用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读-传统美德（原卷版）-2026届高考英语一轮复习讲练

用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读

传统美德

Passage1阅读理解A

主题语境：爱国将士语篇类型：记叙文词数：335建议用时：8分钟

WenTianxiangwasaprominentfigureinthetumultuous（

动荡的）finalyearsoftheSouthernSongDynasty.Bornin

LulingCounty,JiangnanWestRoad（present-dayQingyuan

District,Ji'anCity,JiangxiProvince）,heisrememberedasa

statesman,literaryfigure,andnationalhero.

In1256,attheageof21,WenTianxiangachievedthe

highesthonorbybecomingtheZhuangyuan（状，匕）inthepalace

examination.In1275,theYuanDynastylaunchedamassiveinvasionoftheSouthernSongterritories.*

Devotinghispersonalwealthtothecause,WenTianxiangrecruitedsoldierstodefendthekingdom,forwhich

hewasappointedasthemilitarycommanderforZhexiandJiangdong,withadditionalresponsibilitiesasthe

administratorofPingjiangPrefecture.Later,hewaspromotedtothepositionofPrimeMinisterand

simultaneously（同时）appointedastheMilitaryStrategist.

From1276to1277,WenTianxianglaunchedcampaignsinJiangxibutsuffereddefeats,retreatingto

Guangdong.In1278,afterZhaoBing'senlhronemenl（登基）asthelastSouthernSongemperor,Wenwas

appointedasDukeofXingguoandGrandGuardian.ThatDecember,hewascapturedatWupoling（modern

Haifeng,Guangdong）andtransportedtoDadu（Beijing）,enduringoverfouryearsofimprisonment.Despite

facingthreatsandtemptations,WenTianxiangremainedresoluteandrefusedtoyieldtohiscaptors.

OnJanuary9,1283,WenTianxiangdiedwithdignity,steadfasttohisprinciples.In1371,theHongwu

EmperorofMingposthumouslyhonoredhimwiththetitleZhonglie（忠烈），recognizinghisloyaltyand

heroism.

WenTianxiang'sliteraryconiribulionsareequallysignificant.Hisearlierworksdisplayasenseof

righteousindignation（义愤），whilehispoetrytookonamorerobustandunrestrainedstyleduringthe

Deyouera.HisfamouslinesfromPassingtheLingdingOceanresonatepowerfully:U4Lifehasseendeaths

sinceancienttimes;let'sleavebehindaloyalhearttoilluminatehistory."Thesewordshaveinspired

countlessindividualswho,likeWenTianxiang,strivefortheiridealsandprinciples.

1WhatcouldbetheproofthatWenTianxiangwasanationalhero?

A.WinningthetopacademichonorofZhuangyuan.

B.ServingasthetopofficialofPingjiangPrefecture.

C.Recruitingsoldierstodriveoutinvaders.

D.WorkingwithfulldevotionasthePrimeMinister.

2Whatdoestheunderlinedword^yield^meaninthethirdparagraph?

A.Supplysth.for.B.Givewayto.

C.Produceprofit.D.Bendorbreak.

3WhatwasthelikelypurposeoftheMingDynastytograntthehonorarytitletoWenTianxiang?

A.Tocallitssoldierstofighthardtodefendthekingdom.

B.Tosetanexampleofdeterminationforlatergenerations.

C.ToshowrespecttoWenTianxiang,scontributions.

D.ToadmireWenTianxiang,stoughenduranceinprison.

4Wherecanyoumostprobablyreadthistext?

A.DynastiesinChineseHistory.B.ChineseAncientPoetrySelections.

C.PrinciplesofScholarsinAncientChina.D.ChineseHistoricalFigures.

Passage2阅读理解B

主题语境：历史故事语篇类型：记叙文词数：340建议用时：8分钟

WoxinChannelan,ort4slcepingonfirewoodandtastinggall”isaChineseidiomdescribingself-imposed

hardship（oachievevengeanceorambition.*Itisderivedfrom（hestoryoftheKingGoujianofYue,who

forcedhimselftosleeponfirewoodandlickagallbladdereverydaytorememberthehumiliationofhis

previousdefeatbytheStateofWu.

WuandYuewererivalstatesinthelowerYangtzeregionduring

theSpringandAutumnPeriod.FuchaiwasthesonofKingHeliiofWu

Hebecamekingin495BC,followingthedeathofhisfatherfrom

injuriessustainedduringaninvasionofYue.In494BC,Fuchai

defeatedtheYuearmyandforcedthemtowithdrawtoMountKuaiji.

FuchaiacceptedtheadviceofChancellorBoPi,whowasbribedby

Yue,andmadeafavorablepeacewithYue.Later,Goujianwenttothe

WucountoserveFuchai.Hishardworkearnedhim（heking'strust,

andGoujianwaspermittedtoreturntohiskingdomafterthreeyears.

In482BC,FuchaisuccessfullychallengedtheDukeofJinforthestatusofhegemon（霸主）in

Huangchi.Whilehewasawayinthenorthwithhisarmy,Goujiantriedtoimprovehisownarmy.Itwassaid

thatGoujianhadbeennursinghisbitternessbysleepingonfirewoodandbytastinggalleachmorning.For

tenyears,heimprovedhisrealm'sgovernance,whilepersonallyinspiringhispeoplebyworkinghisown

fieldsashiswifemadethreadandwovebyhand.ItissaidthatGoujianalsodistractedFuchaifromstate

affairsbysendinghimtheYuebeautyXiShi.In473BC,Goujian'sforcesdefeatedWu.Fuchaiwasforced

tocommitsuicideandWuwasannexedbyYue.

Goujian'sreigncoincidedwiththelastmajorconflictoftheSpringandAutumnperiod,duringwhich

heultimatelyledYuetovictory.Duetothisachievement,somehistoricalaccountsconsiderGoujianthelast

oftheFiveHegemons（五霸）oftheSpringandAutumnPeriod.

1WhydidGoujiansleeponfirewoodandtastegalleveryday?

A.Tokeepuphisambitiontobeahegemon.

B.Toexperiencethehardlifeofthepoorpeople.

C.Toremindhimselfofthepreviousdefeat.

D.ToencouragehissoldierstoconquerWu.

2WhichofthefollowingcontributedmosttoGoujian'svictoryoverWu?

A.Astrongerarmy.B.Long-termstrategyandpatience.

C.Personalambition.D.Unyieldingdetermination.

3Whatcanweconcludefromtheprovcrbtksleepingonfirewoodandtastinggall”？

A.Constantdrippingwearsastone.B.Itisnevertoolatetolearn.

C.Wherethereisawillthereisaway.D.Simplelifemakesoneexcellent.

4Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.HegemonsoftheSpringandAutumnPeriod.

B.TheStoryBehindWoxinChangdan.

C.Goujian'sStrategiestoWinovertheSlateofWu.

D.WarsandConflictsBetweenStatesofWuandYue.

Passage3七选五阅读

主题语境：历史人物语篇类型：记叙文词数：305建议用时：7分钟

YutheGreatwasaheroinancientChina,whosemostremarkableaccomplishmentwastamingthe

floods.1.HeestablishedtheXiaDynasty,whichwasconsideredthefirsthereditarydynastyin

Chinesehistory.

2.ThesituationbecameevenworsewhileShunwastheleader.Underthecommandof

Shun,Gun,thefatherofYu,foundoutawaytotamethefloods.Later,Yuwasorderedtosucceedhisfather

toharnessthefloods.Yufiguredoutawayofdiggingchannelstoconductthewaterintothesea.After

thirteenyearsoffightingagainstthefloods,hefinallyhadthemundercontrol.

Afterthat,YutheGreatorganizedpeopletorebuildtheirsheltersanddevelopagriculturebymaking

fulluseofwaterandsoilresources.Hehadhissonteachpeoplehowtocultivatericeandothercrops.In

addition,fish,ducks,andgeesewerebredundertheguidanceofYutheGreat.Healsodirectedthemasses

todigditchestoleadthewaterflowingintothefarmlands.3.

WhatmakesYutheGreatalegendisthatjustfourdaysafterhismarriage,helefthometoregionsthat

wereseverelydestroyedbyfloodstotamethewater.Hereachedalmosteverywhereofthecountryduring

thebattleagainstthisnaturaldisaster.4.Hissonwasbornduringhisabsence,buthestilldid

notcomeback.

5.Yangcheng(present-dayDengfenginHenanProvince)wasmadethecapital.The

establishmentoftheXiaDynastyopenedupanewerainChinesehistory,whichsymbolizedtheendofthe

primitivetribalallianceandthebeginningoftheclasssociety.YutheGreatisadmirednotonlyforhis

unremittingendeavorstofightagainstnaturaldisaster,butalsoforforgettingabouthisownintereststohelp

otherpeople.

根据短文内容，从下面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A.Hewasalsoanexcellentpoliticalleader

B.Thatwasthebeginningofancientagriculture

C.YutheGreatestablishedtheXiaDynastyaround2070BC

D.Withhisgreathelp,peoplelivedhappylivesafterwards

E.Peoplewereverygratefulforhiseffortandmadehimtheemperor

F.Inprehistorictimes,peoplesufferedalotfromfloodsoftheYellowRiver

G.Forthirteenyears,heneverenteredhishousethoughhepassedbyitthreetime

Passage4完形填空

主题语境：人际关系语篇类型：记叙文词数：263建议用时：13分钟

DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod,theKingofQiwasthe

firstHegemon.Hehadtwo1assistants,GuanZhong

andBaoShuYa.Thetwoweregoodfriends,whounderstoodand

2eachother.

GuanZhong'sfamilywasverypoorandhehadtosupporthis

mother.Knowingthis,BaoShuYaaskedGuanZhongto3businesswithhim.Whenthey

startedthebusiness,GuanZhonghadno4,soBaoShuYatookoutalmostallofthe5

.However,afterthebusinessmademoney,GuanZhonggotmorethanBaoShuYa.TheservantofBaoShu

Yacouldnot6itandcomplained.BaoShuYaexplainedwitha7smile,uGuan

Zhong'sfamilyispoorandhehastosupporthismother,soifsokaytotakealittlemore.”

*AfterDukeHuanofQi(XiaoBai)ascendedthethrone,hedecidedto8BaoShuYathe

primeminister,butBaoShuYa9GuanZhong,whoonceattemptedtoassassinate(行刺)XiaoBai.

BaoShuYasaid,“Youcan,tl0himforthat,hedidittohelphisJJXiaoBai

listenedtoBaoShuYaandaskedGuanZhongtocomebackasChancellor,andGuanZhong12

helpedXiaoBaitogovernQiverywell!

Lookingbackonhisexperience,GuanZhongsaidwithgreat13,“Myparentsgaveme

life,butthe14whotrulyunderstandsmeisBaoShuYa!”Later,whenpeople15

theirfriendsfbrtheirdeepfriendship,theywouldsaythattheywere4tThefriendshipbetweenGuanand

Bao”.

1A.hopefulB.carefulC.powerfulD.delightful

2A.trustedB.respectedC.consideredD.agreed

3A.takeupB.investinC.getthroughD.leavefor

4A.familyB.ideaC.interestD.money

5A.destinyB.timeC.capitalD.confidence

6A.believeB.standC.explainD.understand

7A.pleasantB.contentC.considerateD.proud

8A.nameB.judgeC.electD.make

9A.recognizedB.recommendedC.choseD.determined

10A.mindB.disapproveC.punishD.blame

11A.motherB.beliefC.masterD.career

12A.normallyB.properlyC.reallyD.strongly

13A.satisfactionB.emotionC.amusementD.strength

14A.personB.ministerC.merchantD.servant

15A.praisedB.valuedC.took0.judged

Passage5语法填空

主题语境：名人介绍语篇类型：说明文词数：263建议用时：8分钟

YanHuicamefromapoorfamily,1hepossessedexceptionalintelligenceandlearning

abilities.2ayoungman,hedevelopedaprofoundinterestin

theethicalphilosophyandmoralcultivationofConfucianismandmadeafirmdecisiontofollowthe

teachingsofConfucius.*Hissharpintellectandoutstandingmoralcharactercaughttheattentionof

Confucius,3heldYanHuiinhighregardandregardedhimasoneofhisfavoritestudents.

YanHuiupheldstrictmoralstandards,withbenevolence(仁慈)andcompassionascorevalues,and

4(strive)topracticetheseprinciples.Hcbelievedintreatingotherswithkindness,respectingrituals,and

pursuingthenoblequalitiesofmorality.Continuously5(reflect)onhimself,heendeavoredto

improvehisconductandcharacter,aspiringtobecomea6(good)person.Confuciusconsidered

YanHuiasacapableinherilor(继承者)ofhisteachingsandprovidedhimwithspecialguidanceand

education,enablinghis7(think)toreachdeeperlevelsofdevelopment.

However,YanHui'slifewas8(tragic)short-lived.Duetohisfrailhealth,hepassedaway

atayoungage,leavingConfuciusdeeplysaddenedandlongingfbrYanHui'smoralcharacterand

scholarlytalent.

AlthoughYanHui'slifewasbrief,hisacademicachievementsandmoralqualitiesareforever

rememberedandreveredbypeople.YanHui,9(take)asanexample,madegreatdedicationand

contributionsplayingacrucialpartinbuildingaharmonioussocietyandfosteringoutstandingindividuals.

10thoughtsandspiritofYanHuiwillcontinuetoinfluencepeople'svaluesandbehavioralstandards,

shiningeternally(永恒地)intheinheritanceofChineseculture.

阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

12

34

56

78

910

考点积累

Passage1阅读理解A

单词短语

1prominentadj.显著的；著名的4recruitv.征召

2tumultuousadj.动荡的5imprisonmentn.监禁；关押

3imperialadj.皇帝的；帝国的6illuminatev,照亮

经典句式

Thesewordshaveinspiredcountlessindividualswho,likeWenTianxiang,strivefortheiridealsand

principles.

（who引导定语从句，修饰先行词individuals）

Passage2阅读理解B

单词短语

1firewoodn.柴火4governancen.统治

2withdrawv.撤退5annexv.吞并

3reignn.（君主）统治时期；在位时期6vengeancen.报仇；复仇

经典句式

1Hebecamekingin495BC,followingthedeathofhisfatherfrominjuriessustainedduringan

invasionofYue.

（现在分词短语作时间状语；过去分词短语作定语）

2ItwassaidthatGoujianhadbeennursinghisbitternessbysleepingonfirewoodandbytastinggall

eachmorning.

（it为形式主语；that引导主语从句）

Passage3七选五阅读

单词短语

1hereditaryadj.世袭的4tribaladj.部落的

2harnessv.治理;疏导5unremittingadj.不懈的；持之以恒的

3ditchn.沟渠

经典句式

YutheGreatwasaheroinancientChina,whosemostremarkableaccomplishmeniwaslamingthe

floods.

（whose引导非限制性定语从句，对hero进行补充说明）

Passage4完形填空

单词短语

Ihegemonn.霸主4governv.治理;统治

2assassinatev.暗杀;行刺5capitaln.资金；本金

3recommendv.推荐

经典句式

IMyparentsgavemelife,butthepersonwhotrulyunderstandsmeisBaoShuYa!

（who引导定语从句，修饰先行词person）

2Later,whenpeoplepraisedtheirfriendsfortheirdeepfriendship,theywouldsayIhatthey

were4tThefriendshipbetweenGuanandBao”.

（when引导时间状语从句；【hat引导宾语从句）

Passage5语法填空

单词短语

1exceptionaladj.卓越的；杰出的4ritualn.礼仪

2ethicaladj.道德的5endeavorv.努力；尝试

3upholdv.支持；维护

经典句式

1Duetohisfrailhealth,hepassedawayatayoungage,leavingConfuciusdeeplysaddenedand

longingforYanHui'smoralcharacterandscholarlytalent.

［现在分词短语作结果状语）

2AlthoughYanHui'slifewasbrief,hisacademicachievementsandmoralqualitiesareforever

rememberedandreveredbypeople.

（although引导让步状语从句）

语料积累

话题高频词汇

1uprightadj.正直的;诚实的10modestyn.谦虚；谦逊

2courageousadj.勇敢的；无畏的11.loyaltyn.忠诚；忠实

3strong-mindedadj.有主见的；坚持己见的12patrioticadj.爱国的

4self-disciplinedadj.能律己的13perseverancen.毅力；韧性

5honestyn.诚实14moraladj.道德的；品行端正的

6trustworthyadj.值得信任的；可信赖的15