Unit5语法专项-形容词比较级与最高级课件外研版英语七年级下册

教学课件外研英语七年级下册

Unit5语法专项——

形容词比较级与最高级（Comparativesandsuperlatives）

全解精讲+分层练习学习目标掌握形容词比较级与最高级的定义及核心作用熟练记忆并运用规则变化与不规则变化规则掌握比较级与最高级的常用句型及用法区分in/of/among的用法，规避高频易错点核心定义与作用形容词比较级：用于两者之间的比较核心含义：表示“更……”，突出两者差异形容词最高级：用于三者及以上的比较核心含义：表示“最……”，突出群体中最优/最劣注意：比较的对象必须是同类人或事物例：TomistallerthanJim.（两者比较）Tomisthetallestinhisclass.（三者及以上）变化规则——规则变化（总览）形容词变化分两类：规则变化和不规则变化规则变化适用于大多数单音节、部分双音节词主要变化形式：直接加er/est、加r/st、变y为i加er/est双写末尾辅音加er/est、多音节词加more/most关键：判断单词音节数和词尾特征，选对变化方式规则变化（一）——单音节词/部分双音节词类型1：一般单音节词，直接加er（比较级）、est（最高级）例：tall→taller（更高的）→tallest（最高的）short→shorter→shortest

high→higher→highest类型2：以-e结尾的单音节词，直接加r、st例：nice→nicer（更好的）→nicest（最好的）late→later→latest规则变化（二）——特殊词尾变化类型1：以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先变y为i，再加er/est例：easy→easier（更容易的）→easiest（最容易的）happy→happier→happiest注意：元音字母+y结尾，直接加er/est（如gray→grayer→grayest）类型2：重读闭音节（辅+元+辅），双写末尾辅音加er/est例：big→bigger（更大的）→biggest（最大的）

规则变化（三）——多音节词/部分双音节词多音节词：由3个及以上音节组成的词变化规则：比较级加more，最高级加most，不改变原词例：beautiful→morebeautiful→mostbeautifuldangerous→moredangerous→mostdangerous部分双音节词（如famous、delicious），也用more/most例：famous→morefamous→mostfamous小贴士：双音节词可灵活记，不熟悉就用more/most变化类型比较级最高级例词单音节词+er+esttall,high,fast以-e结尾+r+stnice,late,fine辅+y结尾变y为i+er变y为i+esteasy,happy重读闭音节双写尾辅+er双写尾辅+estbig,thin多音节词more+原级most+原级beautiful,famous规则变化汇总表格变化规则——不规则变化（高频考点）不规则变化无固定规律，需重点记忆、熟练运用这类词在考试中出现频率高，易错易混，务必牢记核心不规则词（5组，必考）：good/well（好的/好地）→better→bestbad/ill（坏的/生病的）→worse→worstmany/much（许多）→more→mostlittle（少的）→less→leastfar（远的）→farther/further→farthest/furthest不规则变化详解与拓展补充：far的两种变化区别（易错点）farther：指距离上的“更远”，具体可测量例：BeijingisfartherfromShanghaithanTianjin.further：指程度上的“更进一步”，抽象含义例：IwanttostudyfurtherinEnglish.well是副词，其比较级/最高级仍用better/best例：Hesingsbetterthanhissister.比较级常用句型（核心）核心句型：A+be动词/实义动词+比较级+than+B含义：A比B更……（两者之间的比较）结构解析：A和B必须是同类人/物，避免比较对象不一致be动词搭配：主语+am/is/are+比较级+than+对比对象例：TheYangtzeRiverislongerthantheYellowRiver.实义动词搭配：主语+实义动词+比较级+than+对比对象例：Sherunsfasterthanherbrother.比较级句型拓展与易错点易错点1：比较对象不一致（错误示例）Theappleisbiggerthanthebanana’s.（应改为thebanana）易错点2：比较级前可加程度副词修饰（much,alittle等）例：Thisbookismuchmoreinterestingthanthatone.Sheisalittletallerthanme.注意：程度副词不能加在最高级前（除非most表“非常”）拓展：than后可接代词宾格（me,him,her）或名词最高级常用句型（核心）核心句型：A+be动词/实义动词+the+最高级+范围含义：A是……中最……的（三者及以上比较）关键：最高级前必须加the，不可省略范围常用标志：in/of/among（后接范围短语）be动词搭配：Thisisthemostbeautifulflowerinthegarden.实义动词搭配：Herunsthefastestofallthestudents.易错点：遗漏the，或缺少范围短语（导致语义不完整）范围词in/of/among的区别（高频考点）三者均用于最高级，表“在……范围内”，用法不同in：后接整体范围（地点、组织、集合），强调“在……里面”例：Thisisthetallesttreeintheforest.of：后接同类人/物的复数/短语，强调“在……之中”例：Sheistheyoungestofthethreegirls.among：后接复数名词，强调“在群体中（分散）”例：Heisthecleverestamonghisclassmates.范围词用法对比表格范围词用法核心后接内容例句in整体范围地点、组织名词Heisthebestinourschool.of同类对象复数名词、数量短语Thisisthebiggestoftheapples.among群体之中复数名词（强调分散）Sheistheprettiestamongthegirls.小贴士：记不准时，in接地点，of接数量，among接群体同义句转换（一）最高级→比较级高频考点：the+最高级+范围=比较级+than+anyother+单数名词核心逻辑：最……=比其他任何一个都……注意：anyother后必须接单数名词（强调“其他任何一个”）原句：MountQomolangmaisthehighestmountainintheworld.转换句：MountQomolangmaishigherthananyothermountainintheworld.易错点：遗漏anyother，或把单数名词改为复数同义句转换（二）比较级→最高级拓展考点：比较级+than+anyother+单数名词=the+最高级+范围适用场景：比较级隐含“在某一整体中最……”的含义原句：TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.转换句：TheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinChina.补充：若比较对象不在同一范围，不用anyother（直接用than）例：ShanghaiisbiggerthananycityinAnhui.（不用anyother）同义句转换（三）比较级间转换核心规则：A+比较级+than+B=B+比较级的反义词+than+A逻辑：A比B更……→B比A更……（反义词）需牢记形容词反义词（结合Unit5词汇）：long→short,high→low,big→small,fast→slow原句：TheYangtzeRiverislongerthantheYellowRiver.转换句：TheYellowRiverisshorterthantheYangtzeRiver.练习：Thisboxisbiggerthanthatone.（改为同义句）高频易错点汇总（一）易错点1：最高级前遗漏the（必考易错）错误：Thisismostinterestingbook.正确：Thisisthemostinterestingbook.易错点2：比较级后than的对象不一致错误：Mybagisheavierthanyou.正确：Mybagisheavierthanyours.易错点3：不规则变化记混（如good→better≠gooder）易错点4：多音节词误用er/est（如beautiful→morebeautiful≠beautifuler）高频易错点汇总（二）易错点5：范围词使用错误（in/of/among混淆）错误：Heisthetallestoftheclass.正确：Heisthetallestintheclass.易错点6：anyother后接复数名词错误：Sheisbetterthananyotherstudents.正确：anyotherstudent易错点7：重读闭音节未双写末尾辅音错误：big→biger正确：bigger；thin→thiner正确：thinner小贴士：做题时先判断变化规则，再检查细节专项练习Ⅰ写出比较级和最高级1.fast→__________→__________2.slow→__________→__________3.beautiful→______________→______________4.happy→__________→__________5.thin→__________→__________6.fine→__________→__________7.well→__________→__________8.much→__________→__________fasterfastestslowerslowestmorebeautifulmostbeautifulhappierhappiestthinnerthinnestfinerfinestbetterbestmoremost专项练习Ⅱ用所给词适当形式填空1.Thisstoryis_________________(interesting)thanthatone.2.MountQomolangmais_______________(high)mountainintheworld.3.Mysisteris__________(thin)thanme.4.Thisisoneof_________________(famous)parksinourcity.5.Heruns__________(fast)thananyotherstudentinhisclass.6.Theweathertodayis__________(warm)thanyesterday.7.Sheis__________(good)atEnglishthanherbrother.moreinterestingthehighestthinnerthemostfamousfastestwarmerbetter专项练习Ⅲ单项选择

1.TheYellowRiveris__________thantheYangtzeRiver.A.shortB.shorterC.shortestD.theshortest2.Thisis__________beautifulflowerIhaveeverseen.A.themostB.moreC.mostD.amost3.Whichis__________mountaininChina?A.highB.higherC.highestD.thehighest4.Sheis__________thanhersister.A.happyB.happierC.happiestD.thehappiest5.Thisbookis__________thanthatone.A.muchinterestingB.moreinterestingC.mostinterestingBADBB专项练习Ⅲ单项选择

6.Heis__________studentinhisclass.A.cleverB.clevererC.cleverestD.thecleverest7.Thetideshereare__________thanthoseinotherplaces.A.highB.higherC.highestD.thehighest8.Thisproblemis__________thanthatone.A.easyB.easierC.easiestD.theeasiest9.Shesings__________thanherbestfriend.A.wellB.betterC.bestD.thebest10.Thisparkis__________famousthanthatone.A.moreB.muchC.mostD.themostDBBBA专项练习Ⅳ选择正确的范围词in/of/among1.MountQomolangmaisthehighestmountain__________theworld.2.Sheistheyoungest__________thethreesisters.3.Thisisthemostdeliciousfood__________ourcity.4.Heisthetallest__________hisclassmates.5.TheYangtzeRiveristhelongest__________alltheriversinChina.6.Thisisthebestbook__________thefivebooks.7.Sheisthemostpopular__________thestudents.inofinamongofofamong专项练习Ⅴ短文语篇填空阅读下面短文，用括号内所给形容词的适当形式填空。

Chinahasmanyamazingnaturalwonders.TheYangtzeRiveris1._____________(long)thantheYellowRiver.MountQomolangmaisthe2._____________(high)mountainonEarth.TheQiantangRiverhasthe3._____________(big)tidesinChina.Thesewondersare

4._____________(beautiful)thanmanyotherplaces.IthinkChinaisoneofthe5._____________(great)countriesintheworld.Weshouldloveourmotherland.longerhighestbiggestmorebeautifulgreatest专项练习Ⅵ句型转换（每空一词）1.MountQomolangmaisthehighestmountainintheworld.（改为比较级）MountQomolangmais________________________________________mountainintheworld.2.TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.（改为最高级）TheYangtzeRiveris____________________riverinChina.3.Thisboxisbiggerthanthatone.（改为同义句）Thatboxis__________thanthisone.4.Sheistheclevereststudentinherclass.（改为比较级）Sheis__________than____________________studentinherclass.higherthananyotherthelongestsmallercleverer