山东日照市一模下学期高三英语试题（无听力）讲解课件

阅读理解A

TheCityofBurlingtonisinvitingresidents

andvisitorstoenjoythreeweeksoffree,interactive

in-personoronlineeventsandactivitiesduringCultureDays(Sept.20toOct.13).ArtGalleryofBurlington(AGB)ExhibitsandEvents,Sept.20toOct.8TheAGBisexhibiting

DavidR.Harper’sMIDNIGHT,MagdaleneDykstra’sExchangingPresenceandJoseLuisTorres’Theplaceasanobjectandtheobjectasaplace.EveryoneisinvitedtojoininBurlingtonFamilyOpenStudiosonSept.22,29,Oct.3and6．1.HowlongwillAGBExhibitsandEventslast?A.4days. B.18days. C.19days. D.21days.✓TheBurlingtonPerformingArtsCentre(BPAC),Sept.28,10a.m.to4p.m.BPACisremovingbarriers

toperformingartsparticipationwithafulldayoffreeandaccessible

communityprogramming.ThisyearBPACoffersacombination

ofperformancesandinteractive

eventsthatwillshowcaseperformingartistsandorganizationsfromBurlingtonandthesurroundingregion.BurlingtonPublicLibrary(BPL),Sept.21toOct.8BPLishostingfreemusicandmeditationsessionsforadults,artandwritingworkshopsforkidsaswellasauthorsessions.MeetnativestorytellerJimAdamsonSept.28,authorLisaMooreonOct.1,andformerastronautMarcGarneauonOct.5．2.Wherewouldyoulikeyour6-year-oldtogoifhelikeswriting?A.ArtGalleryofBurlington.B.TheBurlingtonPerformingArtsCentre.C.BurlingtonPublicLibrary.D.JosephBrantMuseum.✓JosephBrantMuseum,Sept.28,1to3p.m.

MuseumsofBurlingtonispartneringwiththeCityandregionalmunicipalities

topresent

acommunityartproject.HarmonyinCultureisacollaborative

ceramicmural(壁画)projectdesignedtocelebrateculturaldiversityandunitythroughart.ArtistsYvetteGarcia-Mier,ShahrzadAminandLaurenSinettwillleadaclayworkshopatJosephBrantMuseumandcreateuniqueartworkthatwillbeintegratedintoalargercommunitymural.ForacompletelistingofCultureDaysactivitieshappeninginBurlington,pleasevisitburlington.ca/culturedaysortheBurlingtonHubatculturedays.ca.3.WhatdoweknowabouttheeventinJosephBrantMuseumonSept.28?A.Itispartofamuralproject. B.Itisinitiated

bythreelocalartists.C.Itisfunded

bythecommunity. D.Itisaimedatbridgingtheculturalgap.✓阅读理解BThefirsttimeIwenttoEuropealoneIstayedatayouthhostel.Youthhostelshavelargedormitory-styleroomswithbunkbeds(双层床).They’reconsiderably

cheaperthanregularhotels.IwasinParisforaweek,andIhadnoideawhattoexpect.AsIwasgoingouttoexplorethecityonmyfirstnight,ayoungJapanesemanaskedifhecouldjoinme.WewenttoseeNotreDame,andmynewfriendtaughtmeaJapaneseword,“sugoi”,whichmeans“awesome”.(第一段)

Insubsequent

staysatyouthhostels,IwouldmeetarichmanfromNewEnglandwhowasstrugglingtofindmeaninginhislifeandayoungAfricanmanlookingforagirlfriend.Ioptedtotaketrainsoverairplanesforthesamereason:Ontrains,Italkedwithpeoplefromallwalksoflife—peoplewhooftenshared

theirphilosophy

oflifewithme.(第二段)

4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhisstaysatyouthhostels?A.Surprisingandthrilling.B.Delightfulandrewarding.C.Inconvenientbutaffordable. D.Stressfulbutmeaningful.✓Meetingpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsprovidesagrowthopportunity.Youcanlearnfromthosepeople.Infact,oneofthegreatadvantagesofcollegesintheUnitedStatesisthatstudentsmeet,workwith,andengageindiscussionswithpeoplefromdifferentgeographicandculturalbackgrounds.(第三段)

5.Whydoestheauthormention“collegesintheUnitedStates”inparagraph3?A.Tosupportanargument.B.Topresentanexample.C.Toillustratearule. D.Tohighlightatheory.✓

Butthereisanotheradvantagetothiskindofsocializing:Itisrichinsurprises.Liketravelingtoanewplace,whereyoucan’treallyknowwhatyourexperiencewillbelike,meetingrandom

strangerskeepsyoufromfallingintolazyexpectations.Youdon’tknowwhetherthepeopleyoumeetwillshareyouropinions,whetherthey’lldefertoyouordominatetheconversation,orwhetherthey’lllaughatyourjokesormakeyoulaugh.(第四段)

6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“deferto”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Bankon. B.Submitto. C.Arguewith. D.Speakfor.✓

Ithinkthismaybepartoftheattractionof“blindbox”socializing,wherepeoplesignuptobematchedwithstrangersfordinner,say,orahike.Whenyousignupforsuchanevent,youdon’tknowwhatkindofconversationsyoumighthave,orhowyoumightinteractwiththeotherpeoplewhosignup.Butthatisthepoint.Ifyouhavethechance,youmightgiveitatry—meetsomeonesurprising,butstaysafe,ofcourse.(最后一段)

7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Exploreyouthhostels.B.Getoffthewell-beatenpath.C.Embracetheunexpected.D.Rethink“blindbox”socializing.✓阅读理解C

Halftheworld’s100largestcitiesareexperiencinghighlevelsofwaterstress,with38ofthesesittinginregionsof“extremelyhighwaterstress”,newanalysis

andmappinghasshown.

(第一段)

Waterstressmeansthatwithdrawalsforpublicwatersupplyandindustryareclosetoexceedingavailablesupplies,oftencausedbyineffectiveregulationofwaterresourcesandintensifiedbyclimatebreakdown.WatershedInvestigationsandtheGuardianmappedcitiesonstressedcatchments(流域)revealingthatBeijing,NewYork,LosAngeles,andDelhiareamongthosefacingextremestress,while

London,BangkokandJakartaareclassed

asbeinghighlystressed.(第二段)8.Whatdoestheauthorthinkleadstowaterstress?A.Heavywaterpollution.B.Poorwatermanagement.C.Freezingclimate.

D.Largepopulation.✓Separateanalysis

ofNASAsatellitedatashowswhichofthelargest100citieshavebeendryingorgettingwetter

overtwodecades

with

places

suchasChennai,TehranandZhengzhoushowingstrongdryingtrendsandTokyo,LagosandKampalashowingstrongwettingtrends.Mostofthecityregionsinnotably

wettingzonesareinsub-SaharanAfrica,withjustTokyoandSantoDomingointheDominicanRepublicsittingelsewhere.MostoftheurbancentersinareaswiththestrongestdryingsignalsareacrossAsia,particularlynorthernIndiaandPakistan.(第三段)9.WhatdoesNASAsatellitedataindicate?A.Hugewaterloss.B.Severe

watershortage.C.Changeablerainfall. D.Uneven

waterdistribution.✓

Nowinitssixthyearofdrought,Tehraniscritically

closeto“dayzero”whennowaterwillbeavailableforitscitizens,andlastyearthepresident,MasoudPezeshkian,saidthecitymayhavetoberelocated

ifthedroughtcontinues.MohammadShamsuddoha,professorofwatercrisis

andriskreductionatUCL,said,“Bytrackingchangesintotalwaterstoragefromspace,Grace,theNASAproject,showswhichcitiesaredryingandwhicharegettingwetter,offeringanearlywarningofemergingwaterinsecurity.”(第四段)

10.WhatisthepurposeofGrace?A.Tocontrolwateruse.B.Toincreasefreshwaterreserves.C.Toissueanalertintime.D.Toslowdownthedryingtrends.✓

11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thefallingwaterstorage

acrosstheworld. B.Theproblemswithglobalwaterregulation.C.NASA’seffortstotrack

globalwaterchanges. D.Growingwaterrisksfacedbybigcitiesworldwide.LastweektheUNannounced

theworldhadenteredastateofseriouswatershortagewheredegradationofsomeresourceshadbecomeirreversible(不可逆的).TheWorldBankGrouphasalsobeensoundingthealarm.Globalfreshwaterreserveshavedecreasedsharplyoverthepast20years,accordingtothegroup.(最后一段)✓阅读理解D

Anewstudy

byresearchersattheClusterofExcellenceScienceofIntelligenceshows

thatacombinationofuncertainty

andheterogeneity(异质性)playsacrucialroleinhowgroupsreachagreement.(第一段)Classicmodelsofdecision-makingassume

thatallindividualscontributeequallytoconsensus(共识),butinreality,groupsarediverse

andhomogeneousinbothknowledgeandinfluence.Justassomepeopleareexpertsinatopic,someindividualshavemoreaccurate

orreliableinformationthantherestofthegroup.Othersmightbemore“connected,”whichcausestheiropinionstospreadmorewidely..(第二段)12.Whatdoclassicmodelsofdecision-makingignore?A.Groupdiscussion.B.Individualdifference.C.Equalcontribution. D.Interpersonalrelationship.✓

Thesetwotypesofdiversity,namelylevelofknowledgeandnumberofconnections,arenotindependent,asuncertaintyinfluenceshowthetwoshapedecision-making.Inotherwords,individualswithmoreinitial

knowledgetendtobecomemorecentralandinfluential,helpingothersreduceuncertainty,whilethosewhointeractwithmanyothersobtainmoreinformationandthusbecomelessuncertainovertime.Thisdynamic

allowsgroupstonaturallyremoveweakorbiasedinformationandcometoreliableconclusions—aslongascentralindividualsdon’tbecomeoverconfidenttooquickly.(第三段)13.Whatcanbeinferredabout“knowledge”and“connections”?A.Theycanbemisleading. B.Theycanremoveoverconfidence.C.Theyrelyoncentralindividuals. D.Theyinteractthroughuncertainty.✓

Toexploretheseeffects,theresearchersbuiltamodelwhereindividualsadjusttheirbeliefsandcertaintydynamicallyasnewinformationcomesin.Uncertainindividualsreliedmoreontheirpeers,while

confidentonesshapedthegroup’sdirectionofopinion.Butpositionwithinthenetworkmattered

justasmuch—highlyconnectedagentsspreadtheiropinionswidely,whethertheywererightorwrong.(第四段)

Theresearchersfoundthatamixofperspectives

wasn’tenoughtoimprovedecisions.Groupsreachedsmarterandfasterdecisionswhenguidedbyuncertainty.Wheneveryonehadequalcertaintyandconnections,consensuswasslowandunreliable.Butinheterogeneousgroups,uncertaintyhelpedweighopinions,sothatdecisionswerefasterandmoreaccurate.(第五段)✓14.Howcanuncertaintyassistwithdecision-makingaccordingtotheresearch?A.Bybalancingdifferentviews. B.Byencouragingmoreparticipation.C.Bymakingpeopledecisive. D.Byreducingunnecessaryconflicts.Inartificialintelligenceandrobotics,thisresearchoffersanewwaytodesignsystemsthatmakebettercollective

decisions.Self-drivingcarscouldassess

notjustsensorinputs,butalsotheconfidenceofothernearbyvehicles,improvingsafety.Manynaturalsystemsalreadyfollowtheprinciple

ofadaptingtouncertainty.Schoolsoffish,flocksofbirds,andantcoloniesdon’ttreatallinputequallybutadaptdynamically.WecanusethatknowledgetobuildbetterAIandimprovehumancollaboration.(最后一段)15.Whatdoestheauthormainlydiscussinthelastparagraph?A.Choiceofnewresearchmethods. B.PossibledirectionsofAItechnology.C.Waysofadaptingtouncertainty. D.Potentialapplicationofthefindings.✓七选五A.Thisshiftisn’taboutselfishness.B.Instead,youcreatehealthierones.C.Asamatteroffact,theyarerootedinidentity.D.Healthyrelationshipsoftenrequireregularapology.E.Protectingyourpeacedoesn’tremovetheneedforexplanation.F.Yetprotectingyourpeacedoesn’tmeanavoidingalldiscomfort.G.Itmeansrefusingtoloseyourselfintheprocessofdeepreflection.

Boundaries

areoftenmisunderstood

asrulesimposed(强加)onothers.__18__Theyreflectwhoyoubelieveyouareandwhatyoubelieveyouareallowedtoneed.Manypeoplestrugglewithboundariesnotbecausetheylackcommunicationskills,butbecausetheyhaveinternalizedthebeliefthattheirworthistiedtohowmuchtheygive.

__19__Healthy,lovingrelationshipsthriveon

clarityandcare.Silencecancreatedistance,while

thoughtfulcommunicationcanstrengthentrust.Explainingaboundarydoesnotweakenit.Whendonewithhonestyandkindness,ithelpsothersunderstandthatyourlimitsarenotrejection,butpreservation.CEA.Thisshiftisn’taboutselfishness.B.Instead,youcreatehealthierones.C.Asamatteroffact,theyarerootedinidentity.D.Healthyrelationshipsoftenrequireregularapology.E.Protectingyourpeacedoesn’tremovetheneedforexplanation.F.Yetprotectingyourpeacedoesn’tmeanavoidingalldiscomfort.G.Itmeansrefusingtoloseyourselfintheprocessofdeepreflection.

Inrecentyears,morepeoplehavebeguntoprioritize

theiremotionalwell-being

over

constantavailability.Thephrase“protectyourpeace”hasbecomeaguidingprinciple

forthosewhofeelexhaustedbyendlessdemands,unspokenduties,andrelationships

thattakemorethantheygive.__16__Itisaresponsetoburnout.Peoplebegintowithdraw

notbecausetheydonotcare,butbecausetheyhavespenttoolongcaringwithoutlimits.__17__Someconversationsaredifficultbutnecessary.Thechallengeliesinknowingwhensilencepreservesyourwell-beingandwhenitquietlycostsyouyoursenseofself.AFA.Thisshiftisn’taboutselfishness.B.Instead,youcreatehealthierones.C.Asamatteroffact,theyarerootedinidentity.D.Healthyrelationshipsoftenrequireregularapology.E.Protectingyourpeacedoesn’tremovetheneedforexplanation.F.Yetprotectingyourpeacedoesn’tmeanavoidingalldiscomfort.G.Itmeansrefusingtoloseyourselfintheprocessofdeepreflection.

Boundariesarenotdemands.Theyaresignals.Theyshowotherswhatwevalueandwhatwewillprotect.Overtime,thisclarity

reshapesrelationships,makingroomformutualrespect.Protectingyourpeaceisnotasingledecisionbut

anongoingpractice.Itrequiresreflection,communication,andthewillingness

toredefine

strength.Inchoosingyourselfwithhonestyandcare,youdonotloseconnection.___20___B完形填空

JamesKetchell,anEnglishman,iskeenonadventure.Heisstartingtomakethefirst___21___travelaroundtheglobebyland,air,andsea.___22___sailalonefromHampshire,Ketchellisreadytoembrace

the___23___ofa30,000-milevoyage

overthenextninemonths.21.A.individual B.official C.dangerous D.agreeable22.A.Raising B.Adjusting C.Setting D.Repairing23.A.consequence

B.principle C.opportunity D.excitement√√√Ketchellwill___24___fromthebeautifulCanaryIslands,aroundtheCapeofGoodHope,toAustralia,acrossthePacificOcean,___25___arrivinginUruguay.Bylatespringnextyear,he___26___toreturntoAntigua,NewYork,andfinally,hishome.Alongtheway,Ketchellplanstolivestream

hisjourney,sharinghis___27___foradventureandexploration.24.A.come B.journey C.benefit D.escape25.A.accidentally B.hurriedly C.eventually D.luckily26.A.promises B.manages C.happens

D.hopes27.A.passion B.concern C.qualificationD.plan

√

√√√

Ketchell,whopreviously___28___hissecondcircumnavigation(环球)in2019usingagyro-copter(旋翼机),enjoyeda(n)___29___six-monthadventurefilledwith122flights.Hisjourneybeganin2013whenhefirstrodearoundtheworldonabicycle.Thisnewadventure___30___hissecondattemptatcircumnavigating(环航)byboat,followinganearliertryin2014thatfaced___31___duetoabreakdown.28.A.recorded B.completed C.advocated

D.pictured29.A.conventional B.unexpectedC.experimentalD.remarkable30.A.marks B.helps C.proves D.involves31.A.attacks B.conflicts

C.challenges D.faults√√√√

Ketchell’sjourneycontinuestheBritishtraditionof___32___,whichbeganwithpioneerslikeJoshuaSlocum,thefirstpersontoevercircumnavigatetheworldaloneinasailingboatfromNovaScotia,who___33___in1892andreturnedthreeyearslater.Hisjourneyservesasa___34___thatthesearchfordiscoveryandthecourage

toexploreintotheunknowncontinueto___35___theworldtoday.32.A.traveling B.exploration C.cycling D.research33.A.hungout B.ranaway C.turnedup D.startedoff34.A.reminder B.symbol C.standard D.warning35.A.witness B.protect C.shape D.document√√√√语法填空

Foodhaslongbeenregardedasthesoul

ofChineseculture.AndChinesecuisine,whichisrenownedforitsdiversity

andphilosophical____36____(deep),holds

theancientartoffermentation(发酵)inparticularlyhighregard.Thistransformativeprocessservesnotonlyasapracticalmethodofpreservationbutalsoasa____37____(base)techniqueforunlockingcomplexflavorprofiles.Overthepastthousandsofyears,thistraditionalfood-makingmethod,carriedforwardlikealivingheritage,____38____(pass)downfromgenerationtogeneration,shiningbrightlyinthelongriverofChinesefoodculture.36.depth37.basic38.hasbeenpassedBeyondeverydayseasonings____39____soysauceandvinegar(醋),whicharethemselvesproductsoffermentation,moredistinctivecreationscanbefound.Southerncuisines,suchas____40____ofGuangdong,relyonfermentedseafoodorbeanstoformtheessentialflavorfulfoundationfornumerousdishes.InSichuan,paocai(pickledvegetables)providesasharpcounterpoint

totheregion’sfierychilies,thus____41____(create)athrillingyetbalancedtastesensation.39.like40.those41.creatingThemosticonicexampleisperhapsfermentedtofu(furu),____42____humblebeancurdistransformedbymicrobes(微生物)intoaproductwithacreamytextureandacheese-likeflavor.Thistastyfood,____43____enjoyedasafragrant,flavor-packedseasoningorasasteaming,deliciousstreetsnack,____44____(reflect)acorecookingprinciple:transformingsimpleingredientsintolastingsourcesoftaste.Indeed,fermentationrepresentswheremicrobiologymeetsgastronomy.ToexplorethemistotasteanessentialpillarofChina’sfoodheritage—one____45____(preserve)throughtimeandfolkwisdom.42.where43.whether44.reflects45.preserved应用文写作假定你是校英文报记者李华，正在做关于“青少年阅读习惯”的调查研究，期间遇到了一些困难。请你给外教David写一封邮件，内容包括：（1）你的困难；（2）寻求建议。注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

I’mwritingtoseekyourhelp.Thesedays,I’mconductingasurveyaboutteenagers’readinghabits,andI’vecomeacrosssomeproblemsthatpuzzlemealot.First,Ifinditchallengingtodesigneffectivesurveyquestions.Manyofmyquestionsareeithertoogeneralorleadtoinaccurateanswers,whichmakesthedataunconvincing.Second,I’mnotsurehowtoanalyzeandpresentthecollecteddatainaprofessionalwayinEnglishsothatIcandrawmeaningfulconclusions.Couldyoupleaseoffermesomesuggestionsonhowtoimprovemysurveyquestionsanddataanalysis?I’dreallyappreciateyourhelp.续写“John,comeon!We’vegottogetgoing!”myoldersisterAnnayelledupthestairs.AnnaandIfoughtabouteverything.Sheusedthebathroomtoolong,sheatemysnacks,andshealwaysactedliketheperfectoldersister.Shewasonthetrackteam,gotgoodgrades,andhadtonsoffriends.MomandDadwerealwayssaying,“Whycan’tyoubemorelikeyoursister?”Trustme,Ihearditenough.Whywouldanyonepickexerciseoverpajamas(睡衣)?Itpuzzledme.I’mreallynotthatintosports.So,whenAnnaheardIwasrunningtheTurkeyTrotthisyear,thelookonherface—“You?Running?”I’llneverforgetit.IstumbleddowntothecarwhereAnnawasalreadyseatedandDadwaseatingachocolatebar.“Gottafuelup,”hesaid.“Wantone,John?”“Ijustneedtowakeup,”Isaid.“Whyisitstilldark?Isthisevenlegal?Youthinkthisisfun?”“Ofcourseit’sfun,”Annacutin.“Don’tyouknowthatexercis