人教版高中英语选必一单元素养评价（四）

单元素养评价（四）

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最

佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题

和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.WhatgiftwillthewomanprobablygetforMary?

A.Aschoolbag.B.Arecord.C.Atheatreticket.

2.Whatwillthewoman（elltheman?

A.Hercompany'sname.B.Hernewaddress.C.Herphonenumber.

3.Whencan（heworr.anget（hecomputer?

A.OnTuesday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnThursday.

4.WhereisMarygoing?

A.Home.B.Thepark.C.Thebusstop.

5.Wherearcthemanandthewomanprobablytalking?

A.Insideabookstore.B.Outsideanartmuseum.C.Outsideasportscentre.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有儿个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个

选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个

小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6.Whatmonthisitnow?

A.September.B.October.C.November.

7.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?

A.Theyareboihfootballplayers.B.Theyarebothintraining.

C.Theybothenjoysports.

听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

8.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Aflighttimetable.B.ThewaytoUnionStreet.C.Hiringataxi.

9.Whereis（hewomangoingonSaturday?

A.GardenHotel.B.Theairport.C.Thetaxicompany.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Whatdidthemandowithhisoldcar?

A.Hesoldit.B.Herepairedtheengine.C.Herepairedthewheels.

11.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisoldcar?

A.Itwasmorecomfortable.B.Itwasworththemoney.C.Itwasinbad

condition.

12.Howdocsthemanfeelabouthisnewcar?

A.Hethinksitisnotworththemoneyhespentoni（.

B.Hethinksitisworsethantheoldone.

C.Hethinksitismuchbetter（hantheoldone.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Whatdoesthespeakermainlydiscuss?

A.Thehistoryofcola.B.Soft-drinkproduction.C.Usingcolaasadrug.

14.Howwascolaoriginallysold?

A.Asasoftdrink.B.Asamedicine.C.Asacookingoil.

15.WhydidthespeakermentionJohnS.Pamberton?

A.Hesoldcolatodoctors.B.Hewasadrugstoreclerk.C.Hedevelopedcolaasa

drug.

16.Howwasthedrugmadeintoasoftdrink?

A.Bymixingitwithspecialoils.B.Byheatingit.

C.Byaddingsodawater.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whatdoesthesentence“Behindeverysucccssfiilmanthereisawoman''mean?

A.Thereisawomanstandingbehindeverysuccessfulman.

B.Women'ssupporttomenisamostimportantfactorofmen'ssuccess.

C.Everysuccessdependsonwomen.

18.Whowantstobeassuccessfulasmen?

A.Allwomen.B.Everywoman.C.Noteverywoman.

19.WhichofthefollowingstillexistsintheUStoday?

A.Mencangetthebestjobsbutwomencan't.

B.Womencan'tgetequalpayfbrequalwork.

C.BothAandB.

20.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Mensupportwomeninthewomen'sliberationmovement.

B.Thegovernmentsupportswomeninthewomen'sliberationmovement.

C.Womenwanttohavethesamechanceforsuccess.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；母小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

It'seasytogetdefeatedcompletelybysomethingnegativeinyourdailylife.Givetheseapps

atryifyouwanttobemorepositiveinsteadofbeingnegativeinyourdailylife.

Shine

Shineisatextmessagingservicebasedontheideathatsonictiniesyouneedsomeexternal

phrasestoguideyourinternalpositivethinking.

Visitthewebsite,andyou'llhavetheabilitytosignuptoreceiveadailytextmessage—all

youneedtoprovideisafirstnameandaphonenumber.Thenyou'llreceiveonemessageperday

withinspirationalquotesfromsuccessfulpeoplefromMondaythroughFriday.

Kwippy

Inmanycases,statementsthatcomefromotherpeoplecanbemorepowerfulthanonesyou

maketoyourself.That'swhereKwippycomesin.

TheappKwippyhasapositive,livelycommunityfocusedonfunwhilekeepingnegativity

out.ltisanewkindofsocialmediaplatformthatwillsendyourandomchallengesthroughoutthe

day,promptingyoutotakeaphotoofsomethinginyournearbyenvironment.

ThinkUp

Ifyou'refeelingconfidentandgoodaboutyourplaceinlife»downloadtheapp,comeupwith

somepositivestatementsaboutyourselfandrecordthemforfuturegenerations.Ifyou'refeeling

lesscreativeordon*tknowwhattosay,don'tworry-theappalsohasalistofsharedpositive

statementsthatyoucanchoosefrom.

SmilingMind

SmilingMind,anonprofitorganization,wasfoundedbyandiscurrentlyoperatedby

psychologistsandeducators.Everythingthereissupportedbyscientificevidence.Theappisfreeto

usebutyoucanmakeadonationifyouwanttocontinuesupportingtheirefforts,displaying

friendlyandthoughtfulactstoothers.

Intheapp,you'llfinddifferentchoices,whichcanhelpyouremovenegativethoughtsand

focusonthepositivityofthepresentmoments.

21.Whichappmakespeoplefeelencouragedregularly?

A.Shine.B.Kwippy.C.ThinkUp.D.SmilingMind.

22.WhoisKwippysuitablefor?

A.Thosewhoneedtofaceabiglifechallenge.

B.Thosewholookforafriendlyneighborhood.

C.Thosewholongforagreatsenseofbelonging.

D.Thosewhowanttoliveanenjoyablesociallife.

23.Whatisthepurposeofthearticle?

A.Tbshowthepowerofsomeadvancedapps.

B.Tointroducesomeappsforavoidingpeoplefeelingdown.

C.Tocomparetheadvantagesofsomeapps.

D.Tolistthewideusageofappsinourdailylife.

B

Tobeagoodteacher,youneedsomeofthegiftsofagoodactor;youmustbeabletoho：dthe

attentionandinterestofyouraudience;youmustbeaclearspeaker,withagood,strong,pleasing

voicewhichisfullyunderyourcontrol;andyoumustbeableloactwhatyouareteaching,in

ordertomakeitsmeaningclear.

Watchagoodteacher,andyouwillseethathedoesnotsitstillbeforehisclass：Hestands(he

wholetimeheisteaching;hewalksabout,usinghisarms,handsandfingerstohelphiminhis

explanations,andhisfacetoexpressfeelings.Listentohim,andyouwillheartheloudness,the

qualityandthemusicalnoteofhisvoicealwayschangingaccording(owhatheistalkingabout.

Thefactthatagoodteacherhassomeofthegiftsofagoodactordoesn'tmeanthathewill

indeedbeabletoactwellonthestage,forthereareveryimportantdifferencesbetweenthe

teacher'sworkandtheactor's.Theactorhastospeakwordswhichhehaslearntbyheart:hehasto

repeatexactlythesamewordseachtimeheplaysacertainpari,evenhismovementsandtheways

inwhichheuseshisvoiceareusuallyfixedbeforehand(预先).Whathehastodoistomakeall

thesecarefullylearntwordsandactionsseemnaturalonthestage.

Agoodteacherworksinquiteadifferentway.Hisaudiencetakesanactivepartinhisplay：

theyaskandanswerquestions,theyobeyorders,andiftheydon'tunderstandsomething,theysay

so.Theteacherthereforehaslomeettheneedsofhisaudience,whichishisclass.Hecannotlearn

hispartbyheart,butmustinventitashegoesalong.

Ihaveknownmanyteacherswhowerefineactorsinclassbutwereunabletotakepartina

stage-playbecausetheycouldnotkeepstrictlytowhatanotherhadwritten.

24.Whatisthetextabout?

A.Howtobecomeagoodteacher.

B.Whatagoodteachershoulddooutsidetheclassroom.

C.Whatteachersandactorscouldlearnfromeachoth^r.

D.Thesimilarities（相似处）anddifferencesbetweenateacher'sworkandanactor's.

25.Agoodteacher.

A.knowshowtoholdtheinterestofhisstudents

B.musthaveagoodvoice

C.knowshowtoactonthestage

D.standsorsitsstillwhileteaching

26.Inwhatwayisateacher'sworkdifferentfromanactor's?

A.Theteachermustlearneverythingbyheart.

B.Heknowshowtocontrolhisvoicebetterthananactor.

C.Hehastodealwithunexpectedsituations.

D.Hehastousemorefacialexpressions.

27.Themaindifferencebetweenstudentsinclassandatheatreaudienceisthat.

A.studentscanmovearoundintheclassroom

D.studentsmustkeepsilentwhiletheatreaudienceneedn't

C.nomemoryworkisneededforthestudents

D.thestudentsmusttakepartintheirteachers'plays

C

Don'tgetmadnexttimeyoucatchyourteenagertextingwhenhecommitshimselfto

studying.Hesimplymaynotbeabletoresist.AstudyoftheUniversityofIowa（UI）found

teenagersarcfarmoresensitivethanadultstotheimmediateeffectorrewardoftheirbehavior.

Thefindingsmayhelpexplainwhytheinitialrushoftextingmaybemoreattractivefor

adolescentsthanthelong-tcimpayoffofstudying.

“Fortheteenager,lierewardsareseductiveforthemtobeaddictedtotexting,“says

ProfessorJatinVaidya,anauthorofthestudy.uTheydrawadolescents.Sometimes,therewards

areakindofmotivationfor（hem.Evenwhenakindofbehaviorisnolongerinateenager'sbest

interesttocontinue,theywill,becausetheeffectoftherewardsisstillthereandlastsmuchlonger

inadolescentsthaninadults.^^

Forparents,thatmeanslimitingdistractionssothatteenagerscanmakebetterchoices.Take

thehomeworkandsocialmediadilemma:At9p.m.,shutoffeverythingexceptacomputerthat

hasnoaccesstoFacebookorTwitter,astheresearchersadvise.<4I'mnotsayingtheyshouldn'tbe

allowedaccesstotechnology,“saysVaidya."Butsomehelpinresettingtheirconcentrationis

necessaryforthemsothattheycandevelopthoseimpulse-controlskills.M

Intheirstudy,Vaidyaandco-authorShaunVeceranoteresearchersgenerallybelieve

teenagersarenotmature,nakebaddecisions,andengageinriskybehaviorbecausethefrontal

lobes（额叶）oftheirbrainsarenotfullydeveloped.ButtheUIresearcherswonderedwhether

somethingmorefundamemalwasgoingonwithadolescentstocausebehaviorindependentof

higher-levelreasoning.

“Wewantedtotrytounderstandthebrain'srewardsystemandhowitchangesfrom

childhoodtoadulthood,"saysVaidya,whoaddsthattherewardcharacterinthehumanbrainis

easierthandecision-making."We'vebeentryingtounderstandtherewardprocessinadolescence

andwhetherthereismoretoadolescentbehaviorthananunder-developedfrontallobe,"headds.

Fortheirstudy,theresearcherspersuaded40adolescents,aged13to16,and40adults,aged20to

35toparticipate.

Inthefuture,researchershopelolookintothepsychologicalandneurological(神经学上的)

aspectsoftheirresults.

28.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

A.Always,rewardsareattractivetoteenagers.

B.Always,adolescentscanresistrewards.

C.Resistancecanbecontrolledwellbyadolescents.

D.Gettingrewardsisthegreatestmotivationforadolescentstostudy.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"seductive"inParagraph2mean?

A.NecessaiyB.Attractive.

C.Useful.D.Important.

30.WhichstatementagreeswithVaidya'sidea?

A.Theinfluenceoftherewardisweakinadolescents.

B.Parentsshouldhelpchildreninmakingdecisions.

C.ChildrenshouldhaveaccesstotheInternet.

D.Childrenneedhelpinrefocusingtheirattention.

31.Whatresultdoestheteenager'sbrainunderdevelopmentleadto?

A.Doingthingsaftersomethought.B.Makinggooddecisions.

C.Joiningindangerousactions.D.Escapingriskybehavior.

D

Therearearound6,ODOlivinglanguagesintheworldandatleasthalfoftheseareindanger.

Ineverypartoftheworld,languagesarcdisappearing.Infact,onescientisthassaidthat

languagesareinmoredangerofextinctionthanbirdsormammals.ProfessorSteveSutherlandof

theUniversityofEastAngliasaysthatinthepast500years4.5percentoflanguageshavedied

out-comparedwith1.3percentofbirds,and1.9percentofmammals.

Languagescomeandgo,andthousandshavedoneexactlythatwithoutleavinganytrace.

Onlyaveryfew-Basque,GreekandLatinamong(hem-havelastedmorethan2,00()years.But

itseemsthatthepaceoftheirdisappearanceisbecomingquicker.

TheEthnologue,adatabaseofallthelanguagesspokenintheworld,statesthat417

languagesarespokenbysofewpeoplethattheyareinthefinalstagesofbecomingextinct.Ifvery

fewpeoplespeakalanguage,itwillprobablydieout.

Languagesmaybelostthroughmigration(迁移)，aspeoplemovefromsmalltownstocity

centers,orwhenenvironmentsaredestroyedbythesearchforoilorwood.Naturaldisasterscan

alsodestroypopulations,andalongwiththem,theirlanguage.Governmentsalsoplayaroleinthe

extinctionoflanguages.Theneedtoestablish''officiallanguages''»foracountrytoeducateits

childrenandcarryoutitsbusiness,hadadisastrouseffectonmanysmalllanguages.

Whatislostifalanguageislost?Somepeoplearguethatlanguagesdieasthehumarrace

develops.Obviouslytherecouldbegreatbenefitsifeveryoneintheworldspokethesame

language—someindustriesalreadyreflect(his,withEnglishessentialforpilotsandairtraffic

controllers.Buttherearemoreimportantthingsthanconvenience.Aslanguagesarelost,whole

waysoflifeandknowledgemaybelostalongwiththem.

Toputitsimply,languageexpressessomethingaboutidentity,aboutourplaceintheworld.

AniRauhihi,aMaoriteacherinNewZealand'sNorthIsland,sumsitup:"Ifyougrowupspeaking

ourlanguage,youwon'tknowwhoyouare.^^

32.Whatdothefiguresmentionedinthefirstparagraphsuggest?

A.Mostlanguageshavediedoutcompletely.

B.Languagesareingreatdangerofextinction.

C.Animalsaredisappearingfasterthanlanguages.

D.Languagesaredisappearingslowerthanbefore.

33.Whatwillhappenwhilepeoplemoved?

A.Populationswillreduce.B.Foodwillgrowwell.

C.Languagewilldisappear.D.Peoplebecomestrangers.

34.Whatwillcomeaboutifalanguageislost?

A.Therewillbegrea:trouble.

B.Thereisnoneedtoworryaboutit.

C.Itscultureandknowledgewillalsobelost.

D.Peoplewillbeabletocommunicatewithothersconveniently.

35.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Languagesreflectouridentity.

B.Peoplewillspeakthesamelanguageoneday.

C.Fewerpeoplewillremembertheirownlanguages.

D.AniRauhihicareslessaboutlanguagesdyingout.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选择中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选择。选项中有两项为多

余选择。

Inthemostbasicsense,self-regulation（自我调节）involvescontrollingone'sbehaviorand

thoughtsinpursuit（追求）oflong-termgoals.Generally,peoplewhoaregoodatself-regulation

tendtoseethegoodinothersandviewchallengesasopportunities.Theyexactlyknowwhatthey

wanttoachieve,actinaccordancewiththeirviews,anddevotetheirbesteftbrt.36

37Abad-temperedchildwhohitsotherswon'tbepopularatschool.Anadultwithpoor

self-regulationskillsmaylackself-confidence.Hemayhavedifficultyhandlingstress,andoften,

thismightbeexpressedintermsofangerandanxiety.

Howdoproblemswithself-regulationdevelop?Itcouldstartearlywhenababyisn'ttreated

withenoughcare.38Later,anadultmaystrugglewithself-regulation,eitherbecauseihis

abilitywasn'tdevelopedduringchildhood,orbecauseofalackofskillinmanagingdifficult

feelings.Whenleftunchecked,overtimethiscouldlead（oriskybehaviorsuchastakingdrugs.

39Oneofthemostfrequentlyusedmethodsistochangeyourthoughtpatterns,which

meansthatyouthinkaboutasituationinapositiveway,ratherthanonethat'slikelytoincrease

negativeemotions.40Ratherthanthinkingthatthisreflectssomethingaboutyourselfsuchas

“Myfriendhatesme"，youmightinsteadthink,“Myfriendmustbereallybusy”.

A.Trytocheeryourselfupafterdisappointment.

B.Dotheusualseriesofthingsataparticulartime.

C.Achildwhodoesn'tfeelsafemayhavetroubleself-regulating.

D.Alackofself-regulationwillcauseproblemsinlife.

E.Anyhow,self-regulationissoimportantthatweshouldlearntousethisskill.

F.Forexample,imagineafriendwhodoesn'treturnyourcallsortextsfbrseveraldays.

G.Alsotheycancalmthemselveswhenfeelingupsetandcheerthemselveswhenfeeling

down.

第三部分语言运用1共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选

项。

MyhusbandSajanisanIndianwithavegetarianheritage.SinceImethim,I'vebeena

vegetarian,too.Gettingolder,IwonderifIignoredmyparents'41.Afterall,theyaremore

42withmealswheremeatisthecenterpiece.

WheneverSajanandIcomehome,mymomstarts43ourmealsweeksbeforewearrive.

Sheresearchesnew44dishesandstocksuponbeansandyogurtthoughshe45both.So

often,eventhoughwe'reall46atthetabletogether,we'reeating47meals.I'venever

really48withmymomaboutthefoodtensioninourrelationship.Butearlierthissummer,I

49askedheraboutit.

“Itissometimesa(n)50tocookyourfood,"sheadmitted."Butitisimportantforus

to51yourandSajan'sIndianvegetariandiet.”

Shealsohadherquestion,“Youdon'tmissthe52yougrewupwith?”

Ido.AndIdon't.

Mymomstillmakesmyfavoritecookies.ButbecauseI'vebeenawayfromhomeforsolong,

I've53lotsofnewfoods,andIndianfoodhasbecomemyfood.Ialwaysassumedshefelt

hurtbythat,buttalkingtoher,I54Iwaswrong.

Lovecanbeshownthroughfoodindifferentways.Justmakealittleroomforwhatourloved

oneschooseto55.

41.A.talentsB.commandsC.traditionsD.efforts

42.A.concemedB.comfortableC.patientD.strict

43.A.planningB.cookingC.servingD.lasting

44.A.sideB.meatC.localD.vegetarian

45.A.dislikesB.recommendsC.desiresD.loses

46.A.standingB.sittingC.lyingD.kneeling

47.A.healthyB.deliciousC.differentD.heavy

48.A.talkedB.agreedC.metD.quarreled

49.A.quicklyB.graduallyC.regularlyD.finally

50.A.challengeB.adventureC.pleasureD.blessing

51.A.changeB.honorC.balanceD.follow

52.A.troubleB.storiesC.familyD.flavors

53.A.givenawayB.leftbehindC.gotattachedtoD.fallenshortof

54.A.forgotB.hopedC.realizedD.denied

55.A.sellB.sayC.readD.eat

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

NigeriaisacounlryinWestAfrica.1(has56.populationofover180million,

makingitthemostpopulouscountryinAfrica.Nigeriaisfamous57.crudeoil,music

andfashion.

LastyearIvolunteeredinNigeriafor7months.Myrolewastosetupyouthclubsinprimary

andsecondaryschools.Thepurposeoftheyouthclubswas58.(teach)childrenlife

skillssuchasteamwork,scienceandmaths.Itwasa(n)59.(enjoy)experience.Igotto

helpotherpeopleandlearnaboutNigerianculturefirst-hand.InparticularIlearntaboutNigerian

clothingandlanguages.

Aswellas60.(wear)Westernclothing,suchasjeansandT-shirts,Nigeriansalso

weartraditionalclothing.Traditionalclothing61.(be)boldwithbrightcolours,

eye-catchingpatternsanduniqueshapes.NigeriansweartraditionalclothingonFridaysand

Sundays,andforspecialoccasionslikeweddings.Theyeithermaketheclothesthemselvesor

havethem62.(make)byatailor.

TheofficiallanguageinNigeriaisEnglish.English63.(introduce)toNigeriawhen

NigeriabecamepartoftheBritishEmpirein1901.Englishis64.(main)spokeninbig

cities.Outsideofthesecitiespeoplespeaklotsofotherlanguages.Infact,thereareover500

languages65.arespoke