英语四级试题时间

英语四级试题时间

TestPaperPartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayonthetopicTheImportanceofDevelopingCriticalThinking.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Theriseofsocialmediahasfundamentallyalteredhowwecommunicateandconsumeinformation.Whiletheseplatformsofferunprecedentedopportunitiesforconnectionandself-expression,theyalsopresentsignificantchallenges.Onemajorconcernisthespreadofmisinformation.Algorithmsdesignedtomaximizeuserengagementoftencreate"echochambers,"whereindividualsareprimarilyexposedtoopinionsthat__(1)__theirexistingbeliefs.Thiscanreinforcebiasesandmakepeoplemore__(2)__tofalseormisleadingcontent.Furthermore,theconstant__(3)__ofcurated,idealizedversionsofothers'livescanleadtonegativesocialcomparison,impactingmentalwell-being,particularlyamongadolescents.Thepressuretogainlikesandfollowerscanalso__(4)__authenticself-expression,asusersmayfeelcompelledtoconformtoperceivedtrends.To__(5)__ahealthierrelationshipwithsocialmedia,expertssuggestmindfulusage.Thisincludesbeing__(6)__ofthetimespentonline,criticallyevaluatingthesourceandintentbehindtheinformationencountered,andactivelyseekingout__(7)__viewpoints.Itisalsobeneficialto__(8)__regulardigitaldetoxes—periodswhereoneconsciouslyrefrainsfromusingdigitaldevices.Byfosteringdigitalliteracyandintentionalhabits,individualscanbetter__(9)__thebenefitsofthesetoolswhile__(10)__theirpotentialharms.WordBank:A)mitigateB)skepticalC)reinforceD)diverseE)vulnerableF)cultivateG)awareH)navigateI)floodJ)scheduleK)compromiseL)superficialM)sustainN)diminishO)resistantSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagefollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inaneradominatedbydigitalentertainment,thesimpleactofreadingaphysicalbookmightseemlikeanostalgicrelic.However,agrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhat"deepreading"—theimmersive,focusedprocessofengagingwithacomplexnarrativeorargument—offerscognitivebenefitsthatskim-readingonlinecontentcannotmatch.Neuroscientificstudiesindicatethatreadinganovel,forexample,strengthensbrainconnectivityinareasrelatedtolanguageandsensorymotorskills.Itactsasakindofsimulationforthebrain,allowingreaderstoexperiencesituationsandemotionsvicariously,whichcanenhanceempathyandtheoryofmind—theabilitytounderstandothers'mentalstates.Furthermore,thelinear,sustainedattentionrequiredbyabookhelpstrainthebrain'scapacityforconcentration,askillincreasinglyerodedbythefragmented,interrupt-drivennatureofdigitalmedia.Unliketheoftensuperficialbrowsingofwebpages,deepreadingpromotescriticalthinking.Itallowsreaderstofollowintricatearguments,reflectonthemes,andengagewithambiguity.ThisprocessbuildswhatcognitivescientistMaryanneWolfcallsa"readingbraincircuit,"whichisessentialforcomplexreasoning.Thedeclineofthispractice,shewarns,couldhaveprofoundimplicationsforourabilitytoanalyze,reflect,andempathizeinademocraticsociety.Whiledigitaltoolsareinvaluableforaccessinginformation,theyoftenencourageautilitarian,efficiency-drivenapproachtotext.Thephysicalbook,freefromhyperlinksandnotifications,providesasanctuaryforcontemplation.Theargumentisnotfortheabandonmentoftechnology,butfortheconsciouspreservationofdeepreadingasavitalcomplementarypracticeformentaldevelopment.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A)Tocriticizetheoveruseofdigitalmedia.B)Tohighlighttheuniquecognitivebenefitsofreadingphysicalbooks.C)Tocomparetheefficiencyofdigitalandprintreading.D)Topromotethesalesoftraditionalprintedbooks.12.Accordingtothepassage,whatisakeycognitivebenefitof"deepreading"novels?A)Itimprovesvisualprocessingspeed.B)Itenhancesempathyandunderstandingofothers.C)Itincreasesmemorycapacityforfacts.D)Ithelpslearnforeignlanguagesfaster.13.Thephrase"erodedby"(Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto________.A)supportedbyB)weakenedbyC)replacedbyD)measuredby14.WhatdoesMaryanneWolfimplyaboutthedeclineofdeepreading?A)Itwillmakepublishingindustriesobsolete.B)Itmayimpairsociety'scapacityforcriticalreasoningandempathy.C)Itisaninevitableresultoftechnologicalprogress.D)Itonlyaffectstheelderlypopulation.15.Whatistheauthor'ssuggestedapproachtowardsdigitaltoolsanddeepreading?A)Digitaltoolsshouldbeabandonedinfavorofbooks.B)Deepreadingshouldreplacedigitalinformationconsumptionentirely.C)Deepreadingshouldbemaintainedasanimportantpracticealongsidedigitaltooluse.D)Digitaltoolsaresufficientforallcognitivedevelopmentneeds.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageTwoQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theconceptofa"sharingeconomy"hasgainedsignificanttractionoverthepastdecade,drivenbyplatformslikeAirbnbandUber.Itisoftencelebratedforpromotingefficientuseofunderutilizedassets(likespareroomsorcarseats),providingflexibleincomeopportunities,andfosteringasenseofcommunitythroughpeer-to-peerexchange.However,acloserexaminationrevealsamorecomplexpicture,challengingits"sharing"labelandhighlightingregulatoryandsocialdilemmas.Criticsarguethatwhatistermedthe"sharingeconomy"oftenresemblesapoorlyregulatedserviceindustry.ProfessionallandlordsnowfrequentlylistmultiplepropertiesonAirbnb,turningresidentialapartmentsintodefactohotels,whichcandriveuplocalrentsanddisrupthousingmarkets.Similarly,ride-sharingdriversareoftennotcasualsharersbutworkersrelyingontheplatformforprimaryincome,yetlackingthebenefitsandprotectionsoftraditionalemployment.Furthermore,thealgorithmicmanagementbytheseplatformsraisesconcernsaboutlaborconditionsanddiscrimination.Pricingcanbedynamicandopaque,anddriver/riderorhost/guestratingscanperpetuatebiases.Thepromised"community"aspectisalsoquestionable;interactionsarefrequentlytransactionalandmediatedbycorporateplatformsfocusedonprofitmaximization.Proponentscounterthattheseplatformsrespondtomoderndemandsforconvenienceandflexibility.Theyempowerindividualstomonetizetheirassetsandtime.Thesolution,perhaps,liesnotinrejectingthemodelbutinadaptingregulationstoensurefaircompetition,protectworkers'rights,safeguardconsumers,andmitigatenegativeexternalitiesoncommunities.Thechallengeistoharnesstheinnovationwhileaddressingitsunintendedconsequences.16.Whatistheprimaryreasonthepassagequestionsthe"sharing"labelofthesharingeconomy?A)Thetransactionsarenotprofitableforindividuals.B)Theassetsbeingsharedarealwaysbrandnew.C)Itofteninvolvesprofessionalizedservicesandcommercialmotives.D)Theplatformsprohibitanysenseofcommunity.17.Accordingtothepassage,whatisapotentialnegativeimpactofAirbnbonlocalcommunities?A)Itreducestourismsignificantly.B)Itdecreasestheavailabilityofhoteljobs.C)Itmaycontributetorisinghousingcostsforresidents.D)Itleadstostricterbuildingregulations.18.Whatconcernisraisedregardingtheworkers(e.g.,drivers)inthesharingeconomy?A)Theyareoverqualifiedfortheirjobs.B)Theyhavetoomuchcontrolovertheplatforms.C)Theymaylackstandardemploymentbenefitsandprotections.D)Theyareresistanttousingnewtechnologies.19.Theword"perpetuate"(Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto________.A)eliminateB)investigateC)continueD)simplify20.Whatistheauthor'soverallstanceonthesharingeconomyassuggestedinthefinalparagraph?A)Itshouldbebannedcompletely.B)Itsbenefitsoutweighallitsdrawbacks.C)Itrequiresupdatedregulationstomanageitseffectsresponsibly.D)Itisprimarilyatoolforlargecorporationstoavoidtaxes.PartIIITranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.中国书法（calligraphy）是一门古老的艺术，其历史可以追溯到几千年前。它不仅是书写汉字的一种方式，更被视为一种心灵修养和艺术表达的形式。书法家通过控制毛笔的力度和速度，创造出具有美感和个性的笔画。练习书法需要耐心和专注，有助于培养内心的平静。如今，尽管数字技术日益普及，中国书法仍然深受人们喜爱，并被广泛视为中国文化遗产的重要组成部分。PartIV(Note:ThissectionistypicallyListeningComprehensioninCET-4,butasperyourrequest,itisomitted.Thetimeallocationfortheremainingsectionsisadjustedaccordingly.Thetotalexamdurationforthispaper,excludinglistening,wouldbeapproximately120minutes:Writing30min,Reading40min,Translation30min,withextratimeforchecking.)AnswerKeyPartIWriting(Sampleessayomittedasanswerswillvary.)PartIIReadingComprehensionSectionA1.C)reinforce2.E)vulnerable3.I)flood4.K)compromise5.F)cultivate6.G)aware7.D)diverse8.J)schedule9.H)navigate10.A)mitigateSectionBPassageOne11.B)Tohighlighttheuniquecognitivebenefitsofreadingphysicalbooks.12.B)Itenhancesempathyandunderstandingofothers