河北省定州市2022-2023学年高二暑假期末考试英语试题

2/2河北省定州市2022-2023学年高二暑假期末考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解MyFavoriteTravelBooksMatthewKarstenhasbeentravelingaroundtheworldfornineyearsnow,anditallstartedafterhewasinspiredbyreadingsomeusefultravelbooks.Hereishispersonallistofthebestreads.TravelsWithaDonkeyintheCévennesRobertStevensonItisoneofthefirsttravelbooksIhaveread,whichtakesmeonawalkingjourneywithRobertandhisdonkey(驴)MosestineacrossamountainousregionofFrance.Igettofeelwhattravelingthrough1870’sEuropewaslike.Robertandhisdonkeydon’tgetalongwellatfirst,buttheyfinallylearntobecometravelcompanions.WorldWalkStevenNewmanWorldWalkisthestoryofnewspaperwriterStevenNewmanwhopackedhisbagattheageof28tostartafouryear-longjourneyaroundtheworldonfoot.Hewalkedhiswayacross22countriesinfiveco6dheartfeltstoriesofthepeoplehemetalongtheway,aswellaswildadventuresAlessonofhopeandloveistoldthroughtheexcitingbackpacking.OntheRoadJackKerouacOntheRoadisaclassicAmericantravelbook.Thestory,whichisbasedonKerouachimself,tellsusaboutDeanMoriarty’scross-countryjourneyacrossAmericainthe1940’s.Agreatreadforthosewhowouldliketoescapetherealworldforawhileandjustgowherethewindblowsthem.TheCatWhoWenttoParisPeterGethersForsomeonewhoexpectstoexperiencelife-changingwondersthatawaitabroad,there’sperhapsnobetterresource(资源)thanTheCatWhoWenttoParis.PeterGethers’globaljourneywithacatnamedNortonputsanoteofhumorintomanycommontravelsituations.1．Whodoes“I”refertointhetext?A．RobertStevenson. B．MatthewKarsten. C．StevenNewman. D．JackKerouac.2．WhichbooktellsabouttravelsinAmerica?A．WorldWalk. B．OntheRoad.C．TheCatWhoWenttoParis. D．TravelsWithaDonkeyintheCévennes.3．WhatdotheworksbyStevensonandGethershaveincommon?A．Theyarebasedonthesameexperience. B．Theyshowausefulskillinraisingcats.C．Theyareaboutajourneywithananimal. D．TheyfocusonalovestoryinEurope.【答案】1．B2．B3．C【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本关于旅行的书籍。1．细节理解题。根据第一段“MatthewKarstenhasbeentravelingaroundtheworldfornineyearsnow,anditallstartedafterhewasinspiredbyreadingsomeusefultravelbooks.(马修·卡斯滕已经环游世界九年了，这一切都始于他读到一些有用的旅行书籍后)”以及TravelsWithaDonkeyintheCévennes部分中“ItisoneofthefirsttravelbooksIhaveread(这是我读过的最早的旅行书籍之一)”可知，I指的是MatthewKarsten。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据OntheRoad部分中“OntheRoadisaclassicAmericantravelbook.(《在路上》是一本经典的美国旅行书)”可知，OntheRoad讲述了在美国的旅行。故选B。3．细节理解题。根据TravelsWithaDonkeyintheCévennes部分中“ItisoneofthefirsttravelbooksIhaveread,whichtakesmeonawalkingjourneywithRobertandhisdonkey(驴)MosestineacrossamountainousregionofFrance.(这是我读过的最早的旅行书之一，它带我与罗伯特和他的驴莫斯汀一起徒步穿越法国的山区)”以及最后一部分“PeterGethers’globaljourneywithacatnamedNortonputsanoteofhumorintomanycommontravelsituations.(彼得·盖瑟斯和一只名叫诺顿的猫的全球旅行为许多常见的旅行场景带来了幽默)”可知，史蒂文森和盖瑟斯的作品的共同之处是它们是关于和一个动物的旅行。故选C。Twomanagersinthesameorganizationwerecomingintoconflictwhenhavingdisagreementsintheirwork.Afterthinkingaboutaparticularlytroublingissuethroughoutthenight,thefirstmanagerwrotealettertotheotherone,outlininghisthoughtsasreasonablyaspossible.Hegaveittotheotherpersonandaskedhimtoreaditlaterandsuggestedthatafterworkingthroughtheiranger,theydiscussitagain.Thefollowingdaythefirstmanagerstoppedbytheofficeoftheotherandaskedhowitwouldgo.Thesecondoneadmittedthathewasveryupsetatfirst,butafterthinkingitoverherealizedthatmostoftheirdisagreementswereforalackofunderstanding.Hestatedthathefeltiftheycoulddiscussitwithoutlosingtheirtempers,theycouldworkthingsout.Thatisexactlywhattheydidlaterandgottheissuesettledwithflyingcolors(成功地).AmericanpresidentAbrahamLincolnwasknownforwritingtwoletterswhenheneededtocommunicatewithsomeoneelsewhohadmadehimangry.Hefirstwrotealetterthatseverelyconveyedjustwhathethought.Thenhetoreupthatletterandwroteasecondonethatwasappropriateandreasonable,andsenttheletterout.Effectivecommunicationisthekeytoanyrelationship.Whenweallowourselvestobecomeemotionalandreactimmediatelytowhatwefeelwithoutthinking,emotionsoverwhelm(压倒)thesituationandpreventtruecommunication.Stepback,thinkevaluatewhathappenedorwhatwassaid,andasktoclarifyquestionsifitisneeded.Then,youcanrespondappropriately.Don’tletoverwhelmingemotioncontrolyourlife.Instead,choosetothinkandprocessinternallywhatevercomesyourwaybeforeexternallyresponding.Thatiswhenyoucancommunicatewithotherseffectivelyandyouwillbeabletokeepgoodrelationshipswiththem.4．Whatdidthefirstmanagerdoinhisletter?A．Heexpressedhisgeneralideasreasonably.B．Heexplainedwhytheissuewastroubling.C．Heapologizedtothesecondmanagersincerely.D．Heinvitedthesecondmanagertodiscusstheissue.5．WhatisthestoryofLincolnintendedtoexpress?A．Anygreatmancangetangry.B．MakingplanBisnecessaryinwork.C．Writingletterswasverypopularinthepast.D．Weshoulddealwithmattersaftercalmingdown.6．Whatwillreactingimmediatelywithoutthinkingprobablyleadto?A．Abadfirstimpression. B．Ineffectivecommunication.C．Thehighchanceoffailure. D．Thebreakdownofarelationship.7．Whatshouldpeopledoforbettercommunication?A．Learntoanswerquestionsindirectly. B．Avoidangertokeepgoodrelationships.C．Neverbeoverwhelmedbyyouremotions. D．Thinkreasonablybeforemakingadecision.【答案】4．A5．D6．B7．C【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过生活事例表明：通过控制自己的情绪才能进行有效的沟通，更好地解决生活中的冲突。4．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Afterthinkingaboutaparticularlytroublingissuethroughoutthenight,thefirstmanagerwrotealettertotheotherone,outlininghisthoughtsasreasonablyaspossible.(在考虑了一个特别棘手的问题一整晚之后，第一个经理给另一个经理写了一封信，尽可能合理地概述了他的想法。)”可知，第一位经理给另一位写了一封信，尽可能合理地说明了他的想法。故选A项。5．推理判断题。根据第三段“AmericanpresidentAbrahamLincolnwasknownforwritingtwoletterswhenheneededtocommunicatewithsomeoneelsewhohadmadehimangry.Hefirstwrotealetterthatseverelyconveyedjustwhathethought.Thenhetoreupthatletterandwroteasecondonethatwasappropriateandreasonable,andsenttheletterout.(众所周知，当美国总统亚伯拉罕·林肯需要和让他生气的人沟通时，他会写两封信。他首先写了一封信，严肃地表达了他的想法。然后他把那封信撕了，又写了一封合适而合理的信，然后把信寄出去了。)”可知，林肯写了一封信，严肃地表达自己的想法，然后把信件给撕掉，又写一封更加合理的信，最后寄出去，所以这个故事告诉我们应该冷静之后再处理问题。故选D项。6．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Whenweallowourselvestobecomeemotionalandreactimmediatelytowhatwefeelwithoutthinking,emotionsoverwhelm(压倒)thesituationandpreventtruecommunication.(当我们让自己变得情绪化，不假思索地对自己的感受做出反应时，情绪就会压倒局面，阻碍真正的沟通。)”可知，对一件事不假思索地立即作出反应，这可能会阻止真正的交流，即导致无效沟通。故选B项。7．细节理解题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段第一句“Don’tletoverwhelmingemotioncontrolyourlife.

(不要让压倒性的情绪控制你的生活。)”可知,作者所给的建议是，有效的沟通是要控制自己的情绪，不被情绪奴役。故选C项。Everythingoneenjoysinlifehasaprice.Thereisnofreelunchintheworld,for,generally,someonepays.ThisrealityinformswhyweneedtobecarefulwhensurfingontheInternet.Everyactionhasitsconsequence;nothingisfree.Therefore,onepaysforeverythingelse,somehow,somewhereandsometime;andtheInternetisnoexception.Itneverforgives.Itneverforgets.Besidesthefactthatsomeoneseesandcanlocatewhoeverisusinganydevicethathasatinyfrontcamera(cellphone,tablet,laptopordesktop),youleavedigitalfootprintseachtimeyouvisittheInternet.Isitnotsurprisingthatoftensearchenginesandonlinemarketingplatformssuggesttoyouthingssimilartowhatyouhavealreadysearchedfororbought?Thisfactispossiblebecauseyouleavedigitalfootprints.ThesefootprintscannotberemovedontheInternetsolongastheInternetexists.Deletingisapuretrickbecauseitgivesyoutheimpressionthatthestuffisgone.Butitremains.ItisgonefromonelevelofInternetoperationsbutremainsatotherdeeperlayers.Allourdigitalfootprintsandrecordsareallstoredinthecybercloud.AsimpleanalysisofyouractivitiesontheInternetforthepasttenyearswillshockyouastotheextenttheInternetremembers.YetresponsibleuseoftheInternetcanbeaboonforayoungperson.PreventionintimesavesonefromfallingvictimtothedestructiveconsequencesofthemisuseoftheInternet.Rightlysaid,unexamineduseoftheInternetandirresponsibleinvolvementwiththesocialmedialeadstopsycho-socialandemotionaldisordersthatupsetprogressandruinaperson.WhileengagingintheInternet,bemindfulthatyouractivitiestodaycanworkagainstyouinthenear,distantoreternalfuturewhenyoumighthavegrownorchanged.TheInternetneverforgets,sobecarefulofyouractivitiesonsocialmedia.Whileengaginginsocialmedia,thinkaboutthefuturesoasnottoallowtheInternettoruinyourdream.Indeed,somesufferawfulconsequencesbecauseoftheirchildishness,carelessnessorignorance.Keepinmindalways:theInternetneitherforgivesnorforgets.8．Whatcanwelearnabout“deleting”inParagraph2?A．Itcancompletelyremovethestuffyoudon’twant.B．ItremainsoncertainlayersofInternetoperations.C．Itwillbestoredforashorttimeinthecybercloud.D．Itcanbesomehowtraceddownwithintenyears.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“boon”meaninParagraph3?A．Benefit. B．Talent. C．Problem. D．Burden.10．What’sthewriter’sattitudetotheInternetfootprints?A．Doubtful. B．Uninterested. C．Cautious. D．Unclear.11．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．UsersshoulddeletedigitalfootprintstimelywhilesurfingtheInternet.B．PeopleshouldputtheInternetsecurityinthefirstplaceanytime.C．InternetsurferswillsufferconsequencesunlesstheInternetforgives.D．PeopleshouldusetheInternetresponsiblyincaseofaterriblefuture.【答案】8．B9．A10．C11．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出我们留在互联网上的足迹是不能被删除的，互联网永远记得我们利用它做过的事情。因此我们，尤其是年轻人，要负责任地使用互联网，以预防和避免成为破坏性后果的受害者。8．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Deletingisapuretrickbecauseitgivesyoutheimpressionthatthestuffisgone.Butitremains.ItisgonefromonelevelofInternetoperationsbutremainsatotherdeeperlayers.(删除是一个纯粹的把戏，因为它给你的印象是东西已经不见了。但它依然存在。它从互联网运营的一个层面消失了，但仍然存在于其他更深的层面)”可知，互联网上的“删除”是假象，它仍然存在于互联网运营的某些层面。故选B。9．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“PreventionintimesavesonefromfallingvictimtothedestructiveconsequencesofthemisuseoftheInternet.(及时预防可以避免一个人成为滥用互联网的破坏性后果的受害者)”可知，负责任地使用互联网对年轻人来说是好事，可以及时预防和避免成为破坏性后果的受害者。因此猜测boon意为“好处”，与benefit同义。故选A。10．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“TheInternetneverforgets,sobecarefulofyouractivitiesonsocialmedia.(互联网永远不会忘记，所以要小心你在社交媒体上的活动)”推知，作者对互联网足迹持谨慎态度。故选C。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Whileengaginginsocialmedia,thinkaboutthefuturesoasnottoallowtheInternettoruinyourdream.Indeed,somesufferawfulconsequencesbecauseoftheirchildishness,carelessnessorignorance.(在使用社交媒体的时候，想想未来，不要让互联网毁了你的梦想。的确，有些人因为幼稚、粗心或无知而遭受可怕的后果)”推知，为了防止可怕的未来，人们应该负责任地使用互联网。故选D。Theearthhasmanymysteriesforpeopletoexploreandweliveontheearthforprotection.DoyouknowthattheearthhastwoNorthPoles?There’sthegeographicNorthPole,whichneverchanges.Andthere’sthemagnetic(有磁性的)NorthPole,whichisalwaysonthemove.Overthepast150years,themagneticNorthPolehascasuallywandered685milesacrossnorthernCanada.Butrightnowit’sracing25milesayeartothenorthwest.Thiscouldbeasignthatwe’reabouttoexperiencesomethinghumanshaveneverseenbefore:amagneticpolarflip(翻转).Andwhenthishappens,itcouldaffectmuchmorethanjustyourcompass.Rightnowonthesurfaceoftheplanet,itlookslikeit’sjustabarmagnet.Ourcompassesarejustpointingtoonepoleatatimebecausethere’smainlyatwo-polesystem.Butsometimes,theearthdoesn’tjusthaveasinglemagneticNorthandSouthPole.Evidencesuggeststhat,forhundredstothousandsofyearsatatime,ourplanethashadfour,six,andeveneightpoles.Thisiswhathashappenedwhenthemagneticpolesflippedinthepast.Andwhenithappensagain,itwon’tbegoodnewsforhumans.Nowyoumightthink,eightpolesmustbebetterthantwo.Buttherealityisthatmultiplemagneticfieldswouldfighteachother.Thiscouldweakentheearth’sprotectivemagneticfieldbyupto90%duringapolarflip.Theearth’smagneticfieldiswhatprotectsusfromharmfulspaceradiationwhichcandamagecellsandcausecancer.Withaweakerfieldinplace,somescientiststhinkthiscouldexposeplanestohigherlevelsofradiation,makingflightslesssafe.Thiscouldalsointerrupttheinternalsenseofdirectioninmanyanimalsthatusethemagneticfieldfornavigation(导航).Evenworse,itcouldmakecertainplacesontheplanettoodangeroustolivein.Butwhatexactlywilltakeplaceonthesurfaceislessclearthanwhatwillundoubtedlyhappeninspace.Satellitesandspacemissionswillneedextrashelterthatwe’llhavetoprovideourselves.Withoutit,intenseuniversalandsolarradiationwillfrycircuitboardsandincreasetheriskofcancerinastronauts.12．Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheearth’smagneticfield?A．Thefocusofscientificresearch. B．Thenavigationofsatellites.C．Thecenteroftheuniverse. D．Theprotectiveumbrellaofhumans.13．Whatwillsomeanimalsbefacedwithwhenthemagneticpolesflip?A．Losingtheabilitytohuntforfood.B．Bearingveryloudnoisedayandnight.C．Beingunabletofinddirectionsexactly.D．Beingunabletoprotectthemselvesfromdanger.14．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Astronautsaremorelikelytosufferfromcancer.B．ThemagneticNorthPoleismovingfasterthanbefore.C．Flightsaren’tallowedtotravelasusualwhenthemagneticpolesflip.D．Therearealwaysmorethantwomagneticpolesontheearthatatime.15．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．Whatwillhappenwhenthepolesflip? B．ThewaysthatscientistsresearchpolesC．Howandwhenwillthepolesflip? D．Thereasonswhyscientistsresearchpoles【答案】12．D13．C14．B15．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了地球的磁场对人类的作用，以及磁极翻转会给地球上的生命所带来的影响。12．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Theearth’smagneticfieldiswhatprotectsusfromharmfulspaceradiationwhichcandamagecellsandcausecancer.(地球磁场保护我们免受有害的太空辐射，这种辐射会损害细胞并导致癌症)”可推知，地球磁场是人类的保护伞。故选D项。13．细节理解题。根据文章第五段中“Thiscouldalsointerrupttheinternalsenseofdirectioninmanyanimalsthatusethemagneticfieldfornavigation(导航).(这也可能打断许多使用磁场进行导航的动物的内部方向感)”可知，当磁极翻转时，一些动物将找不到确切的方向。故选C项。14．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Overthepast150years,themagneticNorthPolehascasuallywandered685milesacrossnorthernCanada.Butrightnowit’sracing25milesayeartothenorthwest.(在过去的150年里，磁北极在加拿大北部随意地徘徊了685英里。但现在它每年向西北方向行驶25英里)”可知，磁北极比以前移动得更快。故选B项。15．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Thiscouldbeasignthatwe’reabouttoexperiencesomethinghumanshaveneverseenbefore:amagneticpolarflip(翻转).Andwhenthishappens,itcouldaffectmuchmorethanjustyourcompass.(这可能是一个迹象，表明我们即将经历人类从未见过的东西：磁极翻转。当这种情况发生时，它可能影响的不仅仅是你的指南针)”并结合文章可知，本文主要说明了地球的磁场对人类的作用，以及磁极翻转会给地球上的生命所带来的影响。由此可知，Howandwhenwillthepolesflip?(两极将如何以及何时翻转？)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C项。二、七选五It’salwaysexcitingtobeginanewjob.Butamongthefrenzy(激动)ofmeetingnewcolleagues,startingnewprojects,andbuildingnewskills,therecanbeastressfulpressuretosucceed.Abigpartofyoursuccessisdeterminedbyhowquicklyyouareabletodigestlotsofinformation,whichcanbeveryhard.16.*ManageyourselfWhenyounoticeinformationoverload,don’tignoreitanddon’tpanic.Saytoyourself,“I’minanewjobandthereisplentytolearnhere.It’sokaytofeelthisway.”17.Rememberthatemotionscanhelpyoubetterunderstandyourselfandyourvalues.*Sortyourinformation18.Itkeepswhatitneedsmoreimmediatelyinourshort-termmemory,anditmixestogetherinformationwemayneedtouseinthefuturetostoreinourlong-termmemory.Fortheinformationthat’snotneeded,ourbrainactslikeagarbagemanagement,recycling,anddeletingit.*19Organizationsoftenhavedigitalknowledgemanagementsystemstostoreandtakeimportantinformation.Youcandothesametoreducebrainburden.IrecommendcreatingaWordorGoogledocumentinwhichyouwritedowninformationthatyourbraindoesn’tneedtorememberorstore.*Reducetask-switchingMulti-taskingisn’tgoodforyouphysicallyormentallyandisworseforyourproductivityandcognition(认知).20.Youcangoforlongerthanthat,butbesuretotakeabreak.Focusedactivityislesstaxingthanmultitasking,butyoucan’tkeepworkingendlessly.A．RespondpositivelyB．UsetechnologytohelpC．ThatproblemismucheasiertounderstandandsolveD．HerearesomemethodstodealwiththeinformationoverloadE．Forgreaterresults,focusononetaskforaround25minutesF．Ourbrainislikeacleverpieceofequipmentthat“takesininformation”G．Thisself-talkhelpsnormalizethesituationandmakestheemotionseasiertohandle【答案】16．D17．G18．F19．B20．E【导语】本文是一篇说明文，作者针对新工作带来的过多信息，给出了四点建议。16．上文“It’salwaysexcitingtobeginanewjob.Butamongthefrenzy(激动)ofmeetingnewcolleagues,startingnewprojects,andbuildingnewskills,therecanbeastressfulpressuretosucceed.Abigpartofyoursuccessisdeterminedbyhowquicklyyouareabletodigestlotsofinformation,whichcanbeveryhard.(开始新工作总是令人兴奋的。但是，在与新同事见面、开始新项目和培养新技能的激动中，可能存在成功的压力。你成功的很大一部分取决于你消化大量信息的速度，这可能非常困难。)”介绍了新工作所带来的压力和挑战——消化过多的信息；下文作者就如何处理大量信息提出四点建议；D选项“Herearesomemethodstodealwiththeinformationoverload(这里有一些处理信息过载的方法)”承上启下，符合语境，选项中的“theinformationoverload”指代上文的“lotsofinformation”，“somemethods”指下文所给出的具体的解决方法。故选D。17．由小标题“Manageyourself(管理好你自己)”可知本段的建议是管理好自己；上文“Whenyounoticeinformationoverload,don’tignoreitanddon’tpanic.Saytoyourself,‘I’minanewjobandthereisplentytolearnhere.It’sokaytofeelthisway.’(当你注意到信息过载时，不要忽视它，也不要惊慌。对自己说：‘我有了一份新工作，这里有很多东西要学。有这种感觉是可以的。’)”介绍了面对大量信息时，如何调整自己的心态和情绪；G选项“Thisself-talkhelpsnormalizethesituationandmakestheemotionseasiertohandle(这种自我对话有助于使情况正常化，使情绪更容易处理)”承接上文，说明自我对话所起到的作用，选项中的“Thisself-talk”指代上文“Saytoyourself,‘I’minanewjobandthereisplentytolearnhere.It’sokaytofeelthisway.’”；下文“Rememberthatemotionscanhelpyoubetterunderstandyourselfandyourvalues.(记住，情绪可以帮助你更好地了解自己和自己的价值观。)”阐述了管理好情绪的重要性；由此可知，G选项符合本段主旨和语境。故选G。18．由下文“Itkeepswhatitneedsmoreimmediatelyinourshort-termmemory,anditmixestogetherinformationwemayneedtouseinthefuturetostoreinourlong-termmemory.(它把我们需要的即时信息保存在我们的短期记忆中，并把我们将来可能需要的信息混合在一起，存储在我们的长期记忆中。)”可知句中“It”指代设空处所提到的某种存储信息的东西，结合本段最后一句“Fortheinformationthat’snotneeded,ourbrainactslikeagarbagemanagement,recycling,anddeletingit.(对于不需要的信息，我们的大脑就像垃圾管理系统一样，回收并删除它们。)”可知设空处提到是大脑，F选项“Ourbrainislikeacleverpieceofequipmentthat‘takesininformation’(我们的大脑就像一台‘接收信息’的聪明设备)”符合语境，选项中的“takesin”与下文中的“keeps”和“store”表达的意义一致。故选F。19．文章结构分析可知，设空处为此段的小标题；由下文“Organizationsoftenhavedigitalknowledgemanagementsystemstostoreandtakeimportantinformation.Youcandothesametoreducebrainburden.IrecommendcreatingaWordorGoogledocumentinwhichyouwritedowninformationthatyourbraindoesn’tneedtorememberorstore.(组织通常拥有数字知识管理系统来存储和获取重要信息。你也可以这样做来减轻大脑负担。我建议创建一个Word或Google文档，在其中写下大脑不需要记住或存储的信息。)”可知作者在本段建议运用Word或Google文档来帮大脑减负；B选项“Usetechnologytohelp(利用技术来帮助)”能够概括本段主旨，适合作为小标题。故选B。20．上文“Multi-taskingisn’tgoodforyouphysicallyormentallyandisworseforyourproductivityandcognition(认知).(同时处理多项任务对你的身体和精神都没有好处，对你的工作效率和认知能力也更差。)”阐述了同时处理多项任务的弊端；E选项“Forgreaterresults,focusononetaskforaround25minutes(为了获得更好的效果，专注于一项任务25分钟左右)”针对上文所阐述的同时处理多任务的弊端提出了解决方法：专注于一项任务；下文“Youcangoforlongerthanthat,butbesuretotakeabreak.Focusedactivityislesstaxingthanmultitasking,butyoucan’tkeepworkingendlessly.(你可以坚持更长时间，但一定要休息一下。专注的活动比一心多用要轻松，但你不能无休止地工作。)”承接选项E，就专注于一项活动的时间进一步阐述，指出专注于一项工作时，时间不能太长，要注意休息；由此可知，E选项符合语境。故选E。三、完形填空TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(个人)all-aroundevent,GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverythingshe21best.ShehadtopackupherbedroominVirginia.Shehadtosay22tohertwodogsandtothebeach,whereshelovedtoridewavesonherboard.Butitwas23totaketheleap(飞跃),however,24itwouldbe.Evenat14,Douglasknewthat.Soshe25about1,200milesawayfromhome,to26withacoachfromChina.Shelivedwithafamilyshehadnever27andeverythingwasnewtoher.Asitturnedout,Douglasdid28whatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampionwhenshe29twoRussians.TheChinesecoach30Douglasintooneofthebestgymnastsintheworld,helpingherskyrocket(飞涨)fromanaveragememberofthenationalteamtothetopofthesport.By31theOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso.She32thecompetitionfrombeginningtoend.Shesaidshehadfelt33allalongthatshewouldwin.Notsolongago,MarthaKarolythecoordinator(联络人)ofthewomen’snationalteam,didnotthinkDouglashadwhatit34tobeanOlympian.Astimewentby,shethoughtmoreandmorethatshecouldmaketheLondonGames-andwin.“I’mgoingtoinspiresomanypeople,”shesaid.“I’mreadyto35.”Andshineshedid.21．A．judged B．thought C．knew D．tried22．A．goodbye B．hello C．thanks D．no23．A．common B．time C．fun D．tough24．A．breathtaking B．heartbreaking C．eye-catching D．head-spinning25．A．droppedout B．movedon C．pulledover D．wentoff26．A．reason B．talk C．compete D．train27．A．met B．helped C．understood D．needed28．A．occasionally B．gradually C．exactly D．possibly29．A．defeated B．pleased C．respected D．assisted30．A．forced B．transformed C．persuaded D．put31．A．clarifying B．defending C．winning D．demanding32．A．followed B．organized C．watched D．led33．A．confident B．nervous C．excited D．uneasy34．A．viewed B．appeared C．mattered D．took35．A．fly B．shine C．dance D．score【答案】21．C22．A23．B24．B25．D26．D27．A28．C29．A30．B31．C32．D33．A34．D35．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了加贝·道格拉斯为了成为奥运会全能冠军，不得不舍弃自己最擅长的一切，离开自己在弗吉尼亚州的卧室，告别自己的两只狗和她喜欢冲浪的海滩。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：成为奥运会个人冠军全能赛事，加贝·道格拉斯不得不离开她最了解的一切。A.judged判断；B.thought认为；C.knew知道；D.tried尝试。根据下文“ShehadtopackupherbedroominVirginia”可知她不得不收拾她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。说明加贝·道格拉斯不得不离开她最熟悉的一切，故选C项。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不得不告别她的两只狗和海滩，在那里她喜欢在她的板上乘风破浪。A.goodbye再见；B.hello你好；C.thanks谢谢；D.no没有。根据上文“GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverythingshe1best”可知加贝·道格拉斯不得不离开她最熟悉的一切，说明她不得不告别她的两只狗和海滩，在那里她喜欢乘着她的冲浪板冲浪，故选A项。23．考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，然而，这将是令人心碎的。A.common普通；B.time时间；C.fun乐趣；D.tough艰难的。itistimetodosth表示“是该做某事的时候了”，故选B项。24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，然而，这将是令人心碎的。A.breathtaking令人叹为观止；B.heartbreaking令人心碎；C.eye-catching引人注目；D.head-spinning令人头晕目眩。根据上文“GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverythingshe1best”可知加贝·道格拉斯不得不离开她最熟悉的一切，说明这是非常令人心碎的。故选B项。25．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一名来自中国的教练一起训练。A.droppedout退学；B.movedon继续前进；C.pulledover拉过；D.wentoff离开。根据下文“about1,200milesawayfromhome,to6withacoachfromChina”可知，她离开家约1200英里，跟着一名来自中国的教练训练。故选D项。26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一名来自中国的教练一起训练。A.reason理由；B.talk谈话；C.compete竞争；D.train训练。根据空后“withacoachfromChina”可知跟着一名来自中国的教练训练。故选D项。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和一个从未谋面的家庭住在一起，一切对她来说都是新的。A.met遇见；B.helped帮助；C.understood理解；D.needed需要。根据下句“andeverythingwasnewtoher”可知她和一个从未谋面的家庭住在一起，一切对她来说都是陌生的。故选A项。28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，道格拉斯击败了两名俄罗斯选手，这正是她成为奥运冠军所需要做的。A.occasionally偶尔；B.gradually逐渐；C.exactly正是，确切；D.possibly可能。根据下文“whatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampionwhenshe9twoRussians.”可知，击败两名俄罗斯选手，这正是她成为奥运冠军需要做的，故选C项。29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，道格拉斯击败了两名俄罗斯选手，这正是她成为奥运冠军所需要做的。A.defeated击败；B.pleased使高兴；C.respected尊敬；D.assisted协助。根据下文“shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso”可知，她成为第一个这样做的黑人女性。说明道格拉斯击败了两名俄罗斯选手，故选A项。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练将道格拉斯转变为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通成员飙升到这项运动的顶峰。A.forced强迫；B.transformed转变；C.persuaded说服；D.put放。根据下文“Douglasintooneofthebestgymnastsintheworld,helpingherskyrocket(飞涨)fromanaveragememberofthenationalteamtothetopofthesport.”可知，这位中国教练把道格拉斯变成了世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的一名普通队员一飞冲天，成为这项运动的佼佼者。transformsbintosth.表示“把某人转变成……”，故选B项。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为第一位获得此殊荣的黑人女性。A.clarifying澄清；B.defending辩护；C.winning获胜；D.demanding要求。根据下文“shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso”可知，通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为了第一个这样做的黑人女性。故选C项。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从头到尾都在比赛中领先。A.followed跟随；B.organized组织；C.watched观看；D.led领先。根据上文“shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso”可知她成为第一个这样做的黑人女性。说明她自始至终在比赛中领先，故选D项。33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说她一直对自己会赢有信心。A.confident自信的；B.nervous紧张的；C.excited兴奋的；D.uneasy不安的。根据上文“TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(个人)all-aroundevent,GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverythingshe1best.(为了成为奥运会个人全能冠军，加贝·道格拉斯不得不离开她最熟悉的一切。)”可知她一直坚信自己会赢，故选A项。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久前，女子国家队协调员玛莎·卡罗利并不认为道格拉斯具备成为奥运选手的条件。A.viewed观看；B.appeared出现；C.mattered重要；D.took带，花费，采取。taketobe为固定短语，表示“把……看作”，故选D项。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我准备好闪耀了，她照做了。A.fly飞；B.shine闪耀；C.dance跳舞；D.score得分。根据下文“Andshineshedid.”可知我准备好闪耀了，她照做了，故选B项。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。It’sreallynicetoseealotofTibetanantelopes(藏羚羊)onthegreengrass.However,36(they)populationdroppedbymorethan50%duringthe1980sand1990s.Tomakeprofits,somepeoplewereshootingantelopes.Thehabitats37thebeautifulanimalslivedwerebecomingsmallerasnewroadsandrailways38(build).Inordertosavethisspeciesfromextinction,theChinesegovernmentplaceditunder39(nation)protection.Manyvolunteerswatchedovertheantelopesdayandnighttokeepthemsafefromattacks.Bridgesandgateswereaddedtolettheantelopesmove40(easy)andkeepthemfrom41(car)andtrains.Gradually,theantelopepopulationhasrecoveredand42June2015,theTibetanantelopewasremovedfrom43endangeredspecieslist.Thegovernment,however,doesnotintendtostoptheprotectionprogrammes,sincethethreatstotheTibetanantelopeshavenotyetdisappeared.Inaword,ifwewant44(save)theplanet,wemustchangeourwayoflife.Onlywhenwelearntoexistinpeacewithnaturecanwestop45(be)athreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.【答案】36．their37．where38．werebuilt39．national40．easily41．cars42．in43．the44．tosave45．being【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过讲述中国政府努力保护频危动物藏羚羊的故事来告诉读者，要想和大自然和平相处，我们必须停止伤害野生动物，保护我们的地球。36．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：然而，他们的数量在1980年代和1990年代下降了50%以上。根据空后名词population空处应为形容词性物主代词，表示“他们的”，故填their。37．考查定语从句。句意：随着新的公路和铁路的建设，美丽动物生活的栖息地变得越来越小。分析可知本句为定语从句，先行词为Thehab