisconsiderablevariationintastesacrosstheregion.endangereda.濒危的，濒临灭绝的短语表达：①anendangeredspecies（濒危物种）②protectendangeredspeciesfromextinction（保护濒危物种免于灭绝）例句：①Thedebatecouldendangertheproposedpeacetalks.②Onecanobserveendangeredspeciesmakingappearancesincertainprotectedareas.securea.安全的，可靠的；稳固的；安心的；vt.使安全；获得单词变形：n.security（安全；保障）；insecurea.不安全的短语表达：①asecurejob/ine（稳定的工作/收入）②tosecureacontract（获得合同）例句：①Informationmustbestoredsothatitissecurefromaccidentaldamage.②Effortsaremadetoensurethatmarketshareremainssecureagainstpetition.③Shefinishedthematch,secureintheknowledgethatshewasthroughtothenextround.④Theteammanagedtosecureaplaceinthefinals.greetingn.问候；祝词短语表达：Christmas/birthdaygreetings（圣诞/生日祝福）例句：Theyexchangedgreetingsandsatdowntolunch.二、识记词汇速记heritagen.遗产；传统inhabitantn.栖居的动物；居民penguinn.企鹅ratn.大老鼠subsequentlyad.后来，随后；subsequenta.随后的；反义词：previous/prior/former（先前的）vegetationn.植物；草木erosionn.侵蚀parakeetn.长尾小鹦鹉immunityn.免疫力substantiala.大量的；重大的（considerable）；短语：asubstantialchange/breakfast（重大变化/丰盛的早餐）例句：①Substantialnumbersofpeoplesupportthereforms.②Theresearchprovidedsubstantialerventionn.干涉，介入；短语：militaryintervention（军事干预）postscriptn.附言pestn.害虫ecologyn.生态；ecosystemn.生态系统；ecofriendlya.环保的；ecotourismn.生态旅游dissolvev.（使）溶解herbala.用香（药）草制成的；herbn.药草，香草prosperv.兴旺，发达biologicala.生物的，与生物有关的altituden.海拔（高度）thrivev.茁壮成长fossiln.化石；livingfossils（活化石）；fossilfuel（化石燃料）florala.花的vertebraten.脊椎动物beehiven.蜂房，蜂箱elsewheread.在别处；到别处例句：Theanswertotheproblemmustbesoughtelsewhere.invasionn.涌入；入侵coexistv.共存，共处三、重点短语汇总onbehalfofsb.=onsb.’sbehalf代表英语释义：astherepresentativeofsborinsteadofthem例句：①Onbehalfofthedepartment,Iwouldliketothankyouall.②Anemotionalpublicappealwasmadeonsomeone’sbehalf.takeover接管；占领takein吸收；理解；欺骗takeup占据（时间/空间）；开始学习/从事takeon承担；呈现；雇佣takeoff起飞；脱下；突然成功takedown记下；拆除eupwith提出；想出turnout(tobe)结果是；证明是onceandforall一劳永逸地；彻底地inreturn作为回报；作为回应inturn依次；轮流；相应地accountfor占（比例）；解释；说明resultin导致；造成resultfrom由……引起bravetheelements不顾恶劣天气thanksto由于；幸亏四、课文重点解析（一）第一段重点内容核心句型：Thegreengrassandbarerockofitslandscapecontrastdramatically,givingitawildandnaturalbeauty.单词解析：barea.裸露的；无遮蔽的；短语：thebarebranchesofwintertrees（冬天树木的枯枝）；bareshelves（空货架）派生词：barelyad.勉强；几乎不；刚刚例句：①Webarelyhadtimetocatchthetrain.②Someonecouldbarelyremembertheridetothehospital.③Itwas90degreesandtheairconditioningbarelycooledtheroom.特殊句式：Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants,includingroyalpenguins,kingpenguins,andelephantseals,existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.句子主干：Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitantsexistedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitat.语法点：否定词位于句首的部分倒装适用情况：(1)否定副词：never、seldom、hardly、rarely、little、barely等(2)否定短语：atnotime、innoway、bynomeans、onnoaccount、undernocircumstances等例句：①NeverhaveIseensuchabeautifulsunset.②Hardlydidhesleeplastnightbecauseofthenoise.③Atnotimeshouldyougiveupyourdreams.④UndernocircumstanceswillIapprovethatplan.⑤Notonlydidhestudyhard,butalsohewasverygeneroustoothers.（二）第二段重点内容核心词汇：tragedyn.悲剧；tragica.悲剧性的复合句解析：It’satragicstorythatbeganin1810whenhumansarrivedontheisland.句子主干：It’satragicstorythatbeganin1810.语法点：定语从句，先行词为story，关系代词that引导定语从句；从句中包含when引导的时间状语从句。重点句型：Thesesmallanimalsquicklytookovertheisland,eatingthebirds’eggsandattackingbabybirds.句子主干：Thesesmallanimalsquicklytookovertheisland.语法点：现在分词短语eating…andattacking…作伴随状语，表主动和同时发生。take短语拓展：①Reporterstookdowneverywordofhisspeech.（记下）②Theplanetookoffanhourlate.（起飞）③Hetookoffmywetbootsandmademesitbythefire.（脱下）④Nootherorganizationwasableorwillingtotakeonthejob.（承担）⑤ShedecidedthatIwastheidealpersontotakeoverthejob.（接管）⑥Fishtakeinoxygenthroughtheirgills.（吸收）⑦Hetakesuphisdutiesnextweek.（开始承担）⑧Itookupmypositionbythedoor.（占据）（三）第三段重点内容核心句型：Looseontheisland,theydidwhatrabbitsdobest—theymultipliedrapidlyandbeganeatingthenativevegetationanddiggingholes,whichcausedsoilerosion.句子主干：Theydidwhatrabbitsdobest.语法点：形容词短语Looseontheisland作状语，表主语的状态；what引导宾语从句，作did的宾语；破折号后内容解释说明whatrabbitsdobest；which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容。单词解析：loosea.松动的；未被束缚的；自由的例句：①Checkthattheplughasnoteloose.②Sheusuallywearsherhairloose.③Thepotatoesweresoldloose,notinbags.④Thesheephadgotoutandwerelooseontheroad.（四）第四段重点内容核心句型：Expertsfeltitnecessarytoeupwithaplantoremovealltherabbitsfromtheisland.句子主干：Expertsfeltitnecessarytoeupwithaplan.语法点：it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语toeupwithaplantoremovealltherabbitsfromtheisland；necessary作宾语补足语。（五）第五段重点内容核心句型：Itturnedoutthattheydevelopedanimmunitytothevirus,andtheirnumbersexplodedonceagain.句子主干：Itturnedoutthattheydevelopedanimmunitytothevirus.语法点：It作形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句；turnout(tobe)结果是；证明是例句：①Itturnedoutthatshewasafriendofmysister.②Thejobturnedouttobeharderthanwethought.③Thehousetheyhadofferedusturnedouttobeatinyapartment.④Theforecastturnedouttobepletelywrong.⑤Lackofexperiencemayprovetobeafailure.重点句型：Thisincidentmadeitclearthattherat,mouseandrabbitproblemneededsolvingonceandforall.句子主干：Thisincidentmadeitclearthat…语法点：it作形式宾语，that引导真正的宾语从句；needdoing=needtobedone（需要被……）；onceandforall（一劳永逸地）（六）第六段重点内容核心句型：Theyhavebeentrainedtofindeverylastone,withoutharmingthenativeanimals.单词解析：everylast=everysingle（每一个；全部）；短语：everylastword/detail（每一个字/细节）例句：①Isatinthefront,tooknotesandevenrecordedeverysinglewordhesaidinclass,butinvain.②Likeallgreatevents,kindnessbeginsslowly,witheverysingleact.语法点：without为介词，后接动名词作宾语；相关语法填空考查例题：①Thereisthisunconsciouswaythatmanypeopleengagehumorwithoutthinkingaboutit.②ThebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthemtobeliftedfromthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.（七）补充课文重点解析核心句型：Itismygreatpleasuretogivealecturehereonbehalfoftheenvironmentalprotectionassociation.单词解析：associatev.联系；联想；交往例句：①Ialwaysassociatethesmellofbakingwithmychildhood.②Thesesymptomsareparticularlyassociatedwithcertainillnesses.强调句型：Isititsforeststhatstretchonandonlikegreenseas?单词解析：stretchv.伸展；延伸；持续例句：①Theexercisesaredesignedtostretchyourlegmuscles.②Theregion’shistorystretchesbacktoancienttimes.③Thebeachstretchesforoverfourmiles.定语从句：Isitthelegendaryfigureofherbalmedicine,afterwhomtheparkisnamed?语法点：介词前置（介词＋关系代词）引导的定语从句例句：①Thisisthefactoryinwhichmyfatherworks.②Themantowhomyouspokejustnowisourmanager.相关表达：以……命名（benamedafter…）例句：Thismodel,namedafteranancientphilosopher,haswonwidepopularity.核心句型：Itisalsooneoftherarelocationsintheworldwherescientistscanobserveinrealtimetheecologicalandbiologicalprocessesthatoccurastheplantsandanimalsdevelopandevolve.句子主干：Itisalsooneoftherarelocationsintheworld.语法点：第一个where引导定语从句，修饰locations；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰processes；as引导时间状语从句，表“随着”；realtime（实时）：Tomakethetrainingmorerealistic,themachineoperatesinrealtime.核心句型：Thevastrangeinaltituderesultsinagreatvariationinclimateconditions.单词解析：resultv.导致；产生例句：①Thesepoliciesresultedinmanypeoplesufferinghardship.②Joblossesresultfrominnovationinproduction.核心词汇：representv.代表；占；意味着例句：①Thiscontractrepresents20%ofthepany’sannualine.②Thisdecisionreprese