2025-2026学年辽宁省沈阳市于洪区八年级（上）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2025-2026学年辽宁省沈阳市于洪区八年级（上）期末英语试卷一、阅读五选四：本大题共4小题，共8分。Aftergettingsomeinformationaboutdinosaursfromtheencyclopaedia，Marygotinterestedintheseanimals.（1）______Here'swhatshewroteinhernotebook.

Alongtimeago，longbeforethereweremanypeople，thereweredinosaurs.TheylivedonEarthforabout165millionyears.（2）______

Pictureathree-storyschoolbuslyingonitsside—that'showlongthebiggestonesgrew.Thetallestwerelikestackingfourgiraffesontopofeachother.Thesmallest？Aboutthesizeofachickenyouseeonafarm，butwithataillongerthanyourarm.

（3）______Yes，mostdinosaurshatchedfromeggs.Thelargesteggeverfoundwasasbigasafootball.Somedinosaursactuallyateotherdinosaurs'eggs，sneakingintonestslikethieves.

Scientistsdigupbones，eggs，andfootprints.Fromthosecluestheycanguesstheshapeofadinosaur'sbody.Sofartheyhavefoundmorethan800differentkinds.

Westillhavenoideawhatcolorstheywere，whatsoundstheymade，orexactlyhowtheyacted.（4）______

A.Then，65millionyearsago，theyalldisappeared.

B.Didtheyhavebabies？

C.ShesurfedtheInternetandfoundalotmoreaboutdinosaurs.

D.Weretheysmart？

E.That'swhydinosaursfeellikethegreatestmysteryonEarth.1.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E2.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E3.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E4.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E二、完形填空：本大题共10小题，共10分。I

was

born

in

a

mud-walled

house

in

Guizhou.

My

only

toy

was

an

old-wooden

blackboard

where

I

did

math

every

night.

In

1977,

I

(1)

my

village

and

rode

a

crowded

green

train

to

take

the

college

exam.

During

the

chemistry

test

I

wrote

one

small

number

(2)

and

lost

two

points.

Those

two

points

kept

me

out

of

my

dream

school.

I

felt

(3)

,

but

my

father

said,

"Next

time,

write

every

mark

as

if

someone's

life

(4)

it."

I

studied

(5)

than

ever.

In

university,

I

tested

173

times

to

find

the

safest

mix

for

bridges.

I

measured

again

and

again

until

my

mistake

was

smaller

than

a

hair.

Years

later,

after

a

big

(6)

,

I

checked

cracked

（裂缝的）

bridges

while

the

ground

was

still

shaking.

A

tiny

crack-only

0.3

mm—could

be

seen

by

nobody,

but

I

(7)

my

two

lost

points.

We

fixed

(8)

and

saved

many

lives.

Now

I

visit

(9)

and

show

students

my

old

exam

paper

with

the

tiny

mistake.

I

tell

them,

"Small

details

matter.

A

single

point

or

line

can

build

a

bridge

(10)

enough

to

last

a

hundred

years."

So

I

keep

working,

because

I

still

owe

the

world

those

two

points,

and

I

want

to

pay

them

back

with

my

whole

life.5.A.kept B.left C.stayed D.remained6.A.fast B.slow C.right D.wrong7.A.excited B.ugly C.sad D.nervous8.A.comeson B.decideson C.goeson D.moveson9.A.hard B.harder C.hardest D.thehardest10.A.earthquake B.flood C.fire D.hurricane11.A.forgot B.took C.found D.remembered12.A.theroad B.thebridge C.thebuilding D.thehouse13.A.communities B.villages C.schools D.governments14.A.strong B.comfortable C.wide D.high三、阅读理解：本大题共16小题，共32分。A15.If

your

computer

needs

to

be

fixed,

which

number

could

you

call？

______A.09651

324472 B.719

533

857 C.719

873

466 D.09651

32569316.Alice

wants

to

take

the

beginners

classes

of

exercise，which

time

is

proper

for

her？

______A.2–3

PM.

Monday/

Wednesday. B.7–8

PM.

Monday/

Thursday.

C.2–3

PM.

Tuesday

/

Thursday. D.11–12

PM.

Monday/

Wednesday.17.Which

information

would

you

choose

to

see

if

you

want

to

work

in

the

supermarket？

______A.PRESCO

supermarkets. B.Drummer

wanted.

C.Lost!!! D.Room

to

let.18.Where

would

this

text

most

possibly

be

found？

______A.On

school

noticeboard. B.an

exhibition

poster.

C.On

a

guide

book. D.On

a

fashion

magazine.BGifts

From

the

Crows

Many

people

don't

like

crows,

because

they

think

these

black

birds

will

bring

them

bad

luck.In

fact,

however,

crows

are

very

smart

and

can

interact

with

（与……互动）

humans.

They

have

about

the

same

intelligence

level

（智力水平）

as

that

of

a

seven-year-old

human

child.

Tango

has

first-hand

knowledge

of

how

clever

crows

can

be.

Three

years

ago,

she

moved

into

her

new

home

in

Virginia,

U.S.A.Soon

after,

she

began

feeding

the

crows

that

lived

near

her

house.She

left

them

peanuts

（花生）

and

tried

to

chat

with

them.

Over

time,

the

crows

started

to

trust

her.

In

exchange

for

the

yummy

food

she

left

for

them,

the

crows

began

to

bring

her

small

gifts.

These

gifts

included

shiny

coins

and

twisty

ties

（扭结）

from

bread

packages

（包装）.

So

far,

Tango's

favorite

gift

has

been

a

euro

（欧元）

coin.

"I

don't

know

where

they

found

the

euro

in

Virginia,

but

this

is

probably

the

coolest

present

they've

ever

left，"

Tango

said.

"

And

it's

also

the

coolest

thing

that

has

ever

happened

to

me!"

After

Tango

posted

her

experience

online,

many

people

were

amazed

at

how

lovely

and

friendly

the

crows

were.

She

reminds

people

that

if

they

want

to

make

friends

with

birds,

they

should

first

study

their

diet

and

behavior.19.Why

don't

many

people

like

crows？

______A.Because

they

don't

like

the

colour

black.

B.Because

they

always

eat

the

rubbish

food.

C.Because

they

think

they

might

bring

bad

luck.

D.Because

they

couldn't

communicate

with

people.20.Whatfirst-handknowledgeofcrowsdoesTangohave？______A.Crowsarestupid. B.Crowsaresmart.

C.Crowsarenervous. D.Crowsarecareful.21.What'sthecoolestpresentdidcrowbringtoTango？______A.Aeurocoin. B.Twistyties. C.Somepeanuts. D.Somefruits.22.Whichisincorrectorderaccordingtothetext？______

a.Tangopostedherexperienceonlineandsharedwithothers.

b.TangomovedintohernewhomeinVirginia.

c.Tangobeganfeedingthecrowsthatlivednearherhouse.

d.ThecrowsbegantobringTangosmallgifts.A.d，b，c，a B.b，c，a，d C.b，c，d，a D.a，b，c，dCHongKongisagreatcityinwhichtospendatermabroad.Ienjoyedmytimethere，andIamveryhappywithmydecisiontostudyinHongKongwhereIattendedTheUniversityofHongKong（HKU），metnewpeople，andexperiencedAsianculture.

Myprofessorswerekind.Manyofthemwerewell-respectedresearchers.HKU'steachersareveryinternational.Ifounditinterestingtolearnfromexpertswhohaddonedifferentworkaroundtheworld，includingthecountriesofGreatBritain，Singapore，andMainlandChina.

SixmonthsinHongKongwascheaperorasexpensiveassixmonthsinBoston，thoughstudyabroadwillalwaysbeaninvestment（投资）becauseoftravelexpenses.Comparing（比较）withotherAsiancities，HongKongisquiteexpensive.ComparingwiththeUnitedStates，Ifoundthecostoflivingasanexchangestudentisacceptable.

Foodandgrocerieswereaffordable.Mostdays，Iateonandaroundcampus.ThesamemealcostslessinHongKongthantheUnitedStates.Snacksanddrinksarecheapandconvenient.Overall，thereisagreatkindsoffoodyoucanchooseinHongKong.

HongKonghasafantasticpublictransportsystem.IusedtheMTReveryday.SometimesIwouldridetheCityBus，PublicLightBus（smallbus），aferry（tooutlyingislands），orataxi.23.HowlongdoesthewriterstayintheHKU？______A.Aweek. B.Amonth. C.Ayear. D.Halfayear.24.HowdoesthewriterthinkaboutstudyingwiththeteachersinHKU？______A.It'stiring. B.It'sinteresting.

C.It'sbusy. D.It'sexciting.25.Whichisincorrectorderaccordingtothetext？______

a.Iateonandaroundcampus.

b.Snacksanddrinksareconvenient.

c.IusedtheMTReveryday.

d.Thepriceoffoodandfruitsareacceptable.A.a，b，c，d B.d，a，b，c C.b，a，c，d D.d，b，a，c26.What'sthebesttitleofthistext？______A.StudyAbroadinHongKong. B.StudyAbroadinBritain.

C.StudyAbroadinAmerica. D.StudyAbroadinSingapore.DMr.Worthlikedspendingtimewithhisgrandson，Shawn.Heenjoyedteachinghimsomeofthethingshemaynotbetaughtinschool.

Oneday，theboycameintohishouseandtoldhimaboutascienceclassproject.Eachstudentwasgoingtogrowapot（罐）ofbeanplants.Theyeachwantedtogrowthestrongestandbestbeanplants.

Shawnshowedhimthebeanseedsandexplainedthathisteacherhadtaughtthemhowtomaketheseedgrow.First，theyputtheseedsonawetpapertowel.Then，theyputthemnearawarmwindow.Whentheseedssprout（发芽），theycantransplant（移植）themintoapot.

Afterlisteningtohisgrandson，Mr.Worthsaid，"Youdojustasyou'velearned，butIwanttoshowyouonethingaboutgrowingplants."

"WhenIwasaboy，myfathershowedmehowtogrowstrongplants，"hecontinued."Whentheplantisstartingout，youputsomeweightonit."Shawnlookedathisgrandfatherindisbelief（怀疑）.

"Doesn'ttheweightstopthebeanfromgrowing？"heasked.

"No，ofcoursenot.Thisway，youwillforce（迫使）thebeanplanttobestrongandhealthy.Ifyougiveiteverythingitwants，itwillgrowtoofastanditwillbeweak.Itwillfalloverwhenthefirstbigwindblows."

Shawnlistenedcarefully.Hewaseagertogrowthebeaninthewayhisgrandfatherdescribed.Hewouldtellhisfriendswhathehadlearnedthatday.27.WhatdidtheteachertellthestudentstodoFIRSTtomakethebeanseedssprout？______A.Putthemonawetpapertowel. B.Plantthemdirectlyinsoil.

C.Coverthemwithaheavybook. D.Soaktheminhotwater.28.AccordingtoMr.Worth，abeanplantthat"growstoofast"willprobably______.A.producemorebeans

B.producelessbeans

C.turnyellowanddieimmediately

D.becomeweakandfalloverinthewind29.HowdoesShawnfeelwhenheheardthattheplantneedstobeputsomeweightonit？______A.Unbelievable. B.Disagreeable. C.Grateful. D.Understandable.30.Whatdoesthestorywanttotellus？______A.Beanplantsneedawarmwindowtogrowwell.

B.Grandparentsalwaysknowmorethanteachers.

C.Smallchallengescanmakeplants—andpeople—stronger.

D.Shawnwantstowintheschoolsciencefair.四、任务型阅读-简答：本大题共1小题，共10分。31.

The

steam

engineThomas

Newcomen

and

the

invention

of

the

first

steam

engine

This

is

the

Newcomen's

engine，which

was

invented

in

1712

by

Thomas

Newcomen.It

was

the

very

first

steam

engine.Newcomen

invented

it

to

help

people

mine

for

metals

and

coal

at

greater

depths.

Watt's

improvement

of

Newcomen's

design

People

often

consider

James

Watt

the

inventor

of

the

steam

engine.Few

people

know

that

he

simply

improved

on

Thomas

Newcomen's

original

design.Watt's

improvement

to

Newcomen's

design

increased

the

power

of

the

engine.This

new

steam

engine

could

be

used

in

many

more

ways.It

could

power

trains

and

ships，and

it

could

also

be

used

in

factories.

The

steam

engine

and

the

Industrial

Revolution

Watt

added

wheels

and

cogs

to

his

steam

engine，and

this

made

it

useful

in

trains

and

steamboats.His

invention

played

a

huge

role

in

the

Industrial

Revolution.(1)What

did

the

Newcomen's

engine

help

people

do

when

it

was

designed？

______(2)Who

improved

Newcomen's

steam

engine

and

made

it

full

of

power？

______(3)What

is

the

symbol

of

the

Industrial

Revolution？

______(4)What

other

inventions

do

you

know？Try

to

tell

us.（At

least

30

words.）

______五、阅读填空：本大题共1小题，共10分。32.DigitalliteracyWhatisdigitalliteracy？Hereareafewimportantpartsofdigitalliteracy.

Findingandusingdigitalcontent

Itiseasiertofindinformationonlinethaninprintbooks.However，weneedtobecarefulwhenwelookthings(1)ontheinternet.Firstly，thereis(2)lotofinformationonline，sowe(3)（can）trusteverythingweread.Secondly，thereissomuchcontentontheweb，andthismakesitdifficulttoevaluateinformation，anditiseasy(4)（form）biasedopinions.

Creatingdigitalcontent

Today，wealsocreatenewcontentonline.Writingpostsandcommentsisanimportantwaytocommunicateonline.Thethingswepublishontheinternetcontainmorethanjusttext.Wecanalsouseemojis，picturesandvideostoexpress(5)（we）.Thismakesouronlinemessagesmore(6)（interest）toread.

Communicatingandsharingcontent

Whenwewriteemails，postsandcomments，wecancommunicatewithalargenumberofpeople.Theinternetisavery(7)（power）tool，butweneedtousethistoolinagoodway.Weshouldalways(8)（be）kindtoothersonline，especiallypeoplewedonotknow.(9)wecommunicateintherightway，wecanhaveagoodeffecton(10)（people）lives.Ontheotherhand，wecanhurtotherswithbadcommentsonline.(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共20分。33.同学们好，《中学生英语报》正在开展英国学生到中国交流访问活动。请同学们以寄宿家庭的身份给要到访的同学写一封信。词数：80左右。

要点如下：

（1）活动的安排；

（2）需要注意事项；

（3）表达内心感受。

______

答案和解析1~4.【答案】C、A、B、E【解析】（1）细节推理题。根据前句"Aftergettingsomeinformationaboutdinosaursfromtheencyclopedia，Marygotinterestedintheseanimals."（在从百科全书上得到一些关于恐龙的信息后，玛丽对这些动物产生了兴趣。）可知，此处补充了玛丽获取信息的途径，选项C"她上网搜索，发现了更多关于恐龙的信息。"符合语境。故选C。

（2）细节推理题。根据前句"TheylivedonEarthforabout165millionyears."（它们在地球上生活了大约1.65亿年。）可知，后续补充恐龙消失的时间，选项A"然后，在6500万年前，它们全部消失了。"符合语境。故选A。

（3）细节推理题。根据后句"Yes，mostdinosaurshatchedfromeggs."（是的，大多数恐龙是从蛋里孵出来的。）可知，空白处应是一个关于恐龙繁殖方式的疑问句，选项B"它们会生宝宝吗？"符合语境。故选B。

（4）细节推理题。根据前句"Westillhavenoideawhatcolorstheywere，whatsoundstheymade，orexactlyhowtheyacted."（我们仍然不知道它们是什么颜色，发出什么声音，或者它们是如何行动的。）可知，恐龙仍有许多未解之谜，选项E"这就是为什么恐龙感觉像是地球上最大的谜团。"故选E。

短文讲了玛丽从百科全书中了解恐龙后产生了兴趣，并记录了笔记。她描述了恐龙的体型大小差异、产卵繁殖方式以及科学家通过化石研究其形态的成果。尽管已发现800多种恐龙，但它们的颜色、声音和行为仍充满未解之谜，这使得恐龙成为地球上最神秘的生物之一。

做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。5~14.【答案】B、D、C、B、B、A、D、B、C、A【解析】略

1.

考查动词。句意：1977年，我离开了我的村庄，乘坐拥挤的绿色火车去参加大学考试。kept保持；left离开；stayed保持；remained留下。根据rode

a

crowded

green

train

to

take

the

college

exam（乘坐拥挤的绿色火车去参加大学考试）可知，此处应该表示作者离开了村庄。故选B。

2.

考查形容词。句意：化学考试时，我写错了一个小数字，丢了两分。fast快的；slow慢的；right对的；wrong错的。根据losttwopoints（丢了两分）可知，此处应该表示作者写错了一个小数字。故选D。

3.

考查形容词。句意：我感到很难过，但我的父亲说："下次，写下每一个标记，就好像有人的生命决定于此。"excited兴奋的；ugly丑的；sad悲伤的；nervous紧张的。根据上文Thosetwopointskeptmeoutofmydreamschool.（这两分让我无法进入梦想中的学校。）可知，此处应该表示作者很伤心。故选C。

4.

考查动词短语。句意：我感到很难过，但我的父亲说："下次，写下每一个标记，就好像有人的生命决定于此。"comeson加油；decideson决定；goeson继续；moveson移动。根据writeeverymark（写下每一个标记）可知，此处应该表示写下每一个标记，就好像有人的生命决定于此。故选B。

5.

考查副词的比较级。句意：我比以往更加努力地学习。hard努力；harder更努力；hardest最努力；thehardest最努力。根据than（比）可知，此处用副词的比较级。故选B。

6.

考查名词。句意：几年后，一场大地震后，我趁地面还在晃动的时候检查开裂的桥梁。earthquake地震；flood洪水；fire火灾；hurricane飓风。根据thegroundwasstillshaking（地面还在晃动）可知，此处应该表示一场大地震后。故选A。

7.

考查动词。句意：一个很小的裂缝——只有0.3毫米——没人能看到，但我记得我失去的两分。forgot忘记；took带走；found发现；remembered记得。根据上文DuringthechemistrytestIwroteonesmallnumberwrongandlosttwopoints.（化学考试时，我写错了一个小数字，丢了两分。）可知，此处应该表示作者记得他失去的两分。故选D。

8.

考查名词。句意：我们修好了桥，拯救了许多生命。theroad路；thebridge桥；thebuilding建筑物；thehouse房子。根据上文Yearslater，afterabigearthquake，Icheckedcrackedbridgeswhilethegroundwasstillshaking.（几年后，一场大地震后，我趁地面还在晃动的时候检查开裂的桥梁。）可知，此处应该表示修好了桥。故选B。

9.

考查名词。句意：现在，我去学校给学生看我的旧试卷，上面有一个小小的错误。communities社区；villages村子；schools学校；governments政府。根据show

students

my

old

exam

paper

with

the

tiny

mistake（给学生们看我的旧试卷，上面有一个小小的错误）可知，此处应该表示作者去了学校。故选C。

10.

考查形容词。句意：一个点或一条线可以建造一座坚固到足以持续一百年的桥梁。strong坚固的；comfortable舒服的；wide宽的；high高的。根据tolastahundredyears（持续一百年）可知，此处应该表示一个点或一条线可以建造一座坚固到足以持续一百年的桥梁。故选A。15~18.【答案】D、D、A、A【解析】略

1.

细节理解题。根据A中的Experienced

IT

engineer

will

sort

out

problems

with

home

computers

（PCs

and

Macs）.

（有经验的IT工程师可以解决家用电脑（PC和Mac）的问题。）以及09651

325693，可知，如果您的电脑需要维修，您应该拨打09651

325693。故选D。

2.

细节理解题。根据E中的Beginners

classes：Monday/Wednesday

11-12pm（初学者课程：周一/周三晚上11点至12点）可知，艾丽斯想参加健身课程的初级班，周一/周三晚上

11

-

12

点这个时间对她来说合适。故选D。

3.

细节理解题。根据G中的PRESCO

supermarkets板块下的Part-time

supermarket

work（兼职超市工作）可知，如果您想在超市工作，您会选择查看PRESCO超市的信息。故选A。

4.

推理判断题。根据图片Noticeboard（布告栏），上面有各种生活服务、招聘和寻物信息，可知，这类信息最常见于学校或社区的公告板上。故选A。19~22.【答案】C、B、A、C【解析】略

1.

细节理解题。根据第一段"Many

people

don't

like

crows，because

they

think

these

black

birds

will

bring

them

bad

luck."（许多人不喜欢乌鸦，因为他们认为这些黑色的鸟会给他们带来厄运。）可知，人们不喜欢乌鸦是因为认为它们会带来厄运。故选C。

2.

细节理解题。根据第二段"Tangohasfirst-handknowledgeofhowclevercrowscanbe."（Tango对乌鸦的聪明程度有第一手的了解。）和第三段"Inexchangefortheyummyfoodsheleftforthem，thecrowsbegantobringhersmallgifts."（为了交换她留给它们的美味食物，乌鸦们开始给她带来小礼物。）可知，Tango认为乌鸦很聪明。故选B。

3.

细节理解题。根据第四段"Sofar，Tango'sfavoritegifthasbeenaeuro（欧元）coin.'Idon'tknowwheretheyfoundtheeuroinVirginia，butthisisprobablythecoolestpresentthey'veeverleft，'"（到目前为止，Tango最喜欢的礼物是一枚欧元硬币。"我不知道他们在弗吉尼亚哪里找到的欧元，但这可能是他们留下的最酷的礼物，"）可知，乌鸦送的最酷的礼物是欧元硬币。故选A。

4.

细节理解题。根据第二段"Threeyearsago，shemovedintohernewhomeinVirginia，U.S.A.Soonafter，shebeganfeedingthecrowsthatlivednearherhouse."（三年前，她搬进了美国弗吉尼亚州的新家。不久后，她开始喂住在她家附近的乌鸦。）和第三段"Overtime，thecrowsstartedtotrusther.Inexchangefortheyummyfoodsheleftforthem，thecrowsbegantobringhersmallgifts."（随着时间的推移，乌鸦开始信任她。为了交换她留给它们的美味食物，乌鸦们开始给她带来小礼物。）以及最后一段"AfterTangopostedherexperienceonline，manypeoplewereamazedathowlovelyandfriendlythecrowswere."（Tango将她的经历发布到网上后，许多人都惊讶于乌鸦是多么可爱和友好。）可知，正确顺序为：Tango搬到弗吉尼亚的新家→Tango开始喂养附近的乌鸦→乌鸦开始送礼物→Tango将经历发到网上，所以正确顺序为b，c，d，a。故选C。23~26.【答案】D、B、B、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段SixmonthsinHongKongwascheaperorasexpensiveassixmonthsinBoston（在香港的六个月要比在波士顿的六个月便宜）"可知，作者在香港大学待了半年，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Ifounditinterestingtolearnfromexpertswhohaddonedifferentworkaroundtheworld（我发现向那些在世界各地做过不同工作的专家学习是很有趣的）可知，作者认为和香港大学的老师一起学习是有趣的，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Foodandgrocerieswereaffordable（食物和食品杂货是负担得起的）可知，d项排在第一；根据第四段Mostdays，Iateonandaroundcampus（大多数时候，我在校园里吃饭）可知，a项排在第二；根据第四段Snacksanddrinksarecheapandconvenient（零食和饮料既便宜又方便）可知，b项排在第三；根据第五段lusedtheMTReveryday（我每天使用MTR）可知，c项排在第四，因此正确顺序是d，a，b，c，故选B。

（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段HongKongisagreatcityinwhichtospendatermabroad.Ienjoyedmytimethere，andIamveryhappywithmydecisiontostudyinHongKongwhereIattendedTheUniversityofHongKong（HKU），metnewpeople，andexperiencedAsianculture.（香港是一个很好的出国旅游城市。我很享受在那里的时光，我很高兴我决定去香港学习，在那里我就读于香港大学，结识了新朋友，体验了亚洲文化。）结合全文内容，主要讲述了作者在香港留学期间的积极体验。可知，本文的标题应为A项，在香港留学。故选A。

这篇短文主要讲述了作者在香港留学期间的积极体验。

通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。27~30.【答案】A、D、A、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段Shawnshowedhimthebeanseedsandexplainedthathisteacherhadtaughtthemhowtomaketheseedgrow.First，theyputtheseedsonawetpapertowel.（肖恩拿出豆种，告诉爷爷老师教给他们的催芽方法：首先，把种子放在湿纸巾上。）可知，老师教的步骤里，第一步是把种子放在湿纸巾上。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第七段Ifyougiveiteverythingitwants，itwillgrowtoofastanditwillbeweak.Itwillfalloverwhenthefirstbigwindblows.（如果你把它需要的一切都无条件满足，它就会生长过快，变得孱弱不堪，刮第一场大风的时候就会被吹倒。）可知，沃思先生认为环境过于舒适会让植株长得快但虚弱，刮大风时就会被吹倒。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据第五段Shawnlookedathisgrandfatherindisbelief（怀疑）.（肖恩一脸难以置信地看着爷爷。）可知，当肖恩听说植物需要增加重量时，他感到难以置信。故选A。

（4）主旨大意题。根据第七段No，ofcoursenot.Thisway，youwillforce（迫使）thebeanplanttobestrongandhealthy.Ifyougiveiteverythingitwants，itwillgrowtoofastanditwillbeweak.Itwillfalloverwhenthefirstbigwindblows.（当然不会。这样做，能迫使豆苗长得健壮、生命力旺盛。如果你把它需要的一切都无条件满足，它就会生长过快，变得孱弱不堪，刮第一场大风的时候就会被吹倒。）可知，这个故事是想告诉我们：小小的挑战可以让植物和人类变得更强大。故选C。

本文讲述了沃思先生教导孙子肖恩种植豆苗的故事。

答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。31.【答案】【小题1】It

helped

people

mine

for

metals

and

coal

at

greater

depths.【小题2】James

Watt.【小题3】Watt's

improved

steam

engine.【小题4】I

know

many

great

inventions，such

as

the

light

bulb

invented

by

Thomas

Edison，which

brings

light

to

people's

lives

at

night.

The

telephone

invented

by

Alexander

Graham

Bell

allows

people

to

communicate

with

each

other

over

long

distances

easily.

Also，the

airplane

invented

by

the

Wright

brothers

makes

long-distance

travel

fast

and

convenient，connecting

the

whole

world

closely.【解析】1.

细节理解题。根据第一段

"Newcomen

invented

it

to

help

people

mine

for

metals

and

coal

at

greater

depths."（纽科门发明它是为了帮助人们在更深的地方开采金属和煤炭。）可知，纽科门蒸汽机设计出来是为了帮助人们在更深的地方开采金属和煤炭。故填It

helped

people

mine

for

metals

and

coal

at

greater

depths.

2.

细节理解题。根据第二段

"Watt's

improvement

to

Newcomen's

design

increased

the

power

of

the

engine."（瓦特对纽科门设计的改进提升了蒸汽机的功率。）可知，詹姆斯・瓦特改进了纽科门的蒸汽机并提升了其功率。故填James

Watt.

3.

细节理解题。根据第三段

"His

invention

played

a

huge

role

in

the

Industrial

Revolution."（他的发明在工业革命中发挥了巨大作用。）结合前文可知，瓦特改进后的蒸汽机是工业革命的象征。故填Watt's

improved

steam

engine.

4.

主观表达题。我知道许多伟大的发明，比如托马斯・爱迪生发明的电灯，它为人们的夜晚生活带来了光明；亚历山大・格雷厄姆・贝尔发明的电话，让人们能轻松地进行远距离交流；还有莱特兄弟发明的飞机，让长途旅行变得快捷又便利，将整个世界紧密地连接在了一起。故填I

know

many

great

inventions，such

as

the

light

bulb

invented

by

Thomas

Edison，which

brings

light

to

people's

lives

at

night.

The

telephone

invented

by

Alexander

Graham

Bell

allows

people

to

communicate

with

each

other

over

long

distances

easily.

Also，the

airplane

invented

by

the

Wright

brothers

makes

long-distance

travel

fast

and

convenient，connecting

the

whole

world

closely.32.【答案】【小题1】up【小题2】a【小题3】can't【小题4】toform【小题5】ourselves【小题6】interesting【小题7】powerful【小题8】be【小题9】If【小题10】people's【解析】（1）考查固定短语。句意：然而，当我们在网上查阅东西时，我们需要小心。根据ontheinternet"在网上"可知，是查阅东西，lookup"查阅"，固定短语。故填up。

（2）考查冠词。句意：首先，网上有很多信息，所以我们不能相信我们读到的一切。alotof"很多"，固定