安徽宣城市2025-2026学年度第一学期期末检测高一英语试题（原卷版）

度第一学期期末检测高一英语试题注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确在条形码区域内。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清晰。3.请按题号顺序在各题答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4.保持答题卡卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。5.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.HowdoesMaryfeelaboutherjob?A.It’stiring.B.It’sdifficult.C.It’spleasing.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Strangers.C.Bossandsecretary.3.WhydoesthewomanenjoyspeakingtoDavid?A.Heknowsalot.B.Heoftengetsgoodgrades.C.Hestudiesmedicine.4.WhowasBrunel?A.Aboxer.B.Anengineer.C.Amanager.5.Whatdidthewomandolastnight?A.Sheateout.B.Shewentfishing.C.Shemadesoup.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthemanspeaktothewoman?A.Toaskforadvice.B.Toexpressthanks.C.Toofferaninvitation.7.Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?A.Gotothestore.B.Makeacall.C.Givesomeinstructions.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydidthemanmaketea?A.Tocolorthepaper.B.Totreathisfriend.C.Topreparebreakfast.9.Howdidthemanmarkthelocationofthetreasure?A.Bydrawingacircle.B.Bymakingacut.C.BywritingabigX.10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Watchashow.B.Playagame.C.Readabook.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthemandoingprobably?A.Hostingaprogram.B.Doingajobinterview.C.Havingameeting.12.Whatdoesthewomanoftendrinkinthemorning?A.Milk.B.Fruitjuice.C.Vegetablesoup.13.Howmanyspecificcountriesdoesthewomanmention?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Howdoesthemansoundinthebeginning?A.Excited.B.Angry.C.Upset.15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkmightbethereasonforthestudents’quietness?A.Lackofinterest.B.Sleepiness.C.Culturaldifferences.16.Whatshouldthemanaskthestudentstodoaccordingtothewoman?A.Discussmunicationstyles.B.Designdifferentactivities.C.Collectreadingmaterials.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdoesthespeakermainlyfocusonabouremesports?A.Theirdevelopment.B.Theirpopularity.C.Theirculturalmeaning.18.Whofirstdevelopedthesportofsurfing?A.TheSpanishexplorers.B.TheAfricanworkers.C.TheHawaiianpeople.19.Whatdoesthespeakerwanttoshowbymentioningkitesurfing?A.Itappliesnewsafetyequipment.B.Itunitestwoancientsports.C.Itiscatchingattention.20.Whatisthespeaker’sattituderemesports?A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Unclear.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADuringthefluseason,about1.3millionpeoplewereinhospitalbecauseofinfluenza(流感).AdietitiannamedSamanthaHellerpointsoutthatitisveryimportanttoeatfoodsthatmakeourimmunesystemstronger,especiallybecausegettingoldermakesourbodylessabletofightdiseases.Therearefourgreatfoodsthatcanstrengthenourimmunesysteminwinter:BeansBeanshaveplentyofzinc(锌),whichhelpsmakemorewhitebloodcellstofightillnesses.Ifpeopledonotgetenoughzinc,theirimmunesystemwillnotworkwell.ClinicaldietitianAnnaTaylorsuggestseatingatleasthalfacupofcookedbeansthreetimesaweek.Thiscankeephealthyzinclevelsinthebodyandstoptheimmunesystemfrombeingweak.BerriesBerriesarerichinvitaminC,whichalsocontributestomakingmorewhitebloodcells.A2018studyshowedthateatingberriescanincreasediseasefightingcellsinolderadults,suchasnaturalkillercellsandTcells.Taylorthinksberriesareoneofthebestfoodstosupportimmunity(免疫力).SweetpotatoesSweetpotatoesarerichinbetacarotene,whichisgoodforourbreathinghealth,andalsohelpsthebodymakemoreimmunecells.Taylorsayssweetpotatoesareveryimportantforolderpeople.Astheyage,theirimmunesystemsproducefewerimmunecells.Sheadvisesbakingsweetpotatoeswitholiveoilandblackpepper.NutsandseedsNutsandseeds,especiallywalnuts,arehighinvitaminE.VitaminEhelpstheimmunesystemgrowmoreTcellstofightdiseases.ClinicalnutritionistKateCohensayswalnutsarethebestchoiceamongnuts.Theyhavealphalinolenicacid(亚麻酸),whichsupportsimmunityandisnotfoundinmostothernuts.Sowalnutsworkbettertoimproveimmunitythanothernuts.Eatingthesefoodscanhelpyoubuildastrongerimmunesystem,andbetterprotectyoufromthefluandotherwinterillnesses.1.HowoftendoesTaylorremendeatingcookedbeanstoimproveimmunity?A.Everyday. B.Onceaweek. C.Twiceaweek. D.Threetimesaweek.2Whyarewalnutsabetterimmuneimprovingchoicethanothernuts?A.Becausetheyhaveauniquecontentofalphalinolenicacid.B.BecausetheycontainthemostvitaminEamongallnuts.C.BecausetheybetterhelpthegrowthofTcells.D.Becausetheycandirectlykillfluviruses.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tomakereadersawareoftheimportanceofdiet.BToexplaintheseriousnessofthefluseason.C.Tointroducefourfoodsthatimproveimmunityagainsttheflu.D.Toparethehealthvaluesofdifferentflufightingfoods.BTheskieshadneverseenapilotlikeBessieColemanbefore.ShewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantogetaninternationalpilot’slicense.ButasaBlackwomaninthe1920s,shefacedmanychallengesbecauseofherraceandgender.Shewouldsaythat“theairistheonlyplacefreefromprejudice(偏见).”ColemanwasborninAtlantaTexas,onJanuary26,1892.Aftergraduatingfromahighschoolforblackchildren,shewenttoOklahomaColoredAgriculturalandNormalUniversityin1910buthadtodropoutbecauseshedidn’thavethemoneytopayforschool.ShethenmovedtoChicago,Illinois,in1915andworkedinabarbershoppaintingfingernails.WhenherbrotherJohnreturnedfromfightinginFranceduringWorldWarI,hetoldstoriesofthefreedomthatwomenoverseasenjoyed.Theycouldbepilots,hesaid.ThatinspiredBessie’snewdream:tobeafemalepilot.ShesavedupmoneyandappliedtoU.S.flightschools.ButnoschoolacceptedherbecauseshewasBlackandawoman.Finally,RobertAbbott,thepublisherofanAfricanAmericannewspaper,suggestedshetryschoolsinFrance.ShelearnedFrench,lefttheUnitedStates,andstartedlearningintheCauldronBrothers’SchoolofAviationinLeCrotoy,France.Sheearnedherinternationalpilot’slicenseonJune15,1921,withinayearofstudy.Afterwardshestudiedstuntflying(特技飞行)acrossEurope.WhenshereturnedtotheUnitedStatesin1922asanaerialacrobat(空中杂技演员),ColemanamazedBlackandwhiteaudienceswithherwonderfulskills.Shealsousedherfametofightracism,refusingtoflyinshowsthatforcedBlackandwhiteaudiencestoenterthroughdifferentgates.In1923,Colemanexperiencedabadaccidentthatleftherwithabrokenleg.Butsoonsherecoveredandstarteddoingstuntsatairshowsagain.HergoalwastoopenaschoolforBlackpilots,butsheneverrealizedthatdream.OnApril30,1926,shediedinaplaneaccident.ButherbraveskillsofflighthaveinspiredagroupofBlackwomenpilotswhocameafterherandjourneyedtothesky.4.WhydidBessieColemandropoutoftheuniversity?A.Becauseshewantedtolearntoflyplanes.B.Becauseshecouldn’taffordtheuniversity.C.BecauseshemovedtoChicagowithherfamily.D.Becauseshewasnotallowedtostudyforherrace.5.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3andparagraph4?A.Frenchwomenwereprofessionalpilots.B.JohnencouragedBessietofightinWorldWarI.C.WomeninFrancehadmorefreedomthanthoseintheUS.D.Frenchflightschoolsweledallinternationalstudents.6.WhatdidBessieColemandotofightracism?A.ShesetupflightschoolsspeciallyforBlackpeople.B.ShesharedherflyingexperiencestoinspireBlackpeople.C.Sheonlyperformedinairshowsthatweledallracesequally.D.SherefusedtoperforminairshowsthatseparatedBlackandwhiteviewers.7.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsBessieColeman?A.Admiring. B.Doubtful. C.Objective. D.Unclear.CInmanypartsoftheworldautumnbringscoolerweatherandabeautifulchange—leavesonsometreesturnfromgreentobrightshadesofyellow,orange,andred.Butthosecolorsareshortlivedbeforeleavesfallofftheirtrees.Haveyoueverwonderedwhythishappens?It’sallpartofhowtheplantsprepareforwinter.Treesspendmuchoftheyearturningsunshineintofoodthroughphotosynthesis(光合作用).Thisprocessreliesonagreenpigment(色素)inleavescalledchlorophyll(叶绿素).Butasautumnapproaches,daysgetshorterandnightsgetcolder.Plantscannolongermakeenoughchlorophylltokeeptheirleavesgreen.Instead,theybreakdownchlorophyllintosmallerpartsandthentakethemin.Thissavesenergybecauseplantsdon’thavetomakechlorophyllfromtheverybeginningwhenspringes.Whenchlorophylldiesaway,otherpigmentsintheleavesstarttoshow.Thesepigmentsnotonlycreatebeautifulcolorsbutalsoprotectleavesfrombeingeatenbyinsectsordamagedbysunlight.Atthesametime,thesetreesstopputtingeffortintoholdingontotheirleaves.Gettingridoftheirleavescanhelptreeskeepwaterintheirbodiesoverwinter.Italsoallowsstrongwindstoblowmoreeasilythroughtrees’branches,puttinglessstressonthem.However,notalltreesletgooftheirautumnleavessoeasily.Forexample,somewillows(柳树)mayholdontotheirleavesallwinter.Thiscanhelpprotecttheirbranchesfromhungryanimals.Conifer(针叶树)treeslikewisekeeptheirneedlesyearround.Needlescanbearthecoldmoreeasilythanleavesdo.Soitcostsconiferslessenergytohangontotheirneedlesthantoremoveandregrowthemyearly.Haveacloselookatthetreesoutsideyourownwindowwhentheleaveschangeinautumnandfalltotheground.Bycollectingdataonyourlocalbiodiversity(生物多样性),youcancontributetocitizenscienceprojects.Plus,spendingtimewithnaturecancheeryouup—somethingmanyofusneedasthedaysgrowdarkerandcolder.8.Whatcontributestotheleavesofsometreeschangingcolorsinautumn?A.Insectseatingupthegreenpigmentinleaves.B.Thesunlightbeingnotstrongenoughinautumn.C.Treesneedingmoreenergytomakenewgreenpigments.D.Chlorophyllinleavesdisappearingandotherpigmentsappearing.9.Whatistheadvantagefortreestoremoveleavesinwinter?A.Itcanhelptreestakeinmoresunlighteasily.B.Itcanmaketreesgrownewleavesquicklyinspring.C.Itcanprotecttrees’branchesfrombeingeatenbyanimals.D.Itcanhelptreeskeepwaterandreducestressfromstrongwinds.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutconifertreesfromthepassage?A.Theylosetheirneedleseveryautumnlikeothertrees.B.Theirneedlesarenotabletostandcoldwinterweather.C.Theykeeptheirneedlesallyearroundforenergysaving.D.Theyneedtoconsumemoreenergytokeepneedlesthanregrowthem.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Wecanonlyenjoythebeautyofautumnleavesbywatchingthem.B.Gettingclosetonatureishelpfulforourmentalhealthinautumn.C.Thedaysinautumnarebrightandwarmforpeopletogoout.D.Citizenscienceprojectsonlyneeddataaboutautumnleaves.DIcelandliesacrosstheMidAtlanticRidge,adividinglinebetweentwoofEarth’scrustal(地壳的)plateswhicharemovingapart.Thatallowshot,liquidrockcalledmagmatowellupeasilyfromthedepths.IcelandalsositsjustbelowtheArcticcircleandenjoysglacierfriendlycoldtemperatures,housing34activevolcanoes(火山),halfburiedundericeupto1kmthick.Astheclimatewarms,theseglaciersaremelting(融化).GlaciersbeardownontheEarth’scrust,squeezing(挤压)theunderlyingrockandraisingitsmeltingpoint.Removetheiceandtherockbouncesback,easingpressure.Thislowersthemeltingpoint,increasingmagmaformation,whichtheneruptsaslava.Somepredicttheglacierswilldisappearintwocenturies,whichcouldupsetthevolcanoesbelow,causingthemtoeruptmorefrequently,morewildlyorboth.EarlygeologicaldatasuggestsIcelandnowproducestwoorthreetimesmoremagmathanacenturyago.SomevolcanoeslikeGrimsvotnandBardarbungahavegrownmoreactive,whileotherslikeKatlahavestayedquietforoveracenturybutmayeruptmorewildly.Historysupportsthislink:some10,000yearsago,afterthickicemeltedawayduringthelasticeage,therewere30to50timesmorevolcaniceruptionsinIceland.Thisisn’tuniquetoIceland—Antarctica,Alaska,andtheAndesaresimilarlyaffected,witharound250volcanoesunderornearice.Researchpublishedin2020suggeststhatthoughonly20,000peoplelivewithin5kmofanaffectedvolcano,160millionpeoplewithin100kmofonefaceriskslikewatershortagesandmudslides.Andpeopleneednotlivenearbytobeaffected.WhenEyjafjallajokull,asmallvolcanobyIcelandicstandards,erupted15yearsago,itsentintotheatmosphereanashcloudenoughtocausesixdaysofairtravelproblems.Inthelate18thcentury,Laki,anotherIcelandicvolcano,pouredoutsomuchsulphurdioxide(SO2)andashthatsomehistorianssuggestcropfailuresprecipitatedbytheresultingdropintemperatureshelpedleadtotheFrenchrevolution.12.WhatmakesmagmaeasytowellupinIceland?A.BeingontheMidAtlanticRidge. B.Thethickicecoveringvolcanoes.C.ItslocationneartheArcticcircle. D.Thefrequentvolcaniceruptions.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“precipitated”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Caused. B.Prevented. C.Recorded. D.Discovered.14.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Icelandmayexperienceactivevolcanoes.B.Globalwarmingmayhavevolcanicresults.C.Volcaniceruptionsmaycauseseriousproblems.D.Glaciermeltingmayleadtolandmovingquickly.15.Whereisthispassagemostprobablyfrom?A.Anaturaltravelblog. B.Afictionalnovel.C.Ascientificmagazine. D.Aweatherforecastreport.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Didyouknowwelosehalfourfriendseverysevenyears?Themostmonreasonwedoisn’tthatwe’vebeebasicallyinpatible(不相容的).It’sbecausewe’renolongerinthesameplaceatthesametime.___16___.Weneedsomethingcalled“sharedsocialcons(环境)”forthemtocontinue.Theproblem,however,maynotbethatfriendshipsmonlydecreaseinclosenessovertime.___17___.Onestudyfoundthatreachingouttoafriendwhomwehaven’tspokentoinawhileisjustasunfortableasreachingouttoastranger.Anotherstudyonlongdistancefriendshipsshowedwhenweassumethatafriendshipis“flexible”andnot“fragile(脆弱的),”it’smorelonglasting.___18___.Thismeansthatifwehaven’tspokentoafriendinawhile,weshouldassumethatwecanstillreconnectatanytime.Abouthalfoffriendshipsdidnotincreaseinclosenessstraight.Theywentthroughupsanddowns.___19___.Aboutaquarterofclosefriendshipsturnedintocasualonesgraduallyatsometimepoint,butthenendeduptransformingintobestfriendshipslateron.Howdowegetourselvestoreachouttotheseoldfriends?Weneedsupportingstrategies.Onestudyinvolvedhavingpeoplesendseveralmessagestopresentfriends,andthentheyweregiventimeamessagetoanoldfriend.Whentheypracticedstartingcontactwitholdfriends,theyweremorelikelytoreachouttotheoldfriend.___20___.Youstillsharememories,history,andanawarenessthatyouhavethepossibilitytolikeeachother,becauseyouhaveinthepast.Friendshipsdon’tendasmuchasfallasleep,andasimplecheckincanwakethembackup.A.Manyofourfriendshipsareactually“locationships”B.YournolongeractivefriendshipsarenotthoseofstrangersC.KeepingyouroldfriendshipsmaycostyoutimeandenergyD.ThekeytosuchfriendshipsisapositiveattitudetowardsflexibilityE.Somefriendshipseventakea“break”beforebeingcloseragainF.ItisthatwemayassumefriendshipisoverjustbecauseitislesscloseG.Fewfriendshipscanstandthetestoftime,accordingtosomeresearchers第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’vealwayslovedtraveling,andhavespentmostofmyadultlifeonthemoveorplanningmynextadventure.In2023,IvisitedtheGalapagosIslandsand___21___PostOfficeBayonFloreanaIsland,whereanoldwhiskybarrel(桶)___22___asapostbox.Peoplewillleavealetterandtakeonethattheycan___23___totheirnextdestination.Thebarrelwas___24___withpostcards.Itookacouplehomeandhappilydeliveredthem.Therecipientswereincrediblygrateful,anditfeltwonderfultohave___25___suchjoy.Weekslater,Icouldn’tstop___26___abouttheletters.ThenIthought:WhatifIspentayeardeliveringlettersfromthatpostbox?IrealizedIcouldkeepmy___27___jobwhiletravelingtheworldanddeliveringpost.SoIdecidedto___28___myjourneyonsocialmediatokeeparecordofmyadventuresandconnectwithpeople.In2024,I___29___totheGalapagosandpicked55lettersandpostcards.Iaimedtodeliveroneaweek,relyingonlyonaddressesratherthansocialmedia.Iwasextremely____30____duringthefirstfewdeliveriesasIhadnoideahowpeoplewould____31____me.Atfirst,peoplewereconfused,butoncetheyunderstoodwhatIwasdoing,theyturnedouttobereallywarmandweling—thoughtherewere____32____.InNorway,Ialmostgotarrested(逮捕).Awoman____33____myselfiestickforaweaponandcalledthepolice.IhadtoshowtheofficersmyInstagramtoexplain,andweallendedup____34____intheend.Nowmychallengeisover,I’mwritingabookandhelpingdevelopa(n)____35____aboutmytravels.I’malreadystartingtogetitchy(痒的)feet.21.A.discovered B.built C.designed D.contacted22.A.treats B.regards C.serves D.guards23.A.send B.press C.adapt D.deliver24.A.connected B.replaced C.covered D.packed25.A.brought B.announced C.taken D.inspired26.A.talking B.thinking C.worrying D.plaining27.A.unique B.original C.remote D.professional28.A.revise B.ignore C.improve D.document29.A.travelled B.returned C.moved D.drove30.A.puzzled B.eager C.anxious D.frightened31.A.riseto B.stickto C.attachto D.respondto32.A.events B.exceptions C.struggles D.arguments33.A.mistook B.exchanged C.figured D.assumed34.A.sweating B.laughing C.forting D.apologizing35.A.film B.account C.fashion D.lecture第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ZhongMoYuan(TheInkSownGarden),aTVseriesdevotedtopromotingthethousandyearoldXuanpaperculture,beganshootingonSept21inthecityofXuanchenginAnhuiprovince,with___36___80dayfilmingschedule,accordingtotheproducers.ProducedbyChinaCentralTelevision,thestory,directedbySongYeming,followsayoungwoman___37___quitsherjobinBeijingtoreturntoherhometownandcareforhersickmother.Aftergettingapositionasalocalgovernmentofficial,shediscoversthatthe___38___(tradition)Xuanpaperindustryisontheedgeofdecline(衰落).___39___(determine)torevitalize(复兴)it,shestartsaseriesof___40___(activity)suchasdevelopingXuanpapernotebooks,securingordersforXuanwallpaperinBeijing,andorganizingaculturalfestivalpromotingthe“fourtreasuresofthestudy”,whichareusuallyknown___41___thebrush,ink,paperandinkstone.Xuanpaper,famousforitsoutstandingquality,longlastingcharacter___42___importantroleinChinesecalligraphyandpainting,isavaluedculturalicon.DirectorSongsaidhe___43___(draw)tothescript’suniquestructureandcharacters,___44___(especial)itsangleofagrassrootscivilservant.HewasalsoattractedbythedramatictensionwithinafamilyofXuanpapercraftsmenastheydevote____45____(they)toaddressingthechallengesofguardingtraditions,passingdowntheircraftandinnovatingforthefuture.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是校学生会主席李华，学校即将启动“每日健身”计划，你将在升旗仪式上发表演讲，呼吁同学们坚持锻炼、拥抱健康。请根据以下要点完成演讲稿：1.点明锻炼的重要性；2.推荐适合校园的运动方式；3.发出行动倡议。注意：1.词数80左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3.行文连贯，语言得体。Dearteachersandschoolmates,Goodmorning!It’smypleasuretosharemythoughtsonexerciseandhealthtoday.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyou!第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ThelittlebirdsatitselfonthetreebranchoutsideVanessa’sbedroomwindow.Ittrilledanenergeticsonga