2024人教版八年级英语下册Unit 1 课时4 Section B 1a-1e（大单元分层作业）

Unit1TimetoRelax!

课时4SectionB(la-le)分层作业

?作业导航

核心知识速记|01基础达标02能力提升|03拓展培优|04思维进阶

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:核心知识速记

:短语

1

passthetime消磨时间calmdown平静下来reducestress减压keepfit保持健康

1

gagreatwaytodospendlimeon(doing)makemobilephoneasenseof

♦

1sth.做某事的好方法sth.花时间做某事叩ps制作手机应用achievement成就感

1

prefertodosth.更喜欢/宁dreamofdoingsth.梦

gstartoutas起初是…pulup张贴，挂起

愿做某事想做某事

£句型

i

I.Readingorlisteningtomusiccanhelpustocalmdownafierabusyday.

阅读或听音乐可以帮助我们在忙碌一天后平静下来。

2.Lucadevelopedhislatestapp1。help〃eo〃/ear。14ndtheworldfinds〃〃/yi)a门nersforlea门lin仪/〃”“〃?.

卢卡开发他最新的应用程序是为了帮助全世界的人们找到学习意大利语的学习伙伴。

g

3.Physicalhobbies,suchasplayingtennisordoingyoga,canhelpustokeepfii.

体育类爱好，例如打网球或做瑜伽，可以帮助我们保持健康。

i

4.Instead,thisItalianteenaxerfindsiifuniomakemobilephoneaDPS.

E相反，这个意大利少年发现制作手机应用很有趣。

i.....

5.1thinkit'sinterestingtoseethebeautifulbuildingsandlandscapesinforeigncountries.

我认为看看国外美丽的建筑和风景很有趣。

I6.1believeI'mhelpingpeoplearoundtheworldtolearnItalian!

t我相信我正在帮助全世界的人们学习意大利语！

；7.1knowsomepeoplethinkpostcardsareratherold-fashioned、butIthinkIhey'reagoodwavsleamabout

；differentplaces.

我知道有些人认为明信片相当过时，但我认为它们是了解不同地方的好方法。

*

I

t8.Herdadsentittoherwhenshewasfive,andshelikeditsothatsheDIM〃〃〃onherbedroomwa"!

C她五岁时父亲寄给她的，她非常喜欢它，以至于把它贴在了卧室的墙上！

9.Somepeopleprefernottomakethings.Theyprefertocoliecithem!

有些人宁愿不做东西。他们更喜欢收集它们！

01基础达标

k____

一、单词默写。

1.________/ri'dju：s/v.减少8._______—/sens/n.感觉；感官

9.______/_o'tji：vmant/n.成就

2./stres/n.精神压力；紧张io.__________/koIn/n.硬币

3./'jaugo/n.瑜伽]]._________/staMiip/n.邮票

4./'obdsikt/n.物品；宾语12.______一/'ti:ni:dj/adj.青少年的

5./itieli'cen/adj.意大利的；意大利人的；a__________/'psustka:d/n.明信片

意大利语的n.意大利人：意大利语14._________/'ra：do(r)/adv.相当；更准确地说

6./'prsugrjema(r)/n.程序设计员]5.______一/,9UId'fiefnd/adj.过时的：守旧的

7./a'lau/v.使……成为可能；允许16.______―/'fDnan/adj.外国的；国外

二、词组默写。

I.消磨时间____________________2.花时间做某事____________________

3.平静下来____________________4.保持健康____________________

5.减压____________________6.制作手机应用____________________

7.做某事的好方法____________________8.起初是...____________________

9.找到学习伙伴____________________10.同时____________________

11.成就感____________________12.帮助某人做某事____________________

13.更喜欢/宁愿做某事14.张贴，挂起____________________

15.梦想做某事_________________

三、根据要求完成句子。

1.我爸爸发现每天散步很有帮助，

Myfatherhelpfulawalkeveryday.

2.她如此喜欢这本书，以至于读了五遍。

Shelikedthebookshereaditfivetimes.

3.很多学生听音乐是为了在课后放松。

Manystudentslistentomusicafterclass.

4.我哥哥宁愿打篮球也不愿玩电脑游戏。

Mybrotherplaybasketballplaycomputergames.

5.我的英语老师经常帮助我们练习口语。

MyEnglishteacheroften____________________________________________________speaking.

6.我认为学一门外语很重要。

Iimportantaforeignlanguage.

7.莉莉的妈妈梦想着有一天去巴黎旅行。

Lily'smothertoParisoneday.

8.这个游戏可以帮助你学习新单词。

Thisgamecanhelpyounewwords.

9.他跑得太快了，我追不上他。

HeranIcouldn4tcatchupwithhim.

10.我的爱好是收集邮票。它能让我认识来自不同国家的朋友。

Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.Itletsmefromdifferentcountries.

能力提升

四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。

1.Doingyogaregularlycanhelpyourstresslevels,(reduce)

2.Shedreamsofbecomingasuccessfulinatech-company.(program)

3.Collectingfromdifferentcountriesisoneofhishobbies,(coin)

4.Theteacherdidn'tus:ousemobilephonesinclass,(allow)

5.Hisoneofthewaswinningthenationalsciencecompetition,(achievement)

6.Manyteenagersenjoysendingtotheirfriendswhentraveling,(postcard)

7.Thatstyleofclothingisconsideredquitenowadays.(old-fashioned)

8.Learningalanguagecanopenupmanyopportunities,(foreign)

9.Hehasastrongofresponsibilitytowardhisfamily.(sense)

10.HermotherisanandspeaksfluentItalian.(Italy)

五、在空格中填上适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式，使文章内容完整正确。

Musicisapopularfree-timeactivityformanystudents.ItisagreatwayI(pass)thetime

and2(reduce)stress.MyfriendLucyloves3(listen)tomusic.Shefinds4

relaxing5(do)herhomeworkwithsoftmusic.Shestartedthishabittwoyearsago.Now.shecan't

imaginestudying6it."Musichelpsme7(calm)downandfocus,shesays.Her

biggest8(achieve)lasttermwasgettingtopgrades,andshebelievesmusic9(play)a

part.Shedrcamsof1()(become)apianoplayeroneday.

拓展培优

六、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Nowadays,peoplehavemanychoicesforfree-timeactivities.Someliketowatchvideosontheirphones.1.

Theythinkit'sagoodwaytorelaxafterworkorstudy.However,otherpeople(hinktoomuchscreentimeisnot

goodforhealthorfamilytime.2.Theygohiking,playballgames,orjusttakeawalkinthepark.3.It

helpsthemstayfitandenjoyfreshair.So,howdopeoplechoose?4.Theydodifferentthingsondifferent

days.Forexample,theymightwatchamovieonFridaynightandgocyclingonSaturdaymorning.5.The

mostimportantthingisiohaveabalancedlife.

3/10

A.Theseactivitiesmakethemfeelhappyandenergetic.

B.Thisisapopularhobbyforbothyoungandoldpeople.

C.Theyprefertodooutdooractivities.

D.Theycanlearnalotfromthesevideos.

E.Manypeopletrytohaveamixofboth.

F.Spendingtimewithfamilyisalsoimportant.

G.Sometimestheychatwithfriendsonlineinstead.

七、阅读理解。

Foryears,manypeople'sleisuretimewasfilledwithpassiveconsumption:watchingTV,browsingsocialmedia,or

listeningtomusic.Whilerelaxing,theseactivitiesoftenleavepeoplefeelingemptyafterward.Recently,ashifthas

beennoticeable.Moreindividualsareturningtowardsactive,creativehobbies.Theyarecookingelaboratemeals,

gardening,painting,orlearningtoplayinstruments.Psychologistssuggestthistrendisaresponsetothedigital

overload;creatingsomethingongibleprovidesasenseofcontrolandaccomplishmentthatpassiveconsumption

lacks.It'snotjustaboutkillingtime,butaboutmakingmeaningandleavingapersonalmarkon(heworld.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.WatchingTVisthebestwaytorelax.

B.Peoplearechangingfrompassiveentertainmenttoactivecreationinfreetime.

C.Socialmediaisharmfultoeveryone.

D.Gardeningisthemostpopularnewhobby.

2.Accordingtopsychologists,whyarepeopleturningtocreativehobbies?

A.Becausecreativehobbiesarecheaper.

B.Becausetheywanttoavoidusingtheinternet.

C.Becausethesehobbiesofferasenseofcontrolandachicvcmcni.

D.Becauseschoolsrequirestudentstolearnaninstrument.

3.Whatdocstheword“tangible“inthepassagemostlikelymean?

A.Digitalandonline.B.Abletobetouchedorfelt;real.

C.Difficultandchallenging.D.Popularandtrendy.

4.Whatisthewriter,sattitudetowardsthetrendmentioned?

A.Doubtfulandcritical.B.Supportiveandunderstanding.

C.Uninterestedandneutral.D.Humorousandmocking.

八、完形填空。

Howwespendourweekendsgreatlyafleetsourenergyfortheweekahead.The“weekendrecharge^^philosophyis

about1.___activitiesthatgenuinelyrestoreus,ratherthanjustfillingtime.Forsome,rechargingmeanssocial2.

___—havingdinnerswithfriendsorjoiningasportsteam.Forothers,likeintrovertedwriterBen,itmeans

solitudeand3.___—alongwalkaloneorhoursspentwithanovel.

Benusedtofeelguiltyfbrnotbeing“sociallyproductive“onweekends.Nowheunderstands(hatforhim,quietis

notempty;itis4.___.Thissclf-awarcnessisthefirststeptowardabalancedweekend.Expertssuggest5.

___yourweekend:onepartforsocialconnection,oneforpersonalhobbies,andoneforrest.The6____isnotto

4/10

followastrictrule,huttolistentoyourownneeds.Doesanactivityleaveyoufeeling7.___ordrained?Your

answerisyourbestguide.Atrulyrechargingweekendactslikearesetbutton.Itdoesn'trequirespendingmoneyor

travelingfar.Itrequires8.___choiceandthecouragetosometimesdot4nothing^^thatlooksproductivetoothers.In

theend,abalancedweekendisonethatequipsyouwithpeace,energy,anda9.___ofcontrolasyoustepintothe

newweek,remindingyou(hatlifeexistsnotjustfordoing,butfor10.___aswell.

1.()A.countingB.choosingC.avoidingD.finishing

2.()A.mediaB.pressureC.interactionD.silence

3.()A.noiseR.crowdsC.stillnessD.debate

4.()A.wastefulB.productiveC.lonelyD.simple

5.()A.wastingB.balancingC.forgettingD.extending

6.()A.goalB.mistakeC.hobbyD.price

7.()A.refreshedB.boredC.nervousD.famous

8.()A.randomB.quickC.informedD.old

9.()A.lossB.senseC.lackD.photograph

10.()A.beingB.buyingC.workingD.winning

04思维迸阶

九、阅读下面短文,根据其内容完成表格，每空不超过三个词。

TheRiseof^DigitalMinimalism^inFreeTime

Digitalminimalismisagrowingtrendwherepeopleintentionallyreducetheironlineactivitiestofocusonmore

meaningfulofflinepursuits.Arcccnlsurveyamong500teenagersshowedthat68%felt“oftendraincd,,bysocial

media.Inresponse,manyareadoptingruleslike”no-phoneSaturdays^^ordeletingtime-wastingapps.

Thekeyisnottoabandontechnology,buttouseitwithpurpose.Followersofthistrendoftenreplacescrollingtime

withactivitiesthatrequiredeepengagement:readingphysicalbooks,practicingamusicalinstrument,orjoining

localsportsclubs.Theyreporthigherlevelsofsatisfactionandconcentration.Expertscallthis^intentionalleisure,'

—choosingactivitiesthatalignwithpersonalvaluesratherthanpassivelyconsumingwhateverappearsonascreen.

It'saboutbeingthemasterofyoura:tention,notlettingalgorithms(算法)controlit.

DigitalMinimalism:APurposefulUseofFreeTime

Aspect(方面)MainIdea/Finding

1.ReasonforitsriseManyiccnagcisled___________bysocialmedia.

2.CommonpracticesHaving”no-phone"daysor__________time-wastingapps.

3.ReplacementactivitiesOfflineactivitiesneeding_________,likereadingorsports.

4.ResultreportedHigherlevelsof__________.andconcentration.

5.Coreprinciple(原则)__________—choosingleisurethatmatchesone'svalues.

参考答案与试题解析

Unit1TimetoRelax!

5/10

课时4SectionB(la-le)分层作业

01基础达标

1.reduce2.stress3.yoga4.object5.Italian6.programmer7.allow8.sense9.

achievementIO.coin11.stamp12.teenage13.postcard14.rather15.old-fashioned6.foreign

二、I.passthetime2.spendtimeon(doing)sth.3.calmdov/n4.keepfit5.reducestress6.make

mobilephoneapps7.agreatwaytodosth.8.startoutas9.findstudypartnersIO.atthesametime

11,asenseofachievement12,helpsb.(to)dosth.13.prefertodosth.14.putup15,dreamofdoing

sth.

三、I.findsit;totake2.somuchthat3.torelaxthemselves4.prefersto;ratherthan5.helpsus(to)

practice(helpsb.(to)dosth.)6.thinkit;tolearn7.dreamsoftraveling8.learn/lolearn(help后接动词原

形或不定式均可)9.sofastthat10.makefriends

02

四、1.(to)reduce2.programmer3.coins4.allow5.achievements6.postcards7.old-fashioned8.

foreign9.sense10.Italian

五、在空格中填上适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式，使文章内容完整正确。

Musicisapopularfrcc-timcactivityformanystudents.Itisagreatway1(pass)thetime

and2(reduce)stress.MyfriendLucyloves3(listen)tomusic.Shefinds4

relaxing5(do)herhomeworkwithsoftmusic.Shestartedthishabittwoyearsago.Now.shecan't

imaginestudying6it.“Musichelpsme7(calm)downandfbcus,“shesays.Her

biggest8(achieve)lasttermwasgettingtopgrades,andshebelievesmusic9(play)a

pan.Shedreamsof10(become)apianoplayeroneday.

【答案及解析】

1.topass(awaytodosth.)10.becoming(dreamofdoingsth.)

2.(to)reduce(and连接并列不定式)

3.listening(lovedoingsth.)

4.i1(形式宾语)

5.todo(findit+adj.+todosth.)

6.without(介词，表示“没有”)

7.(to)calm(helpsb.(to)dosth.)

8.achievement(名词)

9.played(过去时，描述过去事实)

6/10

拓展培优

六、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Nowadays,peoplehavemanychoicesforfree-timeactivities.Someliketowatchvideosontheirphones.

1.Theythinkit'sagoodway(orelaxafterworkorstudy.However,otherpeoplethinktoomuchscreen

timeisnotgoodforhealthorfamilytime.2.Theygohiking,playballgames,orjusttakeawalkinthe

park.3.Ithelpsthemstayfitandenjoyfreshair.So,howdopeoplechoose?4.Theydodifferent

thingsondifferentdays.Forexample,theymightwatchamovieonFridaynightandgocyclingonSaturday

morning.5.Themostimportantthingistohaveabalancedlife.

A.Theseactivitiesmakethemfeelhappyandenergetic.

B.Thisisapopularhobbyfbrbothyoungandoldpeople.

C.Theyprefertodooutdooractivities.

D.Theycanlearnalotfromthesevideos.

E.Manypeopletrytohaveamixofboth.

F.Spendingtimewithfamilyisalsoimportant.

G.Sometimestheychatwithfriendsonlineinstead.

【答案】：I.B2.C3.A4.E5.F

【解析】

l.B：前句指出“有些人喜欢在手机上看视频”，选项B“这对年轻人和老年人来说都是一个受欢迎的爱好”进

一步说明该现象的普遍性，符合上下文。

2.C：前文提到“太多屏幕时间对健康或家庭时间不好”，选项C“他们更喜欢户外活动”自然引出反对屏幕时

间的人群的选择，与后文”徒步、打球”等户外活动衔接。

3.A：在列举户外活动后，选项A“这些活动让他们感到快乐和充满活力”概括了户外活动的好处，与后文“保

持健康、享受新鲜空气”形成递进。

4.E：前句提问“人们如何选择？”,选项E“许多人尝试两者兼顾”直接回答，并引出下文“在不同H子做不同

事情”的例子。

5.F：在举例之后，选项F”与家人共度时光也很重要“补充了平衡生活的另一个方面，与结尾“最重要的是拥

有平衡的生活''相呼应。

七、阅读理解。

Foryears,manypeople'sleisuretimewasfilledwithpassiveconsumption:watchingTV,browsingsocial

media,orlisteningtomusic.Whilerelaxing,theseactivitiesoftenleavepeoplefeelingemptyafterward.Recently,a

shifthasbeennoticeable.Moreindividualsareturningtowardsactive,creativehobbies.Theyarecookingelaborate

meals,gardening,painting,orlearningtoplayinstruments.Psychologistssuggestthistrendisaresponsetothe

7/10

digitaloverload;creatingsomethingtangibleprovidesasenseofcontrolandaccomplishmentthatpassive

consumptionlacks.It'snotjustaboutkillingtime,butaboutmakingmeaningandleavingapersonalmarkonthe

world.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.WatchingTVisthebestway(orelax.

B.Peoplearechangingfrompassiveentertainmenttoactivecreationinfreetime.

C.Socialmediaisharmfultoeveryone.

D.Gardeningisthemostpopularnewhohhy.

6.Accordingtopsychologists,whyarepeopleturningtocreativehobbies?

A.Becausecreativehobbiesarecheaper.

B.Becausetheywanttoavoidusingtheinternet.

C.Becausethesehobbiesofferasenseofcontrolandachievement.

D.Becauseschoolsrequirestudentstolearnaninstrument.

7.Whatdocstheword“tangible”inthepassagemostlikelymean?

A.Digitalandonline.B.Abletobetouchedorfelt;real.

C.Difficultandchallenging.D.Popularandtrendy.

8.Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardsthetrendmentioned?

A.Doubtfulandcritical.B.Supportiveandunderstanding.

C.Uninterestedandneutral.D.Humorousandmocking.

【答案】：LB2.C3.B4.B

【解析】：

1.主旨大意题。全文通过对比过去的被动消费和现在兴起的主动创造，阐述了人们业余活动方式的转变。

B选项准确概括了这一核心。A、D选项为细节或片面信息；C选项过于绝对。

2.细节理解题。根据文中“Psychologistssuggest...providesasenseofcontrolandaccomplishment”川-知，心理

学家认为创造性爱好能提供掌控感和成就感。C选项同义转述。A、B、D选项原因未提及。

3.词义猜测题。“tangible”修饰“something”，且与“digitaloverload”形成对比,后文说它能提供成就感。因此

最可能的意思是“可触摸的，实在的“，B选项正确。

4.观点态度题。作者客观描述了这一趋势并引用了心理学家的正面解释，用词如“makingmeaning”也体现

了肯定态度。因此态度是“支持且理解的“，B选项正确。

八、完形填空。

Howwespendourweekendsgreatlyafleetsourenergyfbrtheweekahead.The"weekendrecharge^^philosophyis

about1.___activitiesthatgenuinelyrestoreus,ratherthanjustfillingtime.Forsome,rechargingmeanssocial2.

___—havingdinnerswithfriendsorjoiningasportsteam.Forothers,likeintrovertedwriterBen,itmeans

solitudeand3.___—alongwalkaloneorhoursspentwithanovel.

Benusedtofeelguiltyfbrnotbeing“sociallyproductive“onweekends.Nowheunderstandsthatfbrhim,quietis

notempty;itis4.___.Thisself-awarenessisthefirststeptowardabalancedweekend.Expertssuggest5.

yourweekend:onepartforsocialconnection,oneforpersonalhobbies,andoneforrest.The6,isnotto

8/10

followastrictrule,huttolistentoyourownneeds.Doesanactivityleaveyoufeeling7.___ordrained?Your

answerisyourbestguide.Atrulyrechargingweekendactslikearesetbutton.Itdoesn'trequirespendingmoneyor

travelingfar.Itrequires8.___choiceandthecouragetosometimesdot4nothing^^thatlooksproductivetoothers.In

theend,abalancedweekendisonethatequipsyouwithpeace,energy,anda9.___ofcontrolasyoustepintothe

newweek,remindingyou(hatlifeexistsnotjustfordoing,butfbr10.___aswell.

11.()A.countingB.choosingC.avoidingD.finishing

12.()A.mediaB.pressureC.interactionD.silence

13.()A.noiseR.crowdsC.stillnessD.debate

14.()A.wastefulB.productiveC.lonelyD.simple

15.()A.wastingB.balancingC.forgettingD.extending

16.()A.goalB.mistakeC.hobbyD.price

17.()A.refreshedB.boredC.nervousD.famous

18.()A.randomB.quickC.informedD.old

19.()A.lossB.senseC.lackD.photograph

20.()A.beingB.buyingC.workingD.winning

【答案与解析】：

I.B.choosingo逻辑与词义。哲学是关于“选择”能真正恢复精力的活动。

2.C.interactiono上下文逻辑。与后文”与朋友聚餐、加入球队”对应，这些都是“社交互动

3.C.stillnesso上下文对比。对于为向者,充电意味着独处和“安静”,与“socialinteraction”相反。

4.B.productive。逻辑转折。安静对他来说不是浪费，而是“有成效的

5.B.balancingo原词复现与主题。专家建议“平衡”你的周末。

6.A.goal.逻辑推理。“目标”不是遵循死规则，而是倾听自己需求.

7.A.refreshedo上下文逻辑。与“drained(筋疲力尽)“相反的应是“焕然一新(refreshed)

8.C.informed。词义与逻辑。真正充实的周末需要“明智的、基于了解的“选择。

9.B.sense<,固定搭配。asenseofcontrol意为