2025~2026学年湖南衡阳县第四中学高二下学期开学摸底检测英语试卷

2025~2026学年湖南衡阳县第四中学高二下学期开学摸底检测英语试卷一、阅读理解FirstAid:EssentialKnowledgeforEveryoneIntroductionFirstaidistheinitialassistancegiventosomeonewhoisinjuredorill.Itcanmakeahugedifferenceincriticalsituations,potentiallysavinglives.Inthisarticle,we’llexploresomekeyaspectsoffirstaid.RecognizingEmergenciesThefirststepinfirstaidisbeingabletorecognizeanemergency.Thiscouldrangefromaminorcutorburntoamoreseriousheartattackorstroke.Forexample,ifsomeoneischoking,theywilloftenclutchattheirthroatandbeunabletospeak.Signsofaheartattackincludechestpainthatmayspreadtothearm,neck,orjaw,shortnessofbreath,andsweating.Bybeingawareofthesesigns,youcanreactpromptly.BasicFirst-AidSkillsCPR(CardiopulmonaryResuscitation)isacrucialfirst-aidskill.Incasesofcardiacarrest,whentheheartstopsbeating,performingCPRcankeepoxygenatedbloodflowingtothebrainandothervitalorgansuntilprofessionalhelparrives.Itinvolvesalternatingbetweenmouth-to-mouthresuscitationandchestcompressions.Chestcompressionsshouldbedoneatarateofabout100—120compressionsperminute,andthedepthofcompressionsforanadultshouldbeatleast2inches.First-AidKitsHavingawell-stockedfirst-aidkitathome,inthecar,andatworkisessential.Abasicfirst-aidkitshouldincludeitemslikeadhesivebandagesinvarioussizes,antisepticwipes,gauzepads,adhesivetape,scissors,tweezers,andpainrelievers.It’salsoagoodideatohaveafirst-aidmanualinthekitforreference.ImportanceofFirstAidTrainingTakingafirst-aidtrainingcourseishighlyrecommended.Itprovideshands-onexperienceandin-depthknowledgethatcan’tbefullygainedfromreadingalone.Trainedindividualsaremoreconfidentandbetterequippedtohandleemergencies.Manycommunitycenters,hospitals,andonlineplatformsofferfirst-aidtrainingprograms.1.Whatisthefirststepinfirstaid?

A．Callingforprofessionalhelp.B．PerformingCPR.C．Recognizinganemergency.D．Usingafirst-aidkit.2.InwhichsituationshouldCPRbeperformed?

A．Whensomeonehasaminorcut.B．Whensomeoneischoking.C．Whensomeonehasaheadache.D．Whensomeone’sheartstopsbeating.3.Whyisfirst-aidtrainingimportant?

A．It’sfreeofcharge.B．It’seasytopasstheexam.C．Itprovideshands-onexperienceandin-depthknowledge.D．Itcanbecompletedonlinequickly.TakanoriKobayashi,a23-year-oldfromJapan,hashadastrongconnectionwithPekingOperasincehischildhood.HisfascinationwithChinesehistorybeganinhisearlychildhood,influencedbyJapanesemanga(漫画),especiallyworkslikeRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms.ThesestoriesmadehimcuriousaboutChinesecultureandledhimtosearchforrelatedvideosonline.At14,KobayashicameacrossavideoofahistoricalPekingOpera,TheBattleofRedCliffs.Althoughhedidn’tunderstandthelanguage,hewascaptivatedbythecostumes,makeup,andmusic.At17,hefoundawebsitefortheShincyoTheater,aPekingOperatroupe(巡演)inTokyofoundedbyZhangChunxiang,aBeijing-bornartist,whohadmovedtoJapaninthe1980sandfoundedtheShincyoTheatertopromotePekingOperainJapan.Kobayashiemailedthetheater,sharingwithZhanghispassionforPekingOpera,andhisdesiretojointhetroupe.Zhangwasimpressedbyhispassion.At18,KobayashimovedtoTokyotoattendChuoUniversity,majoringinChineselanguageandculture,whileattendingZhang’sPekingOperaclasseseverySaturday.ZhangteacheshisstudentsbyexplainingthemovementsofPekingOperainsimpleJapanese.Kobayashi,whoenjoysplayingcivilroles,listenstofamousperformancestolearnthemusicandgetasenseoftheroles.HeworkswithZhangtoimprovehisperformance.Yearsofhardworkpaidoff.In2020,Kobayashifinallygotthechanceanddebutedinasmallpainted-faceroleinWildBoarForest,oneofShincyoTheater’sproductions,whichgotwell-received.Aftergraduation,Kobayashiworkedforacompanyincosmetics,buthestillstudiesPekingOperainhisfreetimeandoccasionallyperformswithShincyoTheater.“BecomingaprofessionalPekingOperaperformerinJapanisdifficultandmightnotbepracticalasalong-termcareer.InChina,performersusuallystarttrainingatfourorfive,whereasIbegancloseto20.Evenso,I’dstillliketopursueitprofessionallyandgiveitmybestshot,”saidKobayashi.4.WhatsparkedKobayashi’sinitialinterestinChinesehistoryandculture?

A．SchoollessonsrelatedtoChina.B．AvisittotheShincyoTheater.C．ChinesetalestoldinJapanesecomic.D．AvideoofahistoricalPekingOpera.5.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeKobayashi?

A．Optimisticandconsiderate.B．Persistentanddiligent.C．Energeticanddetermined.D．Creativeandpassionate.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“debuted”inparagraph4probablymean?

A．Playedaleadingrole.B．Paintedafacialmakeup.C．Performedforthefirsttime.D．Conqueredthestagefright.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A．Hehastoquitowingtostartinglate.B．Hewillkeepinformedandpractiseoccasionally.C．Heiswillingtogiveitashotdespitethedifficulties.D．HetriestobeaprofessionalPekingOperaperformer.Thereisatendencyamonghow-toenthusiaststotalkaboutcreativityasifithadfixedobjectives:thingsyouknowfromthestartwillturnouttobenovelsorpiecesofmusic.Writersandmusicianswhohavesufferedtheuncertaintiesofcreationbelievethatthisisanunlikelything.Iftheyhavetotalkaboutit,theyjustcite“artisticvision”andleaveitatthat.Somewritersclaimthattheycanidentifyamodelandknockoutathriller.Positionsareadopted:“story”isthreeactsandacastofcharacters.Well,maybeso,butnovelsaren’tcookiemoulds(模具).AndMozartdidn’twritehismusicinsomethingcalled“sonataform”.Thesetermscomelater,afterthejobisdone.Scientistscallthisneedtofollowamodeltheseteffect.Itfindsthatageneraltendencyexiststofavourknownmethodsinproblem-solvingattheexpenseofalternatives.Ifyouhaveevertriedakeyinalockanddiscoveredthat,thoughthereareotherkeystobetried,youprefertokeepjiggling(摆弄)theonethatdoesn’tfit,thenyouhaveshownthistendency.Theseteffectisalsoagoodwayofdescribingwhatcanhappenwhenanartisticapproachstopsproducingresults.Afewyearsago,whenIfinishedMurmur,anovelaboutTuring,IknewIwouldn’tbeworkingthatwayagain.Nevertheless,Istilltriedasecondfictionand,undoubtedly,failed.WhenMozartspokeofunderstandinghismusicalcompositionsvisually,hewasn’tbeingpoetic.Hewasliterallydescribinghis“artisticvision”.It’sjustlikewhenabeefliessideways,thelocationofaflowerisrevealedasmuchbythatmotionasbythefloweritself.Perhapsartisticvisionisapartofphysicalseeing,inwhichourexpectationsforaworkarenotasimportantasthework’srisingshape;wherelookingsidewaysmattersmorethanlocked-onfocus.Creativeprojectsandartisticvisionareapartofouranimalresponsetotheworld,dynamicandnotfixed.8.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?

A．Bymakingcomparisons.B．Bypresentingdifferentopinions.C．Byillustratingaparticularphenomenon.D．Bydemonstratingsimilaritiesamongartists.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2imply?

A．Writingisunlikecooking.B．Creatingneverfollowsasetpattern.C．WritersshouldlearnfromMozart.D．Writersshouldabandonwritingmoulds.10.Whatdoweknowabouttheseteffect?

A．Itisaneedtosolveproblemswithfixedpatterns.B．Itisthebestwaytosolveproblem.C．Itexplainspeople’stendencytomakechoices.D．Itresultsinpeople’simproperbehaviours.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A．Bees’movementmodelsafterhumans’.B．Creationprocessisdynamic.C．Mozartcomposedmusicvisually.D．Illustrationsofartisticvision.Whenwe’retiredorinjured,weoftengotobedearliertorechargeandmendourbodies.That’sbecauseweoftenthinkthatnightisagoldentimetodealwithstressorinjuries.Butisittrue?NathanielHoyle,ascientistoftheLaboratoryofMolecularBiologyinCambridge,UK,hasbeenleadingastudyintothistopic.Theteamdiscoveredthatfibroblastcells(成纤维细胞)inthebodyswitchoffatnight.Thesecellshelpcloseupawoundaftertheskinisbrokenandlayafoundationfornewskintogrow.Whyexactlyarethesecellslessactiveatnight?It’salltodowithyourbody’scircadian(昼夜节律的)rhythm—a24-hourinternalclockthathelpsyourcellsdotheirjobsontime.NewScientistreportedthatagroupof30genesthatcontrolthefibroblastsworkedonlydaytimeshifts,causingtheslowerhealingprocessatnight.Totestitstheory,theCambridge-basedteamexamineddatafromtheInternationalBurnInjuryDatabase,whichrecordsdetailsofburnvictimsaroundtheworld.Thisanalysisrevealedthatnighttimeburns,onaverage,took11moredaystohealthanburnsduringtheday.Asimilarresultoccurredwhileexperimentingusinglivemice.Thosethatwerecutduringnight-timehoursrecoveredmoreslowlythanthoseduringtheday.“Youcanseebyeyes,whenthecelliswoundedonly8hoursapartfromeachother,indifferentcircadianperiods,thedaytimewoundedonestakeoff,andthenighttimeonesdrag,”researchteammemberJohnO’NeilltoldScienceAlert.Headded,“Thetime-varyingresponsemaybeanevolutionaryadaptation.Aspeoplearemorelikelytosustaininjurieswhenawakethanwhensleeping,perhapsourbodiesarepreparedtorespondmorequicklyinthedaytime.”Hewentontosaythatitcouldbebeneficialtoschedulesurgeriesintimewithpeople’scircadianrhythms,earlierforearlybirdsandlaterfornightowls,inordertolessenrecoverytime.However,inanycase,itmightbebestnottouseanythingsharponcethesungoesdown.12.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?

A．Toexplainhowwerechargeourbodies.B．Toarousetheinterestofthereadersinthetopic.C．Toprovethateveryonesuffersstressandinjuries.D．Tointroduceanewdiscoveryfordealingwithstress.13.Whatdotheresearchersfindduringtheirresearch?

A．Burnstakethesametimetohealregardlessoftheircuttime.B．Fibroblastcellsboostthehealingbyworkingnighttimeshift.C．Miceresponddifferentlyinthehealingprocessfromhumans.D．Abody’scircadianrhythmmattersinwakingupfibroblastcells.14.WhatcanwelearnaccordingtoJohnO’Neill?

A．Peopletendtobearpainmorewhentheyareasleep.B．Sharpknivesarenotsuggestedinthemiddleoftheday.C．Nightowlsoperatedoninthenighttimemayrecoversooner.D．Evolutionadaptationcausespeople’stime-varyingresponses.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthispassage?

A．WhyWeHealInjuriesBetterintheDaytimeB．AResearchOffersCluestoTreatingInjuriesC．HowWeHealWoundsandInjuriesEffectivelyD．ScientistsUnlocktheSecrettoAvoidingInjuriesWithallthenewfindingsontheeffectsofbadlifestyles,itisnowonderthatsomanypeopleareeagertostartchangingtheirlifestylesforthebetter.16Onceyougetintothehabitofmaintainingahealthyroutine,youwillbeabletoexperiencethebenefitsofahealthylifestyle.Improveyourphysicalappearance.Leadingahealthylifestylecanmakeyoubringoutthebestversionofyourself.Tobespecific,ithelpsyoudevelopgoodhabitsandthesehabitsmakeiteasierforyoutoparticipateinhealthyactivities.17Promotebettermentalhealth.Whenyouenjoyahealthylifestyle,youdoseveralactivitieswhichhavesomedirectorindirecteffectsonimprovingyourmoodoremotionalside.18Thesetypesofactivitieswillalsohelpyouhavemoresocialinteractionsandinterestingconversationswithpeoplewhosharesimilarinterests.19Havingahealthylifestylecanactasprotectionagainstillnesses.Accordingtoresearch,itreducestherisksofchronicdiseaseslikediabetesandheartdisease.Nevertheless,whenriskfactorsarepresentandyou’releadingabadlifestyle,itdramaticallyincreasesthelikelihoodthatyou’lleventuallydeveloponeofanypossibleillnesses.Quiteliterally,thereareinfinitebenefitsonewillreceivebypursuingahealthylifestyle.20However,havingahealthylifestylewillcontributesignificantlytoamorefulfillinglifeovertime.Sodrinkwater,eatwell,movethebodyandchoosetobegratefulforthegiftoflife!

A．Slowageingprocess.B．Thesebenefitsmaynotbeseenimmediately.C．Lowertheriskofdevelopinghealthproblems.D．Ahealthylifestylecanimproveyoursleepquality.E．Activitieslikeswimminghelpyourmindtorelaxandrefresh.F．Inreturn,youwillbefitandyourbodyposturewillalsoimprove.G．Ahealthylifestyleshouldbeawayoflivinginsteadofatemporaryfix.二、完形填空WhenMyshadecidedtoimproveherfitnessinlate2019,takinguprunningwasano-brainer.ShelivesinabeautifultownonScotland’seastcoast,soshefound____________wasn’tsobad,withbreathtakingscenery.YeteventhoughMyshaquicklyfellinlovewithrunning,somethingstartedto_____________her―thebeachesandpathssheranalongwerecoveredinlitter.___________,shewasalwaysdoingalittlelitter-picking,butwhenshesawanAmericanrunneronlinetalkingaboutplogging,anew____________emergingamongrunners,shewasexcitedtotryitoutforherself,Plogging____________inSweden,andthewordcomesfromtheSwedishwordploka,meaning“to____________whilejogging”.Myshastartedfollowinga(n)____________onlinecalledEnvironmentalFitnessandbegantotakeashoppingbagwithheronrunsandfillitwith____________.Itwasn’tlonguntilsheuncoveredsomeoftheupsetting_____________oflittering.Shestartedtofind____________chemicalscontainedinbatteriesleakingintotheenvironmentandsmallanimals______________inplasticbottlesstrugglingtochewtheirwayout.ThesediscoveriesmadeMyshaevenmore______________aboutlitterpicking.Shejoinedherlocallitter-pickinggroupandsoonwasaskedto______________leadershipofthegroup.Despitethebigvolumesoflitterbeingdropped,Myshaandherfellowlitter-pickers______________togetoutandplog.“Thethoughtofkeepingotherpeople'sspiritsupandseeingtheir_____________spreadtomorepeoplekeepsmegoing.Together,wecanachieveamazingthings!”Myshasays.21.A．joggingB．skatingC．cyclingD．hiking22.A．puzzleB．exciteC．botherD．amuse23.A．ProudlyB．ActuallyC．SecretlyD．Luckily24.A．trendB．skillC．lessonD．trick25.A．existedB．renewedC．advancedD．originated26.A．relaxB．pickC．thinkD．recycle27.A．orderB．ruleC．initiativeD．tradition28.A．foodB．clothesC．toolsD．waste29.A．truthsB．processesC．instancesD．consequences30.A．rareB．poisonousC．organicD．unstable31.A．raisedB．trappedC．placedD．buried32.A．curiousB．worriedC．passionateD．confused33.A．takeoverB．insistonC．turndownD．riseto34.A．ceasedB．hesitatedC．attemptedD．continued35.A．actionsB．dreamsC．hobbiesD．memories三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Springisnotmerelyaseasonofblossomsandsunshine—it’satime36China’seconomyburstsintolifewithnewvitality.The“SpringEconomy”37(include)theprosperityintourism,culturalevents,andconsumerspendingduringthisdynamicseason.In2025,ithasbecomeapowerfulenginedrivinggrowthacrossurbanandruralareas,integratingnaturalbeautywithcutting-edgetechnologyand38(innovate)policies.Takethelow-altitudeflowerviewinginChongzhou,Sichuan39example.Thisactivewitnesseda645%increaseinonlinesearches40(compare)to2024.TechnologyplaysasignificantroleinenhancingtheSpringEconomy.AtMountTaiinShandong,exoskeletonrobotshaveenabledtouriststohike41(comfortable).Meanwhile,atWuhan’sEastLakeCherryBlossomGarden,dronesmonitorcrowds,ensuringsafetywhile42(preserve)thebeautyoftheblossoms.Ruralareasarealsogainingthe43(benefit)fromtheSpringEconomy.Zibo’sPeachBlossomArtFestivalinShandongappealedtocrowds44(visit)itspinkflowerfields,significantlyboostinglocaltourismandagriculturalsales;TheSpringEconomyisfarmorethanjust45short-termphenomenon.Itcreatescolor,theSpringEconomyissowingtheseedsforagreener,moreinclusivefuture.四、书信写作46.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国笔友Peter对科学研究感兴趣，他来信请你介绍一位中国的科学家及其研究成果。请你给他回信，内容包括：1.科学家的姓名;2.科学家的研究成果；3.该研究成果的意义。注意：1.词数不少于50；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearPeter,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、书面表达47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ihadalwaysthoughtofmyneighborhoodasapeacefulandfriendlyplace.However,allthatchangedwhenMr.Thompsonmovedinnextdoor.Hewasamiddle-agedmanwhoseemedtohavearatherstrangelifestyle.Atfirst,Ididn’tpaymuchattentiontohim.Butoneday,Inoticedthathiscarwasalwaysparkedinawaythatblockedpartofmydriveway.Itwasreallyinconvenient,especiallywhenIwasinahurrytogotoworkorpickupmykidsfromschool.Ipolitelyaskedhimtobemorecarefulwithhisparking,buthejustgavemeacoldlookandsaidhewoulddosoashewaspleased.Thismademegetcrosswithhim.Ast