中考全英文版历史试卷

中考全英文版历史试卷

PartI:MultipleChoice(20questions,2pointseach,40pointstotal)

1.WhichdynastyiscreditedwiththeunificationofChinaunderthefirstemperor,whoalsoorderedtheconstructionoftheGreatWall?

A.Shang

B.Zhou

C.Qin

D.Han

2.TheSilkRoadwasprimarilyanetworkoftraderoutesconnecting:

A.ChinaandEurope

B.IndiaandAfrica

C.JapanandKorea

D.SoutheastAsiaandAustralia

3.Whichofthefollowinginventionsisconsideredoneofthe"FourGreatInventions"ofancientChina?

A.SteamEngine

B.Compass

C.Telephone

D.PrintingPress(MovableType)

4.TheTangDynasty(618-907AD)isoftenregardedasagoldenageofChinesecivilization.Whichcityservedasitscapitalandamajorinternationalhub?

A.Nanjing

B.Kaifeng

C.Chang'an

D.Beijing

5.TheMongolEmpirereacheditsgreatestextentunderwhichruler,whoestablishedtheYuanDynastyinChina?

A.GenghisKhan

B.KublaiKhan

C.OgedeiKhan

D.Timur

6.ThevoyagesofZhengHeduringtheMingDynastydemonstratedChina's:

A.MilitaryaggressiontowardsEurope

B.Advancednavaltechnologyandexploration

C.DesiretocolonizetheAmericas

D.Isolationistpolicies

7.TheOpiumWars(1839-1842,1856-1860)wereconflictsbetweenChinaandwhichforeignpowers?

A.FranceandGermany

B.RussiaandJapan

C.GreatBritainandFrance

D.UnitedStatesandPortugal

8.TheTreatyofNanjing(1842),whichendedtheFirstOpiumWar,forcedChinatocedewhichislandtoBritain?

A.Taiwan

B.Hainan

C.HongKongIsland

D.Macau

9.TheTaipingRebellion(1850-1864)wasamassivecivilwarinChinaledby:

A.SunYat-sen

B.HongXiuquan

C.EmpressDowagerCixi

D.YuanShikai

10.The"HundredDays'Reform"of1898wasanattempttomodernizeChina'sinstitutions.ItwasinitiatedbyEmperorGuangxubutsuppressedby:

A.TheBoxers

B.EmpressDowagerCixi

C.TheQingarmygenerals

D.Foreigndiplomats

11.The1911Revolution,alsoknownastheXinhaiRevolution,ledtotheoverthrowofwhichsystemofgovernmentinChina?

A.Feudalsystem

B.Imperialsystem(QingDynasty)

C.Warlordsystem

D.Communistsystem

12.Whoisknownasthe"FatherofModernChina"andservedasthefirstprovisionalpresidentoftheRepublicofChina?

A.ChiangKai-shek

B.MaoZedong

C.SunYat-sen

D.DengXiaoping

13.TheMayFourthMovementof1919wasaprotestagainst:

A.Theabdicationofthelastemperor

B.TheunfairtreatmentofChinaintheTreatyofVersailles

C.TheriseoftheCommunistParty

D.TheJapaneseinvasionofManchuria

14.TheLongMarch(1934-1935)wasastrategicretreatundertakenbywhichChinesepoliticalforce?

A.TheKuomintang(Nationalists)

B.TheChineseCommunistParty(RedArmy)

C.TheJapaneseImperialArmy

D.RegionalWarlords

15.TheSecondSino-JapaneseWar(1937-1945)mergedintowhichglobalconflict?

A.WorldWarI

B.TheKoreanWar

C.WorldWarII

D.TheColdWar

16.ThefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChinawasproclaimedbyMaoZedongon:

A.July1,1921

B.October1,1949

C.August1,1927

D.May4,1919

17.Whichpolicy,launchedin1958,aimedtorapidlytransformChinafromanagrariansocietyintoanindustrialonebutresultedineconomichardship?

A.TheFirstFive-YearPlan

B.TheGreatLeapForward

C.TheCulturalRevolution

D.TheReformandOpening-up

18.Theperiodfrom1966to1976,characterizedbysocialandpoliticalupheaval,isknownas:

A.TheAnti-RightistCampaign

B.TheGreatProletarianCulturalRevolution

C.TheGangofFourReign

D.TheSocialistEducationMovement

19.AfterMaoZedong'sdeath,whobecametheparamountleaderofChinaandinitiatedthe"ReformandOpening-up"policyin1978?

A.HuaGuofeng

B.ZhouEnlai

C.DengXiaoping

D.JiangZemin

20.WhatistheprinciplethatguidesChina'spolicytowardsHongKongandMacau,allowingthemahighdegreeofautonomy?

A."OneCountry,TwoSystems"

B."SocialismwithChineseCharacteristics"

C."PeacefulReunification"

D."SpecialAdministrativeRegion"

PartII:ShortAnswerQuestions(4questions,5pointseach,20pointstotal)

21.BrieflyexplainthemainpurposeoftheGrandCanalbuiltduringtheSuiDynasty.

22.Nametwosignificantimpacts(positiveornegative)ofthevoyagesofZhengHe.

23.WhatwerethetwomainopposingsidesintheChineseCivilWar(1927-1949)?

24.WhatwastheprimarygoalofDengXiaoping's"ReformandOpening-up"policyinitiatedin1978?

PartIII:MaterialAnalysis(2questions,10pointseach,20pointstotal)

25.Readthefollowingexcerptandanswerthequestionsbelow.

"Theproductsofthesoilarenotsufficienttofeedandclothethepeople.Thewomenarenotemployed...thewealthofthelandisnotdeveloped.Thereasonforallthisisthatscholarsarenottaughtpracticalmatters...Weshouldestablishschoolswheresciencewillbetaught."

-FromamemorialtothethroneduringthelateQingDynasty.

a)Basedonthetext,whatprobleminChinadoestheauthoridentify?(4points)

b)Whatsolutiondoestheauthorpropose?(3points)

c)Whichlaterreformmovementinthelate19thcenturyreflectedsimilarideas?(3points)

26.Lookatthetimelinebelowandanswerthequestions.

1912:RepublicofChinafounded.

1921:ChineseCommunistPartyfounded.

1937:SecondSino-JapaneseWarbegins.

1949:People'sRepublicofChinafounded.

a)WhatmajorhistoricalperiodinChinadoesthistimelinecover?(3points)

b)Theyear1949marksaturningpoint.WhatchangedinChina'sgovernmentandsociety?(4points)

c)Nameonemajorchallengethenewgovernmentfacedafter1949.(3points)

PartIV:EssayQuestion(1question,20points)

27.ChooseONEofthefollowingtopicsandwriteashortessay(approximately150-200words).

TopicA:DiscussthecausesandconsequencesoftheFirstOpiumWar(1839-1842)forChina.

OR

TopicB:CompareandcontrasttheleadershipandmajorpoliciesofMaoZedongandDengXiaopinginshapingmodernChina.

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Answers

PartI:MultipleChoice

1.C

2.A

3.D(Thecompassisalsoone,but"PrintingPress(MovableType)"isthespecificoptionlisted.BothBandDarecorrectinventions,butDistheprecisematchtotheoption.)

4.C

5.B

6.B

7.C

8.C

9.B

10.B

11.B

12.C

13.B

14.B

15.C

16.B

17.B

18.B

19.C

20.A

PartII:ShortAnswer

21.Themainpurposewastofacilitatethetransportofgrain(especiallyrice)fromthefertilesouthtothepoliticalandmilitarycentersinthenorth,andtostrengthencentralcontrolovertheempire.

22.Anytwoof:DemonstratedChina'snavalpower;ExpandedChina'stributarysystemanddiplomaticinfluence;Promotedtradeandculturalexchange;Wereextremelycostlyandwerelaterdiscontinued.

23.TheChineseCommunistParty(CCP)andtheKuomintang(KMT,orNationalistParty).

24.TheprimarygoalwastomodernizeChina'seconomybyintroducingmarket-orientedreformsandopeninguptoforeigninvestmentandtrade,movingawayfromastrictplannedeconomy.

PartIII:MaterialAnalysis

25.

a)Theauthoridentifiesproblemsofpoverty,unemployment,underdevelopedresources,andaneducationsystemthatfailstoteachpractical,usefulknowledge(likescience).

b)Theauthorproposesestablishingschoolsthatteachscienceandpracticalsubjects.

c)TheHundredDays'Reform/LateQingreforms/Self-StrengtheningMovement(Anyoneisacceptable,thoughHundredDays'Reformistheclosestmatchtothetext'ssentiment).

26.

a)TheperiodcoversthefalloftheQingDynasty,theRepublicanera,thewaragainstJapan,andtheChineseCivilWar,leadingtotheestablishmentofthePRC.(Acceptable:LateQingtoearlyPRC/China'smodernrevolutionaryperiod).

b)In1949,theChineseCommunistPartyestablishedthePeople'sRepublicofChina,replacingtheRepublicofChinagovernment.Thismarkedashiftfromacapitalist-orientedrepublictoasocialiststateundercommunistrule,endingthecivilwar(onthemainland)andbeginninganeweraofreconstruction.

c)Anyoneof:Rebuildingthewar-torneconomy;Gaininginternationalrecognition;Landreform;TheKoreanWar;Consolidatingpoliticalcontrol.(Othervalidanswersaccepted).

PartIV:EssayQuestion

27.

TopicASampleKeyPoints:

Causes:BritishtradedeficitwithChina;highBritishdemandforChineseteaandsilk;BritishsaleofopiumfromIndiatoChinatobalancetrade;Chinesegovernment'seffortstosuppresstheopiumtrade(LinZexu).

ConsequencesforChina:Defeat;TreatyofNanjing(1842);cessionofHongKongIsland;openingoftreatyports;extraterritorialityforforeigners;largeindemnity;beginningofthe"Cen