爱尔兰的经济政治

Unit12PoliticsandEconomyThepresident总统ThepresidentactsasasymbolicHeadofStateonlyanddoesnothaveexecutivefunctions.总统是象征性的国家元首，并不具有行政能力。TheConstitution,however,envisagesthePresidentofIrelandassomethingmorethanamerelyceremonialHeadofState.ItgivesthePresidentcertainpowersthatmakethePresidentineffecttheGuardianoftheConstitution.但是，宪法却视爱尔兰总统不仅仅是形式上的国家元首。它赋予总统一定的权利，使总统成为宪法的保护人。HistenureofofficeisnormallycoterminouswiththatoftheGovernment.他的任期通常与该届政府执行政期一致。TheIrishcongressasabicamerallegislature,intothehouseoflordsandthehouseofCommonsIrelandIreland.Theupperhouserealpowerisverysmall,the60membersoftherealpowerinthehouseofCommonsislarger,the166membersofthecomposition爱尔兰国会为两院制，分为爱尔兰上议院和爱尔兰下议院.上议院实权很小，由60名议员组成，下议院实权较大，由166名议员组成.Thecivilserviceispoliticallyindependentintheperformanceofitsdutiesandhasnoinvolvementinpartypolitics.公务制度是一种行使职责时保持其政治独立的制度，不涉及任何党派纷争.TheIrishlegalsystemrepresentsacompromisebetweentheAmericanandBritish.爱尔兰的法律制度中和了英、美两种法律制度

TheEU:EconomicPolicies欧盟:经济政策Withthisaccess,Ireland‘sdependenceonitstraditionalpartner,GreatBritain,hasbeenseverelymodified.

由于加入欧盟，爱尔兰对其传统贸易伙伴英国的依赖大大减弱了。Apartformthemassiveinfusionofstructuralfunds,theEU'smostimportantbenefitforIrelandhasbeeningrantingitaccesstoEurope.除了得到大量的结构资金，爱尔兰从加入欧盟得到的最大好处是获准进入欧洲市场。economicIrelandisasmall,open,trade-dependenteconomy.Thatitissmallisself-evident.thatismustbeopenfollowslogicallyfromitssizeandIreland'sgeographicalpositionasanislandonthewesternedgeofEurope.爱尔兰是一个小的开放的