2026年小学五年级语文上册期末考试押题试卷及答案(人教版)

2026年小学五年级语文上册期末考试押题试卷及答案(人教版)一、基础知识与积累（本题共10小题，共35分）1.看拼音，写词语。请将词语工整地书写在田字格中。（本题共5分，每词1分）（1）jùnmǎ（2）ēnhuì（3）dǎnqiè（4）fēnfù（5）lǎnduò2.选择题：下列词语中，加点字的读音完全正确的一项是（本题共3分）A.便（pián）宜剔（tī）透纠（jiū）正闷（mèn）雷滚动B.剔除（tī）迸（bèng）裂踱（duó）步矫（jiǎo）健C.依偎（wēi）拗（niù）不过瞻（zhān）仰乘（chéng）机D.谴（qiǎn）责交换（huàn）召（zhào）集任劳任怨（yuàn）3.选择题：下列词语书写完全正确的一项是（本题共3分）A.完壁归赵负荆请罪理直气壮同心协力B.难以置信完好无缺绝口不提神机妙算C.千钧一发呕心沥血居高临下众星拱月D.抑扬顿挫金壁辉煌再接再厉举世闻名4.选择题：下列句子中，加点成语使用不恰当的一项是（本题共3分）A.面对敌人的严刑拷打，江姐斩钉截铁，宁死不屈。B.这座博物馆里收藏的奇珍异宝，真是琳琅满目，令人叹为观止。C.他在讲台上夸夸其谈，但实际操作起来却手忙脚乱，不知所措。D.两个小家伙为了争夺一块糖果，竟然在课堂上大动干戈，把老师气得七窍生烟。5.按要求完成句子练习。（本题共8分，每小题2分）（1）蔺相如对秦王说：“您现在离我只有五步远，您不答应，我就把您和您的命撞碎在这柱子上。”（改为转述句）________________________________________________________________（2）太阳虽然离我们很远很远，但是它和我们的关系非常密切。（用加点的关联词造句）________________________________________________________________（3）这里的环境那么恶劣，难道不让人感到绝望吗？（改为陈述句）________________________________________________________________（4）读下面的句子，注意体会人物的内心，再从“焦急、后悔、激动”中选择一个词语，仿写一句话。例：他瞪着眼睛，脸涨得通红，手不停地敲击着桌子，心里想着：怎么还没下课！仿写：____________________________________________________________6.填空题：古诗词与日积月累默写。（本题共6分，每空1分）（1）九州生气恃风雷，____________________。我劝天公重抖擞，____________________。（2）____________________，非是藉秋风。（虞世南《蝉》）（3）孤帆远影碧空尽，____________________。（4）盛年不重来，____________________。及时当勉励，____________________。7.选择题：下列对课文内容的理解，不正确的一项是（本题共3分）A.《落花生》一课中，父亲用花生告诉我们“人要做有用的人，不要做只讲体面，而对别人没有好处的人”的道理。B.《将相和》通过“完璧归赵”“渑池会面”“负荆请罪”三个小故事，记叙了将相之间由和到不和再到和好的经过。C.《什么比猎豹的速度更快》这篇课文主要运用了列数字、作比较等说明方法，介绍了多种事物的运动速度。D.《慈母情深》中，母亲之所以给“我”钱买书，是因为家里经济条件宽裕，母亲想支持“我”的读书爱好。8.语言综合运用：班级正在开展“少年正是读书时”综合性学习活动，请你完成以下任务。（本题共4分）（1）【设计标语】请你为本次活动设计一条宣传标语，要求至少使用一种修辞手法。（2分）________________________________________________________________（2）【口语交际】你的好朋友小明最近沉迷于网络游戏，无心向学，你打算怎么劝说他？请把你想对他说的话写下来。（2分）________________________________________________________________9.判断题：下列说法正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”。（本题共3分，每小题1分）（1）说明性文章的语言可以风格多样，有的平实，有的活泼，无论哪种风格，描述都要准确、清楚、有条理。（）（2）汉字从甲骨文开始，演变过程大致是：甲骨文→金文→小篆→隶书→楷书。（）（3）我们在阅读过程中，如果遇到不理解的词语，必须立刻停下来去查字典，否则会影响阅读速度。（）10.选择题：下列词语搭配不当的一项是（本题共3分）A.改进方法改正错误改善生活B.发挥作用发扬优点发展生产C.增强信心增加友谊增进了解D.建立制度建设桥梁树立威信二、阅读理解与鉴赏（本题共2大题，共30分）（一）课内阅读（本题共5小题，共15分）那个星期天，母亲答应带我出去。但是，那天早晨，母亲竟然要加班。我蹲在草丛里，看着母亲那一去不返的背影，心里很是失落。……（此处省略部分情节）……下午，我看见母亲回来了，便跑过去问：“妈，什么时候出去？”母亲说：“等一会儿。”这一下我就放心了。我坐在桌旁，看着母亲在厨房里忙碌。我看着那一缕阳光照在她的身上，照在她忙碌的背影上。那光线一点一点地移动，从她的背上移到她的头发上，又从她的头发上移到桌子上。天色暗下来。光线消失了。母亲还在忙碌。我有些不耐烦了，问：“妈，怎么还不走？”母亲说：“快了，快了。”我看着窗外，看着天色一点一点地暗下去。我的心里也一点一点地暗下去。终于，母亲忙完了。她洗了手，走过来，看着我说：“我太累了，明天再去吧。”我看着母亲，看着她疲惫的眼睛，看着她额头上细密的汗珠，看着她因为劳累而有些佝偻的背影。我的眼泪流了下来。那个星期天，本该是快乐的，却因为母亲的忙碌，变得如此漫长。11.选段出自史铁生的《那个星期天》。文中“我”的心情经历了怎样的变化？请按顺序填写。（本题共3分）失落→__________→__________→__________12.请从文中找出描写环境（光线）变化的句子，并说说这样写的好处。（本题共4分）句子：______________________________________________________________好处：______________________________________________________________13.文中画线句子“我的心里也一点一点地暗下去”运用了什么修辞手法？有什么深刻含义？（本题共4分）________________________________________________________________14.结合全文，谈谈你对结尾“那个星期天，本该是快乐的，却因为母亲的忙碌，变得如此漫长”的理解。（本题共4分）________________________________________________________________（二）课外阅读（本题共5小题，共15分）①有人说，幸福是星级宾馆里山珍海味间的觥筹交错；有人说，幸福是高档舞厅里动人旋律中的翩翩起舞；有人说，幸福是端座奥迪、宝马车于人流如潮的大街上招摇过市；也有人说，幸福是待在密室里数着成叠的钞票……②可是，我要说，幸福，是一份平淡的生活。③幸福，是妈妈手里那碗热气腾腾的面条。当你在外面奔波了一天，拖着疲惫的身躯回到家时，妈妈早已为你准备好了晚餐。那碗面条里，虽然没有山珍海味，却充满了妈妈浓浓的爱意。吃上一口，暖流便会涌遍全身，所有的疲惫都会烟消云散。④幸福，是灯下家人那关切的眼神。当你伏案苦读，为了攻克一道难题而绞尽脑汁时，父亲或母亲会悄悄地端来一杯热茶，放在你的桌角。那无声的关怀，那鼓励的眼神，会给你无穷的力量，让你信心倍增，勇往直前。⑤幸福，是困难时别人伸出的援助之手。当你遭遇挫折，心灰意冷时，朋友一句温暖的话语，一个真诚的拥抱，都会让你重新振作起来。那不仅仅是一份帮助，更是一份心灵的慰藉，让你明白，你不是孤单一人。⑥幸福，是平凡日子里的一点一滴。它不需要惊天动地的壮举，不需要轰轰烈烈的誓言。它就像一杯白开水，虽然平淡无味，却是生命中不可或缺的滋养。⑦也许有人会问，幸福在哪里？幸福其实就在我们身边。它藏在妈妈的唠叨里，躲在爸爸的责备里，显现在老师的微笑里，流露在同学的祝福里。⑧不要总把目光投向那些虚无缥缈的繁华，不要总把幸福寄托在物质的享受上。只要我们用心去感受，去体会，去珍惜，就会发现，幸福其实很简单。它是一份平淡的生活，是一份真实的情感，是一颗感恩的心。⑨幸福，就这么简单。15.文章第①段列举了人们对幸福的几种看法，作者这样写的目的是什么？（本题共3分）________________________________________________________________16.文章第③、④、⑤段分别从哪三个方面阐述了“幸福”的含义？请简要概括。（本题共3分）（1）______________________________________________________________（2）______________________________________________________________（3）______________________________________________________________17.第⑥段中画线句子“它就像一杯白开水，虽然平淡无味，却是生命中不可或缺的滋养”运用了什么修辞手法？有什么表达效果？（本题共4分）________________________________________________________________18.联系上下文，理解第⑦段中“唠叨”和“责备”在文中表达的感情。（本题共3分）________________________________________________________________19.读完这篇文章，你对幸福有了怎样的新的认识？请结合你的生活实际谈一谈。（本题共2分）________________________________________________________________三、习作表达（本题共1小题，共35分）20.题目：那一刻，我长大了要求：（1）在成长的过程中，总会有某一个时刻，某一件事情，让你突然觉得自己长大了。请你围绕“那一刻，我长大了”写一篇记叙文。（2）内容要具体，感情要真实，语句要通顺。（3）书写工整，卷面整洁。（4）字数不少于450字。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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