2025~2026学年上海市黄浦区上海大同中学高二上学期10月学情调研英语试卷

2025~2026学年上海市黄浦区上海大同中学高二上学期10月学情调研英语试卷一、听力选择题1.

A．Fascinating.B．Useful.C．Difficult.D．Boring.2.

A．Inarestaurant.B．Inafactory.C．Inadepartmentstore.D．Inanoffice.3.

A．Alibrarian.B．Apsychologist.C．Apublisher.D．Ateacher.4.

A．Hepreferstojointhewomanlater.B．Heintendstoeatouttonight.C．Hewantstowatchthebasketballgame.D．Hehatestolosethechampionship.5.

A．Itwasquitedelightful.B．Itwasnotwellorganized.C．Carefulpreparationshadbeendone.D．Peoplemadeamessontheground.6.

A．Heisquiteunhappywiththewoman.B．Heiseagertoknowthewoman’sreply.C．Thewomanshouldmakefulluseofhertime.D．Thewomandoesn’thavetobeinahurry.7.

A．Goonsmoking.B．Cryouthisheart.C．Talkwiththedoctor.D．Carryonwithexercise.8.

A．Bossandshopassistant.B．Houseagentandclient.C．Interviewerandjobhunter.D．Managerandcustomer.9.

A．Shehadbetterstayuplatetonight.B．Shehastogetmoresleepatnight.C．Sheshouldavoiddistractionsinclass.D．Shemustimprovehergradesgradually.10.

A．Themanonlyfilledhistankhalffull.B．Themancan’treadtheinstrument.C．Thecarisbreakingdownontheway.D．Thecarhasrunoutofgasoline.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。11.A．Purchasinglessexpensiveobjectsavailable.B．Buyingonlyessentialsandatreatonoccasion.C．Learningtocookforyourselfathome.D．Livingonlessmoneythanyouearn.12.A．Tohaveabetterhealth.B．Tokeeptheirpromises.C．Toavoidbeinghurteasily.D．Togainadesiredfriendship.13.A．Lifeskillsneededtobelearntatanearlyage.B．Greatwaysofsavingmoneyintheearlyyears.C．Practicalskillstocooknutritiousfoodathome.D．Methodsofgatheringwisdominsteadofbitterness.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。14.A．Toworkontherentedlandpeacefully.B．Togetusedtotheterriblycoldweather.C．Totellhiskidsstorieseverynight.D．Tobreakthepovertycycleofhisfamily.15.A．Heworkedinthedairywithhismother.B．Helearnedtomendhisownclothes.C．Hehadastrongpassionforwords.D．Hegotwelleducatedatschool.16.A．25.B．27.C．28.D．37.17.A．Hewasconsiderablyinfluencedbyhismother.B．Farmworkturnedouttobequiteeasyforhim.C．Hehadalreadybecomefamousbeforehisfatherpassedaway.D．PeopleinScotlandregardedhimasasuccessfulfarmersinger.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。18.A．Harbinisherfavoritecity.B．Shedoesn’tlikeplacesinthesouth.C．Russiaisabeautifulcountry.D．Shecan’tstandtheheatinsummer.19.A．Drivingacarbythemselvesinthelocalcountry.B．Gettingagroupoftenpeopletravelingtogether.C．Flyingattheweekendwithspecialfaretickets.D．Invitingmorefriendstosharethehappiness.20.A．Notknowinganylocalpeople.B．Unabletofindafellowtraveller.C．UnabletospeakRussian.D．Nothavinganyinterpreter.二、语法填空Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ArtworknowmostvaluableHarryPotteritemeversoldAnoriginalwatercolourillustrationhasbecomethemostvaluableHarryPotteritemeversold,21(fetch)$1.9m(£1.5m)atauctionintheUS.TheartworkforthefirsteditionofJKRowling’sHarryPotterandthePhilosopher'sStonesoldformorethanthreetimestheexpectedprice.Itwasfirstauctionedin2001,beforethebookserieswascomplete,for£85,750(about$108,00022currentexchangerates).Theartwork23(expect)tosellforbetween$400,000and$600,000,whichSotheby’ssaidwasthehighestpre-saleestimateforaHarryPotter-relatedwork.24tooknearly10minutesforthefour-waybiddingtofinishonWednesday.Theidentityofthebuyerwasnotrevealed.Theartistbehindtheillustration,ThomasTaylor,wasonly23yearsoldin1997,whenhecreatedthefamousimageofHarryPotter25(stand)infrontoftheHogwartsExpress-thetrainthatwouldleadtheyoungwizard(巫师)intothemagicalworld.Itwasdoneusingconcentratedwatercolourswithblackpenciloutlinesandtookhimtwodaystofinish.MrTaylor,whogrewupinWales,wasoneofthefirstpeople26(read)themanuscript(手稿)fortheoriginalHarryPotterbook,27wentontosellmillionsofcopiesandgeneratedaprofitablefranchise(特许经营)28(include)moviesandthemeparks.MsSandssaidthedifferenceinauctionpricebetween2001,whenonlyfourofthesevenbooksintheserieswerepublished,andnowreflectedjust29popularauthorRowling’screationhadbecome.“Intheinterveningdecades,it'sbeenextraordinarytoseejusttheconclusionofHarry’sstory,butalsohowtheHarryPotterfranchisehastakenoff,andinthattime,newgenerationshavecome30(appreciate)Harryandhisjourneyaswell”三、选词填空Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.facingB.slicedC.averageD.landscapeE.archedF.fencing

G.consequencesH.calculatedI.mountingJ.leadingK.indistinguishableTheWildlifeOverpassHelpsAnimalsCrossBusyHighwayAlmostperfectlyconnected,thetwosidesofascenicforestinAlberta,Canada,havebeenwovenbacktogether.LocatedbetweenCalgaryandBanffNationalPark,thisstretchoftheCanadianRockies(落基山脉)is31intwobytheTrans-CanadaHighway,oneofthebusiestroadwaysintheprovince.Thathaddeadly32forthearea’swildlife,aswellasthetensofthousandsofpeoplewhodrivethroughiteveryday.Butnow,afteryearsof33wildlife-vehiclecollisions(碰撞),thedangertoanimalsandhumansisbeingreducedwithamazingnewwildlifeoverpasses.TheBowValleyGapwildlifeoverpassisaroughly200-foot-widecapoverafour-lanehighway,toppedwithsoilandforest-likeplantingsthatcreatesabridgealmost34fromtheforestoneitherside.ThedesignandengineeringfirmDialogledthestructuralengineeringand35architectureofthefirstwildlifeoverpassinCanadaconstructedoutsideofanationalpark.It’sinanareawherereportedvehiclecollisionswithdeer,elk,coyotes,andgrizzlybearshappen69timesperyearon36.“Thebestwaytoreducecollisionsistotrytopreventthem.Thenumberonewaytopreventthemisactually37.Butitdoesn’tallowconnectivityoftheanimal.Itkeepsthemonbothsidesofthehighwayandnothelpfulformigrationpatterns,connectivity,theabilitytogetmates,geneticdiversity,andthat’swheretheoverpasscomesintoplay,”saysDialog’sNeilRobson,theoverpassprojectmanagerandleaddesigner.Theoverpasssitsatoptwo38tunnelsthatcoverthetwotrafficlanesandshouldersoneachsideoftheperspective,theoverpasshasasmoothMshape,andiscoveredwithgrasses,shrubs,andtrees.Atallmetalfencerunsalongitsedges,aswellasonthesidesoftheroad39uptotheoverpass,runningatotalofmorethansevenmiles.Wildlifebiologistswereinvolvedduringtheinitialdesignphasesfortheoverpassandhelpedtoshapeitslookandform.Theoverpass’sdimensionswereinfluencedbythespecies’sizeinthearea,anditsslopeswere40toaccommodatewhatanimalsneedtoseetosurviveinthewild.RobsonsaysthedesignprocessbehindtheoverpassisinformingfuturewildlifeoverpassesinCanada,includingthreethatDialogiscurrentlydesigning.And,perhapsmoreimportantly,it’salreadybeingusedbythespeciesitwasdesignedtoprotect.四、完形填空Weallknowexerciseisgoodforus.Butwhatifyou’retoobusyduringtheweek?Anewstudyofferssome_________news.Theresearchersanalyzedthenumberson51,650adultswithdiabetes(糖尿病),_________themintofourgroups:thosewhodidnoMVPA(_________-to-vigorousphysicalactivity),thosewhodidlessthantherecommended150minutesperweek,thosewhohit150minutesaweekin3ormoresessions,andthosewho_________150minutesaweekin1—2sessions(theweekendwarriors(斗士)).Anylevelofexercisewasshowntobe_________,butprimarilyforthosewhoreachedtheMVPArecommendations.Peoplewhoparticipatedin3ormoreweeklysessionshada17percentlowerriskofdyingduringthestudyperiod,_________a19percentlowerriskofdyingfromcardiovascular(心血管的)—relatedissues.Theweekendwarriors_________evenbetter:thisgroupshoweda21percentlowerriskofall-causemortality(死亡率)anda33percentlowerriskofcardiovascular-relatedmortality.So_________youonlyhavetimeforasingleexercisesessionoracoupleofworkouts,youcanstillgetsomeofthesamehealthbenefits.“Eventhosewho_________MPVAforlessthan150minutesperweekexperiencedlowerall-causemortalitythanthosewhodidn’t,”writestheteam.Thestudydoesn’t_________causeandeffectbyitsuseofself-reporteddatatolookatasnapshotintime—andinonlycoveringpeoplewithdiabetes.However,it’s_________bymanypreviousstudiesthatshowanyamountofexercisecanmakeadifference.Mostpastresearchhasagreedthattheweekendwarriorapproachworksaswellasanyother:aslongasyou'rehittingthoserecommended_________,yougetthesamebenefitsintermsofbothphysicalhealthandmentalhealth.That'sencouragingforanyone_________tofitingymvisitsduringtheMonday-Fridaygrind(期间),butitshouldbepointedoutthatmoststudies(includingthislatestone)defineweekendwarriorsasthosewhoonlyexerciseproperly1—2timesaweek,regardlessofthedays.“Previousstudiesinthegeneralpopulationsuggestweekendwarriorsmayobtain_________mortalitybenefitstoregularlyactivepersons._________,estimatesmayvarybypopulationcharacteristics.”writetheresearchers.41.A．satisfyingB．encouragingC．disappointingD．surprising42.A．transformingB．initiatingC．categorizingD．pressuring43.A．moderateB．muscularC．mentalD．mindful44.A．gatheredB．managedC．savedD．consumed45.A．sufficientB．noticeableC．necessaryD．beneficial46.A．incaseofB．aswellasC．inspiteofD．thanksto47.A．faredB．recoveredC．performedD．proceeded48.A．unlessB．nowthatC．evenifD．asif49.A．contributedtoB．lookedintoC．tookchargeofD．engagedin50.A．integrateB．establishC．justifyD．identify51.A．weakenedB．yieldedC．backedD．resolved52.A．movementsB．scalesC．targetsD．limits53.A．strugglingB．rejectingC．affordingD．dedicating54.A．superiorB．relativeC．sameD．comparable55.A．BesidesB．InsteadC．ThereforeD．However五、阅读理解Isbeingbilingualgoodforyourbrain?Numerouspapershavebeenpublishedonthecognitive(认知的)advantagesofmultilingualism.Itissupposedtoimprove“executivefunction”,suchastheabilitytoignoredistractionsandplancomplextasks.Numerousstudieshaveevenshownthatmultilingualismmaydelaydementia(痴呆症).Thegoodnewsisthatitisnevertoolatetostartlearninganewlanguage.Astudyfrom2019showedthatamoderateamountoflanguagelearninginadultsdoesnotboostthingslikeexecutivefunction.Butitdoesmitigateage-relateddecline.Thebiggestbenefitsseemtocometothosewhomastertheirsecondlanguagesfully.Switchinglanguagesfrequentlyinthecourseofadaymaybeparticularlyimportant.Studiesoftranslatorshaveprovidedsomeofthestrongestevidenceforabilingualadvantage.Forexample,theyarefasteratswitchingbetweenmathproblemsthanmonolinguals,suggestingbettercognitivecontrol.ButMarkAntoniouwarnsthattoomanyothercomplicatedfactorscanmixupthefindings.Bilingualismexerciseschildren’sbrainsinawaythattheirschoolingmightnot.Thechildofdiplomats,raisedinaforeignlanguageabroad,mayhavecognitiveandeducationaladvantagesthathavenothingtodowithbilingualism.Incontrast,inpoorerregionswithlittleschooling,multilingualpeopleshowthestrongestadvantagesfromspeakingseverallanguages.Ageplaysaroletoo.Studiessuggestthattheeffectsoflanguagesonthebrainarestrongerforyoungchildrenandtheoldthantheyareforyoungadults.Bilingualyoungkidsseemtooutperformincognitivedevelopmentintheearlyyears,buttheirmonolingualclassmatesmaycatchupwiththemlater.EllenBialystok,aleadingscientistinthisfield,hascomparedthecognitiveprotectionbilingualismprovidestoasliceofholeySwisscheese.Doingotherthingsthataregoodforthebrain,suchasexercise,islikepilinguptheslices.Theholesinthemareindifferentplaces,sotogethertheyofferstrongercognitiveprotection.Butallthesestudiestakeforgrantedthekeymentalbenefitoflanguagestudy:beingabletotalktopeopleyoucouldn’tbefore.Evenifyoucan’tbebornfluent,that’sreasonenoughtotry.56.Whatcanbeinferredaboutbilingualindividualswhorarelyusetheirsecondlanguage?

A．Theystillgainsignificantcognitivebenefits.B．Theirexecutivefunctionimprovesthemost.C．Theymaymissoutonbilingualism'sfullbenefits.D．Theyarelesslikelytosolvecomplexmathproblems.57.WhatisthepurposeofEllenBialystok’s"holeySwisscheese"comparison?

A．Toshowbilingualismisthekeyfactorinprotectingthebrain.B．Tocomparethequalityofcognitiveprotectionfromdifferentactivities.C．Toproveeatinghigh-proteinfoodcanpileupcognitivehealth.D．Toshowcombinationofbrain-healthyactivitiesenhancesprotection.58.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthecognitiveadvantagesofmultilingualism?

A．PrimarilydismissiveB．AbsolutelypositiveC．CautiouslyoptimisticD．BroadlyneutralLivingthroughextremeheatwavescanspeedupyourrateofaging,accordingtoresearchpublishedMonday.Scientistsanalyzed15years’worthofhealthdatafromnearly25,000adultsinTaiwanandfoundthattwoyearsofexposuretoheatwavescouldaccelerateaperson’sso—calledbiologicalagingbyeightto12extradays.Itmaynotsoundlikealot,butthisnumberbuildsovertime,saidCuiGuo,anassistantprofessorattheUniversityofHongKongwholedthestudy,whichwaspublishedMondayinthejournalNatureClimateChange.“Thissmallnumberactuallymatters,”shesaid.“Thiswasastudyofatwo-yearexposure,butweknowheatwaveshaveactuallybeenoccurringfordecades.”Theresearchcomesasclimatechangeismakingheatwavesmoreintenseandlong-lasting.TheWestCoastoftheUnitedStatesissufferingfromextremelyhottemperatureswhileIranisexperiencingsearingheat.Record-breakingtemperaturespunishedEurope,JapanandKoreaearlierthismonth.Francerecentlyexperienceditssecondheatwaveofthesummer,leadingtoanationaldebateoverair-conditioning.In2024,thehottestyearonrecord,climatechangewasresponsiblefor41extradaysofextremeheatworldwide,accordingtoananalysisbyWorldWeatherAttribution.Particulargroupsaremorevulnerable(易受伤害的)tofasteragingbecauseofheat,theresearchersfound.Ifyou’reanolderpersonwhohaslivedthroughmanyheatwaves,youmayagefasterthanayoungerpersonwhohadthesameexposure,Dr.Guosaid.Otherfactors,suchaslivingwithoutair-conditioningorworkingoutdoors,canalsomakeyouragingratesignificantlyworse.Dr.Guocautionsthisisn’tthesameaslosingliteraldaysoffyourlife;itreflectsameasurableshiftinbiologicalagingmarkers,notthecalendar.Thestudydefinedheatwavesasbothaperiodofatleasttwocontinuousdaysofabnormallyhightemperaturesaswellasanytimewhenofficialsissuedheatwarnings.Italsotookthesumofaperson’sheatexposureintoaccount.Theresearchersquantifiedtheheat’seffectsbycomparingpeople’sbiologicalagetotheirchronological(按照时间计算的)age.Biologicalage,isameasureofhowhealthyaperson’slungs,liverandcellsarecomparedwithaperfectlyhealthyperson,Dr.Guosaid.Thestudyused12ofthesehealthmeasurements,knownasbiomarkers,tocalculatehowheataffectedtherateofagingforthestudy’sparticipants.Theresultsaccountedforindividualfactorsthatcanaffectagingmarkers,suchasexercise,smokingandpreexistingdisease.“Mostcountriesarefacinganagingpopulation,”Dr.Guosaid.Sincebiologicalagingiscloselylinkedtodeathandmanydiseases,speedingitupcanbeanindicatorofserioushealthproblems.ThepopulationofTaiwan,alongwithItaly,SpainandHongKong,ranksasoneoftheoldestintheworld.IntheUnitedStates,alittlelessthanaquarterofthepopulationisexpectedtobe65orolderby2050.59.Whatwastheprimaryfindingaboutexposuretoheatwaves?

A．ItaffectedthehealthofalargepopulationofpeopleinTaiwan.B．Itcausedanincreaseinbiologicalagingequivalentto8-12days.C．Ittriggered41extradaysofextremeheatglobally.D．Itreversedagingmarkersinoutdoorworkersby10%.60.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?

A．Officialsissueheatwarningswhentemperatureshaveremainedabnormallyhighforatleasttwocontinuousdays.B．Thestudy’sabilitytomeasureheat’simpactwouldbequestionableiftheassessmentofbiologicalagewereinaccurate.C．Aperson’schronologicalageismorecloselyrelatedtotheirlungandliverhealththantheirbiologicalage.D．Thedefinitionofheatwavesusedinthestudyisidenticaltotheonecommonlyadoptedbymostclimateresearch.61.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A．Livingwithoutair-conditioninghasspeduptheagingrateofFrenchworkers.B．Heatwavesaccelerateaginginseniorsasmuchasintheyoung.C．Asagingistiedtodisease,speedingitupsignalspoorhealth.D．Biologicalagingservesasmarkersandcantranslatetolivingshorterlifespan.62.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?

A．ClimateChange’sNewEvidence:ExtremeHeatB．NewStudyRevealstheRecentHeatWavesCrisisC．WhatYearsofHeatWavesCanDotoYourLifeandWorkD．HeatWavesAreSpeedingUpHumanAgingIsgaminggoodforkids?Gamers,haveyouevernoticedthatyou’rethefirstpersontospotanimalsatthezoo?Orifsomeonedropscandyontheground,youknowexactlywhereeverypiecelanded?Thatmaybebecauseyouplayvideogames.ResearchhasshownpeoplewhoplayvideogameslikeFortniteorRocketLeaguehavehighervisualacuity,meaningtheycankeeptrackofmultiplemovingobjectsatonce—orevenseethingsinthefogorrainthatotherscannot.It’soneofthemanybenefitsresearcherslikemehavediscoveredaboutplayingvideogames.63DevelopingskillsWhenyoukeepaneyeonyourenemies,grabthebestlootandchangeyourinventorywithoutevenlookingatthecontroller,youareessentiallyflexingyourbrain.Yourbrainloveschallengeslikethis—andcanactuallygrowfromplayingvideogames.64Videogamescandevelopotherskills,too.Forexample,theycanteachyoutonevergiveup,nomatterhowmanytimesittakestobeatthefinalbossorreachthenextlevel.65Thinkaboutyourfavoritegames.Theygiveyoulotsofdifferentproblemswithmultiplesolutions,whichmakesyourealizesolvingproblemscanbereallyfun.And,ofcourse,oneoftheverybestthingsaboutplayingvideogamesisthefriends.ApplyingskillstoreallifeWhileyoucanturnonavideogameandquicklyfeelpowerful,inchargeandpopular,it’sgoodtoremembergamesarealittlelikeplayinglifeontheeasiestsettings.Reallifetendstobemorechallenging.Butthinkabouthowyougetboredplayingagameontheeasiestsetting—andhowits